CN111620668B - Production process of glazed tile with pattern having layered three-dimensional effect - Google Patents

Production process of glazed tile with pattern having layered three-dimensional effect Download PDF

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CN111620668B
CN111620668B CN202010511730.3A CN202010511730A CN111620668B CN 111620668 B CN111620668 B CN 111620668B CN 202010511730 A CN202010511730 A CN 202010511730A CN 111620668 B CN111620668 B CN 111620668B
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layer
percent
volume shrinkage
glaze
auxiliary material
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CN111620668A (en
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叶德林
刘世明
陈然
简润桐
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New Pearl Guangdong New Materials Co ltd
Newpearl Group Co Ltd
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Guangdong Summit Ceramics Co Ltd
Newpearl Group Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/131Inorganic additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00Clay-wares
    • C04B33/24Manufacture of porcelain or white ware
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/52Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/89Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3418Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3427Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
    • C04B2235/3436Alkaline earth metal silicates, e.g. barium silicate
    • C04B2235/3454Calcium silicates, e.g. wollastonite
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3427Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
    • C04B2235/3463Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite

Abstract

The invention discloses a production process of glazed tiles with patterns having a layered three-dimensional effect, and relates to the field of ceramic tile production. The scheme comprises the following steps: preparing a base material and auxiliary materials, molding, drying, spraying glaze, spraying a pattern and color layer by ink jet, applying surface protective glaze, sintering and polishing; in the preparation of the base material and the auxiliary materials, during firing, the volume shrinkage of the auxiliary material texture layer is smaller than that of the base layer, and the difference between the volume shrinkage of the auxiliary material texture layer and the volume shrinkage of the base layer is 2-5%. Through after basic cloth for the first time, carry out the cloth for the second time again, through adding the auxiliary material formula and the technological parameter design that have phase difference between with the basic material, can generate the auxiliary material texture layer that is higher than the basic layer under high temperature for make pattern layer three-dimensional, the stereovision is strong, the manifold surface effect of texture, and the finished surface of brick that forms is level and smooth, does not influence conventional glazed tile's performance.

Description

Production process of glazed tile with pattern having layered three-dimensional effect
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ceramic tile production, in particular to a production process of a glazed tile with patterns having a layered three-dimensional effect.
Background
Glazed tiles have good surface gloss effect, and patterns are rich and colorful, and are popular, but under the current production and preparation technology, the general decorative patterns are ink-jet patterns on the plane of a tile blank, and the patterns of the patterns are all in the same level, so that the final pattern effect lacks of level stereoscopic impression and space aesthetic feeling.
Although other manufacturers keep roller printing or screen printing and adopt a multi-time printing mode to stack multiple layers to achieve a three-dimensional effect, the three-dimensional printing method has limitations in the aspects of depth of layers, cost, efficiency and large-size products; or, as disclosed in patents CN102029644A, CN1843725A, and CN10115757A, the method uses a concave-convex mold to perform the three-dimensional texture effect, but these methods not only require a mold and are expensive, but also the pattern is just like a sculpture, which is not only hard and rough, but also not smooth and flat surface, and is easy to store dirt and dirty, and is not easy to clean.
In the prior art, chinese patent application No. CN109291723A discloses a three-dimensional wood grain ceramic tile, a relief effect glaze layer of the three-dimensional wood grain ceramic tile and a decoration process, wherein the ceramic tile is composed of a green body layer, a surface glaze layer, a relief effect glaze layer, a pattern decoration layer and a surface protection glaze layer which are sequentially compounded. The stereoscopic face wood grain ceramic tile relief effect glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.5-3 parts of zinc oxide; 20-30% of feldspar; 15-20 parts of frit; washing 10-12 parts of kaolin with water; 8-10 parts of calcite; 8-10 parts of calcined talc; 20-30 of self-made quartz. The decoration process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of pressing wood grain brick powder into a strip-shaped green body, applying surface glaze on the surface of the green body, and printing the prepared relief effect glaze on the surface of the green body with the surface glaze in a rubber roll carving manner; secondly, decorating the ink-jet patterns, wherein the ink-jet patterns can integrally cover the glaze and the printed relief effect glaze; and thirdly, applying transparent protective glaze to the mixture and firing the mixture in a kiln. It produces the pattern on the ceramic tile surface through the glyptic mode of rubber roll to the brick face that forms is unevenness, is unfavorable for the cleanness.
Therefore, a glazed tile and a production scheme thereof are needed, wherein the pattern is three-dimensional, can be designed and controlled, can be randomly generated, and has strong layering sense, smooth and flat surface and easy cleaning.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a process for producing a glazed tile with patterns having a hierarchical three-dimensional effect, wherein an auxiliary material texture layer higher than a base layer can be generated at a high temperature by adding an auxiliary material formula and process parameter design which have phase difference with the base material, so that the surface effect of the pattern layer with three-dimensional, strong hierarchical feeling and various textures is produced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a production process of a glazed tile with patterns having a layered three-dimensional effect comprises the following steps:
step (1): preparing a base material and auxiliary materials, namely preparing the base material, and preparing the auxiliary materials according to a set volume shrinkage rate;
step (2): forming, namely, distributing basic materials to form a basic layer, distributing auxiliary materials according to texture design to form an auxiliary material texture layer, and pressing to form a blank;
and (3): drying and spraying glaze, namely spraying a layer of base glaze on the formed and dried blank;
and (4): ink-jetting a pattern and a coloring layer, and ink-jetting a pattern and a coloring layer on the ground glaze formed in the step (3) according to different surface pattern decoration effects to form the pattern and the coloring layer;
and (5): applying a surface protection glaze, and applying the protection glaze on the surface of the green brick sprayed with the flower color patterns in the step (4);
and (6): firing and polishing, namely, firing the green bricks with the surface protection glaze applied in the step (5) in a kiln, taking the green bricks out of the kiln, and then grinding and polishing, wherein the firing time is 1-3 hours, and the firing temperature is 1150-1200 ℃;
in the step (1), when the sintering is carried out at a temperature of 1150-1200 ℃, the volume shrinkage of the auxiliary material texture layer is smaller than that of the base layer, and the setting of the volume shrinkage rate means that the difference value between the volume shrinkage rate of the auxiliary material texture layer and the volume shrinkage rate of the base layer is 2-5%.
Through the arrangement, after the primary material distribution, namely the basic material distribution, a basic layer is formed, then the secondary material distribution is carried out, namely the auxiliary material distribution is carried out, an auxiliary material texture layer is formed, the volume shrinkage of the auxiliary material texture layer after sintering is smaller than that of the basic layer, so that a three-dimensional layer with fluctuation is formed, the surface pattern layer of the blank body presents a corresponding three-dimensional layer, but the surface of the sintered brick is flat and smooth, and the performance of the conventional glazed brick is not influenced.
Preferably, the volumetric shrinkage comprises transverse shrinkage and longitudinal shrinkage.
Preferably, the auxiliary material comprises a raw material with small volume shrinkage, and the raw material with small volume shrinkage is one or a combination of wollastonite, pyrophyllite and high-calcium frit.
Through setting up like this, the auxiliary material includes the little raw materials of volume shrinkage, and the little raw materials of volume shrinkage can be selected for use in any kind and combination in wollastonite, pyrophyllite or high-calcium frit, can select for use the collocation according to the difference of the auxiliary material texture layer of design and basic layer shrinkage factor in a flexible way.
Preferably, the raw material with small volume shrinkage accounts for 10-50% of the total weight of the auxiliary materials.
Through the arrangement, the auxiliary material texture layer and the base layer shrinkage rate difference value can be flexibly selected according to the design, and a glazed tile finished product with different three-dimensional effects is obtained.
Preferably, in the step (2), the fabric thickness of the auxiliary material texture layer is 2mm to 5 mm.
Preferably, in the step (3), the glaze surface thickness of the ground glaze is less than 15 μm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
1. through after basic cloth for the first time, carry out the cloth for the second time again, through adding the auxiliary material formula and the technological parameter design that have phase difference between with the basic material, can generate the auxiliary material texture layer that is higher than the basic layer under high temperature for make pattern layer three-dimensional, the stereovision is strong, the manifold surface effect of texture, and the finished surface of brick that forms is level and smooth, does not influence conventional glazed tile's performance.
2. According to the invention, only one-time functional auxiliary material is required to be added to be used as a texture layer, and two-time material distribution is a mature process technology in the industry, so that the scheme is simple and feasible, and can be adapted to the existing products and newly developed products without limitation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a glazed tile produced in example 1 of the present invention.
Wherein, the technical characteristics that each reference number refers to are as follows:
1. a base layer; 2. an auxiliary material texture layer; 3. a pattern colored layer; 4. and (4) a glaze layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a production process of a glazed tile with patterns having a hierarchical three-dimensional effect, which comprises the following steps:
step (1): preparing a base material and auxiliary materials;
step (2): firstly, a layer of base material is distributed to form a base layer, then auxiliary materials with the thickness of 2mm are distributed on the upper surface of the base layer according to the requirements of texture design (such as granular, linear and the like) to form an auxiliary material texture layer, and after the two-time distribution is finished, a smooth and flat blank body is pressed;
the auxiliary material comprises a raw material with small volume shrinkage, wherein the raw material with small volume shrinkage is one or a combination of wollastonite, pyrophyllite or high-calcium frit;
the raw material with small volume shrinkage accounts for 10 to 50 percent of the total weight of the auxiliary materials;
in this embodiment, the formula of the auxiliary materials is:
according to the weight percentage, the high-calcium clinker is 45 percent, the ball clay is 20 percent, the albite is 25 percent, the potash feldspar is 8 percent, and the calcite is 2 percent. After the firing temperature of the formula is 1180 ℃, the volume shrinkage difference value of the auxiliary texture layer and the base layer is 3.5 percent;
the formula of the base material adopts a production conventional formula, and comprises 12% of clay, 22% of ball clay, 23% of sodium-potassium sand, 24% of stone powder, 16% of potassium feldspar water abrasive and 3% of medium-temperature sand by weight percentage;
the material distribution process in the step (2) can adopt a conventional material distribution mode, and the pressing process can also be finished by adopting a conventional pressing machine;
and (3): drying the green brick formed in the step (2), and spraying a layer of 10um base coat on the surface of the dried green brick in a digital ink-jet mode;
and (4): after the digital ink-jet base coat is sprayed, patterns are sprayed on the surface of the base coat to form an ink-jet colored layer;
and (5): applying an ink-jet surface protection glaze on the ink-jet colored layer formed in the step (4) in a digital ink-jet mode;
and (6): firing in a kiln, wherein the firing time is 95min, and the firing temperature is 1180 ℃;
and (7): and (3) polishing the fired green bricks by adopting a grinding block to form a finished glazed brick product, wherein the glazed brick comprises a base layer 1, an auxiliary material texture layer 2, a pattern and pattern colored layer 3 and a glazed layer 4, which are positioned on the base layer 1, and the glazed brick with natural and three-dimensional layering can be clearly seen after the step (7) of polishing.
In the high-temperature sintering stage, the volume shrinkage of the base material is larger than that of the auxiliary material, so that in the longitudinal direction of the green brick, the shrinkage rate of the auxiliary material texture layer is small, the auxiliary material texture layer is higher than the base surface of the base layer, in addition, the auxiliary material is subjected to phase change in the sintering stage, and a crystalline phase conversion expansion process is adopted, so that the layering sense is formed, and the patterns attached to the surfaces of the base layer and the auxiliary material texture layer can also present corresponding layers.
In addition, the glaze layer on the surface of the green brick is in a liquid phase state at high temperature, the surface tension of the glaze enables the glaze to form a flat state, and the glaze is ground and polished at a later stage to form a flat and smooth surface, so that the surface is antifouling and easy to clean.
Therefore, the glazed tile with smooth surface and three-dimensional pattern is formed, which is different from the scheme of the Chinese patent application with the publication number of CN109291723A, and compared with the scheme, the scheme of the embodiment is simpler and easier to implement.
Example 2
The embodiment discloses a process for producing glazed tiles with patterns having a hierarchical three-dimensional effect, which is based on embodiment 1 and is different from embodiment 1 in that:
in this embodiment, the formula of the auxiliary materials is:
according to the weight percentage, 15 percent of wollastonite, 30 percent of ball clay, 13 percent of potassium feldspar, 40 percent of albite and 2 percent of diopside, the volume shrinkage difference value of the texture layer and the basic layer of the auxiliary material is 4.7 percent after the formula is sintered at 1180 ℃.
Example 3
The embodiment discloses a process for producing glazed tiles with patterns having a hierarchical three-dimensional effect, which is based on embodiment 1 and is different from embodiment 1 in that:
in this embodiment, the formula of the auxiliary materials is:
according to the weight percentage, 20 percent of pyrophyllite, 25 percent of ball clay, 14 percent of potash feldspar, 35 percent of albite, 3 percent of diopside and 3 percent of alumina, after the firing temperature of the formula is 1180 ℃, the volume shrinkage difference value of the auxiliary material texture layer and the base layer is 3.8 percent.
Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art based upon the disclosure and teachings of the above specification. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.

Claims (4)

1. A production process of a glazed tile with patterns having a layered three-dimensional effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1): preparing a base material and auxiliary materials, namely preparing the base material, and preparing the auxiliary materials according to a set volume shrinkage rate;
step (2): forming, namely, distributing basic materials to form a basic layer, distributing auxiliary materials according to texture design to form an auxiliary material texture layer, and pressing to form a blank;
and (3): drying and glaze spraying, namely spraying a layer of ground glaze on the formed and dried blank;
and (4): ink-jetting a pattern and a coloring layer, and ink-jetting a pattern and a coloring layer on the ground glaze formed in the step (3) according to different surface pattern decoration effects to form the pattern and the coloring layer;
and (5): applying a surface protection glaze, and applying the protection glaze on the surface of the green brick sprayed with the flower color patterns in the step (4);
and (6): firing and polishing, namely, firing the green bricks applied with the surface protection glaze in the step (5) in a kiln, taking the green bricks out of the kiln, grinding and polishing, wherein the firing time is 1-3 hours, the firing temperature is 1150-1200 ℃,
in the step (1), when the sintering is carried out at the temperature of 1150-1200 ℃, the volume shrinkage of the auxiliary material texture layer is smaller than that of the base layer, the set volume shrinkage rate means that the difference value between the volume shrinkage rate of the auxiliary material texture layer and the volume shrinkage rate of the base layer is 2-5%,
the volumetric contraction includes a transverse contraction and a longitudinal contraction,
the auxiliary material comprises a raw material with small volume shrinkage, the raw material with small volume shrinkage is wollastonite, pyrophyllite or high-calcium frit, the raw material with small volume shrinkage accounts for 10-50% of the total weight of the auxiliary material,
in the step (2), the cloth thickness of the auxiliary material texture layer is 2 mm-5 mm,
in the step (3), the glaze surface thickness of the ground glaze is less than 15 μm.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the formulation of the adjuvant is:
according to the weight percentage, the high-calcium clinker is 45 percent, the ball clay is 20 percent, the albite is 25 percent, the potash feldspar is 8 percent, and the calcite is 2 percent.
3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the formulation of the adjuvant is:
according to the weight percentage, 15 percent of wollastonite, 30 percent of ball clay, 13 percent of potassium feldspar, 40 percent of albite and 2 percent of diopside.
4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the formulation of the adjuvant is:
according to the weight percentage, 20 percent of pyrophyllite, 25 percent of ball clay, 14 percent of potash feldspar, 35 percent of albite, 3 percent of diopside and 3 percent of alumina.
CN202010511730.3A 2020-06-08 2020-06-08 Production process of glazed tile with pattern having layered three-dimensional effect Active CN111620668B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102795895A (en) * 2012-08-17 2012-11-28 广东蒙娜丽莎新型材料集团有限公司 Stereoscopic magical-color ceramic product and preparation method thereof
CN104591804A (en) * 2015-01-26 2015-05-06 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 Preparation method of ceramic brick with stereoscopic decorative effects
CN105418162A (en) * 2015-12-14 2016-03-23 东莞市唯美陶瓷工业园有限公司 Whole-body polished porcelain tile having three-dimensional stone texture and production method of tile

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2599669B2 (en) * 1992-07-08 1997-04-09 株式会社岩福セラミックス Bricks manufacturing method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102795895A (en) * 2012-08-17 2012-11-28 广东蒙娜丽莎新型材料集团有限公司 Stereoscopic magical-color ceramic product and preparation method thereof
CN104591804A (en) * 2015-01-26 2015-05-06 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 Preparation method of ceramic brick with stereoscopic decorative effects
CN105418162A (en) * 2015-12-14 2016-03-23 东莞市唯美陶瓷工业园有限公司 Whole-body polished porcelain tile having three-dimensional stone texture and production method of tile

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