CN111675792A - 一种织物用多功能螯合分散保护胶体及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种织物用多功能螯合分散保护胶体及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111675792A
CN111675792A CN202010594271.XA CN202010594271A CN111675792A CN 111675792 A CN111675792 A CN 111675792A CN 202010594271 A CN202010594271 A CN 202010594271A CN 111675792 A CN111675792 A CN 111675792A
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pure water
protective colloid
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庄育盛
杨中新
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Guangdong Chuanhua Fulian Fine Chemical Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开一种织物用多功能螯合分散保护胶体，按质量份计，包括以下原料：马来酸酐10‑15份，丙烯酸15‑20份，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮‑K30 1‑5份，过硫酸钠1‑5份，烧碱15‑20份，葡萄糖酸钠0.1‑0.5份，50％双氧水0.1‑0.5份，二乙二醇1‑5份，纯水40‑55份。本发明的制备方法简单，制得的产品可广泛用于配制前处理精练除油剂、络合剂，也可用于活性皂洗剂，匀染剂等。

Description

一种织物用多功能螯合分散保护胶体及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种织物用多功能螯合分散保护胶体及其制备方法，属于纺织助剂领域。
背景技术
活性染料具有色谱全、色泽鲜艳、价格适宜和简单易配色等优点，广泛应用于纤维素纤维的染色和印花等。在高温碱性染色浴和洗涤中，活性染料和纤维素纤维键合时不可避免的发生水解反应会造成浮色，影响染色织物色泽鲜艳度和色牢度，因而染色后需经过充分皂洗和固色，因此开发一款能提高洗水牢度和泡水牢度的皂洗剂，去除浮色的产品势在必行。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术存在的问题，本发明提供一种织物用多功能螯合分散保护胶体及其制备方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的一种织物用多功能螯合分散保护胶体，按质量份计，包括以下原料：马来酸酐10-15份，丙烯酸15-20份，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-K301-5份，过硫酸钠1-5份，烧碱15-20份，葡萄糖酸钠0.1-0.5份，50％双氧水0.1-0.5份，二乙二醇1-5份，纯水40-55份。
作为改进，按质量份计，包括以下原料：马来酸酐10-15份，丙烯酸15-20份，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-K302-4份，过硫酸钠1-3份，烧碱15-20份，葡萄糖酸钠0.1-0.4份，50％双氧水0.2-0.5份，二乙二醇2-5份，纯水40-52份。
另外，本发明还提供了一种所述织物用多功能螯合分散保护胶体的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)在反应锅中加入配方量的马来酸酐和纯水总量的15-25％，升温至40-50℃搅拌溶解20-40min，然后慢慢滴加由烧碱总量40％-60％与纯水总量的15％-20％混合制成的烧碱液1#；
2)升温至60-70℃，加入配方量的葡萄糖酸钠和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-K30，搅拌到物料完全溶解，继续升温至65-75℃时先加入丙烯酸总量的15％-20％，再加入由过硫酸钠总量25％-35％与纯水总量5％-15％混合制成的过硫酸钠1#溶液，继续升温至90℃-95℃保温反应0.5-1.5h；
3)同时滴加由余量过硫酸钠与纯水总量5％-15％混合制成的过硫酸钠2#及余量丙烯酸，控制温度在90-95℃，滴加时间为1-2小时，滴加完后在90-95℃保温反应3-5h；
4)降温到60-70℃，开始滴加由余量烧碱与余量纯水混合制成的烧碱液2#，滴完后降温至60℃，加入配方量的双氧水，搅拌10分钟，继续降温至40℃加入配方量的二乙二醇，即得多功能螯合分散保护胶体。
最后，本发明还提供了一种所述织物用多功能螯合分散保护胶体的应用。
本发明的反应结构式：
Figure BDA0002556889870000021
作用机理：本发明由马来酸酐与丙烯酸、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-K30按一定比例三元共聚制得，现时该产品以二元共聚居多，三元共聚相比二元共聚来说，在分散性能及防沾性能有大大的提升，同时具有很强的螯合性能及保护胶体作用，可以在匀染剂、皂洗剂、精练剂产品配方里得到广泛的应用。
有益效果是：
1)本发明的制备方法简单，制得的产品可广泛用于配制前处理精练除油剂、络合剂，也可用于活性皂洗剂，匀染剂等。
2)本发明是基于丙烯酸及多种高分子聚合物共聚而成，可用于棉和棉混纺织物的前处理助剂、染色和后皂洗后的多功能助剂，具有极强螯合分散作用和良好的保护胶体作用，能有效改善颜色匀染性、色牢度、得色量，减少色花和色斑，增强颜色的重现性，是前处理助剂的万金油。
附图说明
图1为本发明中活性匀染剂的分步上染工艺，于(A、B、C、D、E、F、G)取样板，A不加盐不加碱，B加盐不加碱，C、D、E、F、G加盐加碱；
图2为本发明作为活性匀染剂分步上染的匀染性对比效果图；
图3为本发明在活性防沾色皂洗剂215A中的防沾色效果图；
图4为本发明在活性防沾色皂洗剂215A中的大红水洗牢度测试结果图；
图5为本发明在通用型精练除油剂HF中的应用对比图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明了，下面对本发明进行进一步详细说明。但是应该理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限制本发明的范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术术语和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同，本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。若无特别说明，本发明所采用的各原料均可通过市场购买得到。
实施例1
一种织物用多功能螯合分散保护胶体，按质量份计，包括以下原料：马来酸酐10份，丙烯酸15份，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-K302份，过硫酸钠2份，烧碱16份，葡萄糖酸钠0.31份，50％双氧水0.41份，二乙二醇2份，纯水51.28份；
所述织物用多功能螯合分散保护胶体的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)在反应锅中加入配方量的马来酸酐和纯水总量的15％，升温至40℃搅拌溶解20min，然后慢慢滴加由烧碱总量40％与纯水总量的15％混合制成的烧碱液1#；
2)升温至60℃，加入配方量的葡萄糖酸钠和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-K30，搅拌到物料完全溶解，继续升温至65℃时先加入丙烯酸总量的15％，再加入由过硫酸钠总量25％与纯水总量5％混合制成的过硫酸钠1#溶液，继续升温至90℃保温反应0.5h；
3)同时滴加由余量过硫酸钠与纯水总量5％混合制成的过硫酸钠2#及余量丙烯酸，控制温度在90℃，滴加时间为1小时，滴加完后在90℃保温反应3h；
4)降温到60℃，开始滴加由余量烧碱与余量纯水混合制成的烧碱液2#，滴完后降温至60℃，加入配方量的双氧水，搅拌10分钟，继续降温至40℃加入配方量的二乙二醇，即得多功能螯合分散保护胶体。
实施例2
一种织物用多功能螯合分散保护胶体，按质量份计，包括以下原料：马来酸酐12份，丙烯酸18份，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-K303份，过硫酸钠3份，烧碱18份，葡萄糖酸钠0.35份，50％双氧水0.45份，二乙二醇3份，纯水42.2份。
所述织物用多功能螯合分散保护胶体的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)在反应锅中加入配方量的马来酸酐和纯水总量的20％，升温至45℃搅拌溶解30min，然后慢慢滴加由烧碱总量50％与纯水总量的20％混合制成的烧碱液1#；
2)升温至65℃，加入配方量的葡萄糖酸钠和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-K30，搅拌到物料完全溶解，继续升温至70℃时先加入丙烯酸总量的20％，再加入由过硫酸钠总量30％与纯水总量10％混合制成的过硫酸钠1#溶液，继续升温至95℃保温反应1h；
3)同时滴加由余量过硫酸钠与纯水总量10％混合制成的过硫酸钠2#及余量丙烯酸，控制温度在95℃，滴加时间为1.5小时，滴加完后在95℃保温反应4h；
4)降温到65℃，开始滴加由余量烧碱与余量纯水混合制成的烧碱液2#，滴完后降温至60℃，加入配方量的双氧水，搅拌10分钟，继续降温至40℃加入配方量的二乙二醇，即得多功能螯合分散保护胶体。
本发明制得多功能螯合分散保护胶体应用范围广泛，可用于：
1、前处理棉或其混纺织物(直接加入煮漂液中)：采用实施例1制得保护胶体，用量0.5-2g/L。
2、以活性染料或直接染料染棉或其混纺织物(染色时最先加入)：采用实施例1制得保护胶体，用量0.5-1g/L。
3、以还原染料染棉(防止染料沉淀，加碱之前先加入)：采用实施例1制得保护胶体，用量0.5-1g/L。
4、染涤/棉混纺织物(防止棉上的杂质与染料络合而产生沉淀，染色时最先加入)：采用实施例1制得保护胶体，用量0.5-1g/L。
5、活性染料或直接染料染色后之后皂洗(需要时可重复多一次)：采用实施例1制得保护胶体，用量0.5-2g/L。
6、涤沦碱减量工艺(加碱之前加入)：采用实施例1制得保护胶体，用量0.5-1g/L。
7、棉活性匀染剂B参考配方，按质量百分比计，包括实施例1制得保护胶体40-50％，柠檬酸钾8-10％，NNO扩散剂2-5％，防沾剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(80EO)1-3％，余量水。
活性匀染剂B匀染性能应用试验。
材料：针织双面半漂布；具体参数见表1，匀染工艺见图1，结果见图2。
表1相关参数
Figure BDA0002556889870000051
分析可知，匀染剂B分步缓染性略好于匀染剂A(竞品)和匀染剂C(竞品)，40-70℃效果较明显，匀染剂A(竞品)与匀染剂C(竞品)缓染性相近。
8、活性防沾色皂洗剂215A参考配方，按质量百分比计，包括实施例1制得保护胶体20-30％，净洗剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(9EO)1-3％，防沾剂脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚(30EO)10-20％，甘油5-10％，余量水。皂洗剂215A与国外产品对比结果如表2所示。防沾色效果见图3。大红水洗牢度测试结果见图4。
表2产品对比结果
颜色 215A R1 G1 G2
艳蓝 干摩擦 4 4 4 4
P-3R 湿摩擦 3-4 3 3 3-4
大红 干摩擦 4-5 4-5 4-5 4-5
P-BN 湿摩擦 2-3 2 2 2-3
9、通用型精练除油剂HF参考配方(适用于棉/氨纶/涤纶及混纺织物)，按质量百分比计，包括实施例1制得保护胶体3-5％(提升分散力)，异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚(8EO)8-10％，净洗剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(9EO)8-10％，脂肪酸甲酯改性乙氧基化物20％-25％，仲烷基磺酸钠10-15％，丙二醇单甲醚3-5％，余量水。
选材：客板，外观无色透明粘稠液体；含固量58.88％。
工艺：1)除油：自制氨纶油油污布，除油剂xg/L，98℃×30min→水洗→烘干；
2)乳化：100ml溶液+x滴氨纶油，除油剂xg/L，98℃×1-3h→观察氨纶油状态。
客板与除油剂HF对比应用结果如下表3所示。
表3客板与除油剂HF对比应用性能
渗透性 泡沫性
HF10g/L 3-4s湿沉 立泡2.5cm，8s消完
客板12g/L 30s完全不湿 立泡8.8cm，25s消完
精练除油剂HF0.8g/L的乳化效果明显优于客板1.1g/L；0.9g/LHF的除油效果与客板1.1g/L相当，如图5所示。因此，综合应用性能等精练除油剂HF的立泡较低，消泡快，渗透性能优异。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换或改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种织物用多功能螯合分散保护胶体，其特征在于，按质量份计，包括以下原料：马来酸酐10-15份，丙烯酸15-20份，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-K301-5份，过硫酸钠1-5份，烧碱15-20份，葡萄糖酸钠0.1-0.5份，50％双氧水0.1-0.5份，二乙二醇1-5份，纯水40-55份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种织物用多功能螯合分散保护胶体，其特征在于，按质量份计，包括以下原料：马来酸酐10-15份，丙烯酸15-20份，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-K302-4份，过硫酸钠1-3份，烧碱15-20份，葡萄糖酸钠0.1-0.4份，50％双氧水0.2-0.5份，二乙二醇2-5份，纯水40-52份。
3.一种权利要求1-2任一项所述织物用多功能螯合分散保护胶体的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)在反应锅中加入配方量的马来酸酐和纯水总量的15-25％，升温至40-50℃搅拌溶解20-40min，然后慢慢滴加由烧碱总量40％-60％与纯水总量的15％-20％混合制成的烧碱液1#；
2)升温至60-70℃，加入配方量的葡萄糖酸钠和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮-K30，搅拌到物料完全溶解，继续升温至65-75℃时先加入丙烯酸总量的15％-20％，再加入由过硫酸钠总量25％-35％与纯水总量5％-15％混合制成的过硫酸钠1#溶液，继续升温至90℃-95℃保温反应0.5-1.5h；
3)同时滴加由余量过硫酸钠与纯水总量5％-15％混合制成的过硫酸钠2#及余量丙烯酸，控制温度在90-95℃，滴加时间为1-2小时，滴加完后在90-95℃保温反应3-5h；
4)降温到60-70℃，开始滴加由余量烧碱与余量纯水混合制成的烧碱液2#，滴完后降温至60℃，加入配方量的双氧水，搅拌10分钟，继续降温至40℃加入配方量的二乙二醇，即得多功能螯合分散保护胶体。
4.一种权利要求1-2任一项所述织物用多功能螯合分散保护胶体的应用。
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