CN111699850A - Stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid area - Google Patents
Stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid area Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111699850A CN111699850A CN202010434830.0A CN202010434830A CN111699850A CN 111699850 A CN111699850 A CN 111699850A CN 202010434830 A CN202010434830 A CN 202010434830A CN 111699850 A CN111699850 A CN 111699850A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- seedling
- stevia rebaudiana
- cutting
- shed
- plug
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 244000228451 Stevia rebaudiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 235000006092 Stevia rebaudiana Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N streptomycin Chemical compound CN[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@](C=O)(O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005322 streptomycin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- IWDQPCIQCXRBQP-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fenaminosulf Chemical compound [Na+].CN(C)C1=CC=C(N=NS([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 IWDQPCIQCXRBQP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 5
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002509 fulvic acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229940095100 fulvic acid Drugs 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003124 biologic agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 235000021552 granulated sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 241000208838 Asteraceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000189548 Chrysanthemum x morifolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000008589 Obesity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000357 carcinogen Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003183 carcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012869 ethanol precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000019622 heart disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020824 obesity Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HELXLJCILKEWJH-NCGAPWICSA-N rebaudioside A Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]([C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)O[C@]12C(=C)C[C@@]3(C1)CC[C@@H]1[C@@](C)(CCC[C@]1([C@@H]3CC2)C)C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HELXLJCILKEWJH-NCGAPWICSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of stevia rebaudiana planting, and discloses a stevia rebaudiana plug-seedling method for alpine arid areas, which comprises the following steps: and (3) seedling bed construction of a seedling raising land: selecting gentle slope land with flat terrain, good drainage and leeward and sunny exposure to construct a seedling bed, laying a mulching film on the seedling bed, laying a ground heating wire on the surface of the mulching film, erecting an air heating wire and an automatic water spraying system above the mulching film, then building a wind-resistant seedling shed on the seedling bed, and laying a heat-insulating film on the wind-resistant seedling shed; preparing the plug nutrient soil: taking mellow soil as a main raw material, adding 550g of microbial inoculum 450-; selecting cutting slips; cutting; managing in a seedling stage; in conclusion, according to the invention, the stevia rebaudiana is subjected to plug-seedling, and in the process of cuttage, mellow soil, biological agent, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, fulvic acid and fenaminosulf are used for preparing specific nutrient soil, so that the rooting rate and the survival rate of the stevia rebaudiana cutting slips are effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of stevia rebaudiana planting, and particularly relates to a plug-seedling method of stevia rebaudiana for use in alpine arid areas.
Background
Stevia rebaudiana is a perennial herb of stevia of the family Compositae. The whole stevia rebaudiana contains sugar, the sweetness of the leaves is highest, the content of the sugar is about 14%, the content of the sugar in the branches is equal to half of the content of the leaves, the stevia rebaudiana leaves can be used as sugar after being dried and crushed, or the stevia rebaudiana glycosides can be obtained by ethanol precipitation, the sweetness is equal to 250-300 times of that of white granulated sugar, and the heat is only 1/300 of the white granulated sugar, so that the stevia rebaudiana sugar has no toxic or side effect, has no carcinogen, is safe to eat, can prevent diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, heart disease, decayed teeth and the like after being eaten frequently, and is a very ideal sweetener for replacing sucrose. At present, the method is widely applied to the industries of food, beverage, medicine, daily chemical industry, wine brewing, cosmetics and the like, and can save the cost by 60 percent compared with the application of cane sugar.
Stevia rebaudiana mostly adopts asexual cuttage mode of growing seedlings to breed the seedling, and the stevia rebaudiana cuttage is grown seedlings and is kept the stevia rebaudiana variety sexual purity, prevents and treats the degeneration and expands the effective mode that the seedling breeds, but current stevia rebaudiana cuttage survival rate is lower, and especially in high cold arid areas such as Xinjiang, Gansu, inner Mongolia, the degree of difficulty that realizes the stevia rebaudiana cuttage production in batches is bigger, and its reason is:
(1) the time in winter of Xinjiang, Gansu and the like is long, early spring, late and short, and the scale mass production of stevia rebaudiana cuttage naked seedlings is not available.
(2) The stevia rebaudiana seedlings produced in autumn and winter in Xinjiang, Gansu and other places have high cost and limited yield, and the seedlings cannot be produced in a large scale.
(3) Labor workers in Xinjiang, Gansu and the like have high cost and low labor efficiency.
Therefore, in the existing market, most of Sinkiang, Gansu and the like buy stevia rebaudiana bare seedlings from stevia rebaudiana seedling raising bases such as Anhui and the like for transplanting, in order to improve the adaptation of the stevia rebaudiana bare seedlings to the geographical environment during transplanting, the stevia rebaudiana bare seedlings need to be subjected to a certain seedling reviving period, the survival rate of transplanting is lower due to overlarge geographical environment change after the stevia rebaudiana bare seedlings are transplanted, and the transplanting survival rate is 85% under the general condition. Therefore, in order to ensure that the number of stevia rebaudiana plants reaches 10000 plants per mu after transplanting per mu, sweet farmers in Xinjiang and Gansu usually adopt a measure of transplanting more than 2000-3000 plants per mu, so that the investment cost of stevia rebaudiana seedlings is increased, and the investment cost of labor workers is also increased.
In view of the above, a cutting seedling method capable of realizing the large-scale production of the native stevia rebaudiana seedlings in high-cold arid areas such as Xinjiang, Gansu, inner Mongolia and the like is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid regions, which is characterized in that seedling heads (seedling ears) are transported to Xinjiang and Gansu stevia rebaudiana plug seedling production bases through a refrigeration and heat preservation mode from Anhui stevia rebaudiana seedling production bases, the local production of the stevia rebaudiana in Xinjiang and Gansu is realized through cutting seedling in Xinjiang and Gansu, and the like, and cold resistance treatment are realized in the cutting seedling process, so that the problem of local seedling supply for planting stevia rebaudiana seedlings in alpine arid regions is solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid areas comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) seedling bed construction of a seedling raising land: selecting gentle slope lands with flat terrain, good drainage, leeward and sunny exposure and good water conservancy condition to construct a seedling bed, paving a mulching film on the seedling bed, wherein the thickness of the mulching film is 0.25 silk meters, paving a ground heat line on the surface of the mulching film, erecting an air heating line and an automatic water spraying system above the mulching film, then building a wind-resistant seedling shed on the seedling bed, and paving a heat-insulating film on the wind-resistant seedling shed;
2) preparing the plug nutrient soil: taking the mixed mellow soil and fine sand in a ratio of 1: 1 as main raw materials, adding 550g of microbial inoculum 450-;
3) selecting a cutting ear: selecting strong seedlings of stevia rebaudiana which grow robustly and have excellent shape and no diseases, cutting off tender top branches of the strong seedlings for cutting, and taking the remaining branches of the top branches as cutting slips;
4) cuttage: paving the hole tray nutrient soil prepared in the step 2) into a hole tray, compacting, thoroughly watering, and punching and cutting; wherein the cutting depth is 1/3-1/2 of the length of the cutting shoot, water is sprayed in time after cutting, and the leaves of the cutting seedlings are preferably moistened;
5) seedling stage management: placing the hole tray subjected to cuttage in the step 4) on the seedbed manufactured in the step 1); in the cutting rooting period, paving a sunshade net with 75 percent of sunshade rate on the seedling shed for sunshade; after more than 85-90% of the cuttings in the hole tray root, removing the sunshade net; after more than 95% of cutting slips in the aperture disk take roots, hardening seedlings; and the operations of irrigation, cooling, pesticide application, wind resistance and cold resistance are carefully performed in the whole seedling management.
Preferably, in the step 1), the wind-resistant seedling shed is built by wind-resistant fiber rods with the thickness of 6 mm, the width of the seedling shed is not more than 2 meters, the height of the seedling shed is not more than 0.6 meter, and the length of the seedling shed is not more than 56 meters.
Preferably, in the step 1), the heat-insulating film is formed by paving a non-drop long-life film with the thickness of 6 microns.
Preferably, in the step 1), at least six geothermal wires are laid in the wind-resistant seedling shed, and at least one air heating wire is erected; wherein the height of the air heating wire from the ground is 20-30 cm.
Preferably, in the step 2), the microbial agent is streptomycin fischer.
Preferably, in the step 5), the cold-resistant operation is: when the temperature outside the seedling shed is lower than minus 5 degrees, heating by using a ground heating wire and an air heating wire, and after heating, the temperature in the seedling shed is higher than minus 5 degrees.
Preferably, in the step 5), the cooling operation is: a) when the temperature in the seedling shed is higher than 40 ℃, an automatic water spraying system is used for spraying water for cooling; stopping spraying water when the temperature in the seedling shed is lower than 40 ℃; b) after the water is sprayed for cooling, the top of the heat insulation film is perforated when the temperature in the seedling shed is higher than 40 degrees and exceeds 1 hour.
Preferably, in said step b), the perforation has a diameter of 10 cm.
Preferably, in the step 5), the wind resistance operation is: before the sunshade net is taken off, the periphery of the sunshade net is used for sealing and compacting wet soil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the invention, seedling heads (seedling spikes) of seedlings can be produced in large scale in areas suitable for autumn propagation of overwintering stevia rebaudiana seedlings, such as Anhui, and the like, and are conveyed to high-cold arid areas such as Xinjiang, Gansu, inner Mongolia and the like through a refrigeration and heat preservation vehicle to carry out plug-seedling on the stevia rebaudiana, and in the cutting process, mellow soil, biological agent, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, fulvic acid and fenaminosulf are used for preparing specific nutrient soil, so that the rooting rate of the stevia rebaudiana cutting slips is effectively improved;
in addition, when stevia rebaudiana plug seedlings are subjected to seedling stage management, the stevia rebaudiana plug seedlings are placed in a specially built seedling shed so as to effectively realize high temperature resistance, cold resistance, wind resistance and other protection in the seedling stage management process. Therefore, the problem of local production and supply of the seedlings of the stevia rebaudiana planted in high-cold arid areas such as Xinjiang, Gansu, inner Mongolia and the like is solved, the production cost of the stevia rebaudiana planted in the areas is greatly reduced, and the income is increased.
The stevia rebaudiana is subjected to local production in high-cold arid areas such as Xinjiang, Gansu and inner Mongolia and then is subjected to local transplantation, so that compared with the existing stevia rebaudiana transplanting mode, the stevia rebaudiana does not need to undergo a seedling revival stage during transplantation, the transplantation survival rate of the stevia rebaudiana can be improved to about 98% by local transplantation, and the transplantation survival rate and the production efficiency are greatly improved; in addition, the hole tray seedlings locally produced in areas such as Xinjiang, Gansu, inner Mongolia and the like by the technology can be harvested and marketed at least 15 days earlier than naked seedlings transplanted to the areas by Anhui dealers in the same period, so that the income of stevia rebaudiana growers in the areas is further increased.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to a stevia rebaudiana plug-seedling method used in alpine arid areas; specifically, taking stevia rebaudiana cuttage in Xinjiang as an example, the invention discloses the following three examples:
example 1
A stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid areas comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) seedling bed construction of a seedling raising land: selecting gentle slope lands with flat terrain, good drainage, leeward and sunny exposure and good water conservancy condition to construct a seedling bed, paving a mulching film on the seedling bed, wherein the thickness of the mulching film is 0.25 silk meters, paving a ground heat line on the surface of the mulching film, erecting an air heating line and an automatic water spraying system above the mulching film, then building a wind-resistant seedling shed on the seedling bed, and paving a heat-insulating film on the wind-resistant seedling shed;
the wind-resistant seedling shed is formed by building wind-resistant fiber rods with the thickness of 6 mm, the width of the seedling shed is 2 meters, the height of the seedling shed is 0.6 meter, and the length of the seedling shed is 56 meters, so that the wind-resistant seedling shed has good wind resistance, and the effect of preventing wind disasters is achieved.
In addition, the heat preservation film laid on the wind-resistant seedling shed is formed by laying a non-drop long-life film with the thickness of 6 silk meters, and has the advantages of long service life and good heat preservation effect.
In the wind-resistant seedling shed with the size, the laying width of the corresponding mulching film is 1.9 meters, six ground heating wires are laid on the mulching film, one air heating wire rack is arranged above the mulching film, and the ground height of each air heating wire is 30 cm.
2) Preparing the plug nutrient soil: taking the mixed mellow soil and fine sand in a ratio of 1: 1 as main raw materials, adding 450g of microbial inoculum, 450g of monopotassium phosphate, 450g of fulvic acid and 90g of fenaminosulf into each cubic of nutrient soil, and uniformly mixing to obtain the plug nutrient soil;
in the step, the existing stirring mixer in the market is adopted to semi-automatically prepare the plug nutrient soil, so that the labor intensity of workers is reduced.
In addition, the microbial agent may preferably be streptomycin freudenreichii.
3) Selecting a cutting ear: selecting strong seedlings of healthy, well-growing, excellent-shape and disease-free stevia rebaudiana, and cutting tender top branches of the strong seedlings;
specifically, in the step, stevia rebaudiana seedling heads (seedling spikes) are produced and supplied in a large scale from an autumn-breeding overwintering seedling production base of stevia rebaudiana in Anhui, then are transported to a cave-plate seedling production base of Sinkiang and Gansu stevia rebaudiana by using a refrigeration and heat preservation vehicle, and the cave-plate cutting production of the stevia rebaudiana is completed locally in Hokko of Sinkiang; compared with naked seedlings (cutting seedlings without soil at the roots) transported from Anhui province, the stevia rebaudiana plug seedlings produced in the mode can be harvested and listed 15 days in advance, so that the economic benefit of stevia rebaudiana planted in the area is greatly improved, and the development of the stevia rebaudiana economy in the area is effectively accelerated.
4) Cuttage: paving the hole tray nutrient soil prepared in the step 2) into a hole tray, compacting, thoroughly watering, and punching and cutting; wherein the cutting depth is 1/3 of the length of the cutting shoot, water is sprayed in time after cutting, and the leaf surface of the cutting seedling is preferably moistened;
specifically, in this step, all can adopt current mechanical equipment automatic completion about steps such as the spreading of cave dish, compaction, watering, punch, and punch accomplish the back manual cuttage can, realize semi-automatic cuttage from this, improved the efficiency of sweetleaf chrysanthemum cave dish cuttage greatly.
5) Seedling stage management: placing the hole tray subjected to cuttage in the step 4) on the seedbed manufactured in the step 1); in the cutting rooting period, paving a sunshade net with 75 percent of sunshade rate on the seedling shed for sunshade; after more than 85% of cutting shoots in the hole tray root, removing the sunshade net; after more than 95% of cutting slips in the aperture disk take roots, hardening seedlings; and the operations of irrigation, cooling, pesticide application, wind resistance and cold resistance are carefully managed in the whole seedling stage;
specifically, in this step:
the cold-resistant operation comprises the following steps: when the temperature outside the seedling shed is lower than minus 5 degrees, the ground heating wire and the air heating wire are used for heating, and the temperature in the seedling shed after heating is higher than minus 5 degrees, so that the influence of the low-temperature environment on the cuttage survival rate of the stevia rebaudiana can be effectively reduced.
The cooling operation is as follows: when the temperature in the seedling shed is higher than 40 ℃, an automatic water spraying system is utilized to spray water for cooling; if the temperature in the seedling shed is lower than 40 degrees after the water is sprayed for cooling, stopping spraying water, and completing cooling in the seedling shed; if the temperature in the seedling shed is still higher than 40 degrees after water spraying, and the high temperature lasts for more than 1 hour, then radiating holes with the diameter of 10cm are drilled at the top of the heat-insulating film to assist in realizing further cooling in the seedling shed; in conclusion, the problem of low cutting survival rate of the stevia rebaudiana caused by water shortage at high temperature can be avoided, and effective drought resistance is achieved.
The wind-resistant operation comprises the following steps: except the wind-resistant seedling shed, the edges around the sunshade net are used for sealing and compacting wet soil before the sunshade net is removed, so that further wind resistance is realized.
In this embodiment, the rooting rate of the stevia rebaudiana plug seedlings subjected to cuttage is more than 98%;
in the embodiment, the stevia rebaudiana after hardening off is completely transplanted with soil, so that the survival rate after transplanting is greatly improved, can reach about 98 percent and is improved by more than 20 percent compared with the bare seedlings transported by Anhui.
Example 2
A stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid areas comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) seedling bed construction of a seedling raising land: selecting gentle slope lands with flat terrain, good drainage, leeward and sunny exposure and good water conservancy condition to construct a seedling bed, paving a mulching film on the seedling bed, wherein the thickness of the mulching film is 0.25 silk meters, paving a ground heat line on the surface of the mulching film, erecting an air heating line and an automatic water spraying system above the mulching film, then building a wind-resistant seedling shed on the seedling bed, and paving a heat-insulating film on the wind-resistant seedling shed;
the wind-resistant seedling shed is formed by building wind-resistant fiber rods with the thickness of 6 mm, the width of the seedling shed is 1.9 m, the height of the seedling shed is 0.5 m, and the length of the seedling shed is 50 m, so that the wind-resistant seedling shed has good wind resistance, and the effect of preventing wind disasters is achieved.
In addition, the heat preservation film laid on the wind-resistant seedling shed is formed by laying a non-drop long-life film with the thickness of 6 silk meters, and has the advantages of long service life and good heat preservation effect.
In the wind-resistant seedling shed with the size, the laying width of the corresponding mulching film is 1.9 meters, six ground heating wires are laid on the mulching film, one air heating wire rack is arranged above the mulching film, and the ground height of each air heating wire is 25 cm.
2) Preparing the plug nutrient soil: taking the mixture of the mellow soil and the fine sand in a ratio of 1: 1 as main raw materials, adding 500g of microbial inoculum, 500g of monopotassium phosphate, 500g of fulvic acid and 100g of fenaminosulf into each cubic of nutrient soil, and uniformly mixing to obtain the plug nutrient soil.
3) Selecting a cutting ear: selecting strong growing, excellent-shape and disease-free stevia rebaudiana seedlings, and cutting the tender tops of the strong growing, excellent-shape and disease-free stevia rebaudiana seedlings into cuttings with the lengths of about 5 cm;
4) cuttage: paving the hole tray nutrient soil prepared in the step 2) into a hole tray, compacting, thoroughly watering, and punching and cutting; wherein the cutting depth is 1/2 of the length of the cutting shoot, water is sprayed in time after cutting, and the leaf surface of the cutting seedling is preferably moistened;
5) seedling stage management: placing the hole tray subjected to cuttage in the step 4) on the seedbed manufactured in the step 1); in the cutting rooting period, paving a sunshade net with 75 percent of sunshade rate on the seedling shed for sunshade; after more than 90% of the cuttings in the hole tray root, removing the sunshade net; after more than 95% of cutting slips in the aperture disk take roots, hardening seedlings; and the operations of irrigation, cooling, pesticide application, wind resistance and cold resistance are carefully managed in the whole seedling stage;
in this example, the rooting rate of the cuttage stevia rebaudiana is 99%;
in the embodiment, the refined stevia rebaudiana plug seedlings are completely transplanted with soil;
in this example, the survival rate of the transplanted stevia rebaudiana is 98%.
Example 3
A stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid areas comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) seedling bed construction of a seedling raising land: selecting gentle slope lands with flat terrain, good drainage, leeward and sunny exposure and good water conservancy condition to construct a seedling bed, paving a mulching film on the seedling bed, wherein the thickness of the mulching film is 0.25 silk meters, paving a ground heat line on the surface of the mulching film, erecting an air heating line and an automatic water spraying system above the mulching film, then building a wind-resistant seedling shed on the seedling bed, and paving a heat-insulating film on the wind-resistant seedling shed;
the wind-resistant seedling shed is formed by building wind-resistant fiber rods with the thickness of 6 mm, the width of the seedling shed is 1.9 m, the height of the seedling shed is 0.6 m, and the length of the seedling shed is 54 m, so that the wind-resistant seedling shed has good wind resistance, and the effect of preventing wind disasters is achieved.
In addition, the heat preservation film laid on the wind-resistant seedling shed is formed by laying a non-drop long-life film with the thickness of 6 silk meters, and has the advantages of long service life and good heat preservation effect.
In the wind-resistant seedling shed with the size, the laying width of the corresponding mulching film is 1.9 meters, six ground heating wires are laid on the mulching film, one air heating wire rack is arranged above the mulching film, and the ground height of each air heating wire is 25 cm.
2) Preparing the plug nutrient soil: taking the mixture of the mellow soil and the fine sand in a ratio of 1: 1 as main raw materials, adding 550g of microbial inoculum, 550g of monopotassium phosphate, 550g of fulvic acid and 110g of fenaminosulf into each cubic formula of nutrient soil, and uniformly mixing to obtain the plug nutrient soil.
3) Selecting a cutting ear: selecting strong growing, excellent-shape and disease-free stevia rebaudiana seedlings, and taking tender top branches of the strong growing, excellent-shape and disease-free stevia rebaudiana seedlings as cuttings, wherein the length of the tender top branches is about 5 cm;
4) cuttage: paving the hole tray nutrient soil prepared in the step 2) into a hole tray, compacting, thoroughly watering, and punching and cutting; wherein the cutting depth is 1/2 of the length of the cutting shoot, water is sprayed in time after cutting, and the leaf surface of the cutting seedling is preferably moistened;
5) seedling stage management: placing the hole tray subjected to cuttage in the step 4) on the seedbed manufactured in the step 1); in the cutting rooting period, paving a sunshade net with 75 percent of sunshade rate on the seedling shed for sunshade; after 95% of the cuttings in the hole tray root, removing the sunshade net; after more than 95% of cutting slips in the aperture disk take roots, hardening seedlings; and the operations of irrigation, cooling, pesticide application, wind resistance and cold resistance are carefully managed in the whole seedling stage;
in this example, the rooting rate of the cuttage stevia rebaudiana is 97%;
in the embodiment, the refined stevia rebaudiana plug seedlings are completely transplanted with soil;
in this example, the survival rate of the transplanted stevia rebaudiana was 99%.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid regions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) and (3) seedling bed construction of a seedling raising land: selecting a gentle slope land with flat terrain, good drainage, leeward and sunny exposure and good water conservancy condition to construct a seedling bed, paving a mulching film on the seedling bed, wherein the thickness of the mulching film is 0.25 silk meters, paving a ground heat line on the surface of the mulching film, erecting an air heating line and an automatic water spraying system above the mulching film, then building a wind-resistant seedling shed on the seedling bed, and paving a heat-insulating film on the wind-resistant seedling shed;
2) preparing the plug nutrient soil: taking the mixed mellow soil and fine sand in a ratio of 1: 1 as main raw materials, adding 550g of microbial inoculum 450-;
3) selecting a cutting ear: selecting strong seedlings of stevia rebaudiana which grow robustly and have excellent shape and no diseases, cutting off tender top branches of the strong seedlings for cutting, and taking the remaining branches of the top branches as cutting slips;
4) cuttage: paving the hole tray nutrient soil prepared in the step 2) into a hole tray, compacting, thoroughly watering, and punching and cutting; wherein the cutting depth is 1/3-1/2 of the length of the cutting shoot, water is sprayed in time after cutting, and the leaves of the cutting seedlings are preferably moistened;
5) seedling stage management: placing the hole tray subjected to cuttage in the step 4) on the seedbed manufactured in the step 1); in the cutting rooting period, paving a sunshade net with 75 percent of sunshade rate on the seedling shed for sunshade; after more than 85-90% of the cuttings in the hole tray root, removing the sunshade net; after more than 95% of cutting slips in the aperture disk take roots, hardening seedlings; and the operations of irrigation, cooling, pesticide application, wind resistance and cold resistance are carefully performed in the whole seedling management.
2. The stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid regions according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the wind-resistant seedling shed is built by wind-resistant fiber rods with the thickness of 6 mm, the width of the seedling shed is 1.9 meters, the height of the seedling shed is not more than 0.6 meter, and the length of the seedling shed is not more than 56 meters.
3. A stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid regions according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the heat preservation film is laid by a non-drop long-life film with the thickness of 6 silk meters.
4. A stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid regions according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), at least six geothermal wires are laid in the wind-resistant seedling shed, and at least one air heating wire is erected.
5. A stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid regions according to claim 4, wherein in the step 1), the height of the air heating line from the ground is 20-30 cm.
6. The stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for the alpine arid region according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein in the step 2), the streptomycin fradiae is adopted as the microbial agent.
7. The stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid regions according to claim 6, wherein in the step 5), the cold-resistant operation is: when the temperature outside the seedling shed is lower than minus 5 degrees, heating by using a ground heating wire and an air heating wire, and after heating, the temperature in the seedling shed is higher than minus 5 degrees.
8. The stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid regions according to claim 6, wherein in the step 5), the cooling operation is as follows:
a) when the temperature in the seedling shed is higher than 40 ℃, an automatic water spraying system is used for spraying water for cooling; stopping spraying water when the temperature in the seedling shed is lower than 40 ℃;
b) after the water is sprayed for cooling, the top of the heat insulation film is perforated when the temperature in the seedling shed is higher than 40 degrees and exceeds 1 hour.
9. A stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid regions according to claim 8, wherein in the step b), the diameter of the punched hole is 10 cm.
10. The stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid regions according to claim 6, wherein in the step 5), the wind-resistant operation is: before the sunshade net is taken off, the periphery of the sunshade net is used for sealing and compacting wet soil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010434830.0A CN111699850A (en) | 2020-05-19 | 2020-05-19 | Stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid area |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010434830.0A CN111699850A (en) | 2020-05-19 | 2020-05-19 | Stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid area |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111699850A true CN111699850A (en) | 2020-09-25 |
Family
ID=72537952
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010434830.0A Pending CN111699850A (en) | 2020-05-19 | 2020-05-19 | Stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid area |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111699850A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115152441A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-10-11 | 贵州中医药大学 | Cuttage propagation method for Miao medicine blumea balsamifera |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106613118A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-05-10 | 明光市大全甜叶菊专业合作社 | Stevia rebaudiana cutting seedling raising method |
| CN107548941A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-01-09 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | The raw Chinese tamarisk hardwood cutting and seedling raising method of one planting sand |
| CN107660438A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-02-06 | 潘均业 | Suitable for the fast breeding method of mountain area Camellia nitidissima |
| CN108718740A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-11-02 | 四川槐金生物科技有限公司 | Using mulch to the method for golden Chinese scholartree cuttage and seedling culture |
| CN110028357A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-07-19 | 张掖市福邦农业科技有限公司 | A kind of organic fertilizer of energy growth promotion disease prevention |
-
2020
- 2020-05-19 CN CN202010434830.0A patent/CN111699850A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106613118A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-05-10 | 明光市大全甜叶菊专业合作社 | Stevia rebaudiana cutting seedling raising method |
| CN107548941A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-01-09 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | The raw Chinese tamarisk hardwood cutting and seedling raising method of one planting sand |
| CN107660438A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-02-06 | 潘均业 | Suitable for the fast breeding method of mountain area Camellia nitidissima |
| CN108718740A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-11-02 | 四川槐金生物科技有限公司 | Using mulch to the method for golden Chinese scholartree cuttage and seedling culture |
| CN110028357A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-07-19 | 张掖市福邦农业科技有限公司 | A kind of organic fertilizer of energy growth promotion disease prevention |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 史玉群: "《绿枝扦插快速育苗实用技术》", 31 January 2008 * |
| 杨祖达: "《园林实践简明教程》", 31 August 2008 * |
| 郑先福: "《植物生长调节剂应用技术》", 30 September 2009 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115152441A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-10-11 | 贵州中医药大学 | Cuttage propagation method for Miao medicine blumea balsamifera |
| CN115152441B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-12-08 | 贵州中医药大学 | Cutting propagation method of blumea balsamifera serving as seedling medicine |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN100556276C (en) | Imitated wild breeding Ning hogfennel root and normalized planting method | |
| CN109618598B (en) | Method for prolonging harvesting life of sugarcane by repeatedly reseeding main stems of original seedlings of healthy sugarcane seedlings | |
| AU2020102400A4 (en) | Large-scale field planting method of Ficus tikoua Bureau in autumn | |
| CN105532242A (en) | Cultivation method for promoting growth of paeonia ostii seedlings and achieving out-planting ahead of time | |
| CN103704100A (en) | Method for quickly culturing stools of asparagus officinalis, promoting germination of tender stems and cultivating same of asparagus officinalis | |
| CN105210642A (en) | Control Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis rhizome cutting propagation to infect and the method improving planting benefit | |
| CN110073928A (en) | A kind of beet paper tube seedling raising and transplanting multiple cropping method | |
| CN106613142B (en) | Positive lotus implantation methods | |
| CN100388876C (en) | Five-finger fig root standarded and industrilized seed breeding planting method | |
| CN107821050A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of sweet potato leaves | |
| CN111699850A (en) | Stevia rebaudiana plug seedling method for alpine arid area | |
| CN107223512A (en) | It is a kind of view and admire with acer truncatum seedling breed and strong sprout method | |
| CN108391569A (en) | A kind of softening type chicory cultivation method of suitable In Nanjing | |
| CN109769566A (en) | A kind of Chinese toon dwarfing high-density planting methods | |
| CN113170707B (en) | Efficient seedling growing method for mesona blume virus-free seedlings and application of efficient seedling growing method | |
| CN112106601B (en) | Method for interplanting green manure in coastal saline-alkali soil orchard | |
| CN109452104B (en) | Mechanized production method of winter storage type open-field Chinese cabbage | |
| CN113229088A (en) | Drought-resistant cultivation method for spring soybean horizontal cropping furrow seeds | |
| CN109258363A (en) | A kind of planting equipment and its implantation methods improving paris polyphylla volume increase | |
| CN115486312B (en) | Two-stage seedling raising method for apocarya grafted seedlings in nutrition pot | |
| CN112655474B (en) | Yangxin tarragon direct seeding propagation method | |
| CN115362874B (en) | Planting method for interplanting honeysuckle with semen vaccariae | |
| CN102972199A (en) | High yield cultivation method for silvergrass in North China | |
| CN112655473B (en) | Efficient cultivation method for root-retaining regeneration of Yangxin artemisia huashi | |
| CN113519353B (en) | Yangxin lake wormwood-green manure rotation method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200925 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |