CN111727801A - Cultivation method of ligustrum lucidum molding tree - Google Patents
Cultivation method of ligustrum lucidum molding tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN111727801A CN111727801A CN202010702517.0A CN202010702517A CN111727801A CN 111727801 A CN111727801 A CN 111727801A CN 202010702517 A CN202010702517 A CN 202010702517A CN 111727801 A CN111727801 A CN 111727801A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method of a ligustrum lucidum molding tree, which comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting a tree stump preferentially; step two, field planting and stem cutting; step three, maintaining the pile body; step four, manufacturing a tray; step five, fixing the tray; step six, directionally keeping the branches; seventhly, cultivating 'Yunpian'; step eight, curing the 'cloud slices' and comprehensively curing the modeling trees. By applying the method, the common ligustrum lucidum tree can be cultivated into a large landscape modeling tree with 10-30 'cloud slices' by a cultivation technology in 2.5-3 years, and the cultivated ligustrum lucidum modeling tree has a unique and attractive tree shape, a more prominent landscape effect, a greatly improved economic value and a great market application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ligustrum lucidum molding trees, in particular to a cultivation method of ligustrum lucidum molding trees.
Background
Ligustrum lucidum Ait (scientific name: Ligustrum lucidum Ait) is a plant of Ligustrum, shrub or small arbor of Oleaceae, and is cultivated in the original region with the main tree type as high as 12 m; the branches and leaves are fresh and beautiful, the trees are evergreen throughout the year, the trees are full of white flowers in summer, the trees are suitable for urban climate environments, the trees are common green tree species in Yangtze river basin, the trees are often planted in courtyards for appreciation, or are used as garden trees or are pruned for hedgerow, the trees have strong resistance to sulfur dioxide, can absorb hydrogen chloride, have certain resistance to hydrogen chloride, and have the functions of dust retention and smoke resistance.
At present, more than 95% of ligustrum lucidum is in a single-trunk tree type, the ligustrum lucidum is mainly used as a street tree in urban and rural landscaping, few parts are used for hedge cultivation, and the seedling type is single. Along with the refinement of landscaping, more high-end delicate landscaping seedlings are needed.
There is no method or literature report in the prior art for performing modeling culture on ligustrum lucidum, and cultivating ligustrum lucidum into a modeling tree with a plurality of 'cloud slices'.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for cultivating a ligustrum lucidum molding tree, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a cultivation method of ligustrum lucidum molding trees comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting a tree stump preferentially; step two, field planting and stem cutting; step three, maintaining the pile body; step four, manufacturing a tray; step five, fixing the tray; step six, directionally keeping the branches; seventhly, cultivating 'Yunpian'; step eight, curing the 'cloud slices' and comprehensively curing the modeling trees.
In the first step, ligustrum lucidum which grows robustly, has strong sprouting power, does not have mechanical damage, is more than 15 years old and has multiple trunks is selected as the modeling stump.
In the second step, the seedling is lifted from the bottom of 3 months of the next year in autumn and winter in China, the diameter of a soil ball is about 5-8 times of the ground diameter of a trunk during lifting, initial crown removing and trimming are carried out during lifting, field planting is carried out as soon as possible after lifting, the trunk cut-off height is determined according to the design requirements of shapes after field planting, the trunk cut-off height is cut off within 1-2 days, the cut-off height is generally 2-6 meters, the cut opening is smooth, and a wound healing agent is coated.
In the third step, watering after planting is conducted once, then reasonable irrigation is conducted according to weather conditions, a method combining drip irrigation and spray irrigation is adopted, in high-temperature seasons in summer, when the highest temperature reaches over 37 ℃ in the daytime, water is sprayed to the tree body through spray irrigation facilities at night, the temperature and the low temperature in the nursery land are reduced, normal growth of the tree is guaranteed, the trunk is wound with straw ropes before survival and is moisturized, proper anti-freezing measures are taken in areas prone to freezing damage in winter, after planting survival, the buds on the trunk can germinate, and the germinated branches are allowed to grow naturally for 2-3 months, so that tree vigor recovery is facilitated.
In the fourth step, iron wires, bamboo chips or wood strips are used for manufacturing a round tray with the diameter of 60-100 cm or an oval tray with the width of 40-70 cm and the length of 70-130 cm.
In the fifth step, after the pile body survives, selecting a tray with a proper size according to the thickness of the trunk, fixing the tray on the trunk by using iron nails, ropes and/or battens, and enabling the horizontal plane of the fixed tray to be basically parallel to the ground.
In the sixth step, after the tree vigor is recovered, after the germinated branches naturally grow for 2-3 months, planned branches are selected and retained, the outer side germinated branches about 15cm below the tray are reserved, if the outer side germinated branches are few or not, the trunk can be subjected to bud carving treatment to induce the germinated branches or the germinated branches on the inner side of the trunk are drawn to the outer side tray and fixed, the trunk is guided to grow towards the tray, and then the base germinated branches and other redundant branches are completely removed.
Wherein in the seventh step, when the branch to be maintained grows to be more than 80 cm in length and more than 50% in lignification degree, the branch is naturally and uniformly pulled to be horizontal and bound on a tray according to the growth direction to form a horizontal first-level branch of a 'cloud sheet', when the branch naturally grows in the year, the branch is subjected to pinching or lopping treatment when the branch is too long, after the growth for one year, axillary buds on the horizontal first-level branch can sprout a second-level branch which grows upwards and vertically in the second spring, when the second-level branch grows to be 30-50cm, 1-3 sections are reserved at the base of the second-level branch for repeated short-cutting to promote a third-level branch, when the third-level branch grows to be 30-50cm, 1-3 sections are reserved at the base of the third-level branch for repeated short-cutting to promote a fourth-level branch, and so on, a multi-level branch can be formed, when the third-level branch is formed, branches on the 'cloud sheet' are dense, cultivating and shaping 'cloud slices'.
And in the eighth step, after the cultivation of the 'Yunpian' is finished, regular maintenance is required, and the main measures are length-controlled modeling pruning, branch renewal and rejuvenation and flower branch thinning. In addition, the whole molded tree needs to be comprehensively maintained, and the main measures include reasonable application of plant growth regulators, soil and fertilizer water management, pest control, bud picking and bud removal and the like.
As a further scheme of the invention: in the fourth step, the manufacturing method of the circular tray (1) comprises the following steps: firstly, arranging bamboo chips or battens with the length of 60-100 cm, the width of about 3 cm and the thickness of about 1 cm into a shape like a Chinese character 'mi', nailing the center of the shape like the Chinese character 'mi' with an iron nail, then respectively winding a circle of No. 16 iron wires along the periphery and the middle of the shape like the Chinese character 'mi', and tightly winding the joints of the iron wires and the bamboo chips, thus finishing the manufacture; (2) the manufacturing method of the oval tray comprises the following steps: firstly, taking a batten with the length of 70-130 cm, the width of about 3 cm and the thickness of about 1 cm as the long diameter of an ellipse, then vertically fixing a batten with the length of 40-70 cm in the middle of the long batten, sequentially vertically placing battens with the length of 20-60 cm on two sides of the long batten every 20-30 cm (the shorter the battens are close to two ends), nailing the intersection of every two battens by an iron nail, finally winding a number 16 iron wire for one circle along the periphery of the long elliptic batten, and winding the connection part of the iron wire and the battens tightly to finish the manufacturing.
As a further scheme of the invention: in the fifth step, (1) the fixing method of the circular tray is as follows: when a round tray at the top end is fixed, the center of the tray is placed on the center of the cross section, 1 iron nail penetrates through a bamboo chip to be firmly nailed on the cross section, if the branch below the tray is strong in growth, the stability of the tray is influenced, one end of a rope which is solid and durable by 1-2 knots is tied on the tray, the other end of the rope is obliquely and fixedly pulled downwards on a trunk, the round trays at other positions on the trunk are firmly nailed on the trunk by penetrating through the bamboo chip by 1 iron nail, one end of the rope which is solid and durable by 1-2 knots is tied on the tray, and the other end of the rope is obliquely and fixedly pulled upwards on the trunk; (2) the fixing method of the oval tray is as follows: the cross position of two battens in the tray is placed on the center of the cross section, and 1 iron nail penetrates through the battens and is firmly nailed on the cross section; and then a batten with the length being similar to or slightly longer than the length of the oval tray is used, one end of the batten is fixed on the oval tray wooden frame, and the other end of the batten is fixed on the trunk, so that a triangular support is formed.
As a further scheme of the invention: in the seventh step, the method for performing circle branching processing on the horizontal first-stage branch comprises the following steps: binding the first-stage branch with the length exceeding the tray on the tray along an iron ring at the periphery of the tray, enabling the first-stage branch to grow around the tray, and gradually covering the whole tray.
As a further scheme of the invention: in the step eight, in the 'cloud piece' maintenance process, the length-control modeling pruning measures are as follows: when the length of the branch on the 'Yun pian' reaches 15-20cm, 1-3 nodes are reserved for repeated truncation, and the truncation is carried out 3-4 times in 5-6 months, 8-9 months and 10 months every year.
As a further scheme of the invention: in the step eight, in the 'cloud piece' maintenance management process, the method for updating and rejuvenating the branches comprises the following steps: when the cloud piece is formed for 2-4 years, the lower part of the cloud piece is empty and sparse in leaves along with the increase of branch grading, and the cloud piece branch is renewed and rejuvenated by a retraction method.
As a further scheme of the invention: the operation method of retraction is as follows: when pruning is carried out for the 1 st time in spring, the part 0.5-1 cm above the withered and strong bud eyes of the lower branches of the 'Yunpai' is cut to promote the 'Yunpai' to germinate and strengthen the branches again.
As a further scheme of the invention: in the eighth step, the method for reasonably applying the plant growth regulator in the comprehensive maintenance of the modeling trees comprises the following steps: spraying 1 time of paclobutrazol (25% of a suspending agent 650-fold liquid) to the 'Yunpian' every year to keep dense and full branches and leaves of the 'Yunpian', wherein the spraying time of the paclobutrazol is 2 times of pruning of the 'Yunpian' in 8-9 months.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the common ligustrum lucidum tree type can be cultivated into a large landscape modeling tree with a plurality of 'cloud pieces' in 2.5-3 years by a cultivation technology, and the cultivated ligustrum lucidum modeling tree type is unique and attractive, the landscape effect is more prominent, the economic value is greatly improved, and the market application value is extremely high.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for cultivating a Ligustrum lucidum molding tree according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a circular tray of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an oval tray of the present invention;
in fig. 2 and 3, 1 is an iron wire, 2 is a bamboo chip, and 3 is a wood strip.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a technical solution: a cultivation method of ligustrum lucidum molding trees comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting a tree stump preferentially; step two, field planting and stem cutting; step three, maintaining the pile body; step four, manufacturing a tray; step five, fixing the tray; step six, directionally keeping the branches; seventhly, cultivating 'Yunpian'; step eight, curing the 'Yunpian' and comprehensively curing the molded trees. As described in detail below in connection with fig. 1-3.
The method comprises the following steps: selecting ligustrum lucidum which grows robustly, has strong sprouting power, no mechanical damage, is more than 15 years old and has multiple trunks as the modeling stump.
Step two: in the central plain area, seedlings are generally lifted from the bottom of 3 months in the next year in autumn and winter, the diameter of a soil ball is about 5-8 times of the ground diameter of a trunk during lifting, and primary crown removal and pruning are carried out during lifting so as to facilitate transportation and survival; selecting a neutral soil land with fertile soil, water source and convenient traffic as a nursery land, using necessary irrigation and drainage facilities in the nursery land, preparing soil, disinfecting the soil, and digging planting pits with the depth of 1 meter and the diameter of 1-1.3 meters; planting with soil balls according to the shallow planting high-hilling method, immediately determining the trunk cutting height of each trunk according to the modeling design requirement after planting, cutting the trunk within 1-2 days, wherein the trunk cutting height is generally between 2-6 m, the cut is smooth, and a wound healing agent is coated to prevent the wound from being infected by germs.
Step three: watering after planting for one time to permeate water, then reasonably irrigating according to weather conditions, adopting a method combining drip irrigation and spray irrigation, spraying water to the trees by using spray irrigation facilities at night in high-temperature seasons in summer when the highest temperature reaches over 37 ℃ in the daytime, reducing the temperature and the low temperature in the nursery to ensure the normal growth of the trees, winding straw ropes on the trunks for moisturizing before survival, taking proper anti-freezing measures in areas which are easy to freeze in winter, germinating buds on the trunks after planting survival, and allowing the germinated branches to grow naturally for 2-3 months so as to be beneficial to the restoration of the tree vigor.
Step four: making circular tray (figure 2) with diameter of 60-100 cm or oval tray (figure 3) with width of 40-70 cm and length of 70-130 cm from iron wire, bamboo sheet or wood strip;
the manufacturing method of the circular tray comprises the following steps: firstly, arranging bamboo chips or battens with the length of 60-100 cm, the width of about 3 cm and the thickness of about 1 cm into a shape like a Chinese character 'mi', nailing the center of the shape like the Chinese character 'mi' with an iron nail, then respectively winding a circle of No. 16 iron wires along the periphery and the middle of the shape like the Chinese character 'mi', tightly winding the joints of the iron wires and the bamboo chips, and referring to the figure 1 after the manufacturing is finished;
the manufacturing method of the oval tray comprises the following steps: firstly, taking a batten with the length of 70-130 cm, the width of about 3 cm and the thickness of about 1 cm as the long diameter of an ellipse, then vertically fixing a batten with the length of 40-70 cm in the middle of the long batten, sequentially vertically placing battens with the length of 20-60 cm on two sides every 20-30 cm, shortening the batten close to two ends, and tightly nailing the intersection of every two battens with an iron nail; and finally, winding a 16 # iron wire for a circle along the periphery of the oblong wood strip, tightly winding the joint of the iron wire and the wood strip, and finishing the manufacturing, referring to fig. 2.
Step five: after the pile body survives, selecting a tray with reasonable size according to the thickness of a trunk, fixing the tray on the trunk by using ropes, iron nails and/or battens, wherein the horizontal plane of the fixed tray is basically parallel to the ground;
the fixing method of the circular tray comprises the following steps: when a round tray at the top end is fixed, the center of the tray is placed on the center of the cross section, 1 iron nail penetrates through a bamboo chip to be firmly nailed on the cross section, if the branch below the tray is strong in growth, the stability of the tray is influenced, one end of a rope which is solid and durable by 1-2 knots is tied on the tray, the other end of the rope is obliquely and fixedly pulled downwards on a trunk, the round trays at other positions on the trunk are firmly nailed on the trunk by penetrating through the bamboo chip by 1 iron nail, one end of the rope which is solid and durable by 1-2 knots is tied on the tray, and the other end of the rope is obliquely and fixedly pulled upwards on the trunk;
the fixing method of the oval tray comprises the following steps: the cross position of two battens in the tray is placed on the center of the cross section, and 1 iron nail penetrates through the battens and is firmly nailed on the cross section; and then a batten with the length being similar to or slightly longer than the length of the oval tray is used, one end of the batten is fixed on the oval tray wooden frame, and the other end of the batten is fixed on the trunk, so that a triangular support is formed.
Step six: after the tree vigor is recovered, after the germinated branches naturally grow for 2-3 months, planned branches are selected and retained, the outer side germinated branches about 15cm below the tray are retained, if the outer side germinated branches are few or not, the trunk can be subjected to bud carving treatment to induce the germinated branches or the germinated branches on the inner side of the trunk are pulled to the outer side tray and fixed, the trunk is guided to grow towards the tray, and then the base germinated branches and other redundant branches are completely removed.
Step seven: naturally and uniformly pulling the remained branches to be horizontal and binding the branches on a tray according to the growth direction when the length of the remained branches is more than 80 cm and the lignification degree is more than 50%, forming horizontal primary branches of 'cloud sheets', carrying out pinching or girdling treatment when the branches grow naturally in the year and are too long, carrying out growth for one year, wherein axillary buds on the horizontal primary branches can sprout secondary branches which grow upwards in spring in the second year, reserving 1-3 sections at the base parts of the secondary branches for carrying out repeated short-cut and promoting the growth of the tertiary branches when the secondary branches grow to be 30-50cm, reserving 1-3 sections at the base parts of the tertiary branches for carrying out repeated short-cut and promoting the growth of the quaternary branches when the tertiary branches grow to be 30-50cm, sequentially analogizing to form the multistage branches, and when the tertiary branches are formed, the branch leaves on the 'cloud sheets' are very dense and full, cultivating and shaping the 'cloud slices';
according to the different shapes of the trays, the cultivated and formed cloud slices have two types of circular shapes and oval shapes.
Step eight: after the cultivation of the 'cloud pieces' is finished, regular maintenance is needed, and the main measures are length-controlled modeling pruning, branch renewal and rejuvenation and flower branch thinning; in addition, the whole molded tree needs to be comprehensively maintained, and the main measures include reasonable application of a plant growth regulator, soil and fertilizer water management, pest control, bud picking and bud removal and the like;
wherein, in the 'cloud piece' maintenance process, the length-control modeling pruning measures are as follows: when the length of the branch on the 'Yun pian' reaches 15-20cm, 1-3 nodes are reserved for repeated truncation, and the truncation is carried out 3-4 times in 5-6 months, 8-9 months and 10 months every year.
Wherein, in the 'cloud slice' maintenance process, the method for rejuvenating and rejuvenating the branches comprises the following steps: when the number of the branches is increased after the 'Yun pian' is formed for 2-4 years, the lower part of the 'Yun pian' has empty chambers and sparse leaves, the 'Yun pian' branches are renewed and rejuvenated by a retraction method, and when the 1 st pruning is carried out in spring, the branches are cut at a position 0.5-1 cm above the withered and strong bud eyes of the 'Yun pian' low-level branches, so that the 'Yun pian' branches germinate and strengthen.
In the 'cloud piece' maintenance, the method for thinning out flowering branches comprises the following steps: the flower branches extracted from the 'cloud slices' are manually thinned by pruning shears, so that the nutrient consumption is reduced;
the method for applying the plant growth regulator in the comprehensive maintenance of the tree body comprises the following steps: spraying paclobutrazol (25% suspending agent 650-fold liquid with 800 times) with proper concentration for 1 time every year to keep dense and full branches and leaves of the paclobutrazol, and after 2 times of pruning is carried out on the paclobutrazol in 8-9 months, the shape of the tree is kept beautiful, and the whole molded tree is kept healthy and beautiful.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A cultivation method of ligustrum lucidum molding trees comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting a tree stump preferentially; step two, field planting and stem cutting; step three, maintaining the pile body; step four, manufacturing a tray; step five, fixing the tray; step six: directionally keeping the branches; seventhly, cultivating 'Yunpian'; step eight, curing the 'cloud slices' and comprehensively curing the modeling trees; the method is characterized in that:
in the first step, ligustrum lucidum which grows robustly, has strong sprouting power, does not have mechanical damage, is more than 15 years old and has multiple trunks is selected as the modeling stump.
In the second step, the seedling is lifted from the bottom of 3 months of the next year in autumn and winter in China, the diameter of a soil ball is about 5-8 times of the ground diameter of a trunk when the seedling is lifted, initial crown removing and trimming are carried out when the seedling is lifted, field planting is carried out as soon as possible after the seedling is lifted, the trunk cut-off height is determined according to the modeling design requirement after the field planting, the trunk cut-off is carried out within 1-2 days, the trunk cut-off height is generally 2-6 meters, the cut-off is smooth, and a wound healing agent is coated on the trunk cut-off height.
In the third step, watering after planting is conducted once, then reasonable irrigation is conducted according to weather conditions, a method combining drip irrigation and spray irrigation is adopted, in high-temperature seasons in summer, when the highest temperature reaches over 37 ℃ in the daytime, water is sprayed to the tree body through spray irrigation facilities at night, the temperature and the low temperature in the nursery land are reduced, normal growth of the tree is guaranteed, the trunk is wound with straw ropes before survival and is moisturized, proper anti-freezing measures are taken in areas prone to freezing damage in winter, after planting survival, the buds on the trunk can germinate, and the germinated branches are allowed to grow naturally for 2-3 months, so that tree vigor recovery is facilitated.
In the fourth step, iron wires, bamboo chips or wood strips are used for manufacturing a round tray with the diameter of 60-100 cm or an oval tray with the width of 40-70 cm and the length of 70-130 cm.
In the fifth step, after the pile body survives, selecting a tray with a proper size according to the thickness of the trunk, fixing the tray on the trunk by using iron nails, ropes and/or battens, and enabling the horizontal plane of the fixed tray to be basically parallel to the ground.
In the sixth step, after the tree vigor is recovered, after the germinated branches naturally grow for 2-3 months, planned branches are selected and retained, the outer side germinated branches about 15cm below the tray are reserved, if the outer side germinated branches are few or not, the trunk can be subjected to bud carving treatment to induce the germinated branches or the germinated branches on the inner side of the trunk are drawn to the outer side tray and fixed, the trunk is guided to grow towards the tray, and then the base germinated branches and other redundant branches are completely removed.
Wherein in the seventh step, when the branch to be maintained grows to be more than 80 cm in length and more than 50% in lignification degree, the branch is naturally and uniformly pulled to be horizontal and bound on a tray according to the growth direction to form a horizontal first-level branch of a 'cloud sheet', when the branch naturally grows in the year, the branch is subjected to pinching or lopping treatment when the branch is too long, after the growth for one year, axillary buds on the horizontal first-level branch can sprout a second-level branch which grows upwards and vertically in the second spring, when the second-level branch grows to be 30-50cm, 1-3 sections are reserved at the base of the second-level branch for repeated short-cutting to promote a third-level branch, when the third-level branch grows to be 30-50cm, 1-3 sections are reserved at the base of the third-level branch for repeated short-cutting to promote a fourth-level branch, and so on, a multi-level branch can be formed, when the third-level branch is formed, branches on the 'cloud sheet' are dense, cultivating and shaping 'cloud slices'.
In the eighth step, after the cultivation of the 'cloud slices' is finished, regular maintenance is required, and the main measures are length-controlled modeling pruning, branch renewal and rejuvenation and flower branch thinning; in addition, the whole molded tree needs to be comprehensively maintained, and the main measures include reasonable application of plant growth regulators, soil and fertilizer water management, pest control, bud picking and bud removal and the like.
2. The cultivation method of ligustrum lucidum molding tree according to claim 1, wherein: the time from field planting, stump maintenance to directional maintenance of the 'cloud piece' branches is 6 months to 1 year, the time for cultivating a single 'cloud piece' is 1-1.5 years, and the time for cultivating the whole tree into a modeling tree with 10-30 'cloud pieces' is 2.5-3 years.
3. The cultivation method of ligustrum lucidum molding tree according to claim 1, wherein: according to the different shapes of the trays, the cultivated cloud tablets have two types of circular shapes and oval shapes.
4. The cultivation method of ligustrum lucidum molding tree according to claim 1, wherein: in the fourth step, the manufacturing method of the circular tray (1) comprises the following steps: firstly, arranging bamboo chips or battens with the length of 60-100 cm, the width of about 3 cm and the thickness of about 1 cm into a shape like a Chinese character 'mi', nailing the center of the shape like the Chinese character 'mi' with an iron nail, then respectively winding a circle of No. 16 iron wires along the periphery and the middle of the shape like the Chinese character 'mi', and tightly winding the joints of the iron wires and the bamboo chips, thus finishing the manufacture; (2) the manufacturing method of the oval tray comprises the following steps: firstly, taking a batten with the length of 70-130 cm, the width of about 3 cm and the thickness of about 1 cm as the long diameter of an ellipse, then vertically fixing a batten with the length of 40-70 cm in the middle of the long batten, sequentially vertically placing battens with the length of 20-60 cm on two sides of the long batten every 20-30 cm (the shorter the battens are close to two ends), nailing the intersection of every two battens by an iron nail, finally winding a number 16 iron wire for one circle along the periphery of the long elliptic batten, and winding the connection part of the iron wire and the battens tightly to finish the manufacturing.
5. The cultivation method of ligustrum lucidum molding tree according to claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, (1) the fixing method of the circular tray is as follows: when a round tray at the top end is fixed, the center of the tray is placed on the center of the cross section, 1 iron nail penetrates through a bamboo chip to be firmly nailed on the cross section, if the branch below the tray is strong in growth, the stability of the tray is influenced, one end of a rope which is solid and durable by 1-2 knots is tied on the tray, the other end of the rope is obliquely and fixedly pulled downwards on a trunk, the round trays at other positions on the trunk are firmly nailed on the trunk by penetrating through the bamboo chip by 1 iron nail, one end of the rope which is solid and durable by 1-2 knots is tied on the tray, and the other end of the rope is obliquely and fixedly pulled upwards on the trunk; (2) the fixing method of the oval tray is as follows: the cross position of two battens in the tray is placed on the center of the cross section, and 1 iron nail penetrates through the battens and is firmly nailed on the cross section; and then a batten with the length being similar to or slightly longer than the length of the oval tray is used, one end of the batten is fixed on the oval tray wooden frame, and the other end of the batten is fixed on the trunk, so that a triangular support is formed.
6. The method of growing ligustrum lucidum molding tree according to claim 1, wherein: in the seventh step, the method for performing circle branching processing on the horizontal first-stage branch comprises the following steps: binding the first-stage branch with the length exceeding the tray on the tray along an iron ring at the periphery of the tray, enabling the first-stage branch to grow around the tray, and gradually covering the whole tray.
7. The method of growing ligustrum lucidum molding tree according to claim 1, wherein: in the step eight, in the 'cloud piece' maintenance process, the length-control modeling pruning measures are as follows: when the length of the branch on the 'Yun pian' reaches 15-20cm, 1-3 nodes are reserved for repeated truncation, and the truncation is carried out 3-4 times in 5-6 months, 8-9 months and 10 months every year.
8. The method of growing ligustrum lucidum molding tree according to claim 1, wherein: in the step eight, in the 'cloud piece' maintenance process, the method for rejuvenating and rejuvenating the branches comprises the following steps: when the cloud piece is formed for 2-4 years, the lower part of the cloud piece is empty and sparse in leaves along with the increase of branch grading, and the cloud piece branch is renewed and rejuvenated by a retraction method.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the cultivation of the ligustrum lucidum molding tree comprises: the operation method of retraction is as follows: when pruning is carried out for the 1 st time in spring, the part 0.5-1 cm above the withered and strong bud eyes of the lower branches of the 'Yunpai' is cut to promote the 'Yunpai' to germinate and strengthen the branches again.
10. The method of growing ligustrum lucidum molding tree according to claim 1, wherein: in the eighth step, the method for reasonably applying the plant growth regulator in the comprehensive maintenance of the modeling trees comprises the following steps: spraying 1 time of paclobutrazol (25% of a suspending agent 650-fold liquid) to the 'Yunpian' every year to keep dense and full branches and leaves of the 'Yunpian', wherein the spraying time of the paclobutrazol is 2 times of pruning of the 'Yunpian' in 8-9 months.
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