CN111631032A - Grafting and seedling growing method for local plum - Google Patents
Grafting and seedling growing method for local plum Download PDFInfo
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- CN111631032A CN111631032A CN202010690069.7A CN202010690069A CN111631032A CN 111631032 A CN111631032 A CN 111631032A CN 202010690069 A CN202010690069 A CN 202010690069A CN 111631032 A CN111631032 A CN 111631032A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
- A01G2/35—Cutting; Inserting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
- A01G2/38—Holding; Ligating
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for grafting and cultivating seedlings of local plum, belongs to the field of vegetative propagation of plants, and aims to provide a method for grafting and cultivating seedlings of local plum, which can improve the fruiting rate and drought and waterlogging resistance of local plum and is suitable for the planting environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vegetative propagation of plants, in particular to a method for grafting and culturing seedlings of local plums.
Background
The Zuili Zuiyizui Zuizui is an ancient rare plum which is a fresh-eating plum produced by Jingxiangsi in Jiaxing city, Zhejiang province and has yellow-green ground color and good color, fragrance and taste. The plum Zuili as a local plum variety with excellent quality and shape and long history has the defects of low fruiting rate, weak drought and waterlogging resistance, poor adaptability to planting environment and soil and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the local plum grafting seedling method which can improve the fruiting rate and drought and waterlogging resistance of local plums and is adaptive to the planting environment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for grafting and culturing seedlings of Zuili comprises grafting plants of Prunus of Rosaceae as stock and buds of Zuili as scion.
Further, the stock is cultivated by seedling cultivation of wild peach kernels in the south of the Huaihe river, and the stock is cultivated by seedling cultivation of wild peach kernels in the north of the Huaihe river.
Further, the specific method comprises the following steps:
firstly, stock cultivation;
a. seedling with wild peach kernel, soaking root with root rot for 2-3 min before setting value, trimming pest root and broken root, wrapping root with yellow mud to planting depth of 9-12 cm;
secondly, selecting rootstocks;
selecting nursery stocks of the next year as the stock, wherein the distance between the grafted position and the ground is not more than 15 cm, cutting a V-shaped cut on the stock, the angle of the V-shaped cut is 20-30 degrees,
thirdly, selecting and cutting the scions;
a. selecting local plum branch buds which are free from diseases and insects, strong in growth and plump in bud bodies, wherein the thickness is 0.7-0.9cm, and the scions are selected properly according to the thicknesses of the stocks and the scions, and the length of each scion is 6-8 cm;
b. after the scion is selected, cutting the lower part of the scion into a V-shaped section by using a grafting knife, wherein the angle of the V-shaped section is 20-30 degrees, and the angle of the V-shaped section is 0.6-0.9 degrees larger than that of a V-shaped cut;
fourthly, grafting and binding;
inserting the V-shaped scion of the plum leaves into the V-shaped cut of the stock, wrapping 5 layers of the scion with a plastic film, spirally winding the plastic film upwards, and finally fixing the scion with an adhesive tape;
fifthly, management after grafting;
weeding is carried out in time, and the competition of weeds and saplings for nutrients is reduced; shading and sunshine treatment is carried out on the saplings by adopting a shading shed; detecting the water quantity of the saplings by using a detection system; spraying gibberellin with the concentration of 80-110ppm to the saplings for one time.
Further, the sunshade includes support frame and ceiling, the support frame is fixed and supports the roof with the ceiling, the ceiling includes the three carriage of arranging in proper order from top to bottom, all be equipped with one on the three carriage in the rolling dancer rools on the carriage, it hides the cloth to all twine on the dancer rools, thereby the dancer rools rolls on the carriage and makes to hide cloth expansion and cover the sunshade, the cloth that shelters from on the three carriage is colorless transparent waterproof cloth from top to bottom respectively, the luminousness is 50% -60% netted cloth and adsorbs the net.
Further, the sliding frame is arc-shaped and is bent upwards.
Furthermore, the adsorption net is composed of a sponge layer and a cotton cloth layer which are sequentially adhered and connected.
Further, the detection system corresponds to the sapling, and the detection system is a flytrap planted near the sapling; digging a pit on the ground near the saplings, wrapping peat soil at the roots of the fly-catching grass, wrapping the peat soil by a net bag, and finally burying the fly-catching grass in the pit.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the plants of the same family and different genera are grafted, the stock plant family genus is drought and waterlogging resistant, the climate environment and the soil adaptability are strong, and the scions keep the excellent quality and shape of the fruits;
2. the single fruit is increased, the big fruit and extra big fruit rate are improved, and the fruit yield and the acre yield are improved;
3. the popularization planting area is enlarged, the planting technical requirement is reduced, and the production management requirement is simplified.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a light shielding shed.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the ceiling.
Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional structure view of the adsorption net.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the detection system.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are further described with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
A method for grafting and culturing seedlings of local plum, which can improve the fruiting rate of local plum and the drought and waterlogging resistance and is suitable for the planting environment.
Specific embodiments of the invention: a method for grafting and seedling growing of the local plum leaves takes the plants of the genus Prunus of the family Rosaceae as stocks and the buds of the local plum leaves as scions for grafting.
The plants of the same family and different genera are grafted, the stock plant family genus is drought and waterlogging resistant, the climate environment and the soil adaptability are strong, and the scions keep the excellent quality and shape of the fruits; the single fruit is increased, the big fruit and special big fruit rate are improved, and the fruit yield and the acre yield are improved.
The stock is cultivated by the seedling cultivation of the wild peach pit in the south area of the Huaihe river, and the stock is cultivated by the seedling cultivation of the wild peach pit in the north area of the Huaihe river.
By adopting a grafting mode combining Rosaceae peach and plum plants, the south area of the Huaihe river utilizes the developed drought and waterlogging resistance of the root system of the wild peaches as the stock, the north area of the Huaihe river adopts the Chinese walnut cultivated stock with drought and cold resistance, and then scions are grafted with excellent local plum varieties, so that the stress resistance of the local plums is improved, and the excellent quality and shape are kept; the popularization planting area is enlarged, the planting technical requirement is reduced, and the production management requirement is simplified.
The specific method for grafting the Zuili comprises the following steps:
firstly, stock cultivation;
a. seedling with wild peach kernel, soaking root with root rot for 2-3 min before setting value, trimming pest root and broken root, wrapping root with yellow mud to planting depth of 9-12 cm;
secondly, selecting rootstocks;
selecting nursery stocks of the next year as the stock, wherein the distance between the grafted position and the ground is not more than 15 cm, cutting a V-shaped cut on the stock, the angle of the V-shaped cut is 20-30 degrees,
thirdly, selecting and cutting the scions;
a. selecting local plum branch buds which are free from diseases and insects, strong in growth and plump in bud bodies, wherein the thickness is 0.7-0.9cm, and the scions are selected properly according to the thicknesses of the stocks and the scions, and the length of each scion is 6-8 cm;
b. after the scion is selected, cutting the lower part of the scion into a V-shaped section by using a grafting knife, wherein the angle of the V-shaped section is 20-30 degrees, and the angle of the V-shaped section is 0.6-0.9 degrees larger than that of a V-shaped cut;
fourthly, grafting and binding;
inserting the V-shaped scion of the plum leaves into the V-shaped cut of the stock, wrapping 5 layers of the scion with a plastic film, spirally winding the plastic film upwards, and finally fixing the scion with an adhesive tape;
fifthly, management after grafting;
weeding is carried out in time, and the competition of weeds and saplings for nutrients is reduced; shading and sunshine treatment is carried out on the saplings by adopting a shading shed; detecting the water quantity of the saplings by using a detection system; spraying gibberellin with the concentration of 80-110ppm to the saplings for one time.
By adopting the grafting method, taking Jiaxing Tungxiang area as an example, good wild peach stocks are cultivated firstly, then the stocks and local plum are scion and grafted, and then cultivation management is carried out, compared with the prior saplings, the saplings cultivated by the method have stronger drought and waterlogging resistance, stronger adaptability to the environment and greatly increased fruiting rate; shading treatment is carried out on the saplings, so that the adverse effect of high temperature on the saplings is reduced, and the fallen leaves period is delayed, for example, in No. 15/10 of 2019, compared with the non-shaded saplings, about 70% of the non-shaded saplings have fallen leaves, about 25% of the non-shaded saplings have fallen leaves, so that the chlorophyll content in the leaves can be increased through shading treatment, and the fallen leaves of the saplings are delayed; gibberellin with the concentration of 80-110ppm is sprayed once, so that the flowering amount in the flowering period can be reduced, the nutrients are saved, the rate of formation of ovaries is reduced, and the percentage of fertile fruits and the yield of the local plums are improved; the detection system detects the moisture content of the sapling, ensures that the sapling is not easy to generate the risk of drought and waterlogging, and ensures the normal growth of the sapling.
The sunshade includes support frame 1 and ceiling 2, support frame 1 is fixed and supports to ceiling 2 with ceiling 2, ceiling 2 is including the three carriage 3 of from top to bottom arranging in proper order, carriage 3 is arcuation and carriage 3 kickup, all be equipped with one on three carriage 3 rolling adjusting roller 4 on carriage 3, it has shelters from cloth to all twine on adjusting roller 4, thereby adjusting roller 4 rolls on carriage 3 and makes to shelter from cloth expansion and cover the sunshade, the cloth that shelters from on the three carriage 3 is colorless transparent tarpaulin 5 respectively from top to bottom, the luminousness is 50% -60% netted cloth 6 and adsorption screen 7, adsorption screen 7 is by sponge layer 701 and the cotton layer 702 that the adhesion is connected in proper order.
In order to ensure that the saplings have enough illumination, the shielding cloth on the three adjusting rollers 4 is stored and rolled up, and the shading shed does not shield sunlight any more; when the illumination is too strong, the adjusting roller 4 wound with the colorless and transparent waterproof cloth 5 can be selected to roll on the sliding frame 3, so that the colorless and transparent waterproof cloth 5 is unfolded to further achieve the purpose of shading, the reticular cloth 6 with the light transmittance of 50% -60% can be also selected to be unfolded, and the colorless and transparent waterproof cloth 5 and the reticular cloth 6 can be also unfolded together, so that different illumination degrees of the saplings are achieved, and the stable growth of the saplings is ensured; the rainfall is too large, in order to prevent the saplings from waterlogging, the colorless and transparent waterproof cloth 5 can be unfolded to isolate rainwater, the adsorption net 7 can also be unfolded, the sponge layer 701 and the cotton cloth layer 702 adsorb a part of rainwater, and a small amount of rainwater falls onto the saplings, so that the stable growth of the saplings is ensured; the sliding frame 3 is arc-shaped, and can slide to two sides when rainwater falls on the shielding cloth, so that water accumulation is not easy to cause.
The detection system corresponds to the sapling, and the detection system is a flytrap 8 planted near the sapling; digging a pit on the ground near the saplings, wrapping peat soil 9 at the root of the fly-catching grass 8, wrapping the peat soil 9 by a net bag 10, and finally burying the fly-catching grass 8 in the pit.
The fly-catching grass 8 is planted beside each seedling, because the fly-catching grass 8 preferably lives in an environment with sufficient moisture, and the moisture between the seedlings and the fly-catching grass 8 is communicated through the net bag 10, the moisture beside the seedlings is further determined through the growth vigor of the fly-catching grass 8, and then whether the seedlings are watered or not is selected, so that the good cultivation of the seedlings is ensured; the fly-catching grass 8 can catch mosquitoes, so that the saplings can be effectively prevented from being invaded by the mosquitoes, and the stable growth of the saplings is further ensured.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art should be able to make general changes and substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A grafting and seedling growing method of Zuili is characterized in that a rose plant belonging to the genus Prunus of the family Rosaceae is used as a stock, and buds of Zuili are used as scions for grafting.
2. The grafting seedling method of local plum according to claim 1, wherein the stock is cultivated by wild peach kernel seedling in the south of the Huaihe river, and the stock is cultivated by wild peach kernel seedling in the north of the Huaihe river.
3. The grafting and seedling method of local plums according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
firstly, stock cultivation;
a. seedling with wild peach kernel, soaking root with root rot for 2-3 min before setting value, trimming pest root and broken root, wrapping root with yellow mud to planting depth of 9-12 cm;
secondly, selecting rootstocks;
selecting nursery stocks of the next year as the stock, wherein the distance between the grafted position and the ground is not more than 15 cm, cutting a V-shaped cut on the stock, the angle of the V-shaped cut is 20-30 degrees,
thirdly, selecting and cutting the scions;
a. selecting local plum branch buds which are free from diseases and insects, strong in growth and plump in bud bodies, wherein the thickness is 0.7-0.9cm, and the scions are selected properly according to the thicknesses of the stocks and the scions, and the length of each scion is 6-8 cm;
b. after the scion is selected, cutting the lower part of the scion into a V-shaped section by using a grafting knife, wherein the angle of the V-shaped section is 20-30 degrees, and the angle of the V-shaped section is 0.6-0.9 degrees larger than that of a V-shaped cut;
fourthly, grafting and binding;
inserting the V-shaped scion of the plum leaves into the V-shaped cut of the stock, wrapping 5 layers of the scion with a plastic film, spirally winding the plastic film upwards, and finally fixing the scion with an adhesive tape;
fifthly, management after grafting;
weeding is carried out in time, and the competition of weeds and saplings for nutrients is reduced; shading and sunshine treatment is carried out on the saplings by adopting a shading shed; detecting the water quantity of the saplings by using a detection system; spraying gibberellin with the concentration of 80-110ppm to the saplings for one time.
4. The grafting and seedling method of local plums according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the sunshade includes support frame and ceiling, and the support frame is fixed and supports the roof with the ceiling, and the ceiling is including the three carriage of arranging in proper order from top to bottom, all is equipped with one on the three carriage in the rolling dancer rools on the carriage, and all the winding has sheltering from cloth on the dancer rools on the carriage, thereby the dancer rools roll on the carriage makes sheltering from cloth expansion and cover the sunshade, and the material that shelters from cloth on the three carriage from top to bottom is colorless transparent waterproof cloth, the luminousness is netted cloth and the absorption net of 50% -60%.
5. The grafting and seedling method of local plums according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the sliding frame is in an arc shape and is bent upwards.
6. The method for grafting and culturing the seedlings of local plums according to claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that: the adsorption net is composed of a sponge layer and a cotton cloth layer which are sequentially adhered and connected.
7. The grafting and seedling method of local plums according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the detection system corresponds to the sapling and is a musca flytrap planted near the sapling; digging a pit on the ground near the saplings, wrapping peat soil at the roots of the fly-catching grass, wrapping the peat soil by a net bag, and finally burying the fly-catching grass in the pit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010690069.7A CN111631032A (en) | 2020-07-17 | 2020-07-17 | Grafting and seedling growing method for local plum |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010690069.7A CN111631032A (en) | 2020-07-17 | 2020-07-17 | Grafting and seedling growing method for local plum |
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| CN111631032A true CN111631032A (en) | 2020-09-08 |
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| CN202010690069.7A Pending CN111631032A (en) | 2020-07-17 | 2020-07-17 | Grafting and seedling growing method for local plum |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101401534A (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2009-04-08 | 嘉兴市南湖区林业与蚕桑站 | Method for improving fruit setting ratio of Zuili |
| CN103385117A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-11-13 | 无锡同春新能源科技有限公司 | Method for grafting black plum and prunus salicina lindl to cultivate double-color plum by using growth promoting mucilage glue sleeve device |
| CN105724068A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-07-06 | 金寨县益农农业科技开发有限公司 | Method for grafting red plums to wild plum trees |
| CN105724070A (en) * | 2016-04-16 | 2016-07-06 | 徐德邡 | Peach tree grafting method |
| CN108934610A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-12-07 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of novel energy-conserving greenhouse of multilayer covering |
| CN109566226A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-05 | 李敦利 | Three-dimensional small happy peach breeding method |
| CN110934045A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-03-31 | 海口金秋颂农业开发有限公司 | Aloe vera cultivation method |
-
2020
- 2020-07-17 CN CN202010690069.7A patent/CN111631032A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101401534A (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2009-04-08 | 嘉兴市南湖区林业与蚕桑站 | Method for improving fruit setting ratio of Zuili |
| CN103385117A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-11-13 | 无锡同春新能源科技有限公司 | Method for grafting black plum and prunus salicina lindl to cultivate double-color plum by using growth promoting mucilage glue sleeve device |
| CN105724068A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-07-06 | 金寨县益农农业科技开发有限公司 | Method for grafting red plums to wild plum trees |
| CN105724070A (en) * | 2016-04-16 | 2016-07-06 | 徐德邡 | Peach tree grafting method |
| CN108934610A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-12-07 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of novel energy-conserving greenhouse of multilayer covering |
| CN109566226A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-05 | 李敦利 | Three-dimensional small happy peach breeding method |
| CN110934045A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-03-31 | 海口金秋颂农业开发有限公司 | Aloe vera cultivation method |
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