CN111411438A - 利用抗菌防静电面料加工隔离衣的工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种利用抗菌防静电面料加工隔离衣的工艺，涉及服装加工技术领域，本发明以竹纤维作为经纱、防静电纤维作为纬纱经织造得到新型抗菌防静电面料，并利用该抗菌防静电面料加工制备隔离衣，不仅能够赋予所制隔离衣良好的抗菌性能，还使所制隔离衣具有优异的防静电性能，从而使隔离衣适用于对抗菌和防静电性能有一定要求的工作环境。
Description
技术领域：
本发明涉及服装加工技术领域，具体涉及一种利用抗菌防静电面料加工隔离衣的工艺。
背景技术：
隔离衣适用于特殊工作环境，以隔离外界环境因素对人体造成的不利影响。目前，隔离衣应用于多个技术领域，并且各个技术领域对隔离衣的使用性能要求不同，因此需要针对不同的技术领域，制造出与工作环境相应的隔离衣。
抗菌和防静电属于隔离衣的常规使用性能要求，采用抗菌面料能够赋予隔离衣一定的抗菌性能，以抵抗外界环境细菌或病菌对人体的侵害；采用防静电面料能够赋予隔离衣一定的防静电性能，以避免因静电积累而存在的安全隐患。本发明开发出一种新型隔离衣，该隔离衣兼具良好的抗菌性能和防静电性能，满足一般工作环境对隔离衣的抗菌和防静电要求。
发明内容：
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种利用抗菌防静电面料加工隔离衣的工艺，采用简单易操作的加工工艺制得具有抗菌防静电性能的新型面料，并利用竹纤维赋予面料良好的抗菌性能以及利用抗静电纤维赋予面料良好的防静电性能。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下的技术方案来实现：
利用抗菌防静电面料加工隔离衣的工艺，包括以下工艺步骤：
(1)抗菌防静电面料的加工：选择竹纤维作为经纱，防静电纤维作为纬纱，经织造制成抗菌防静电面料；
所述防静电纤维是利用聚乙烯纤维、聚噻吩衍生物和氧化石墨烯经熔融造粒、熔融纺丝制成，聚噻吩衍生物是由噻吩单体聚合而成；
(2)隔离衣的加工：将上述所制抗菌防静电面料经剪裁、缝纫成型，并经熨烫整型，再对隔离衣进行消毒处理；
(3)隔离衣的包装：对隔离衣进行单个真空包装，检验合格后入库。
所述经密为480-550根/10cm，纬密320-390根/10cm。
所述熔融造粒温度为210-240℃。
所述熔融纺丝温度为210-240℃，纺丝速度为200-600m/min，牵伸倍数为1.5-3倍。
所述聚乙烯纤维、聚噻吩衍生物和氧化石墨烯的质量比为100:1-10:0.5-5。
所述噻吩单体选自噻吩、卤代噻吩、乙烯二氧噻吩中的一种或几种。
所述消毒处理采用先高温蒸汽灭菌再紫外线光照灭菌的方式，蒸汽灭菌温度为130-150℃，蒸汽灭菌时间为15-30min，光照灭菌强度为100-200uW/cm2，光照灭菌时间为3-10min。
为了优化所制聚噻吩衍生物的导电性能，本发明还对噻吩进行了化学改性，通过在噻吩结构中引入环戊基和酰胺基获得新型噻吩单体，并经研究发现利用该噻吩单体能够赋予所制抗菌防静电面料良好的抗静电性能。
所述噻吩单体为双(环戊基甲基)噻吩-3,4-二甲酰胺，结构式为：
所述双(环戊基甲基)噻吩-3,4-二甲酰胺是由3,4-噻吩二羧酸和环戊基甲胺经酰胺缩合反应制得。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明以竹纤维作为经纱、防静电纤维作为纬纱经织造得到新型抗菌防静电面料，并利用该抗菌防静电面料加工制备隔离衣，不仅能够赋予所制隔离衣良好的抗菌性能，还使所制隔离衣具有优异的防静电性能，从而使隔离衣适用于对抗菌和防静电性能有一定要求的工作环境。
具体实施方式：
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。
以下实施例和对比例中的竹纤维来自山东鑫泰源新型材料科技股份有限公司，聚乙烯纤维来自深圳市特力化纤有限公司，氧化石墨烯来自北京德科岛金科技有限公司。
实施例1
(1)抗菌防静电面料的加工：选择竹纤维作为经纱，防静电纤维作为纬纱，经密为516根/10cm，纬密342根/10cm，经织造制成抗菌防静电面料。
氮气保护下，向200mL氯仿中加入0.3mol无水FeCl3，搅拌溶解后滴加含0.1mol噻吩的200mL氯仿溶液，50℃下反应8h，再向反应物中缓慢倒入300mL甲醇，过滤沉淀，向所得固体中加入100mL饱和水合肼和100mL氯仿，40℃下搅拌30min，过滤，所得滤液蒸馏回收氯仿，蒸馏剩余物倒入200mL甲醇中，过滤沉淀，所得固体室温真空干燥，得到聚噻吩衍生物。
防静电纤维是利用100g聚乙烯纤维、5g上述所制聚噻吩衍生物和1g氧化石墨烯经熔融造粒、熔融纺丝制成，熔融造粒温度为230℃，熔融纺丝温度为235℃，纺丝速度为350m/min，牵伸倍数为2倍。
(2)隔离衣的加工：将上述所制抗菌防静电面料经剪裁、缝纫成型，并经熨烫整型，再对隔离衣进行消毒处理，采用先高温蒸汽灭菌再紫外线光照灭菌的方式，蒸汽灭菌温度为135℃，蒸汽灭菌时间为20min，光照灭菌强度为120uW/cm2，光照灭菌时间为5min。
(3)隔离衣的包装：对隔离衣进行单个真空包装，检验合格后入库。
所述噻吩单体选自噻吩、卤代噻吩、乙烯二氧噻吩中的一种或几种。
实施例2
实施例2与实施例1的区别之处在于将噻吩替换为等摩尔量的3-氯噻吩。
实施例3
实施例3与实施例1的区别之处在于将噻吩替换为等摩尔量的乙烯二氧噻吩。
实施例4
实施例4与实施例1的区别之处在于将噻吩替换为等摩尔量的双(环戊基甲基)噻吩-3,4-二甲酰胺。
双(环戊基甲基)噻吩-3,4-二甲酰胺的制备：向200mL氯仿中加入0.1mol 3,4-噻吩二羧酸和0.2mol环戊基甲胺，并滴加含有0.22mol缩合剂DPP-Cl的200mL氯仿，70℃下反应12h，蒸馏回收氯仿，蒸馏剩余物柱层析，采用体积比5:1的氯仿和石油醚组成的洗脱剂，得到双(环戊基甲基)噻吩-3,4-二甲酰胺。ESI-MS:m/z＝335.19[M+1]+.元素分析C,64.62；H,7.85；N,8.38；O,9.57；S,9.58。
对比例
对比例与实施例1的区别之处在于未添加聚噻吩衍生物。
依照标准GB/T 12703.4-2010《纺织品静电性能的评定第4部分：电阻率》测试上述实施例和对比例所制抗菌防静电面料的表面电阻率，测试结果如表1所示。
表1抗菌防静电面料的表面电阻率
| 组别 | 表面电阻率/Ω |
| 实施例1 | 5.2×10<sup>7</sup> |
| 实施例2 | 5.4×10<sup>7</sup> |
| 实施例3 | 5.5×10<sup>7</sup> |
| 实施例4 | 8.1×10<sup>7</sup> |
| 对比例 | 2.7×10<sup>6</sup> |
由表1可知，本发明通过聚噻吩衍生物的添加能够明显提高所制面料的抗静电性能，而由本发明所述双(环戊基甲基)噻吩-3,4-二甲酰胺制备的聚噻吩衍生物的抗静电性能更佳。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (7)
1.利用抗菌防静电面料加工隔离衣的工艺，其特征在于，包括以下工艺步骤：
(1)抗菌防静电面料的加工：选择竹纤维作为经纱，防静电纤维作为纬纱，经织造制成抗菌防静电面料；
所述防静电纤维是利用聚乙烯纤维、聚噻吩衍生物和氧化石墨烯经熔融造粒、熔融纺丝制成，聚噻吩衍生物是由噻吩单体聚合而成；
(2)隔离衣的加工：将上述所制抗菌防静电面料经剪裁、缝纫成型，并经熨烫整型，再对隔离衣进行消毒处理；
(3)隔离衣的包装：对隔离衣进行单个真空包装，检验合格后入库。
2.根据权利要求1所述的利用抗菌防静电面料加工隔离衣的工艺，其特征在于：所述经密为480-550根/10cm，纬密320-390根/10cm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的利用抗菌防静电面料加工隔离衣的工艺，其特征在于：所述熔融造粒温度为210-240℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的利用抗菌防静电面料加工隔离衣的工艺，其特征在于：所述熔融纺丝温度为210-240℃，纺丝速度为200-600m/min，牵伸倍数为1.5-3倍。
5.根据权利要求1所述的利用抗菌防静电面料加工隔离衣的工艺，其特征在于：所述聚乙烯纤维、聚噻吩衍生物和氧化石墨烯的质量比为100:1-10:0.5-5。
6.根据权利要求1所述的利用抗菌防静电面料加工隔离衣的工艺，其特征在于：所述噻吩单体选自噻吩、卤代噻吩、乙烯二氧噻吩中的一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的利用抗菌防静电面料加工隔离衣的工艺，其特征在于：所述消毒处理采用先高温蒸汽灭菌再紫外线光照灭菌的方式，蒸汽灭菌温度为130-150℃，蒸汽灭菌时间为15-30min，光照灭菌强度为100-200uW/cm2，光照灭菌时间为3-10min。
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