CN113207345B - Saline-alkali soil improvement method for salt discharge by covering sand pipes - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil improvement method for salt discharge by covering sand pipes Download PDFInfo
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- CN113207345B CN113207345B CN202110539797.2A CN202110539797A CN113207345B CN 113207345 B CN113207345 B CN 113207345B CN 202110539797 A CN202110539797 A CN 202110539797A CN 113207345 B CN113207345 B CN 113207345B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
Abstract
A saline-alkali soil improvement method for salt elimination by covering sand pipes relates to a physical salt elimination improvement method for saline-alkali soil, and belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement. The invention aims to solve the technical problems of clay blockage of water seepage holes on the pipe wall, environmental pollution, inconvenient transportation and arrangement and high manufacturing cost of two large types of underground pipes, namely a PVC water seepage pipe and a non-woven fabric steel wire pipe. The method comprises the following steps: burying horizontal and vertical sand pipes in the mixture of saline-alkali soil and sandy soil, wherein the horizontal and vertical sand pipes are orthogonal on the horizontal plane and intersect with the salt discharge sand pipe, the salt discharge sand pipe penetrates through the saline soil and intersects with an underground water layer, and the underground water layer is communicated with a salt discharge well; the horizontal vertical and horizontal sand pipes comprise vertical sand pipes, horizontal sand pipes and orthogonal points, wherein the vertical sand pipes and the horizontal sand pipes are orthogonal to the orthogonal points, and the salt discharge sand pipes are connected to the orthogonal points. The method not only solves the problem of hole penetration and blockage caused by the prior use of PVC water seepage pipes and non-woven fabric steel wire pipes, saves a large amount of materials, but also does not cause harm to the soil environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a physical salt elimination improvement method for saline-alkali soil, belonging to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement.
Background
The total area of the saline-alkali soil in China is 0.991 multiplied by 10 8 hm 2 Accounting for 7 percent of the total cultivated land area in China. The salinized farmland in China is mainly distributed in arid and semi-arid regions. In the area of Xinjiang, saline-alkali cultivated land occupies more than 30% of the total cultivated land area, while in the inner Mongolia area, the proportion of the cultivated land area damaged by saline-alkali occupying the total cultivated land area is up to 40%. China is one of the countries with extreme shortage of cultivated land resources in the world, and the cultivated land area per capita in the whole country is 0.1hm 2 Only 1/3 of the cultivated land area of the world per capita. In agricultural land of China, high-yield, medium-yield and low-yield fields account for about 1/3 of the land, and under the condition that reserved ploughable land resources are seriously insufficient, the transformation of the medium-yield and low-yield fields damaged by saline and alkaline and the reclamation planting of partial saline and alkaline lands are one of important ways for increasing the supply of grains and fibers and meeting the living needs of people.
Alkalization of soil refers to the process by which slime in soil is bound to sodium ions and gradually saturates. The higher the content of the dispersed clay in the soil, the more easily the soil becomes alkaline. The alkalized soil has low permeability, restricts the movement of water or gas in the soil, and affects the ability of the crop root system to extract water from the soil solution. The process of alkalizing soil is generally accompanied by a salination process. The salt content of the soil generally decreases gradually with increasing depth of the soil. In addition to natural factors, salinization mainly refers to a salinization process in which the groundwater level is raised under the action of human reclamation or irrigation, the salt in the groundwater is activated, and the salt in the groundwater is gradually moved up to a plough layer under the action of high-intensity transpiration. The more salt in the soil plough layer, the water potential difference inside and outside the root system of the crop is reduced, the availability ratio of the water in the soil is reduced, and the normal growth of the crop is influenced. In addition, the existence of excessive obligate ions such as sodium, chlorine and sulfate radicals in the soil can influence the absorption of other nutrient ions by crops, thereby generating physiological toxicity.
In arid and semi-arid regions, salt in soil is difficult to wash away due to insufficient rainfall all year round. Therefore, when the underground water level is high and the buried depth is shallow, the pipeline salt discharge technology is adopted to fulfill the aims of irrigation and salt washing. Otherwise, poor drainage will result in the rise of groundwater level, which will eventually cause soil salinization to occur. In order to reduce the harm of secondary salinization, the Dongying city of China is located in the yellow river delta area in the northern part of Shandong, and in order to solve the problems of land occupation, difficult scale formation and the like caused by open trench alkali discharge measures. And a concealed pipe drainage system is introduced, and 13 ten thousand mu of barren land and medium and low-yield field are improved and treated by applying a concealed pipe alkali discharge technology, so that remarkable effect is achieved.
The current common concealed pipes comprise two types of PVC water seepage pipes and non-woven fabric steel wire pipes. The PVC water seepage pipe is a water drainage pipe made of PVC, a thread-shaped groove is processed on the pipe wall, and a water seepage hole is arranged at the bottom of the groove and used as a salt drainage pipe. However, the concealed pipe has four problems to be solved: firstly, the clay blocks the water seepage holes on the pipe wall in the water seepage process, so that the salt discharge function is lost; secondly, because the materials used by the concealed conduit are not from the soil, the soil environment is damaged by a large amount of use; thirdly, the concealed pipe is still inconvenient in the transportation and arrangement process; fourthly, the two concealed pipes have higher manufacturing cost and cost a large amount of capital for using the two concealed pipes in large quantity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of clay blockage of water seepage holes on the pipe wall, environmental pollution, inconvenient transportation and arrangement and high manufacturing cost of two main types of underground pipes, namely a PVC water seepage pipe and a non-woven fabric steel wire pipe, and provides a saline-alkali soil improvement method for discharging salt by covering a sand pipe.
The saline-alkali soil improvement method for removing salt by covering a sand pipe is carried out according to the following steps:
burying horizontal and vertical sand pipes in the mixture of saline-alkali soil and sandy soil, wherein the horizontal and vertical sand pipes are orthogonal on the horizontal plane and intersect with the salt discharge sand pipe, the salt discharge sand pipe penetrates through the saline soil and intersects with an underground water layer, and the underground water layer is communicated with a salt discharge well;
the salt discharge sand pipe consists of an upper cover, a lower cover and a side skin, and sand is filled in the salt discharge sand pipe;
the horizontal vertical and horizontal sand pipes and the salt discharge sand pipes are arranged in an orthogonal mode;
the horizontal vertical and horizontal sand pipes comprise vertical sand pipes, horizontal sand pipes and orthogonal points, wherein the vertical sand pipes and the horizontal sand pipes are orthogonal to the orthogonal points, and the salt discharge sand pipes are connected to the orthogonal points;
when raining or irrigating, water can firstly permeate into a saline-alkali soil and sandy soil mixture, then permeate into the horizontal-surface vertical and horizontal sand pipes through the contact surfaces of the saline-alkali soil and sandy soil mixture and the horizontal-surface vertical and horizontal sand pipes, then permeate into the salt discharge sand pipes through the orthogonal points of the contact surfaces of the horizontal-surface vertical and horizontal sand pipes and the salt discharge sand pipes, then permeate into an underground water layer through the salt discharge sand pipes, and then permeate into the salt discharge well through the underground water layer, so that a compact clay layer in the salinized soil 4 is avoided, finally, water containing excessive salt in the salt discharge well is transferred, and the salt in the soil is washed.
The upper cover, the lower cover and the side leather are made of packing paper with a strong structure.
The sand is coarse sand with the particle size of more than 0.5 mm.
The longitudinal sand pipe and the transverse sand pipe are made of packing paper with a strong structure.
Coarse sand with the grain diameter larger than 0.5 mm is filled in the longitudinal sand pipe and the transverse sand pipe.
The salt-removing sand pipe and the horizontal plane vertical and horizontal sand pipe adopt a paper winder to fill sand into the paper cylinder, and the two ends of the paper cylinder are sealed.
The salt-removing sand pipe adopts an adhesive to roll sand into a packing paper with a stronger structure or a material with higher tensile strength and easy deliquescence and is adhered to prepare the sand pipe.
The saline-alkali soil improvement method for removing salt by covering a sand pipe is carried out according to the following steps:
burying a first horizontal sand pipe, a second horizontal sand pipe and a third horizontal sand pipe in a mixture of saline-alkali soil and sandy soil, wherein the first horizontal sand pipe, the second horizontal sand pipe and the third horizontal sand pipe are orthogonal to a second orthogonal point on a horizontal plane and are intersected with a salt discharge sand pipe, the salt discharge sand pipe is connected to the second orthogonal point, the salt discharge sand pipe penetrates through the saline soil and is intersected with an underground water layer, and the underground water layer is communicated with a salt discharge well;
the salt discharge sand pipe consists of an upper cover, a lower cover and a side skin, and sand is filled in the salt discharge sand pipe;
the first horizontal sand pipe, the second horizontal sand pipe, the third horizontal sand pipe and the salt discharge sand pipe are arranged in a converging manner;
when raining or irrigating, water firstly permeates into the saline-alkali soil and sand soil mixture, then permeates into the first horizontal sand pipe, the second horizontal sand pipe and the third horizontal sand pipe through the saline-alkali soil and sand soil mixture and the contact surface of the first horizontal sand pipe, the second horizontal sand pipe and the third horizontal sand pipe, then permeates into the salt discharge sand pipe through a second orthogonal point of the contact surface of the first horizontal sand pipe, the second horizontal sand pipe, the third horizontal sand pipe and the salt discharge sand pipe, then permeates into an underground water layer through the salt discharge sand pipe, then permeates into a salt discharge well through the underground water layer, finally water with excessive salt in the salt discharge well is transferred, and the salt in the soil is washed.
The angle of every two adjacent sand pipes in the first horizontal plane sand pipe, the second horizontal plane sand pipe and the third horizontal plane sand pipe is 60 degrees.
The first horizontal sand pipe, the second horizontal sand pipe and the third horizontal sand pipe are made of packing paper with a stronger structure or materials with higher tensile strength and easy deliquescence; coarse sand with the particle size larger than 0.5 mm is filled in the first horizontal sand pipe, the second horizontal sand pipe and the third horizontal sand pipe.
And the first horizontal sand pipe, the second horizontal sand pipe, the third horizontal sand pipe and the salt discharge sand pipe adopt a paper winder to load sand into a paper cylinder, and two ends of the paper cylinder are sealed.
The upper cover, the lower cover and the side leather are made of packing paper with a stronger structure; the sand is coarse sand with the particle size of more than 0.5 mm. According to the actual condition of the salinized soil, the burial depth is determined firstly, the length of the salt discharge sand pipe is determined according to the known actual depth of a water layer under the salinized soil from the ground, and the specific gravity and the thickness of a mixture of the salinized soil and the sand soil, the distance between the embedded longitudinal and transverse pipes, the thickness of the salt discharge sand pipe and the number of the salt discharge sand pipes are determined according to the water permeability rate required by planting plants on the ground.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the salt discharge sand pipe adopted by the invention has the advantages of surface contact and surface permeation with the saline soil, not only increases the permeation area, but also avoids the defect of clay blockage easily caused by hole permeation. The upper cover, the lower cover and the leather measuring package of the salt discharge sand pipe are made of paper packaging materials, so that the price of the sand pipe is reduced, and after the sand pipe is buried in soil, the paper packaging materials are subjected to water permeation due to the moisture of the soil, so that the salt discharge sand pipe and the soil are integrated, and the soil environment is not damaged. The sand tube is manufactured by filling sand into the paper tube by adopting a simple paper winding machine, and the two ends of the paper tube are sealed, so that the price of the whole engineering material is reduced; during the burying and laying process of the sand pipe, a soil ditcher and a drilling machine can be adopted, so that the laying process is simplified. By adopting the method, the drainage process can be completed step by step, and finally the water permeates downwards to the underground water layer to hide a clay impermeable layer below the saline soil, and finally the water with excessive salt in the salt discharge well is transferred to achieve the effect of washing off the salt in the soil, so that the secondary salinization is effectively inhibited, and the normal growth and development of the cultivated plants are ensured.
The sand pipe salt elimination method has good effect on saline-alkali soil improvement, solves the problem of hole permeation and blockage caused by the use of PVC infiltration pipes and non-woven fabric steel wire pipes in the prior art, saves a large amount of materials, does not cause harm to the soil environment, and has important significance on the durable protection of the soil environment. In addition, the mechanical and automatic sand pipe burying and salt discharging can be easily realized, and a good foundation is laid for the large-area popularization of sand pipe salt discharging and the improvement of saline-alkali soil, so that a powerful means is provided for solving the utilization of saline-alkali soil in China, and huge ecological, economic and social benefits can be created.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a sand pipe covering method for improving saline-alkali soil by covering the sand pipe for salt discharge;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an orthogonal arrangement of an underground sand pipe and a salt discharge pipe network;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a convergent arrangement of an underground sand pipe salt discharge pipe network;
fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the salt discharge sand pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, but includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: the saline-alkali soil improvement method for salt discharge by covering a sand pipe in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
burying horizontal vertical and horizontal sand pipes 2 in a saline-alkali soil and sand soil mixture 1, wherein the horizontal vertical and horizontal sand pipes 2 are orthogonal on a horizontal plane and are intersected with a salt discharge sand pipe 3, the salt discharge sand pipe 3 penetrates through saline soil 4 to be intersected with an underground water layer 5, and the underground water layer 5 is communicated with a salt discharge well 6;
the horizontal sand pipes 2 comprise vertical sand pipes 2-1, horizontal sand pipes 2-2 and orthogonal points 2-3, wherein the vertical sand pipes 2-1 and the horizontal sand pipes 2-2 are orthogonal to the orthogonal points 2-3, and the salt discharge sand pipes 3 are connected to the orthogonal points 2-3; the salt discharge sand pipe 3 consists of an upper cover 3-1, a lower cover 3-2 and a side skin 3-3, and sand 3-4 is filled in the salt discharge sand pipe;
the horizontal vertical and horizontal sand pipes 2 and the salt discharge sand pipes 3 are arranged in an orthogonal mode;
when raining or irrigating, water firstly permeates into a saline-alkali soil and sandy soil mixture 1, then permeates into a horizontal plane vertical and horizontal sand pipe 2 through the contact surface of the saline-alkali soil and sandy soil mixture 1 and the horizontal plane vertical and horizontal sand pipe 2, then permeates into a salt discharge sand pipe 3 through orthogonal points 2-3 of the contact surface of the horizontal plane vertical and horizontal sand pipe 2 and the salt discharge sand pipe 3, then permeates into a groundwater layer 5 through the salt discharge sand pipe 3, and then permeates into a salt discharge well 6 through the groundwater layer 5, so that a compact clay layer in salinized soil 4 is avoided, finally, water with excessive salt in the salt discharge well 6 is transferred, and the salt in the soil is washed.
The second embodiment is as follows: the difference between the embodiment and the specific embodiment is that the upper cover 3-1, the lower cover 3-2 and the side leather 3-3 are made of wrapping paper with a strong structure. And the sand 3-4 is coarse sand with the particle size of more than 0.5 mm. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that the longitudinal sand pipe 2-1 and the transverse sand pipe 2-2 are made of packing paper with a stronger structure. Coarse sand with the grain diameter larger than 0.5 mm is filled in the longitudinal sand pipe 2-1 and the transverse sand pipe 2-2. The rest is the same as the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode is as follows: the difference between the embodiment and one of the first to third embodiments is that the salt-removing sand pipe 3 and the horizontal and vertical sand pipe 2 adopt a paper winding machine to fill sand into a paper cylinder, and both ends are sealed. The rest is the same as one of the first to third embodiments.
The fifth concrete implementation mode is as follows: the difference between the embodiment and one of the first to the fourth embodiments is that the salt discharge sand pipe (3) adopts an adhesive to roll sand into a packing paper with a stronger structure or a material with higher tensile strength and easy deliquescence and is bonded to form the sand pipe. The rest is the same as one of the first to fourth embodiments.
The sixth specific implementation mode is as follows: the saline-alkali soil improvement method for salt discharge by covering a sand pipe in the embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:
burying a first horizontal sand pipe 2-4, a second horizontal sand pipe 2-5 and a third horizontal sand pipe 2-6 in a saline-alkali soil and sand soil mixture 1, wherein the first horizontal sand pipe 2-4, the second horizontal sand pipe 2-5 and the third horizontal sand pipe 2-6 are orthogonal to a second orthogonal point 2-7 on a horizontal plane and are intersected with a salt discharge sand pipe 3, the salt discharge sand pipe 3 is connected to the second orthogonal point 2-7, the salt discharge sand pipe 3 penetrates through saline soil 4 to be intersected with an underground water layer 5, and the underground water layer 5 is communicated with a salt discharge well 6;
the salt discharge sand pipe 3 consists of an upper cover 3-1, a lower cover 3-2 and a side skin 3-3, and sand 3-4 is filled in the salt discharge sand pipe;
the first horizontal sand pipe 2-4, the second horizontal sand pipe 2-5, the third horizontal sand pipe 2-6 and the salt discharge sand pipe 3 are arranged in a converging manner;
when raining or irrigating, water firstly permeates into the saline-alkali soil and sand mixture 1, then permeates into the first horizontal sand pipe 2-4, the second horizontal sand pipe 2-5 and the third horizontal sand pipe 2-6 through the saline-alkali soil and sand mixture 1 and the contact surface of the first horizontal sand pipe 2-4, the second horizontal sand pipe 2-5 and the third horizontal sand pipe 2-6, then permeates into the salt discharge sand pipe 3 through the first horizontal sand pipe 2-4, the second horizontal sand pipe 2-5, the second horizontal sand pipe 2-6 and the contact surface of the salt discharge sand pipe 3, namely the second orthogonal point 2-7, then permeates into the underground water layer 5 through the salt discharge sand pipe 3, then permeates into the salt discharge well 6 through the underground water layer 5, and finally the salt in the salt discharge well 6 is transferred through much water, so that the salt in the soil is washed.
The seventh embodiment: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to sixth embodiments is that the angle of every two adjacent sand pipes in the first, second and third horizontal sand pipes 2-4, 2-5 and 2-6 is 60 degrees. The rest is the same as one of the first to sixth embodiments.
The specific implementation mode eight: the difference between the first horizontal sand pipe 2-4, the second horizontal sand pipe 2-5 and the third horizontal sand pipe 2-6 in the present embodiment and the first to seventh embodiments is that the first horizontal sand pipe 2-4, the second horizontal sand pipe 2-5 and the third horizontal sand pipe 2-6 are made of wrapping paper with stronger structure or materials with higher tensile strength and easy deliquescence; coarse sand with the particle size larger than 0.5 mm is filled in the first horizontal sand pipe 2-4, the second horizontal sand pipe 2-5 and the third horizontal sand pipe 2-6. The rest is the same as one of the first to seventh embodiments.
The specific implementation method nine: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to eighth embodiments is that the first horizontal sand pipe 2-4, the second horizontal sand pipe 2-5, the third horizontal sand pipe 2-6 and the salt discharge sand pipe 3 are wound into a paper tube by a winder, and both ends are sealed. The rest is the same as one of the first to seventh embodiments.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the difference between the embodiment and one of the first to ninth embodiments is that the upper cover 3-1, the lower cover 3-2 and the side cover 3-3 are made of wrapping paper with a stronger structure; and the sand 3-4 is coarse sand with the particle size of more than 0.5 mm. The rest is the same as one of the first to seventh embodiments.
The following experiments are adopted to verify the effect of the invention:
experiment one:
the saline-alkali soil improvement method for removing salt by covering a sand pipe with the combination of the figure 1, the figure 2 and the figure 4 is carried out according to the following steps:
burying horizontal vertical and horizontal sand pipes 2 in a saline-alkali soil and sand soil mixture 1, wherein the horizontal vertical and horizontal sand pipes 2 are orthogonal on a horizontal plane and are intersected with a salt discharge sand pipe 3, the salt discharge sand pipe 3 penetrates through saline soil 4 to be intersected with an underground water layer 5, and the underground water layer 5 is communicated with a salt discharge well 6;
the horizontal sand pipes 2 comprise vertical sand pipes 2-1, horizontal sand pipes 2-2 and orthogonal points 2-3, wherein the vertical sand pipes 2-1 and the horizontal sand pipes 2-2 are orthogonal to the orthogonal points 2-3, and the salt discharge sand pipes 3 are connected to the orthogonal points 2-3;
the salt discharge sand pipe 3 consists of an upper cover 3-1, a lower cover 3-2, a side skin 3-3 and sand 3-4;
when raining or irrigating, water firstly permeates into a saline-alkali soil and sandy soil mixture 1, then permeates into a horizontal plane vertical and horizontal sand pipe 2 through the contact surface of the saline-alkali soil and sandy soil mixture 1 and the horizontal plane vertical and horizontal sand pipe 2, then permeates into a salt discharge sand pipe 3 through orthogonal points 2-3 of the contact surface of the horizontal plane vertical and horizontal sand pipe 2 and the salt discharge sand pipe 3, then permeates into a groundwater layer 5 through the salt discharge sand pipe 3, and then permeates into a salt discharge well 6 through the groundwater layer 5, so that a compact clay layer in salinized soil 4 is avoided, finally, water with excessive salt in the salt discharge well 6 is transferred, and the salt in the soil is washed.
The upper cover 3-1, the lower cover 3-2 and the side leather 3-3 are made of packing paper with a strong structure.
And the sand 3-4 is coarse sand with the particle size of more than 0.5 mm.
The longitudinal sand pipe 2-1 and the transverse sand pipe 2-2 are made of packing paper with a strong structure.
Coarse sand with the grain diameter larger than 0.5 mm is filled in the longitudinal sand pipe 2-1 and the transverse sand pipe 2-2.
The salt discharge sand pipe 3 and the horizontal plane vertical and horizontal sand pipe 2 adopt a paper winder to fill sand into a paper cylinder, and the two ends are sealed.
On the basis of solving the problem of hole penetration and blockage caused by the conventional PVC water seepage pipe and non-woven fabric steel wire pipe, saving a large amount of materials, causing no harm to the soil environment and having important significance on the durable protection of the soil environment, the saline soil can create good soil conditions for the survival and growth of plants through sand pipe penetration, so that secondary salinization of the soil can be effectively inhibited, and the normal growth and development of cultivated plants are ensured. The sand pipe manufacturing and covering technology in the sand pipe salt elimination technology can easily realize mechanization and automation, thereby laying a good foundation for large-area popularization of the sand pipe salt elimination technology and improvement of saline-alkali soil, providing a powerful means for solving the problem of utilization of saline-alkali soil in China, being beneficial to solving the current situation of more and more shortage of cultivated land resources in China, and creating huge ecological, economic and social benefits.
Claims (4)
1. The saline-alkali soil improvement method for removing salt through covering a sand pipe is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
burying horizontal vertical and horizontal sand pipes (2) in a saline-alkali soil and sand soil mixture (1), wherein the horizontal vertical and horizontal sand pipes (2) are orthogonal on the horizontal plane and are intersected with a salt discharge sand pipe (3), the salt discharge sand pipe (3) penetrates through saline soil (4) and is intersected with an underground water layer (5), and the underground water layer (5) is communicated with a salt discharge well (6);
the horizontal plane vertical and horizontal sand pipes (2) comprise vertical sand pipes (2-1), horizontal sand pipes (2-2) and orthogonal points (2-3), wherein the vertical sand pipes (2-1) and the horizontal sand pipes (2-2) are orthogonal to the orthogonal points (2-3), and the salt discharge sand pipes (3) are connected to the orthogonal points (2-3);
the salt discharge sand pipe (3) consists of an upper cover (3-1), a lower cover (3-2) and a side skin (3-3), and sand (3-4) is filled in the salt discharge sand pipe;
the horizontal vertical and horizontal sand pipes (2) and the salt discharge sand pipes (3) are arranged in an orthogonal mode;
when raining or irrigating, water firstly permeates into the saline-alkali soil and sand mixture (1), then permeates into the horizontal vertical and horizontal sand pipes (2) through the contact surfaces of the saline-alkali soil and sand mixture (1) and the horizontal vertical and horizontal sand pipes (2), then downwards permeates into the salt discharge sand pipes (3) through orthogonal points (2-3) of the contact surfaces of the horizontal vertical and horizontal sand pipes (2) and the salt discharge sand pipes (3), then permeates into an underground water layer (5) through the salt discharge sand pipes (3), then permeates into the salt discharge well (6) through the underground water layer (5), and finally water with excessive salt in the salt discharge well (6) is transferred, so that the salt in the soil is washed;
the upper cover (3-1), the lower cover (3-2) and the side leather (3-3) are made of packaging paper with a strong structure; the sand (3-4) is coarse sand with the particle size of more than 0.5 mm;
the longitudinal sand pipe (2-1) and the transverse sand pipe (2-2) are made of packing paper with a stronger structure or materials with higher tensile strength and easy deliquescence; coarse sand with the grain diameter larger than 0.5 mm is filled in the longitudinal sand pipe (2-1) and the transverse sand pipe (2-2).
2. The method for improving the saline-alkali soil by arranging the sand pipes in the covered mode according to claim 1, wherein the sand pipes (3) for discharging the salt and the horizontal vertical and horizontal sand pipes (2) for discharging the salt are used for filling sand into a paper cylinder by a paper winder, and two ends of the paper cylinder are sealed.
3. The method for improving saline-alkali soil by covering a sand pipe and discharging salt as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sand pipe (3) for discharging salt is made by wrapping sand with a binder into a packing paper having a relatively strong structure or a material having a relatively high tensile strength and being easily deliquesced and bonded to form a sand pipe.
4. The saline-alkali soil improvement method for removing salt through covering a sand pipe is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
burying a first horizontal sand pipe (2-4), a second horizontal sand pipe (2-5) and a third horizontal sand pipe (2-6) in a saline-alkali soil and sand soil mixture (1), wherein the first horizontal sand pipe (2-4), the second horizontal sand pipe (2-5) and the third horizontal sand pipe (2-6) are orthogonal to a second orthogonal point (2-7) on a horizontal plane and are intersected with a salt discharge sand pipe (3), the salt discharge sand pipe (3) is connected to the second orthogonal point (2-7), the salt discharge sand pipe (3) penetrates through the saline soil (4) and is intersected with an underground water layer (5), and the underground water layer (5) is communicated with a salt discharge well (6);
the salt discharge sand pipe (3) consists of an upper cover (3-1), a lower cover (3-2) and a side skin (3-3), and sand (3-4) is filled in the salt discharge sand pipe;
the first horizontal sand pipe (2-4), the second horizontal sand pipe (2-5), the third horizontal sand pipe (2-6) and the salt discharge sand pipe (3) are arranged in a converging manner;
when raining or irrigating, water firstly permeates into the saline-alkali soil and sand soil mixture (1), then permeates into the first horizontal sand pipe (2-4), the second horizontal sand pipe (2-5) and the third horizontal sand pipe (2-6) through the contact surface of the saline-alkali soil and sand soil mixture (1), the first horizontal sand pipe (2-4), the second horizontal sand pipe (2-5) and the third horizontal sand pipe (2-6), then permeates into the salt discharge sand pipe (3) through a second orthogonal point (2-7) of the contact surface of the first horizontal sand pipe (2-4), the second horizontal sand pipe (2-5), the third horizontal sand pipe (2-6) and the salt discharge sand pipe (3), then permeates into the underground water layer (5) through the underground water layer (5) and finally permeates into the salt discharge well (6), and finally, the water in the salt discharge well (6) is transferred, namely, the salt in the saline soil is washed;
the angle of every two adjacent sand pipes in the first horizontal plane sand pipe (2-4), the second horizontal plane sand pipe (2-5) and the third horizontal plane sand pipe (2-6) is 60 degrees;
the first horizontal sand pipe (2-4), the second horizontal sand pipe (2-5) and the third horizontal sand pipe (2-6) are made of packing paper with a stronger structure or materials with higher tensile strength and easy deliquescence; coarse sand with the particle size larger than 0.5 mm is filled in the first horizontal sand pipe (2-4), the second horizontal sand pipe (2-5) and the third horizontal sand pipe (2-6);
the first horizontal sand pipe (2-4), the second horizontal sand pipe (2-5), the third horizontal sand pipe (2-6) and the salt discharge sand pipe (3) adopt a paper winder to fill sand into the paper cylinder, and the two ends of the paper cylinder are sealed;
the upper cover (3-1), the lower cover (3-2) and the side leather (3-3) are made of packaging paper with a strong structure; the sand (3-4) is coarse sand with the particle size of more than 0.5 mm.
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| CN115443753B (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-07-14 | 宁夏地龙盛海降水工程有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil dewatering method and system |
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