CN111574271A - Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111574271A
CN111574271A CN202010315787.6A CN202010315787A CN111574271A CN 111574271 A CN111574271 A CN 111574271A CN 202010315787 A CN202010315787 A CN 202010315787A CN 111574271 A CN111574271 A CN 111574271A
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China
Prior art keywords
parts
soil
tobacco
mixture
weight
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CN202010315787.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
廖得峰
周愉
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Heshui Zhenkai Fertilizer Co ltd
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Heshui Zhenkai Fertilizer Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010315787.6A priority Critical patent/CN111574271A/en
Publication of CN111574271A publication Critical patent/CN111574271A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B17/00Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of fertilizers. The feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of dry sheep manure, 20-30 parts of humic acid, 10-20 parts of tobacco, 5-12 parts of peat soil, 10-15 parts of straw ash, 5-10 parts of egg shell, 4-9 parts of animal bone meal and 3-7 parts of pepper, wherein the tobacco is one or a mixture of more of tobacco leaves, tobacco powder and tobacco stems. The fertilizer is rich in mineral elements, so that the soil is revived, and the roots of crops are promoted to absorb nutrients; the soil gap can be increased, and the development of root groups is promoted; the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil can be improved; can supplement soil organic fertilizer later and slowly release nutrient elements required by crop growth; the soil permeability can be increased, and the irrigation and drainage benefits can be improved; the price is low, and the utility model can be popularized and used.

Description

Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizers, in particular to an organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of agriculture and the improvement of living standard of people, especially after WTO is added in China, the quality of products is improved, the market competitiveness of the products is enhanced, the agricultural production cost is reduced, the improvement of the production benefits of the products is a key point for agricultural development and income increase of farmers, and the selection of fertilizers is a crucial ring which is insurmountable for achieving the purposes.
With the deepening of green products, the production of the green products is inevitable in social development and is also a choice in the market, and organic fertilizers are the guarantee for producing the green products and become the code of the green products.
However, in the prior art, a large amount of chemical fertilizers are used in the planting process of crops and vegetables to provide nutrients required by the growth of the crops, so that the purposes of increasing both production and income are achieved. However, the use of chemical fertilizers can bring about the following various adverse effects. Firstly, the acidity of the soil is changed, and calcium superphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and the like belong to acid fertilizers, namely after plants absorb nutrient ions in the fertilizers, hydrogen ions in the soil are increased, and the soil is easily acidified. This can occur in a short period of time when large quantities of fertilizer are applied over a long period of time, especially when a single variety of fertilizer is continuously applied. The acidification of the soil can result in the release of toxic substances or enhance the toxicity of the toxic substances, thereby having adverse effects on organisms. The soil acidification can also dissolve some nutrient substances in the soil, and the nutrient substances can permeate downwards to replenish underground water under the action of rainfall and irrigation, so that the nutrient components are lost, the soil is barren, and the growth of crops is influenced. Secondly, soil hardening and fertility reduction are caused. The permeability, the air permeability, the buffering property and the exchange property are extremely poor; when the fertilizer is used too much, a large amount of NH4+, K + and cations such as Ca2+, Mg2+ adsorbed by soil colloid exchange, so that the soil structure is damaged, and the soil is hardened. The application of a large amount of chemical fertilizer causes the reduction of organic matters in the soil due to the lack of the land, the chemical fertilizer cannot compensate the lack of the organic matters, the survival of soil microorganisms is further influenced, the soil fertility structure is destroyed, and the fertilizer efficiency is reduced. Thirdly, the soil is polluted by harmful substances. The mineral raw materials and chemical raw materials for manufacturing the chemical fertilizers contain various heavy metal radioactive substances and other harmful components, and the heavy metal radioactive substances and the other harmful components are applied to farmland soil along with the fertilizer to cause pollution. And fourthly, the quality of crops is reduced, nitrite seriously exceeds the standard, the health of human beings is seriously influenced, and the harmony between human beings and the nature is seriously influenced. And fifthly, the soil is the essence of the land and is also an important production material which can not be replaced by human survival. Organic matters in the land are destroyed, energy cycle is destroyed, soil essence is destroyed, ecological imbalance is caused, and social progress and national economy development are restricted.
In addition, in the growth process of crops, the crops are attacked by diseases and insect pests, and in order to reduce or eliminate the influence of the diseases and the pests on the crops, various pesticides are used in the planting stage and the growth stage of the crops, so that not only is the pollution of soil, water and atmosphere brought, but also the pesticides can be absorbed by the crops, so that agricultural products contain pesticide residues, and the life and the health of human beings are seriously threatened.
Based on the above practical situation, there is a need to invent a novel organic fertilizer to reduce the usage of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and achieve the purposes of increasing the yield and income of crops, reducing the attack of plant diseases and insect pests, and reducing environmental pollution. The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned object.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides an organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme:
an organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of dry sheep manure, 20-30 parts of humic acid, 10-20 parts of tobacco, 5-12 parts of peat soil, 10-15 parts of straw ash, 5-10 parts of egg shell, 4-9 parts of animal bone meal and 3-7 parts of pepper, wherein the tobacco is one or a mixture of more of tobacco leaves, tobacco powder and tobacco stems.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, crushing the dry sheep manure in parts by weight, putting the crushed dry sheep manure into a steam disinfection room, keeping the temperature of the steam disinfection room at 80-100 ℃, disinfecting for 20-30 minutes, taking out the crushed dry sheep manure, and cooling the temperature to 30-40 ℃ for later use;
secondly, placing the eggshells in parts by weight under the sun for insolation for 1-2 days, and crushing after the eggshells become dry and crisp;
step three, soaking the pepper in the proper amount of water for 8-12 hours to obtain pepper water for later use;
step four, uniformly stirring the tobacco, the animal bone meal, the humic acid, the sheep manure obtained in the step one and the egg shell obtained in the step two in parts by weight, and adding the pepper water obtained in the step three in the stirring process to ensure that the water content of the mixture is 50-60%;
step five, stacking the mixture obtained in the step four in a trapezoid manner, covering the surface of the mixture with a black plastic film, stacking the mixture for 20-30 days in an environment with the temperature of 15-30 ℃, turning the mixture, adding the straw ash in parts by weight in the process of turning the mixture, uniformly mixing the straw ash, covering the mixture with a film, stacking the film for 20-30 days, spreading the film, adding the peat soil in parts by weight, and uniformly mixing the peat soil in parts by weight;
and sixthly, naturally drying the material obtained in the step pentagon, crushing or granulating, and packaging.
The straw ash is prepared by burning corn straws into ash.
In the step one, the dried sheep manure is crushed into 10-100 meshes.
The peat soil is sphagnum peat soil.
In the second step, the eggshells are crushed into 20-140 meshes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the main chemical components in the tobacco comprise carbohydrate accounting for about 50 percent, nicotine accounting for about 1 to 4 percent, resin, polyphenol, lignin and the like accounting for about 15 percent, protein accounting for about 30 percent and ash accounting for about 13 percent; wherein the nicotine can kill insects and insects, effectively expel underground pests, kill bacteria and mites, inhibit soil-borne diseases and effectively prevent and control underground nematodes; the aromatic substances of phenol, aldehyde, waken and lipid and the organic acid belong to natural plant growth regulators and promote the growth of crop roots; the monosaccharide, the disaccharide, the polysaccharide and other saccharide substances, the cellulose, the lignin, the humic acid and the like have unique effects in improving the soil and have great effects in improving organic matter components of the soil;
2. the straw ash in the invention is rich in potassium element and contains various elements such as silicon, calcium and the like. The potassium element is closely related to a plurality of metabolic processes in the plant body, and can promote photosynthesis and transportation of photosynthetic products; can promote protein synthesis; the stress resistance of the plant can be enhanced; the disease resistance, cold resistance, drought resistance, lodging resistance and salt resistance of crops can be enhanced; the quality of crop products can be improved, the protein content of grain crops, the crude fat and palmitic acid content of oil crops, and the starch and sugar content of potato and sugar crops are improved; the length, strength and fineness of the fiber of fiber crops and cotton can be increased; adjusting the sugar-acid ratio of the fruits and increasing the content of vitamin C; can improve the shape, size, color and flavor of fruits and vegetables, and enhance the storability. Under the big background that China lacks potassium resources, the fertilizer produced by using the straw ash rich in potassium has good market prospect;
3. the eggshell is rich in elements such as calcium, phosphorus and the like, can well add nutrients in soil, supplement more minerals to the soil, can promote flower bud differentiation of plants, and can also improve the immunity of the plants; the eggshell does not cause the soil to be alkaline, has good neutralization effect on the pH value of the soil, and is helpful for the growth of plants in the later period;
4. the animal bone powder mainly contains plant essential phosphorus and a plurality of trace elements, is a long-acting organic fertilizer, does not burn seedlings or plate soil after being used, and has the effects of improving the stress resistance of plants, improving soil, promoting flowers and strengthening fruits.
5. The peat soil has high organic matter content, can effectively improve the soil environment, and is beneficial to plant growth.
In conclusion, the fertilizer is rich in mineral elements, can improve beneficial microbial floras, promote the propagation of beneficial microorganisms, quickly decompose soil nutrients (N.K.P and trace elements), revive soil and promote the roots of crops to absorb nutrients; can promote the physical structure of soil, increase the soil gap and promote the development of root groups; the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil can be improved, and the fertility loss caused by leaching loss is reduced; can supplement soil organic fertilizer later and slowly release nutrient elements required by crop growth; the soil permeability can be increased, and the irrigation and drainage benefits can be improved; the dry sheep manure is sterilized in a steam disinfection room and then fermented at high temperature, so that the dry sheep manure is completely corroded, does not contain germs, worm eggs, grass seeds and the like, and reduces the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests; can effectively improve the soil quality and increase the soil fertility without intercropping or rotation planting; the organic activity of the soil can be increased, and the purposes of ecological balance and continuous operation of the soil are achieved; finally, the organic fertilizer is low in price and can be popularized and used.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
An organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of dry sheep manure, 20 parts of humic acid, 10 parts of tobacco, 5 parts of peat soil, 10 parts of straw ash, 5 parts of egg shell, 4 parts of animal bone meal and 3 parts of pepper, wherein the tobacco is tobacco powder.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step one, crushing the dry sheep manure in parts by weight, putting the crushed dry sheep manure into a steam disinfection room, keeping the temperature of the steam disinfection room at 80 ℃, disinfecting for 30 minutes, taking out the crushed dry sheep manure, and cooling the temperature to 30 ℃ for later use;
placing the eggshells in parts by weight under the sun for insolation for 1 day, and crushing after the eggshells become dry and crisp;
step three, soaking the pepper in the proper amount of water for 8 hours to obtain pepper water for later use;
step four, uniformly stirring the tobacco, the animal bone meal, the humic acid, the sheep manure obtained in the step one and the egg shell obtained in the step two in parts by weight, and adding the pepper water obtained in the step three in the stirring process to enable the water content of the mixture to be 50%;
step five, stacking the mixture obtained in the step four in a trapezoid manner, covering the surface of the mixture with a black plastic film, stacking the mixture for 30 days in an environment with the temperature of 15 ℃, turning the mixture, adding the straw ash in parts by weight in the process of turning the mixture, uniformly mixing the straw ash, covering the film on the mixture, stacking the straw ash for 30 days, spreading the straw ash, adding the peat soil in parts by weight in the mixture, and uniformly mixing the peat soil in parts by weight;
and step six, naturally drying the materials obtained in the step five, crushing or granulating, and packaging.
Example 2
An organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of dry sheep manure, 25 parts of humic acid, 15 parts of tobacco, 8 parts of peat soil, 12 parts of straw ash, 7 parts of egg shell, 6 parts of animal bone meal and 5 parts of pepper, wherein the tobacco is a mixture of tobacco powder and tobacco stems. The straw ash is prepared by burning corn straws into ash.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step one, crushing the dry sheep manure in parts by weight, putting the crushed dry sheep manure into a steam disinfection room, keeping the temperature of the steam disinfection room at 90 ℃, disinfecting for 25 minutes, and taking out the crushed dry sheep manure until the temperature is reduced to 35 ℃ for later use; the dried sheep manure is crushed into 10 meshes;
secondly, placing the eggshells in parts by weight under the sun for insolation for 1.5 days, and crushing after the eggshells become dry and crisp; the eggshell is crushed into 20 meshes.
Step three, soaking the pepper in the proper amount of water for 10 hours to obtain pepper water for later use;
step four, uniformly stirring the tobacco, the animal bone meal, the humic acid, the sheep manure obtained in the step one and the egg shell obtained in the step two in parts by weight, and adding the pepper water obtained in the step three in the stirring process to enable the water content of the mixture to be 60%;
step five, stacking the mixture obtained in the step four in a trapezoid manner, covering the surface of the mixture with a black plastic film, stacking the mixture for 25 days in an environment with the temperature of 25 ℃, turning the mixture, adding the straw ash in parts by weight in the process of turning the mixture, uniformly mixing the straw ash, covering a film on the film, stacking the film for 25 days, spreading the film, adding the peat soil in parts by weight, and uniformly mixing the peat soil in parts by weight;
and step six, naturally drying the materials obtained in the step five, crushing or granulating, and packaging.
Example 3
An organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of dry sheep manure, 30 parts of humic acid, 20 parts of tobacco, 12 parts of peat soil, 15 parts of straw ash, 10 parts of egg shell, 9 parts of animal bone meal and 7 parts of pepper, wherein the tobacco is a mixture of tobacco powder and tobacco stems.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step one, crushing the dry sheep manure in parts by weight, putting the crushed dry sheep manure into a steam disinfection room, keeping the temperature of the steam disinfection room at 100 ℃, disinfecting for 20 minutes, and taking out the crushed dry sheep manure until the temperature is reduced to 40 ℃ for later use;
placing the eggshells in parts by weight under the sun for insolation for 2 days, and crushing after the eggshells become dry and crisp;
step three, soaking the pepper in the proper amount of water for 12 hours to obtain pepper water for later use;
step four, uniformly stirring the tobacco, the animal bone meal, the humic acid, the sheep manure obtained in the step one and the egg shell obtained in the step two in parts by weight, and adding the pepper water obtained in the step three in the stirring process to enable the water content of the mixture to be 55%;
step five, stacking the mixture obtained in the step four in a trapezoid manner, covering the surface of the mixture with a black plastic film, stacking the mixture for 20 days in an environment with the temperature of 30 ℃, turning the mixture, adding the straw ash in parts by weight in the process of turning the mixture, uniformly mixing the straw ash, covering the mixture with a film, stacking the film for 20 days, spreading the film, adding the peat soil in parts by weight, and uniformly mixing the peat soil in parts by weight;
and step six, naturally drying the materials obtained in the step five, crushing or granulating, and packaging.
The above description is only a preferred example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. An organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of dry sheep manure, 20-30 parts of humic acid, 10-20 parts of tobacco, 5-12 parts of peat soil, 10-15 parts of straw ash, 5-10 parts of egg shell, 4-9 parts of animal bone meal and 3-7 parts of pepper, wherein the tobacco is one or a mixture of more of tobacco leaves, tobacco powder and tobacco stems.
2. A method for preparing the organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, crushing the dry sheep manure in parts by weight, putting the crushed dry sheep manure into a steam disinfection room, keeping the temperature of the steam disinfection room at 80-100 ℃, disinfecting for 20-30 minutes, taking out the crushed dry sheep manure, and cooling the temperature to 30-40 ℃ for later use;
secondly, placing the eggshells in parts by weight under the sun for insolation for 1-2 days, and crushing after the eggshells become dry and crisp;
step three, soaking the pepper in the proper amount of water for 8-12 hours to obtain pepper water for later use;
step four, uniformly stirring the tobacco, the animal bone meal, the humic acid, the sheep manure obtained in the step one and the egg shell obtained in the step two in parts by weight, and adding the pepper water obtained in the step three in the stirring process to ensure that the water content of the mixture is 50-60%;
step five, stacking the mixture obtained in the step four in a trapezoid manner, covering the surface of the mixture with a black plastic film, stacking the mixture for 20-30 days in an environment with the temperature of 15-30 ℃, turning the mixture, adding the straw ash in parts by weight in the process of turning the mixture, uniformly mixing the straw ash, covering the mixture with a film, stacking the film for 20-30 days, spreading the film, adding the peat soil in parts by weight, and uniformly mixing the peat soil in parts by weight;
and step six, naturally drying the materials obtained in the step five, crushing or granulating, and packaging.
3. The method for preparing an organic fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein: the straw ash is prepared by burning corn straws into ash.
4. The method for preparing an organic fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein: in the step one, the dried sheep manure is crushed into 10-100 meshes.
5. The method for preparing an organic fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein: the peat soil is sphagnum peat soil.
6. The method for preparing an organic fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein: in the second step, the eggshells are crushed into 20-140 meshes.
CN202010315787.6A 2020-04-21 2020-04-21 Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Pending CN111574271A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112759479A (en) * 2021-01-07 2021-05-07 河北桂花有机肥有限公司 Sheep manure organic biological fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN113307665A (en) * 2021-06-21 2021-08-27 巢湖市祥慧湖羊养殖有限公司 Method for preparing environment-friendly organic fertilizer by using sheep manure
CN115557810A (en) * 2022-09-29 2023-01-03 宁夏巨泰农业科技发展有限公司 Special lodging-resistant fertilizer for corn

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CN105967781A (en) * 2016-05-11 2016-09-28 昆明线敌生物科技有限公司 Functional organic fertilizer with effects of fertilizing soil and expelling parasites
CN106916029A (en) * 2015-12-24 2017-07-04 广安市鲲鹏农业科技开发专业合作社 Composite organic fertilizer and preparation method
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CN107235808A (en) * 2017-08-02 2017-10-10 合肥浦邦农业科技有限公司 A kind of organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN108033859A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-05-15 潍坊友容实业有限公司 One kind improvement salt-soda soil organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN108117463A (en) * 2018-02-08 2018-06-05 合肥雪立歆农业科技有限公司 A kind of vegetable cultivation high efficiency ecological organic fertilizer material and preparation method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101734962A (en) * 2009-12-25 2010-06-16 云南澄江立杉生物工程有限公司 Tobacco powder biological organic fertilizer formula and production method thereof
CN106916029A (en) * 2015-12-24 2017-07-04 广安市鲲鹏农业科技开发专业合作社 Composite organic fertilizer and preparation method
CN106916028A (en) * 2015-12-24 2017-07-04 广安市鲲鹏农业科技开发专业合作社 Organic fertilizer and preparation method
CN105967781A (en) * 2016-05-11 2016-09-28 昆明线敌生物科技有限公司 Functional organic fertilizer with effects of fertilizing soil and expelling parasites
CN107235808A (en) * 2017-08-02 2017-10-10 合肥浦邦农业科技有限公司 A kind of organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN108033859A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-05-15 潍坊友容实业有限公司 One kind improvement salt-soda soil organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN108117463A (en) * 2018-02-08 2018-06-05 合肥雪立歆农业科技有限公司 A kind of vegetable cultivation high efficiency ecological organic fertilizer material and preparation method thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112759479A (en) * 2021-01-07 2021-05-07 河北桂花有机肥有限公司 Sheep manure organic biological fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN113307665A (en) * 2021-06-21 2021-08-27 巢湖市祥慧湖羊养殖有限公司 Method for preparing environment-friendly organic fertilizer by using sheep manure
CN115557810A (en) * 2022-09-29 2023-01-03 宁夏巨泰农业科技发展有限公司 Special lodging-resistant fertilizer for corn

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