CN111430226A - 一种多晶硅的沉积方法及其应用 - Google Patents

一种多晶硅的沉积方法及其应用 Download PDF

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CN111430226A
CN111430226A CN202010281348.8A CN202010281348A CN111430226A CN 111430226 A CN111430226 A CN 111430226A CN 202010281348 A CN202010281348 A CN 202010281348A CN 111430226 A CN111430226 A CN 111430226A
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李相遇
熊文娟
蒋浩杰
李亭亭
罗军
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Zhenxin Beijing Semiconductor Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种多晶硅的沉积方法及其应用。一种多晶硅的沉积方法,包括下列步骤:在半导体载体沉积多晶硅膜,然后离子注入,再进行退火处理;其中,所述离子注入采用的离子为硅离子或金属离子。本发明可以在较低的温度下消除硅沉积时产生的缝隙或孔洞,从而减少后续工艺可能发生的缺陷。

Description

一种多晶硅的沉积方法及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及半导体制备领域,特别涉及一种多晶硅的沉积方法及其应用。
背景技术
随着DRAM设备的微型化,其电容孔尺寸逐渐减小,所需的沟槽深宽比越大,这导致在沉积形成电容孔的多晶硅时容易形成孔洞或缝隙,若不处理这些孔洞(void)或缝隙(seam)会造成后续工艺进行时发生不良,例如电阻增加等。
为解决以上问题,US7157327B2公开了一种处理方法:在沉积多晶硅后,在氢气气氛下进行退火处理,这样利用退火过程中硅原子的迁移消除缝隙或孔洞,然而该技术中的退火步骤需在极高的温度下进行,加大了工艺难度。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种多晶硅的沉积方法,该方法可以在较低的温度下消除硅沉积时产生的缝隙或孔洞,从而减少后续工艺可能发生的缺陷。
为了实现以上目的,本发明提供了以下技术方案:
一种多晶硅的沉积方法,包括下列步骤:
在半导体载体沉积多晶硅膜,然后离子注入,再进行退火处理;
其中,所述离子注入采用的离子为硅离子或金属离子。
与现有技术相比,本发明在退火之前增加了离子注入,这样可以对多晶硅膜内部及表面进行改性,产生“膨胀(swelling)”效应,此时只需要低温退火处理就能使硅原子发生迁移,消除沉积时产生的缝隙或孔洞。一般情况下利用上述方法进行退火处理,只需要500℃以上即可。
上述沉积方法可用于制备电容孔结构。
上述沉积方法还可用于制备半导体器件,该半导体器件包括但不限于:集成电路装置或电容器(如DRAM、2D NAND、3D NAND等)。
一种制造DRAM的位线接触部(Data Line Contact)和存储节点接触部的方法,包括:
提供半导体衬底,衬底中包括掩埋沟道晶体管;
刻蚀衬底形成位线接触部和存储节点接触部;
以及如上文所述的多晶硅的沉积方法,其中所述半导体载体为存储节点接触部。
附图说明
通过阅读下文优选实施方式的详细描述,各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的,而并不认为是对本发明的限制。而且在整个附图中,用相同的参考符号表示相同的部件。
图1为制作BL位线触点时沉积多晶硅后的结构示意图;
图2为图1的截面图;
图3为制作单元电容孔时沉积多晶硅且凹蚀后的结构示意图;
图4为图3的截面图;
图5至图9为本发明提供的多个沉积多晶硅的方法示意图。
具体实施方式
以下,将参照附图来描述本公开的实施例。但是应该理解,这些描述只是示例性的,而并非要限制本公开的范围。此外,在以下说明中,省略了对公知结构和技术的描述,以避免不必要地混淆本公开的概念。
在附图中示出了根据本公开实施例的各种结构示意图。这些图并非是按比例绘制的,其中为了清楚表达的目的,放大了某些细节,并且可能省略了某些细节。图中所示出的各种区域、层的形状以及它们之间的相对大小、位置关系仅是示例性的,实际中可能由于制造公差或技术限制而有所偏差,并且本领域技术人员根据实际所需可以另外设计具有不同形状、大小、相对位置的区域/层。
在本公开的上下文中,当将一层/元件称作位于另一层/元件“上”时,该层/元件可以直接位于该另一层/元件上,或者它们之间可以存在居中层/元件。另外,如果在一种朝向中一层/元件位于另一层/元件“上”,那么当调转朝向时,该层/元件可以位于该另一层/元件“下”。
在BL位线触点(Bit line Contact)的制作过程中,沉积多晶硅101后,形成如图1所示的图形,其截面形貌如图2所示,截面形貌中显示沉积的多晶硅中有缝隙102,该缝隙会使后续工艺发生缺陷。
在单元电容孔的制作过程中也存在与上述相同的问题,沉积多晶硅,经过凹蚀的多晶硅201如3所示的图形,其截面形貌如图4所示,显示有缝隙202缺陷。
为解决以上问题,本发明在沉积多晶硅后采取了以下措施:
在半导体载体沉积多晶硅,然后离子注入,再进行退火处理;
其中,所述离子注入采用的离子为硅离子或金属离子。
例如针对图2和图4所示的缺陷,通过离子注入,对多晶硅膜内部及表面进行改性,产生“膨胀(swelling)”效应,以利于后续退火时硅原子的迁移。
在离子注入步骤中,选用对器件的电特性无损或有利的,例如硅离子Si或金属离子,金属离子包括但不限于Ge、W等。对于不同的离子其适宜的工艺条件可能有区别,但针对多晶硅的改性时适宜的条件通常在以下范围选择:注入能量28~32keV,注入剂量0.8~1.2E16/cm2,其中更优选的条件是注入能量30keV,注入剂量1E16/cm2
在离子注入完成后可以选择直接退火处理。本发明的退火处理只需要在较低的温度下进行,且达到消除缝隙和孔洞的目的。退火处理对多晶硅沉积的形貌改善有关键作用,不同气氛的退火处理条件有差异。例如,在真空气氛下进行所述退火处理的工艺条件优选为:温度500~900℃,时间≥10min。在氢气气氛下进行所述退火处理的工艺条件优选为:温度500~900℃,压力0.1~200torr,时间≥10min。
为了提高对多晶硅沉积形貌的改善效果,在离子注入之后和退火处理之前还可以增加一道工序:注入氢离子。注入氢离子的工艺条件优选为:注入能量1~20keV,注入剂量≥1E13/cm2
上文列举了本发明的方法用于BL位线触点和单元电容孔的条件,然而本发明的应用并不仅限于此,其可用于任意半导体结构的制作,尤其用在蚀刻有沟槽的半导体结构中有显著的优势,这是因为沟槽的深宽比较高,出现缝隙和孔洞的现象更严重。具有沟槽的结构典型的代表是位线(Data Line)与电容孔结构,例如集成电路装置或电容器(如DRAM、2DNAND、3D NAND等)中的电容结构。
例如,制造DRAM的位线接触部(Data Line Contact)和存储节点接触部的方法:提供半导体衬底,衬底中包括掩埋沟道晶体管;刻蚀衬底形成位线接触部和存储节点接触孔;以及上述任意实施方式的多晶硅的沉积方法,其中,半导体载体为存储节点接触部。
结合上文所述,本发明的主要沉积方法包括但不限于如图5至9的方法。
另外,在半导体的制作中,沉积多晶硅后通常进行抛光或凹蚀的处理,因此为了避免离子注入和退火处理的不必要工作量,建议在沉积多晶硅之后和离子注入之前进行抛光或凹蚀。
在以上的描述中,对于各层的构图、刻蚀等技术细节并没有做出详细的说明。但是本领域技术人员应当理解,可以通过各种技术手段,来形成所需形状的层、区域等。另外,为了形成同一结构,本领域技术人员还可以设计出与以上描述的方法并不完全相同的方法。另外,尽管在以上分别描述了各实施例,但是这并不意味着各个实施例中的措施不能有利地结合使用。
以上对本公开的实施例进行了描述。但是,这些实施例仅仅是为了说明的目的,而并非为了限制本公开的范围。本公开的范围由所附权利要求及其等价物限定。不脱离本公开的范围,本领域技术人员可以做出多种替代和修改,这些替代和修改都应落在本公开的范围之内。

Claims (15)

1.一种多晶硅的沉积方法,其特征在于,包括下列步骤:
在半导体载体沉积多晶硅,然后离子注入,再进行退火处理;
其中,所述离子注入采用的离子为硅离子或金属离子。
2.根据权利要求1所述的沉积方法,其特征在于,所述半导体载体为蚀刻有接触部(contact)的半导体结构。
3.根据权利要求1所述的沉积方法,其特征在于,所述注入离子的工艺条件为:注入能量28~32keV,注入剂量0.8~1.2E16/cm2
4.根据权利要求1所述的沉积方法,其特征在于,所述退火处理在真空气氛下或氢气气氛下进行。
5.根据权利要求4所述的沉积方法,其特征在于,在真空气氛下进行所述退火处理的工艺条件为:温度500~900℃,时间≥10min。
6.根据权利要求4所述的沉积方法,其特征在于,在氢气气氛下进行所述退火处理的工艺条件为:温度500~900℃,压力0.1~200torr,时间≥10min。
7.根据权利要求1所述的沉积方法,其特征在于,所述金属离子为Ge离子。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的沉积方法,其特征在于,所述离子注入之后和所述退火处理之前还包括:
注入氢离子。
9.根据权利要求8所述的沉积方法,其特征在于,所述注入氢离子的工艺条件为:注入能量1~20keV,注入剂量≥1E13/cm2
10.根据权利要求1所述的沉积方法,其特征在于,在所述沉积多晶硅之后和所述离子注入之前还包括:化学机械抛光或凹蚀。
11.根据权利要求1所述的沉积方法,其特征在于,所述沉积多晶硅的方法为化学气相沉积法或原子层沉积法。
12.一种制造DRAM的位线接触部(Data Line Contact)和存储节点接触部的方法,其特征在于,包括:
提供半导体衬底,衬底中包括掩埋沟道晶体管;
刻蚀衬底形成位线接触部和存储节点接触部;
以及权利要求1-11任一项所述的多晶硅的沉积方法,其中所述半导体载体为存储节点接触部。
13.权利要求1-11任一项所述的沉积方法在制备位线(Data Line)与电容孔结构中的应用。
14.权利要求1-11任一项所述的沉积方法在制备半导体器件中的应用。
15.根据权利要求14所述的应用,其特征在于,所述半导体器件为集成电路装置或电容器。
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