CN111670705A - Low-position grafting method for rejuvenation of mature apricot trees - Google Patents
Low-position grafting method for rejuvenation of mature apricot trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN111670705A CN111670705A CN202010770980.9A CN202010770980A CN111670705A CN 111670705 A CN111670705 A CN 111670705A CN 202010770980 A CN202010770980 A CN 202010770980A CN 111670705 A CN111670705 A CN 111670705A
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- scion
- grafting
- tongue
- cutting
- rejuvenation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Abstract
The invention provides a low-position grafting method for rejuvenation and rejuvenation of an aged apricot tree, which comprises the following steps: cutting off the apricot tree to be rejuvenated at a position 40-50 cm away from the ground in the middle and last ten days of 3 months to obtain a stock, horizontally cutting a cut from the bark to the xylem on the grafted surface of the stock, and vertically cutting the cut to obtain a stock tongue-shaped cut blade connected to the stock; reserving 2-3 healthy buds at the top end of the scion, and cutting the tail end of the scion into an inclined plane to obtain a scion tongue-shaped cut piece; inserting the scion tongue-shaped chippings into the tongue-shaped chippings of the stock, and binding; performing supplementary grafting on the scions which do not survive; when the young shoot of the scion grows to 20-25 cm, loosening the bound plastic strip; arranging a windproof frame; when the young shoot of the scion grows to 50-60 cm, topping and pinching; and controlling water after watering once in the middle of 8 months. The method cuts off the mature apricot trees to be rejuvenated at a position 40-50 cm away from the ground, reduces the grafting position, can effectively reduce the height of the tree body, is convenient for later picking, reduces the production cost and improves the commodity rate of the apricot trees.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of apricot tree cultivation, and particularly relates to a low-position grafting method for rejuvenation and rejuvenation of an aged apricot tree.
Background
Apricot belongs to angiosperms, dicotyledons, Rosaceae and apricot, is a deciduous tree, is native to China, and is also one of main tree species of forest and fruit in Xinjiang. Under the influence of factors such as storage, transportation conditions, insufficient cultivation management and market development capacity, the planting benefit of Xinjiang fresh eating apricots is low, so that a large number of apricot gardens are in a extensive management state, and the problems of high fruiting part, inconvenience in picking, serious tree body diseases and insect pests, obvious tree vigor decline and the like generally exist in the apricot gardens in the full fruit period. The fresh apricot picking cost is high, the disease prevention and control investment is large, the management cost of the apricot garden is increased, and the quality safety control difficulty of the apricot fruits is increased.
The existing method for rejuvenating the mature apricot trees mainly adopts the modes of re-planting young trees, re-trimming retraction or high-position grafting, wherein the high-position grafting mode is generally more than 80cm away from the ground, the time required for re-planting the young trees to grow into the mature apricot trees is too long, the orchard tree shape recovery with the re-trimming retraction is slow, the management cost is high, the orchard fruiting position of the high-position grafting is high, and the picking cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a low-position grafting method for rejuvenating mature apricot trees, aiming at the defects of the prior art, the method cuts off the mature apricot trees to be rejuvenated at a position 40-50 cm away from the ground, reduces the grafting position, can effectively reduce the height of the tree body, is convenient for later picking, reduces the production cost and improves the commodity rate of the apricot trees.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a low-position grafting method for rejuvenation and rejuvenation of an old apricot tree comprises the following steps:
s1, in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, cutting off the apricot tree to be rejuvenated at a position 40-50 cm away from the ground to obtain a stock;
the part 40cm to 50cm away from the ground is selected for cutting, so that a low-temperature layer can be effectively avoided, the grafted part is prevented from being frozen, the height of the tree body can be reduced, and the tree is convenient to pick;
s2, cutting the rootstock obtained in the S1 on the grafting surface of the rootstock in a horizontal direction from the bark to the xylem, and then vertically cutting to obtain a rootstock tongue-shaped cutting blade which is connected with the rootstock and has the length of 5 cm-6 cm;
s3, reserving 2-3 healthy buds at the top end of the scion, and cutting the tail end of the scion into an inclined plane to expose xylem to obtain a scion tongue-shaped cut piece; the length of the inclined plane is the same as that of the stock tongue-shaped chippings in the S2;
s4, inserting the scion tongue-shaped chips obtained in the S3 into the tongue-shaped chips of the rootstocks obtained in the S2, and tightly binding the scion tongue-shaped chips with plastic strips;
s5, checking whether the scion survives after 10-15 days of grafting, and performing supplementary grafting on the scion which does not survive;
s6, loosening the bound plastic strips when the young shoots of the scions grow to be 20-25 cm long;
s7, setting a windproof frame to prevent wind break or collision damage;
s8, when the young shoots of the scions grow to 50-60 cm in length, topping and pinching are carried out;
s9, watering once in the middle 8 th month and then performing water control treatment.
Preferably, water is sufficiently poured 20 days before the drying in S1, so that the water content of the soil is 60-80%.
Preferably, the diameter of the grafting surface of the rootstock in S2 is 20-25 cm, and the number of the scion tongue-shaped chippings uniformly arranged on the grafting surface of the rootstock is 4-8.
Preferably, the length of the scion in S3 is 8 cm-10 cm.
Preferably, the water content of the watered soil in S9 is 60% -80%; the water content of the soil after water control is 20-40%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the method cuts off the mature apricot trees to be rejuvenated at a position 40-50 cm away from the ground, reduces the grafting position, can effectively reduce the height of the tree body, is convenient for later picking, reduces the production cost and improves the commodity rate of the apricot trees.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The method for low-position grafting for rejuvenation and rejuvenation of mature apricot trees comprises the following steps:
s1, in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, cutting off the apricot tree to be rejuvenated at a position 40cm away from the ground to obtain a stock; watering enough water 20 days before the cut-off to ensure that the water content of the soil is 60-80%;
the part 40cm away from the ground is selected for cutting, so that a low-temperature layer can be effectively avoided, the grafted part is prevented from being frozen, the height of the tree body can be reduced, and the tree is convenient to pick;
s2, cutting the rootstock obtained in the S1 on the grafting surface of the rootstock in a horizontal direction from the bark to the xylem, and then vertically cutting to obtain a rootstock tongue-shaped cutting blade which is connected with the rootstock and has the length of 6 cm; the diameter of the grafting surface of the rootstock is 25cm, and the quantity of scion tongue-shaped chippings uniformly arranged on the grafting surface of the rootstock is 4;
s3, reserving 2-3 healthy and strong buds at the top end of the scion with the length of 8-10 cm, and cutting the tail end of the scion into an inclined plane to expose xylem to obtain a scion tongue-shaped cut piece; the length of the inclined plane is the same as that of the stock tongue-shaped chippings in the S2;
s4, inserting the scion tongue-shaped chips obtained in the S3 into the tongue-shaped chips of the rootstocks obtained in the S2, and tightly binding the scion tongue-shaped chips with plastic strips;
s5, checking whether the scion survives 15 days after grafting, and performing supplementary grafting on the scion which does not survive;
s6, loosening the bound plastic strips when the young shoots of the scions grow to be 20-25 cm long;
s7, setting a windproof frame to prevent wind break or collision damage;
s8, when the young shoots of the scions grow to 50-60 cm in length, topping and pinching are carried out;
s9, watering once in the middle of 8 months to make the soil water content be 60% -80%, and then controlling the water content of the soil to be 20% -40% to promote the branch to mature and the flower bud to differentiate.
By using the method of the embodiment, the yield of the single fresh apricot grafted in the current year can reach 1.3kg, and the yield of the single fresh apricot grafted in the second year can reach 35 kg.
Example 2
The method for low-position grafting for rejuvenation and rejuvenation of mature apricot trees comprises the following steps:
s1, in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, cutting off the apricot tree needing to be rejuvenated at a position 50cm away from the ground to obtain a stock; watering enough water 20 days before the cut-off to ensure that the water content of the soil is 60-80%;
the part 50cm away from the ground is selected for cutting, so that a low-temperature layer can be effectively avoided, the grafted part is prevented from being frozen, the height of the tree body can be reduced, and the tree is convenient to pick;
s2, cutting the rootstock obtained in the S1 on the grafting surface of the rootstock in a horizontal direction from the bark to the xylem, and then vertically cutting to obtain a rootstock tongue-shaped cutting blade which is connected to the rootstock and has the length of 5 cm; the diameter of the grafting surface of the rootstock is 20cm, and the number of the scion tongue-shaped chippings uniformly arranged on the grafting surface of the rootstock is 8;
s3, reserving 2-3 healthy and strong buds at the top end of the scion with the length of 8-10 cm, and cutting the tail end of the scion into an inclined plane to expose xylem to obtain a scion tongue-shaped cut piece; the length of the inclined plane is the same as that of the stock tongue-shaped chippings in the S2;
s4, inserting the scion tongue-shaped chips obtained in the S3 into the tongue-shaped chips of the rootstocks obtained in the S2, and tightly binding the scion tongue-shaped chips with plastic strips;
s5, checking whether the scion survives after 10 days of grafting, and performing supplementary grafting on the scion which does not survive;
s6, loosening the bound plastic strips when the young shoots of the scions grow to be 20-25 cm long;
s7, setting a windproof frame to prevent wind break or collision damage;
s8, when the young shoots of the scions grow to 50-60 cm in length, topping and pinching are carried out;
s9, watering once in the middle of 8 months to make the soil water content be 60% -80%, and then controlling the water content of the soil to be 20% -40% to promote the branch to mature and the flower bud to differentiate.
By using the method of the embodiment, the yield of the fresh apricot single plant in the current year can reach 1.2kg, and the yield of the fresh apricot single plant in the second year can reach 33 kg.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A low-position grafting method for rejuvenation and rejuvenation of an old apricot tree is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, in the middle and last ten days of 3 months, cutting off the apricot tree to be rejuvenated at a position 40-50 cm away from the ground to obtain a stock;
s2, cutting the rootstock obtained in the S1 on the grafting surface of the rootstock in a horizontal direction from the bark to the xylem, and then vertically cutting to obtain a rootstock tongue-shaped cutting blade which is connected with the rootstock and has the length of 5 cm-6 cm;
s3, reserving 2-3 healthy buds at the top end of the scion, and cutting the tail end of the scion into an inclined plane to expose xylem to obtain a scion tongue-shaped cut piece; the length of the inclined plane is the same as that of the stock tongue-shaped chippings in the S2;
s4, inserting the scion tongue-shaped chips obtained in the S3 into the tongue-shaped chips of the rootstocks obtained in the S2, and tightly binding the scion tongue-shaped chips with plastic strips;
s5, checking whether the scion survives after 10-15 days of grafting, and performing supplementary grafting on the scion which does not survive;
s6, loosening the bound plastic strips when the young shoots of the scions grow to be 20-25 cm long;
s7, setting a windproof frame to prevent wind break or collision damage;
s8, when the young shoots of the scions grow to 50-60 cm in length, topping and pinching are carried out;
s9, watering once in the middle 8 th month and then performing water control treatment.
2. The method for low grafting for rejuvenation of an aged apricot tree according to claim 1, wherein water is sufficiently poured 20 days before the cutting in S1 so that the soil moisture content is 60% to 80%.
3. The method for low-position grafting for rejuvenation of an adult apricot tree according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the grafting surface of the stock in S2 is 20cm to 25cm, and the number of the scion tongue-shaped cuttings uniformly arranged on the grafting surface of the stock is 4 to 8.
4. The method for low grafting for rejuvenation of an aged apricot tree according to claim 1, wherein the length of the scion in S3 is 8cm to 10 cm.
5. The method for low grafting for rejuvenation of an aged apricot tree according to claim 1, wherein the water content of the watered soil in S9 is 60-80%; the water content of the soil after water control is 20-40%.
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Citations (4)
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| CN101982058A (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2011-03-02 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | Mature mango breed rapid updating dwarfing culture method |
| CN103843637A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2014-06-11 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | Low-position trunk cutting and variety renovation technology of grown longans |
| CN104322284A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-02-04 | 陆川县大鹏现代农业发展有限公司 | Psidium guajave tree grafting method |
| CN105940963A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-09-21 | 蔡楚雄 | Method of low grafting, variety changing and agar forming for agarwood |
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2020
- 2020-08-04 CN CN202010770980.9A patent/CN111670705A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101982058A (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2011-03-02 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | Mature mango breed rapid updating dwarfing culture method |
| CN103843637A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2014-06-11 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | Low-position trunk cutting and variety renovation technology of grown longans |
| CN104322284A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-02-04 | 陆川县大鹏现代农业发展有限公司 | Psidium guajave tree grafting method |
| CN105940963A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-09-21 | 蔡楚雄 | Method of low grafting, variety changing and agar forming for agarwood |
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| "一种成龄芒果品种快速更新矮化栽培方法 ", 《农村实用技术》 * |
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Application publication date: 20200918 |