CN111685019A - Vegetation recovery method for coal gangue dump in mining area - Google Patents
Vegetation recovery method for coal gangue dump in mining area Download PDFInfo
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- CN111685019A CN111685019A CN202010580727.7A CN202010580727A CN111685019A CN 111685019 A CN111685019 A CN 111685019A CN 202010580727 A CN202010580727 A CN 202010580727A CN 111685019 A CN111685019 A CN 111685019A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000035040 seed growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000016140 Artemisia frigida Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000004573 Artemisia frigida Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000223025 Caragana microphylla Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000234643 Festuca arundinacea Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000727913 Parthenocissus tricuspidata Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000046146 Pueraria lobata Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010575 Pueraria lobata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000003461 Setaria viridis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002248 Setaria viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000000950 Hippophae rhamnoides Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003145 Hippophae rhamnoides Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000274177 Juniperus sabina Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 241001464837 Viridiplantae Species 0.000 abstract 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention specifically discloses a vegetation recovery method for a coal gangue dump in a mining area, which comprises the following steps: 1) excavating a spiral planting ditch around the whole mountain along the circumferential direction of the gangue dump; 2) spraying a soil acidic conditioning solution for neutralizing the acidity of the surface layer of the whole coal gangue dump to the coal gangue dump, and after one to two days after the spraying is finished, spraying water to the whole mountain body to flush the unneutralized residues on the mountain body; 3) laying a first planting soil layer to the bottom of the planting ditch, laying a pre-manufactured vegetation seed growth strip along the whole planting ditch, and covering a second planting soil layer above the vegetation seed growth strip in the planting ditch; 4) irrigating through an irrigation water pipe, stopping irrigating when the second planting soil layer is soaked, and irrigating again according to the humidity requirement in the later period; 5) and planting shrub or vine plants in the planting ditches in the planting season. The method can be widely used for the requirements of various mine vegetation recovery, and the construction cost of mine green plant reconstruction such as coal gangue dump and the like is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mine ecological restoration, in particular to a vegetation restoration method for a coal gangue dump in a mining area.
Background
According to relevant statistics, the coal gangue discharged by our country every year has hundreds of millions of tons, the quantity of the coal gangue piles reaches hundreds of millions of tons every year, and the occupied area is hundreds of thousands of hectares; a great amount of coal gangue is accumulated in a mining area to form a slag mountain. Under the action of precipitation leaching, weathering, migration and transformation, acidic substances, heavy metals and the like generated by the slag waste can be released into surrounding soil, water and biological environment, so that environmental pollution and ecological damage are caused. Therefore, the treatment of the coal gangue dump becomes an important task for the environmental treatment of the coal mining area, and has great significance for recovering the ecological environment of the mining area.
The vegetation restoration of the coal gangue dump is one of effective ways for treating the coal gangue dump. However, the green planting effect is poor due to neglect of nutrient deficiency and acidic environment conditions of the coal gangue hill in the current vegetation restoration of the coal gangue hill, and how to realize large-scale and standardized uniform planting on the coal gangue hill is a subject to be deeply discussed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provides a vegetation recovery method for a coal gangue dump in a mining area.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the vegetation recovery method for the coal gangue dump in the mining area comprises the following steps:
1) excavating a spiral planting ditch surrounding the whole mountain body along the circumferential direction of the coal gangue dump from the top of the coal gangue dump until the planting ditch is excavated to the position of a mountain foot;
2) spraying a soil acid conditioner solution for neutralizing the acidity of the surface layer of the coal gangue dump to the whole mountain body of the coal gangue dump, waiting for one to two days after the spraying is finished, and spraying water to the whole mountain body to flush the residual soil acid conditioner which is not neutralized and reacted on the mountain body;
3) laying a first planting soil layer on the bottom of the planting ditch, laying a pre-manufactured vegetation seed growth strip which contains an irrigation water pipe with a pipe body provided with water seepage holes, a nutrition soil layer and vegetation seeds along the whole planting ditch, and covering a second planting soil layer above the vegetation seed growth strip in the planting ditch;
4) irrigating through the irrigation water pipe, stopping irrigating when a second planting soil layer (5) above the vegetation seed growing strip is wetted by irrigation water, and irrigating again according to the humidity requirements of the first planting soil layer and the second planting soil layer in the later period;
5) and planting shrub or vine plants in the planting ditches in the planting season.
In above-mentioned step 3), vegetation seed growth strip includes irrigation pipe, irrigation pipe wraps up in the outside sponge water-storage layer that has, sets up outside the sponge water-storage layer nutrition soil layer, mix in the nutrition soil layer the vegetation seed, the nutrition soil layer wraps up in the outside parcel layer that permeates water.
The permeable wrapping layer is a geotextile layer which is sleeved and wrapped on the outer side of the nutrient soil layer.
The vegetation seed is one or more of Setaria viridis seed, Festuca arundinacea seed, Shacawang seed, Secale cereale seed, herba Medicaginis seed, and Artemisia frigida seed.
The shrub is one or more of herba Selaginellae Doederleinii, Caragana microphylla, and fructus Hippophae; the vine plant is Parthenocissus tricuspidata or Pueraria lobata.
In the step 3), a butt joint port for irrigation water supplement is arranged on the irrigation water pipe at a set interval, a valve is arranged on the butt joint port, and the butt joint port extends out of the vegetation seed growing strip, so that external irrigation water supplement can be conveniently butted; the butt joint is also used for connecting the sprinkler irrigation head, so that water for sprinkling irrigation is provided for the sprinkler irrigation head through an irrigation water pipe.
And a water seepage retarding layer coated on the surface of the irrigation water pipe is also arranged between the irrigation water pipe and the sponge water storage layer.
The water seepage retarding layer is a geotextile layer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the embodiment of the invention provides a method for recovering vegetation in a coal gangue dump in a mining area. The vegetation seed growth strips adopted by the invention can be produced in large quantity in a large-scale and standardized production mode, and nutrient soil layers and vegetation seeds can be conveniently configured in advance according to the specific requirements when different coal gangue hills are treated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a gangue dump with a dug planting trench according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a planting trench in which a vegetation seed growth strip is buried according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
A specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the invention provides a method for recovering vegetation in a coal gangue dump in a mining area, which includes the following steps:
1) excavating a spiral planting ditch 2 surrounding the whole mountain body along the circumferential direction of the coal gangue dump 1 from the top of the coal gangue dump 1 until the planting ditch 2 is excavated to the position of a mountain foot; the effect of planting ditch 2 not only lies in planting the plant wherein along its trend, an effect is exactly can make the rainwater follow the gangue massif and spiral the downward flow of planting ditch always to the mountain portion below along planting the ditch in heavy rain down, thereby the rainwater rivers that delay, slow down and erode, because rivers are slow, can make inside more rainwater infiltration massif, the effect of moist massif soil of playing that can be better, provide more moisture for the plant root, can make the plant more resistant drought when dry season, the local surface of mountain has also been avoided rivers directly to flow down and has been broken down from the massif simultaneously.
2) Spraying a soil acid conditioner solution for neutralizing the acidity of the surface layer of the coal gangue dump to the whole mountain body of the coal gangue dump, waiting for one to two days after the spraying is finished, and spraying water to the whole mountain body to flush the residual soil acid conditioner which is not neutralized and reacted on the mountain body; through using soil acid conditioner and the intrinsic acidity in whole coal gangue mountain 1 top layer and through the neutral water of pH valve to wash the massif, with remaining soil acid conditioner sanitization, can eliminate the acidic influence of the coal gangue mountain that receives in the plant growth, in the acid thing on coal gangue surface flowed into the planting ditch when can avoiding raining simultaneously, lead to the too big influence plant existence of acidity, growth.
3) Referring to fig. 3, a first planting soil layer 3 is laid at the bottom of the planting ditch 2, then a pre-manufactured irrigation water pipe 4-1, a nutrition soil layer 4-5 and a vegetation seed growth strip 4 are laid along the whole planting ditch 2, wherein the irrigation water pipe 4-1 comprises a pipe body provided with water seepage holes 4-2, and the vegetation seed growth strip 4 comprises vegetation seeds, and a second planting soil layer 5 covers the vegetation seed growth strip 4 in the planting ditch 2; the vegetation seed growth strips 4 are connected end to end in multiple sections, so that actual laying and transportation are facilitated.
4) Irrigating through the irrigation water pipe 4-1, stopping irrigating when a second planting soil layer 5 above the vegetation seed growing strip 4 is wetted by irrigation water, and irrigating again according to the humidity requirements of the first planting soil layer 3 and the second planting soil layer 5 in the later period;
5) and planting shrub or vine plants in the planting ditches 2 in the planting season.
Further, referring to fig. 3, in step 3), the vegetation seed growing strip 4 comprises the irrigation water pipe 4-1, the irrigation water pipe 4-1 is wrapped with a sponge water storage layer 4-3, the nutrient soil layer 4-5 is arranged outside the sponge water storage layer 4-3, the nutrient soil layer 4-5 is doped with the vegetation seeds, and the nutrient soil layer 4-5 is wrapped with a permeable wrapping layer 4-4.
Further, the permeable wrapping layer 4-4 is a geotextile layer which is sleeved and wrapped on the outer side of the nutrient soil layer 4-5. The wrapping protection through the work cloth layer can avoid the nutrient soil layer from being lost too fast under the action of flowing water and water seepage.
Further, the vegetation seeds are one or more of setaria viridis seeds, festuca arundinacea seeds, sambucus sargentodoxa seeds, secale cereale seeds, alfalfa seeds and artemisia frigida seeds.
Further, the shrub is one or more of sabina vulgaris, caragana microphylla, and sea buckthorn; the vine plant is Parthenocissus tricuspidata or Pueraria lobata.
Furthermore, a butt joint port for irrigation water replenishing is arranged on the irrigation water pipe 4-1 at a set interval, a valve is arranged on the butt joint port, and the butt joint port extends out of the vegetation seed growing strip 4, so that the butt joint of external irrigation water replenishing is facilitated, and the defect of insufficient irrigation water pressure caused by the fact that the irrigation water pipe is too long can be overcome; the docking port can also be used to connect a sprinkler head to provide sprinkler irrigation water to the sprinkler head through irrigation water line 4-1.
Furthermore, a water seepage slowing layer which is wrapped on the surface of the irrigation water pipe 4-1 is arranged between the irrigation water pipe 4-1 and the sponge water storage layer 4-3, and the water seepage slowing layer is a geotextile layer.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for recovering vegetation in a coal gangue dump in a mining area, which comprises the steps of digging a planting groove on the coal gangue dump, embedding a planting soil layer and a pre-manufactured vegetation seed growth strip containing an irrigation water pipe, a nutrient soil layer and vegetation seeds into the planting groove, planting shrubs or tendril plants in the planting soil layer, and irrigating the vegetation in the whole planting groove through the irrigation water pipe, so that the vegetation in the coal gangue dump is effectively recovered. The vegetation seed growth strips adopted by the invention can be produced in large quantity in a large-scale and standardized production mode, and nutrient soil layers and vegetation seeds can be conveniently configured in advance according to the specific requirements when different coal gangue hills are treated.
The above disclosure is only for a few specific embodiments of the present invention, however, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any variations that can be made by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The vegetation restoration method for the coal gangue dump in the mining area is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) excavating a spiral planting ditch (2) surrounding the whole mountain body from the top of the coal gangue dump (1) along the circumferential direction of the coal gangue dump (1) until the planting ditch (2) is excavated to the position of a mountain foot;
2) spraying a soil acid conditioner solution for neutralizing the acidity of the surface layer of the coal gangue dump to the whole mountain body of the coal gangue dump, waiting for one to two days after the spraying is finished, and spraying water to the whole mountain body to flush the residual soil acid conditioner which is not neutralized and reacted on the mountain body;
3) laying a first planting soil layer (3) at the bottom of the planting ditch (2), laying an irrigation water pipe (4-1) which is pre-manufactured and internally comprises a pipe body provided with water seepage holes (4-2), a nutrient soil layer (4-5) and a vegetation seed growth strip (4) of vegetation seeds along the whole planting ditch (2), and covering a second planting soil layer (5) above the vegetation seed growth strip (4) of the planting ditch (2);
4) irrigating through the irrigation water pipe (4-1), stopping irrigating when a second planting soil layer (5) above the vegetation seed growing strip (4) is wetted by irrigation water, and irrigating again according to the humidity requirements of the first planting soil layer (3) and the second planting soil layer (5) in the later period;
5) and planting shrubs or vines in the planting ditches (2) in the planting season.
2. The method for recovering the vegetation in the gangue dump in the mining area as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the vegetation seed growing strip (4) comprises the irrigation water pipe (4-1), the irrigation water pipe (4-1) is wrapped by a sponge aquifer (4-3), the nutrient soil layer (4-5) is arranged outside the sponge aquifer (4-3), the vegetation seeds are doped in the nutrient soil layer (4-5), and the nutrient soil layer (4-5) is wrapped by a permeable wrapping layer (4-4).
3. The method for recovering vegetation in the coal gangue dump of the mining area as claimed in claim 2, wherein the water permeable wrapping layer (4-4) is a geotextile layer which is sleeved and wrapped outside the nutrient soil layer (4-5).
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the vegetation seeds are one or more of setaria viridis seeds, festuca arundinacea seeds, sarcandra seeds, secale grass seeds, alfalfa seeds, artemisia frigida seeds.
5. The method for recovering vegetation in gangue dump of mining area as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 5), the shrub is one or more of sabina vulgaris, caragana microphylla and hippophae rhamnoides; the vine plant is Parthenocissus tricuspidata or Pueraria lobata.
6. The method for recovering vegetation in the gangue dump of the mining area as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 3), a butt joint port for irrigation and water supplement is arranged on the irrigation water pipe (4-1) at a set distance, a valve is arranged on the butt joint port, and the butt joint port extends out of the vegetation seed growing strip (4), so as to facilitate butt joint of external irrigation and water supplement; the docking port is also used to connect a sprinkler head to provide sprinkler irrigation water to the sprinkler head through an irrigation pipe (4-1).
7. The method for recovering the vegetation in the gangue dump in the mining area as claimed in claim 2, wherein a water seepage slowing layer coated on the surface of the irrigation water pipe (4-1) is further arranged between the irrigation water pipe (4-1) and the sponge water storage layer (4-3).
8. The method for recovering vegetation in the gangue dump of a mining area of claim 7, wherein the water seepage slowing layer is a geotextile layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010580727.7A CN111685019B (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Vegetation recovery method for coal gangue dump in mining area |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010580727.7A CN111685019B (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Vegetation recovery method for coal gangue dump in mining area |
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| CN111685019A true CN111685019A (en) | 2020-09-22 |
| CN111685019B CN111685019B (en) | 2021-10-08 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115182361A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-10-14 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Ecological restoration method for upper step of refuse dump |
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| CN110710409A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-21 | 阳泉煤业（集团）股份有限公司 | Vegetation recovery method for acid coal gangue dump |
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2020
- 2020-06-23 CN CN202010580727.7A patent/CN111685019B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19652276A1 (en) * | 1996-12-16 | 1998-06-18 | Pro Boden Wilm Schroer Gmbh | Verdant slope especially tip production |
| CN101519966A (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2009-09-02 | 赵平 | Method for comprehensively treating ecological environment of coal gangue hill |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115182361A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-10-14 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Ecological restoration method for upper step of refuse dump |
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