CN111492933A

CN111492933A - Magnolia denudata seedling growing compound soil and preparation method and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111492933A
Application number: CN202010303027.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张冬梅; 张浪; 傅仁杰; 有祥亮; 尹丽娟; 陈香波; 罗玉兰; 崔健
Original assignee: Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning
Current assignee: Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning
Priority date: 2020-04-16
Filing date: 2020-04-16
Publication date: 2020-08-07

Abstract

The invention discloses magnolia denudata seedling growing compound soil as well as a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the compound soil comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 75-85% of seedling raising substrate soil, 14.586-24.382% of decomposed organic fertilizer, 0.1-0.2% of bud promoting agent, 0.002-0.004% of root promoting powder, 0.005-0.015% of chelating agent and 0.15-0.4% of bacteria liquid. The prepared soil overcomes the original adverse conditions of the soil in the stringy triangularis coastal region, further promotes the recovery of the damaged roots of the stocks and the germination of the buds, and can be widely applied to the propagation and popularization of the magnolia denudata seedlings in each nursery base in the stringy triangularis.

Description

Magnolia denudata seedling growing compound soil and preparation method and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tree planting, in particular to magnolia denudata seedling growing compound soil and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

White magnolia is a variety of white flowers in magnolia, also called magnolia, magnolia and the like, a fallen leaf arbor, up to 17 m, a famous flower and tree in China, an important flower and tree in early spring in the north, and a flower in Shanghai city, has a cultivation history of about 2500 years, is a famous and precious ornamental tree in a garden, is planted in front of pavilions, platforms, buildings and pavilions in ancient times, is commonly planted in a single planting and scattered planting in gardens and factories or is planted on two sides of a road.

The white magnolia is suitable for growing on subacid soil with good ventilation, good drainage and sufficient fertility. The soil in the long triangular coastal area is faced with the restriction factors of tight soil, poor air permeability, partial alkali in soil, lack of nutrition and the like when white magnolia is introduced, so that the growth and survival of white magnolia seedlings in the sea are very difficult and the white magnolia seedlings cannot be planted smoothly. And the rapid propagation of the good varieties of the magnolia denudata is mainly promoted by a stock grafting technology, but the suitable living environments of two stock seedlings of the magnolia denudata, namely the magnolia denudata and the michelia chapensis, are the meta-acid brown loam developed by the magma, so when the stocks are introduced into a long triangular coastal area mainly comprising paddy soil, moisture soil and even salinized soil, the root system poor growth can be caused due to the great difference of soil environments, and finally the tree vigor is weakened and died. Therefore, it is a very serious problem to ensure the good growth of the seedlings of magnolia denudata in the long-triangulation coastal region.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the background art, the application provides the magnolia denudata seedling growing compound soil and the preparation method and the application thereof, which not only overcome the original adverse conditions of the soil in the stringy triangularis, but also further promote the recovery of the damaged roots of the rootstocks and the germination of the buds, and can be widely applied to the propagation and the popularization of the magnolia denudata seedlings in each nursery base in the stringy triangularis.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is that the magnolia denudata seedling culture compound soil comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 75-85% of seedling raising substrate soil, 14.586-24.382% of decomposed organic fertilizer, 0.1-0.2% of bud promoting agent, 0.002-0.004% of root promoting powder, 0.005-0.015% of chelating agent and 0.15-0.4% of bacteria liquid.

Further, the germination promoter comprises gibberellin.

Further, the root promoting powder comprises ABT rooting powder.

Further, the chelating agent comprises diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid.

Further, the bacterial liquid comprises trichoderma harzianum.

Furthermore, the components of the seedling substrate soil comprise, by mass, 20% -40% of large-particle quartz sand, 20% -40% of vermiculite, 5% -7% of turfy soil, 10% -20% of river sand, 1% -4% of pyrite powder and 12% -20% of furnace slag.

Further, the decomposed organic fertilizer comprises, by mass, 10-50% of chicken manure, 0-30% of horse manure, 10-30% of straws, 0-20% of cassava residues and 20-30% of kitchen waste.

The application also provides a preparation method of the magnolia denudata seedling culture compound soil, which comprises the following steps:

(1) pouring the components in the seedling substrate soil into a stirrer according to a proportion, uniformly mixing, then putting the mixture into 50ppm ABT solution, soaking for 3 hours, and naturally drying for later use;

(2) the components in the decomposed organic fertilizer are accumulated in a fertilizer accumulation field according to a certain proportion, the ventilation is kept good in the accumulation process, then dehydration is carried out, the moisture content reaches 20% -30%, the dehydrated fertilizer is placed in a disinfection room for disinfection for 20-30 minutes, and then the livestock manure is decomposed at high temperature, so that the decomposed organic fertilizer can be prepared;

(3) uniformly mixing the bud promoting agent, the chelating agent and the bacterial liquid according to the proportion to obtain the plant growth regulator;

(4) and (3) uniformly mixing the seedling substrate soil prepared in the step (1), the decomposed organic fertilizer prepared in the step (2) and the plant growth regulator prepared in the step (3) to obtain the magnolia denudata seedling compound soil.

The application also provides an application of the magnolia denudata seedling culture compound soil, which comprises the following steps:

(1) calculating the size of a tree pit required by the planting of the white magnolia stock seedling and the required soil consumption of the seedling raising soil;

(2) digging out a planting hole with the size of 50 × 50 and 50 × 50, uniformly paving seedling growing compound soil with the thickness of 10cm in the planting hole, and putting the white yulan rootstock seedling with the soil ball into the planting hole;

(3) burying the rootstocks in seedling-raising soil for 1-2 cm, compacting the soil by hand, and backfilling the seedling-raising soil to fill tree holes until the middle of the soil is slightly raised;

(4) watering and carrying out subsequent maintenance work.

In the technical scheme, the substrate soil mainly comprises quartz sand as a raw material, grass carbon and horticultural vermiculite, various ore elements are added, and after the substrate soil is subjected to automatic chemical stirring processing, the substrate nutrition is completely balanced and lasting, and the substrate soil is a normal-effect nutrition type, and the nutrition supply is more than 80 days; the pH value is proper, the water and fertilizer retention capacity is strong, and the air permeability is good; the mixture ratio is reasonable, the germination rate is high, and the root system production and development are facilitated; the seedling rate is high, the seedlings are not burnt, and the seedling revival period is not available after the planting; is beneficial to the balance of crop production and the increase of yield.

The decomposed organic fertilizer is formed by mixing various fresh livestock fecaluria and gasket materials, and is prepared by fermenting the organic fertilizer at high temperature or normal temperature under a sealed or closed environment condition. The decomposed organic fertilizer comprises animal manure (chicken manure and horse manure), plant ash, straws, cassava residues and kitchen waste.

Animal manure (chicken manure, horse manure): the organic matter, nitrogen and cellulose content is high, the high-temperature fiber decomposing bacteria are contained, the fermentation is fast in stacking, the heat is high, and the method is suitable for moist heavy soil, soil with a heavy slope and soil with serious hardening.

Straw, cassava residue and kitchen waste: soil organic matters are increased, the soil is improved, the granular structure is promoted to be formed, the nutrient loss is avoided, and the fertilizer retention effect is achieved; providing food and energy to soil microorganisms and animals to increase their activity, which can increase the effective soil culture; macromolecular substances such as amino acid, humic acid and the like in the organic matters are good chelates, and a large amount of trace elements fixed by soil can be reduced; most importantly, the recycling of resources is realized, and the resources are saved to the greatest extent.

Chelating a trace element fertilizer: the diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) used in the application is a high-efficiency chelating agent, has strong chelating property, can rapidly generate a water-soluble complex with ions such as calcium, magnesium, iron, lead, copper, manganese and the like, and can provide sufficient trace element nutrients for seedlings of plants. Compared with inorganic trace element fertilizers, the chelated trace element fertilizer has better application effect, is not easy to be fixed in soil, is easy to be dissolved in water, is not dissociated, can be well absorbed and utilized by plants, particularly seedlings, can be mixed with other solid or liquid fertilizers for application without chemical reaction, and does not reduce the fertilizer efficiency of any fertilizer.

A bud promoting agent: the gibberellin plant growth regulator is used, and when the gibberellin plant growth regulator is sprayed in a seedling stage, dormancy of organs such as seeds, tubers and bulbs can be quickly broken, budding, flower, boll and fruit falling can be promoted, cell division can be accelerated, mature cells can longitudinally extend, root systems are developed, diseases can be prevented, and plant sprouting and growth can be remarkably promoted.

Root promoting agent: the ABT rooting powder is used in the method, is a novel, non-toxic, efficient and broad-spectrum plant rooting promoter, has the specific functions of supplementing exogenous auxin required by plant rooting and promoting synthesis of endogenous auxin, and can differentiate meristematic cells of adventitious root primordium to form cluster-shaped explosive rooting. The application method comprises the steps of soaking the prepared matrix soil in 50ppm ABT solution for 3 hours, and naturally drying for later use.

Bacterial liquid: trichoderma harzianum is used as a plant growth promoting agent. The Trichoderma harzianum is one of the strains with the highest cellulase production activity, the produced cellulase has the degradation effect on crop straws, and can powerfully decompose macromolecular organic matters such as crude fibers, lignin and the like, so that the macromolecular organic matters are converted into micromolecular substances which are beneficial to absorption and utilization of plants, and the effect is very good. The trichoderma harzianum can grow rapidly on the root circumference and the leaf circumference of the plant, occupies the site on the surface of the plant to form a protective cover, prevents pathogenic fungi from contacting the root system and the surface of the leaves of the plant, thereby protecting the root and the leaves of the plant from being infected by the pathogenic fungi and ensuring the healthy growth of the plant.

Based on the explanation, compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the application has the advantages that:

(1) the method can realize soil improvement, create a soil environment suitable for growth of the magnolia denudata seedlings, and enable the magnolia denudata seedlings and the rootstocks thereof to grow well in an environment with compact soil and poor water and air permeability.

(2) Can shorten the cultivation time of the white magnolia seedlings and prevent common diseases of other magnolia such as damping off and the like.

(3) The seedling growing compound soil prepared by the application has the advantages that various nutrient elements are added according to the growth requirements of the magnolia denudata seedlings, and the characteristics that the magnolia denudata seedlings need a large amount of nutrients can be met. Meanwhile, the germination and growth of lateral roots of the rootstock are further accelerated.

(4) The special seedling growing compound soil prepared by the magnolia denudata seedlings and the rootstocks meets the characteristic that the magnolia denudata seedlings need a large amount of nutrient elements to grow fast, the quantity of lateral root growth of the magnolia denudata rootstocks is increased, and the development and nutrient absorption of roots are promoted.

(5) The seedling growing and breeding regolith in this application can improve the condition of high salinity and alkalinity through replacing the original soil in the Shanghai, and through porosity and the air permeability that improves soil, thereby the gas permeability that permeates water of reinforcing soil improves the survival rate of white yulan magnolia seedling through the native environmental condition of simulation yulan magnolia.

Detailed Description

Example 1

The magnolia denudata seedling growing compound soil comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 75% of seedling culture substrate soil, 24.382% of decomposed organic fertilizer, 0.2% of gibberellin, 0.003% of ABT rooting powder, 0.015% of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid and 0.4% of trichoderma harzianum.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

(4) and (3) uniformly mixing the seedling substrate soil prepared in the step (1), the decomposed organic fertilizer prepared in the step (2) and the plant growth regulator prepared in the step (3) to obtain the magnolia denudata seedling compound soil. The soil porosity was 65%.

The application of the seedling growing and growing soil comprises the following steps:

(4) watering and carrying out subsequent maintenance work.

Example 2

The magnolia denudata seedling growing compound soil comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70 percent of seedling culture substrate soil, 29.743 percent of decomposed organic fertilizer, 0.1 percent of gibberellin, 0.002 percent of ABT rooting powder, 0.005 percent of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid and 0.15 percent of trichoderma harzianum.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

(2) the components in the decomposed organic fertilizer are accumulated in a fertilizer accumulation field according to a proportion, the ventilation is kept good in the accumulation process, then dehydration is carried out, the moisture content reaches 20% -30%, the dehydrated fertilizer is placed in a disinfection room for disinfection for 20-30 minutes, and then the livestock manure is decomposed and decomposed under the high-temperature condition, so that the decomposed organic fertilizer can be prepared:

(4) and (3) uniformly mixing the seedling substrate soil prepared in the step (1), the decomposed organic fertilizer prepared in the step (2) and the plant growth regulator prepared in the step (3) to obtain the magnolia denudata seedling compound soil. The porosity of the soil is 50%.

(4) watering and carrying out subsequent maintenance work.

Example 3

The magnolia denudata seedling growing compound soil comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 85% of seedling culture substrate soil, 14.586% of decomposed organic fertilizer, 0.15% of gibberellin, 0.004% of ABT rooting powder, 0.01% of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid and 0.25% of trichoderma harzianum.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

(4) and (3) uniformly mixing the seedling substrate soil prepared in the step (1), the decomposed organic fertilizer prepared in the step (2) and the plant growth regulator prepared in the step (3) to obtain the magnolia denudata seedling compound soil. The soil porosity was 55%.

(4) watering and carrying out subsequent maintenance work.

Control group 1

The magnolia denudata seedling growing compound soil comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 85% of vegetable garden soil and 15% of organic compound fertilizer. The soil porosity was 55%. The organic compound fertilizer is N, P₂O₅、K₂The proportion of O is 15-15-15 ternary compound fertilizer respectively.

Control group 2

White jadeThe orchid seedling growing compound soil comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 75% of vegetable garden soil and 25% of organic compound fertilizer. The porosity of the soil was 40%. The organic compound fertilizer is N, P₂O₅、K₂The proportion of O is 15-15-15 ternary compound fertilizer respectively.

Control group 3

The magnolia denudata seedling growing compound soil comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 75% of vegetable garden soil, 24.586% of organic compound fertilizer, 0.15% of gibberellin, 0.004% of ABT rooting powder, 0.01% of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid and 0.25% of trichoderma harzianum. The porosity of the soil was 40%. The organic compound fertilizer is N, P₂O₅、K₂The proportion of O is 15-15-15 ternary compound fertilizer respectively.

The properties of the soil formulations of the above examples and comparative examples are analyzed as shown in Table 1 below

The C/N ratio is calculated in a way that organic matter/(1.74 × full N) is equal to C/N

TABLE 1

Test detection

Experiments were conducted at the Qingsong nursery base of the institute for garden science planning in Xuhui district, Shanghai.

An open field cell test method is adopted. 6 cells are designed for testing according to the amount of the formula seedling raising soil and the amount of the contrast planting soil, and the seedling raising compound soil and the contrast planting soil designed by the application are used for planting in each cell respectively. The white yulan stocks selected in the residential quarter are all magnolia senegana and michelia chapensis. The adopted planting mode is row planting, and the row spacing of the seedlings at the initial stage is 1 m. Each cell was assigned 3 replicates with 1 group of 6 plants. The subsequent curing process is exactly the same except for the use of different soils. The experiment is started in 4 months, the growth condition of the rootstock seedlings is observed for 1 time every month, and the observation lasts for 6 months. The number of the tree species planted in the experiment is shown in Table 2 below.

TABLE 2

The planted michelia chapensis seedlings are all from Henan province, the average diameter at breast height is 16mm, and the average plant height is 90 mm.

The planted magnolia biondii seedlings come from south-summerherb county, the average breast diameter is 20mm, and the average plant height is 140 mm.

Table 3 below shows the growth of Magnolia biondii as a soil test for seedling growth

TABLE 3

Table 4 below shows the growth of Michelia chapensis in the soil test for seedling

TABLE 4

The results of the comparative tests show that after the seedling raising soil disclosed by the application is used for white magnolia stock, namely magnolia biondii and michelia chapensis, the survival rate, the growth potential and the germination amount of new buds are obviously improved, and the growth of seedlings after the seedling raising soil disclosed by the embodiment 1 is applied is recovered most rapidly and is an optimal formula. The result shows that the formula of the seedling raising soil has a good promotion effect on the growth and development of the white magnolia rootstock seedlings, and is beneficial to the propagation and popularization of the white magnolia rootstock seedlings in the Yangtze river delta region.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and adaptations should be considered within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The magnolia denudata seedling growing compound soil is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 75-85% of seedling raising substrate soil, 14.586-24.382% of decomposed organic fertilizer, 0.1-0.2% of bud promoting agent, 0.002-0.004% of root promoting powder, 0.005-0.015% of chelating agent and 0.15-0.4% of bacteria liquid.

2. The magnolia denudata seedling growing regiment soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the germination promoter comprises gibberellin.

3. The magnolia denudata seedling growing compound soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the root promoting powder comprises ABT root promoting powder.

4. The yulan magnolia seedling growing regolith according to claim 1, wherein the chelating agent comprises diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid.

5. The magnolia denudata seedling growing and growing soil according to claim 1, wherein the fungus liquid comprises trichoderma harzianum.

6. The magnolia denudata seedling growing compound soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seedling growing matrix soil comprises, by mass, 20% -40% of large-particle quartz sand, 20% -40% of vermiculite, 5% -7% of turfy soil, 10% -20% of river sand, 1% -4% of pyrite powder and 12% -20% of slag.

7. The magnolia denudata seedling culture compost as claimed in claim 1, wherein the decomposed organic fertilizer comprises, by mass, 10% -50% of chicken manure, 0-30% of horse manure, 10% -30% of straws, 0-20% of cassava residues, and 20% -30% of kitchen waste.

8. A preparation method of magnolia denudata seedling growing regolith as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

9. The application of the magnolia denudata seedling growing regolith as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(2) digging a planting hole with the size of 50 × 50 and 50 × 50, uniformly paving seedling growing compound soil with the thickness of 10cm in the planting hole, and putting the white yulan rootstock seedling with a soil ball into a main body:

(4) watering and carrying out subsequent maintenance work.