CN111551714B - 一种新型冠状病毒IgM抗体荧光免疫法检测试剂盒 - Google Patents

一种新型冠状病毒IgM抗体荧光免疫法检测试剂盒 Download PDF

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CN111551714B
CN111551714B CN202010417183.2A CN202010417183A CN111551714B CN 111551714 B CN111551714 B CN 111551714B CN 202010417183 A CN202010417183 A CN 202010417183A CN 111551714 B CN111551714 B CN 111551714B
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刘萍
黄爱龙
栾大伟
刘朝阳
朱伶
刘云文
李克锦
汪德强
陈娟
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Tianjin Boasaisi Biotechnology Co ltd
Chongqing Medical University
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Abstract

本发明创造提供了一种新型冠状病毒IgM抗体荧光免疫法检测试剂盒,包括设有包被板和标记垫的检测卡,所述包被板的检测区包被有新型冠状病毒抗原,质控区包被有羊抗鼠IgG或驴抗羊IgG。本发明创造所述的试剂盒与现有核酸检测试剂盒相比具有操作简便,速度快,成本低,对实验室要求低,配套设备小巧、便携等特点。

Description

一种新型冠状病毒IgM抗体荧光免疫法检测试剂盒
技术领域
本发明创造属于免疫分析医学领域,尤其是涉及一种新型冠状病毒IgM抗体荧光免疫法检测试剂盒。
背景技术
冠状病毒属于单股正链RNA病毒,既往已知感染人的冠状病毒有6种,即HCoV-229E、HCoV-OC43、SARSr-CoV、HCoV-NL63、HCoV-HKU1和MERSr-CoV。新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)属于第7种。
新型冠状病毒肺炎是一种急性感染性肺炎,其病原体是一种先前未在人类中发现的新型冠状病毒,即2019新型冠状病毒。经呼吸道飞沫和密切接触传播是主要的传播途径,在相对封闭的环境中长时间暴露于高浓度气溶胶情况中存在经气溶胶传播的可能。患者初始症状多为发热,乏力和干咳,并逐渐出现呼吸困难等严重表现。多数患者预后良好,部分严重病例可出现急性呼吸窘迫综合征或脓毒症休克,甚至死亡。
目前临床实验室的检测方法主要依靠核酸检测,但核酸检测要在有条件和资质的实验室进行,存在检测时间长、样本采集要求高、步骤多、场地和设备要求高等不足,难以大规模开展。而用胶体金技术进行抗体检测,可在样本量少或初诊使用。解决核酸检测误诊和漏诊、速度慢、通量低、成本高(150元/人,免疫学检测成本仅需15-30元/人)、实验室条件要求高的问题。胶体金检测试剂便携,不需要专用设备,可在流动车上使用。IgM可用于新型冠状病毒感染肺炎原发感染或继发感染急性期的临床辅助诊断。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明创造旨在提出一种新型冠状病毒IgM抗体荧光免疫法检测试剂盒,与现有核酸检测试剂盒相比具有操作简便,速度快,成本低,对实验室要求低,可肉眼判读结果等特点。
为达到上述目的,本发明创造的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种新型冠状病毒IgM抗体荧光免疫法检测试剂盒,包括设有包被板和标记垫的检测卡,所述包被板的检测区包被有新型冠状病毒抗原,质控区包被有羊抗鼠IgG或驴抗羊IgG。
优选地,所述新型冠状病毒抗原中的新型冠状病毒抗原包括如表1所示的氨基酸序列的重组抗原,
表1重组抗原的氨基酸系列信息
优选的,所述标记垫上固化有包含荧光标记的抗人IgM的工作液,所述工作液的制备方法包括如下步骤:
将荧光标记物用0.05M BB PH为7.4-8.0的缓冲液配制成1:10-1:5的溶液,混匀后在14000-20000RPM,2-8℃条件下离心,弃上清,用0.02-0.1M的MES或BB缓冲液复溶,PH为6.0-8.0复溶后加入新配制的浓度为10-25mg/mL的碳二亚胺溶液10-100μL,吹吸混匀后,向其中加入100-200微克/毫升的抗人IgM,常温混匀2-4小时后,14000-20000RPM,2-8℃条件下离心,弃上清,用0.05-0.1M MES或BB缓冲液复溶至原体积,混匀后加入牛血清蛋白/甘氨酸中的一种或几种,封闭2-4小时,加糖后即得。(2-8℃保存备用。)
进一步的,所述荧光标记抗人IgM经过荧光标记抗人IgM复溶液稀释后使用,所述荧光标记抗人IgM复溶液包括如下组分:
0.05-0.1M PH为7.4-8.0的PB;质量百分比为0.5-2%的蔗糖;质量百分比0.5-1.5%的牛血清蛋白;质量百分比为0.1-0.5%的PEG20000;体积百分比为0.3-2%的TritonX-100。
进一步的,所述荧光标记抗人IgM与荧光标记抗人IgM复溶液按照重量比为1:2-1:20的比例稀释。
进一步的,所述试剂盒还包括样本稀释液,所述样本稀释液由包括如下组分制得:0.05-0.1M PH值为7.0-7.5的HEPES;质量百分比0.1-0.5%的海藻糖;质量百分比0.5-1%的NaCl;质量百分比0.5-1.5%的牛血清蛋白;质量百分比0.05-0.1%的Casein-Na;质量百分比0.1-0.5%的TW-20;质量百分比0.05-0.2%的EDTA-2Na。
进一步的,所述样本稀释液与将待测样本按照体积比为10:1的比例稀释。
进一步的,所述荧光标记物为羧基荧光微球、异硫氰酸荧光素、罗丹明及其衍生物中的一种。
进一步的,当质控区包被羊抗鼠IgG时,所述抗人IgM为鼠抗人IgM,当质控区包被驴抗羊IgG时,所述抗人IgM为羊抗人IgM。
本试剂盒采用免疫层析法,将需要检测的血液样本与含有抗人IgM包被的荧光微球颗粒的样本缓冲液充分混合,若样本中存在IgM抗体,则与荧光微球表面包被的抗人IgM结合,形成“二抗-抗体-荧光微球”复合物;当该复合物在硝酸纤维素膜上移行时,可在包被有2019-nCOV重组抗原的检测区(T区)结合,形成“二抗-抗体-抗原-荧光微球”复合物,未结合样本中IgM的荧光微球标记抗人IgM与则在包被有羊抗鼠或驴抗羊的质控区(C区)被捕获,反应后的检测卡利用配套使用的荧光免疫分析仪测量检测区和质控区内的荧光强度,通过与内置cutoff荧光信号的比较进行阴阳性判定。
相对于现有技术,本发明创造所述的新型冠状病毒IgM抗体荧光免疫法检测试剂盒具有以下优势:
附图说明
图1为本发明试剂盒的制备工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
除有定义外,以下实施例中所用的技术术语具有与本发明创造所属领域技术人员普遍理解的相同含义。以下实施例中所用的试验试剂,如无特殊说明,均为常规生化试剂;所述实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。
下面结合实施例来详细说明本发明创造。
本发明所述的新型冠状病毒IgM抗体荧光免疫法检测试剂盒,本试剂盒中使用的新型冠状病毒抗原为2019-nCOV重组抗原,所述2019-nCOV重组抗原的氨基酸序列如下所示,
表1重组抗原的氨基酸系列信息
本实施例所述的试剂盒的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1.工作液
1.1鼠抗人IgM-荧光微球制备方法
将荧光微球用0.05MBB PH为7.6的缓冲液配制成1:10的溶液,混匀后在12000RPM,2-8℃条件下离心,弃上清,用0.05M的MES缓冲液复溶,PH为6.0复溶后加入新配制的浓度为15mg/mL的碳二亚胺溶液20μL,吹吸混匀后,向其中加入新配制的浓度为15mg/mL的N-羟基硫代琥珀酰亚胺溶液10μL,常温混匀10min,离心处理,弃上清,用0.1M的Tris缓冲液复溶至原体积;向其中加入150微克/毫升的鼠抗人IgM,常温混匀4小时,加入牛血清蛋白和/或甘氨酸中的一种或几种,封闭2小时,离心处理,弃上清,用0.1M含糖的MES缓冲液复溶至原体积得到荧光标记鼠抗人IgM(2-8度保存备用)。
1.2荧光标记鼠抗人IgM复溶液的配制
将PH为8.0的0.1M BB加入海藻糖0.3%,甘氨酸0.2%,牛血清蛋白0.8%,Casein-Na 0.15%,TW-20 0.5%(均为质量分数,TW-20为体积分数)混合均匀即得。
2.样本稀释液配制
将0.05M PH值为7.0的HEPES;质量百分比0.5%的海藻糖;质量百分比0.6%的NaCl;质量百分比0.1%的Casein-Na;体积百分比0.3%的TW-20;质量百分比0.08%的EDTA-2Na。
3.检测卡
3.1制备方法
荧光标记垫:将荧光标记的鼠抗人IgM与荧光标记鼠抗人IgM复溶液按1:10稀释,喷涂在玻纤膜或聚酯膜膜材上,处理量为40-100微升每平方厘米,37℃条件下,烘干12小时,即得荧光标记垫。
需要说明的是,作为本发明的另一种实施方式,检测卡中也可不包括荧光标记垫,此时工作液单独在2-8度保存备用,保质期12个月,需要检测时,将稀释后的待测样本加入至复溶液稀释后的鼠抗人IgM-荧光微球溶液中,在加至检测卡中进行检测。
样品垫:样品垫处理液为pH=7.4的PB缓冲液,含量量百分比0.9%的NaCl,质量百分比1.2%的蔗糖,TW-20 0.5%,将样品垫处理液以60微升每平方厘米的量,喷涂或浸泡玻纤膜或聚酯膜,37℃条件下,烘干12小时,即得样品垫。
滤血膜:可直接使用;也可以经过抗RBC抗体处理后使用,处理浓度可以在0.05mg/ml,处理量为60微升每平方厘米,37℃条件下,烘干12小时。可起到拦截血液样本中的红细胞的作用。
贴膜:将硝酸纤维素膜和吸水滤纸粘贴于PVC板上。
包被:分别将羊抗鼠IgG及2019-nCOV抗原配制成溶液,使用划膜喷金仪将0.5mg/mL的羊抗鼠IgG包被在C线的位置,使用划膜喷金仪将1.5mg/mL的2019-nCOV抗原包被在T线的位置,37℃干燥后得到包被的硝酸纤维素膜;
贴板:将吸水纸、NC膜、荧光标记垫、滤血膜、样品垫依次搭接的粘贴在PVC板上组成试剂板;
切条:用斩切机将试剂板分切成4.0±0.2mm的试剂条;
装卡:将试剂条装入卡中扣合;
贴签:按要求在试剂条、铝箔袋、包装盒、缓冲液管上粘贴对应的标签;
装袋封口:将试剂卡及干燥剂装入铝箔袋中,使用连续封口机封口;
3.2使用要求
在2~30℃条件下储存,有效期12个月;铝箔袋开封后,应2小时内使用。
4.企业参考品
企业参考品,包括阴性参考品,阳性参考品,最低检出限参考品,精密度参考品。
4.1阴性参考品
对10份企业阴性参考品进行检测,结果不得出现假阳性。制备方法,经过核酸多次检测的10份正常人2019-nCoV-IgM阴性血清,灭活后,每份分装量为0.5mL,-20℃保存。
4.2阳性参考品
对10份企业阳性参考品进行检测,结果不得出现假阴性。制备方法,经过核酸多次检测后的10份2019-nCoV-IgM抗体阳性血清,灭活后,每份分装量为0.5mL,-20℃保存。
4.3最低检出限参考品
对企业参考品中的灵敏度参考品进行检测,结果是企业参考品的最低检出限不低于L2。制备方法,将1份2019-nCoV-IgM抗体阳性血清灭活后,用含有牛血清的稀释液进行系列稀释(L1-L4),要求最低检出限的企业参考品不低于L2。每份灵敏度参考品分装量为0.5mL,-20℃保存。
4.4精密度参考品
对精密性参考品进行检测,10次反应结果均为阳性,且T线显色度均一。制备方法,取2019-nCoV-IgM抗体阳性样本,灭活后作为精密性参考品,每份分装量为0.5mL,-20℃保存。
试剂盒的检测方法:
1.使用相配套的荧光免疫分析仪Axceed p200:开机后进入样本检测界面。
2.用移液器取50μL血液样本(血清、血浆或全血)加入到样本稀释液中(血液样本与样本稀释液以体积比为1:10混合),用移液器反复混匀至少10次。
3.用移液器取100μL经过充分混匀和反应后的样本缓冲液加入到检测卡的加样孔中并计时。
4.加样15min后,将检测卡插入到仪器卡槽中并选择样本类型,立即点击“检测”键,在1分钟内完成检测。
5.记录或连接打印机打印结果,或将检测结果上传到相连接的信息化管理软件。
6.以上实验过程在25℃±1℃环境中进行。
实验过程应注意:
1.操作过程需要保持连续性。
2.除非检测卡准备即刻使用,否则必须将其保存在密封铝箔袋中。一旦打开铝箔袋,须于2小时内使用,使用后,请丢弃处理,禁止重复使用。
3.缓冲液请避光保存,请勿长时间暴露在光线直接照射中。
4.缓冲液在使用前应恢复至室温。
质量控制:
当检测界面提示“质控值过低”时,需重新检测。
阳性判断值
根据684份血清样本检测结果,经统计学分析,2019-nCoV阴性样本结果呈正偏态分布,临界值(cut-off)定为:临界值=阳性对照均值×0.1+阴性对照均值。
检验结果的解释:
样本S/CO=样本T/C值/cut-off。
阴性判断:样品T/C值<临界值(cut-off),样本S/CO<1.0,检测结果判为阴性;
阳性判断:样品T/C值≥临界值(cut-off),样本S/CO≥1.0,检测结果判为阳性;
该产品临床试验以《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案》明确的疾病确诊/排除标准为对比,选取788例病例,其中确诊病例538例,排除病例250例。试验结果显示,该产品临床灵敏度88.8%、特异度为95.6%。
将三批连续生产的产品存放在37℃温箱,分别在第0天、第7天、第21天、第30天和第35天进行检测,检测产品的物理性能、最低检出限、精密度和准确性。
数据:
以上所述仅为本发明创造的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明创造,凡在本发明创造的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明创造的保护范围之内。
序列表
<110> 博奥赛斯(天津)生物科技有限公司
<120> 一种新型冠状病毒IgM抗体荧光免疫法检测试剂盒
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Claims (6)

1.一种新型冠状病毒IgM抗体荧光免疫法检测试剂盒,其特征在于:包括设有包被板和标记垫的检测卡,所述包被板的检测区包被有新型冠状病毒抗原,质控区包被有羊抗鼠IgG或驴抗羊IgG;
所述新型冠状病毒抗原包括如下所示的氨基酸序列的重组抗原:
所述标记垫上固化有包含荧光标记的抗人IgM的工作液,所述工作液的制备方法包括如下步骤:
将荧光标记物用0.05MBB PH为7.4-8.0的缓冲液配制成1:10-1:5的溶液,混匀后在14000-20000RPM,2-8℃条件下离心,弃上清,用0.05-0.1M的HEPES或MES缓冲液复溶,PH为5.5-6.0复溶后加入新配制的浓度为15-35mg/mL的碳二亚胺溶液10-100μL,吹吸混匀后,向其中加入新配制的浓度为15-35mg/mL的N-羟基硫代琥珀酰亚胺溶液10-100μL,常温混匀10-30min,离心处理,弃上清,用0.05-0.1M的Tris或CB缓冲液复溶至原体积;向其中加入100-200微克/毫升的抗人IgM,常温混匀2-4小时,加入牛血清蛋白和/或甘氨酸中的一种或几种,封闭0.5-2小时,离心处理,弃上清,用0.05-0.1M含糖的MES或BB缓冲液复溶至原体积得到荧光标记抗人IgM。
2.根据权利要求1所述的新型冠状病毒IgM抗体荧光免疫法检测试剂盒,其特征在于:所述荧光标记抗人IgM经过荧光标记抗人IgM复溶液稀释后使用,所述荧光标记抗人IgM复溶液包括如下组分:0.05-0.1M PH为7.4-8.0的BB;质量百分比为0.1-0.5%的海藻糖;质量百分比为0.2-0.5%甘氨酸;质量百分比为0.5-1.5%的牛血清蛋白,质量百分比为0.1-0.3%的Casein-Na;体积百分比为0.3-1%的TW-20。
3.根据权利要求1所述的新型冠状病毒IgM抗体荧光免疫法检测试剂盒,其特征在于:所述荧光标记抗人IgM与荧光标记抗人IgM复溶液按照重量比为1:10的比例稀释。
4.根据权利要求1所述的新型冠状病毒IgM抗体荧光免疫法检测试剂盒,其特征在于:所述试剂盒还包括样本稀释液,所述样本稀释液由包括如下组分制得:0.05-0.1M PH值为7.0-7.5的HEPES;质量百分比0.1-0.5%的海藻糖;质量百分比0.5-1%的NaCl;质量百分比0.5-1.5%的牛血清蛋白;质量百分比0.05-0.1%的Casein-Na;体积百分比0.1-0.5%的TW-20;质量百分比0.05-0.2%的EDTA-2Na。
5.根据权利要求1所述的新型冠状病毒IgM抗体荧光免疫法检测试剂盒,其特征在于:所述荧光标记物为羧基荧光微球、异硫氰酸荧光素、罗丹明及其衍生物中的一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的新型冠状病毒IgM抗体荧光免疫法检测试剂盒,其特征在于:当质控区包被羊抗鼠IgG时,所述抗人IgM为鼠抗人IgM,当质控区包被驴抗羊IgG时,所述抗人IgM为羊抗人IgM。
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