US3351622A

US3351622A - Polymers and textile materials treated therewith

Info

Publication number: US3351622A
Authority: US
Inventors: Giuliana C Tesoro
Original assignee: JP Stevens and Co Inc
Current assignee: JP Stevens and Co Inc
Priority date: 1963-09-30
Filing date: 1963-09-30
Publication date: 1967-11-07
Anticipated expiration: 1984-11-07

Description

United States Patent 3,351,622 POLYMERS AND TEXTILE MATERIALS TREATED THEREWITH Giuliana C. Tesoro, Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., assignor to J. P.

Stevens & Co., Inc., New York, N.Y., a corporation of Delaware N0 Drawing. Filed Sept. 30, 1963, Ser. No. 312,284 27 Claims. (Cl. 260-891) The present invention relates to novel polymers and method of making them, and further relates to novel method for improving the properties of hydrophobic materials. More specifically, the present invention relates to novel polymeric antistatic materials and to a method for imparting antistatic properties to textile materials which have the tendency to accumulate static charges.

Textile materials manufactured from hydrophobic fibers have a relatively low capacity to retain moisture in comparison with natural fibers such as cotton, wool and rayon, and normally tend to accumulate electrostatic charges on their surfaces. These electrostatic charges can accumulate on the hydrophobic materials when exposed to rubbing during the processing of the fiber or fabric in the manufacturing operation or in use as a finished article of apparel. A garment manufactured from hydrophobic materials and not properly treated will cling to the wearer rather than hang smoothly. In order to reduce or overcome this objectionable tendency, suitable antistatic finishes for these materials are required.

In the past, several products and methods have been employed to impart antistatic properties to textile materials, however, many of these conventional finishes do not remain effective after repeated launderings and dry cleanings of the garment, and moreover, the appearance, feel, and other physical properties of the textile material may frequently be deletcriously affected. Furthermore, some of the antistatic finishes require complex methods of preparation which are costly and difiicult to carry out in conventional equipment.

It is an object of this invention to provide novel polymeric compositions and methods for making same.

It is another object of this invention to avoid the shortcomings and disadvantages of the prior known methods and compositions for improving the proper-tise of hydrophobic textile materials.

It is another object of this invention to provide novel compositions for improving the properties of hydrophobic textile materials.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a method for making durable antistatic finishes.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a method for imparting antistatic properties to textile materials which normally have the tendency to accumulate electrostatic charges.

It is still a further object of this invention to provide textile materials which have a reduced tendency to accumulate electrostatic charges on the surfaces thereof.

In attaining the above objects, one feature of the present invention resides in the novel polymeric substances which comprise the product of a copolymerization reaction between a polyoxyalkylene compound and a polyfunctional amide compound.

Another feature of the present invention resides in treating textile materials with a polymerizable composition comprising a polyoxyalkylene compound and a polyfunc. tional amide compound.

The above objects and features, as well as other objects and features will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention.

The polyoxyalkylene compounds that are employed in the preparation of the novel polymers of the present in- 3,351,622 Patented Nov. 7, 1967 vention include straight and branched chain oxyalkylene compounds containing at least two recurring groups of the structure (C H O) where n is an integer from 2 to 4. More particularly, the polyoxyalkylene compounds contain at least two terminal groups selected from the group consisting of OH, SH, and -NRH, wherein. R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, i.e. from 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

Included in the group of polyoxyalkylene compounds are compounds of the structure represented by the formula:

in which n is an integer from 2 to 4, m is integer from 3 to and Y is selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, and NR in which R is hydrogen or lower alkyl, and

in which n, Y and R have the same meaning as above and x is an integer from 2. to 20.

Examples of polyoxyalkylene compounds suitable for the purposes of this invention include polyalkylene glycols of the formula: HO(C,,H O) C H OH, e.g. polyethylene glycols of molecular weights ranging from about 300 to 1500, corresponding dithiols of the formula:

n 2n )m n 2n and corresponding diamines of the formula:

H2N n m M n m z Triols obtained by reacting alkylene oxides with glycerol, trimethylol propane and related compounds as well as the corresponding trimercaptyl or triamino compounds are examples of polyoxyalkylene compounds of Formula II. Mixtures of two or more of the above polyoxyalkylene compounds can also be employed for purposes of this invention.

The polyfunctional amide compounds which are employed for the preparation of the novel polymers of the present invention include compounds containing at least v two groupings of the structure NCO--Z. Included are those compounds containing two groups of the structure NCOZ linked by hydrocarbon groups such as aliphatic and cycloaliphatic groups and wherein Z isselected from the group consisting of wherein R is hydrogen or lower alkyl, and Q is a polar residue derived from a reagent of weak nucleophilic character and is selected from the group consisting of the anion wherein a is an integer from 1 to 6 and b and b' are integers from 1 to 3. It is to be understood that the radical Z of the above compounds can be the same or different. Specific examples of these polyfunctional amides are N, N methylene bis-acrylamide H C=CHCONHCH NHCOCH=CH 3 diacryloyl pi perazine CH -CHi H1O=CHCON NCOCH=CH2 GHQ-CH and N,N-hexamethylene bis-beta methoxy propionamide CH O CH CH CONH (CH NHCOCH CH OCH Further polyfunctional amides which are employed for the purposes of the present invention are triazine compounds represented by the structural formula:

wherein Z is a member selected from the group consisting of -(|]=CH2, (l1HoH,0R1, (|JHCH Q and mixtures thereof, wherein R is hydrogen or lower alkyl, and Q is a polar residue derived from a reagent of weak nucleophilic character and is selected from the group consisting of the anion of a strong acid and the cation of a weak base, and Z is selected from the group consisting of -CHCH2O R1 is. and

These compounds are characterized by good solubility, particularly water solubility.

Included in this group of polyfunctional amide compounds are 1,3,S-tris-beta-methoxypropionyl-s-perhydrotriazine, l beta-pyridinium-propionyl-3,S-acrylOyl-S-perhydrotriazine, 1-thiosulfatopropionyl-3,S-acryloyl-s-perhydrotriazine and the like.

The polar residue Q is intended to include anions of strong acids with an ionization constant of greater than 10 and cations of weak bases with an ionization constant of less than Illustrative of but not limiting the polar residue are the following Sulfate O $03M Thiosulfate s SO M Acetate -O COCHa Formate O C O H P ropionate -O C 0 0 1-15 Pyridinium C 11 Benzyldimethyl Ammonium CH3 CH3 --N6Hz CuN5 wherein M is an alkali metal, e.g., Na, K, Li, or ammonium.

By choosing the amounts and types of monomers employed for the copolymerization reaction various copolymers can be prepared which can range from linear water soluble polymeric molecules to complex insoluble and infusible three-dimensional structures.

When the copolymerization reaction is carried out employing two bifunctional monomers, such as, for example, a diol compound of Formula I and an amide containing two reactive groupings such as methylene bis-acrylamide, the resulting copolymer is essentially linear in which the recurring structural unit would be represented by the formula:

in which X represents the hydrocarbon radical linking the two NCO groups, and Y, n and m have the same meaning as above.

If one or more of the monomers used in the copolymerization reaction is a trifunctional monomer such as those of Formula II or the polyfunctional amides such as triazines, the resulting copolymer product is a complex, insoluble and infusible three-dimensional structure containing some recurring segments represented by the structural formula:

wherein Y, R 11 and x have the same meaning as above. These segments of the polymer structure would be linked to each other directly or through other segments which would have a formula depending upon the specific monomer system employed for the polymerization reaction.

By employing mixtures of bifunctional and trifunctional reactants three-dimensional polymers can be obtained. For example, these complex polymers can be produced by employing two bifunctional monomers as indicated above for the preparation of the linear polymers and adding to the monomer mixture a suitable amount of a polyfunctional reactant such as pentaerithritol, glycerol, triethanol amine and the like. The presence of the trifunctional component causes a crosslinking polymerization reaction to take place resulting in an infusible polymer.

The polymeric materials that are produced from the monomer mixtures containing trifunctional components so as to be capable of forming insoluble three-dimensional polymer products are the preferred products of the present invention. In spite of their insolubility in water these polymers maintain their hydrophilic properties. When immersed in water the polymers will tend to swell without, however, loss of cohesion or any deleterious change taking place in their chemical structure. Moreover, no substantial changes in the total physical or chemical properties result after repeated treatment with water wherein the polymers experience repeated swelling and deswelling cycles caused by wetting and drying. It is these desirable properties which make the new polymers of the present invention particularly valuable for treating textile materials.

It has now been discovered that desirable antistatic properties can be imparted to hydrophobic textile materials which normally tend to accumulate electrostatic charges by contacting said textile materials with a composition comprising a polyoxy-alkylene compound and a polyfunctional amide compound, as defined above, under alkaline conditions whereby a polymerization reaction takes place.

The durable antistatic finishes obtained according to the method of the present invention are particularly effective in preventing the accumulation of electrostatic charges on textile materials manufactured from hydrophobic fibers which have a relatively low capacity to retain moisture. Included in the group of hydrophobic fibers that can be treated according to the methods of this invention are synthetic fibers such as cellulose triacetate, polyamides, polyvinyl chloride, polyesters, polyacrylonitrile, polyolefins, and the like.

According to the present invention, the durable antistatic finishes are prepared by polymerizing, under alkaline conditions, a mixture of the monomers in which the ratio of reactants is appropriately selected and which can be considerably varied. In order to obtain the desired product in a reasonable amount of time, it is preferred to heat the mixture to accelerate the polymerization reac tion. The polymerization reaction may be carried out in bulk polymerization, or on the desired substrate by an in 'situ process. For example, in carrying out the reaction in the presence of a textile a composition comprising a suitable mixture of the monomers is applied to the textile under alkaline conditions. The treating composition can be in the form of a solution, emulsion, dispersion and the like. Aqueous solutions are generally preferred for this purpose. Particular methods of application of the composition include impregnation by dipping, spraying, padding, and any other means by which textile materials are normally treated. The polymerization reaction takes place under alkaline conditions which can be affected by employing an alkaline catalyst or any suitable means by which an alkaline pH of the treating composition is achieved. The treated textile material can be heated to cause the monomers to undergo the polymerization reaction in the presence of the textile material. As a result of the polymerization reaction, the surfaces of the fibers in the treated textile material become coated with a transparent, continuous film of the hydrophilic polymer of the present invention. This antistatic finish is strongly adherent to the substrate and resists removal in laundering and dry cleaning operations and by virtue of its hygroscopicity provides a path for conducting electricity and thereby prevents accumulation of static charges on the textile material.

In general, the ratio of monomers employed in the polymerization reaction will determine the characteristics of the final polymer product as well as the specific-reaction conditions which must be employed to produce the product. Where it is necessary to form a three-dimensional copolymer rapidly, a ratio of the total number of active hydrogen atoms, as determined by the Zerewitinov method, representing the sum of those that are present in the H-Y functional groups of Formula I plus those present in the trifunctional additive, if any, to the total number of reactive amide groupings of the structure NCOZ and NCO-Z is in the range of about 0.8212 to 1.2:0.8. It is seen that by employing this ratio a nearly stoichiometric ratio of functional groups in the monomer mixture is employed to obtain the preferred polymeric product.

When rapid formation of the copolymer product is not necessary or when it is desired to delay the gelation process which occurs by reaction of the monomer components, the trifunctional component in the monomer mixture can be omitted or monomer ratios can be employed in which one type of functional group is present in large excess over the other. By varying the proportions of the monomers, a prepolymer can be produced which is then mixed with an additional amount of a second polyfunctional monomer such as a trifunctional crosslinking monomer whereupon gelation is rapidly induced, if desired, in the presence of the textile material.

It is sometimes advantageous to employ polyfunctional monomers or water soluble polymers of polyoxyalkylene compounds in which ionic sites (e.g., amino groups) are present, as reactants in the polymerization reaction with the above defined amines.

For example, polyfunctional polyoxyalkylene compounds can be prepared by reacting alkanolamines with polyoxyalkylene dihalides as shown in the following equations:

nHZnO) OnH2nA 2(HOCH CH2)aN In Equations 1, 2 and 3, the symbol A represents chlorine, bromine or iodine, and n, m, x have the meaning defined above. The above equations are illustrative of reactions suitable for the preparation of polyoxyalkylene compounds suitable for practicing the processes of the present invention. Other alkanolamines can also be employed for the preparation of polymeric compounds by reaction with the polyfunctional amides defined above.

It has already been pointed out that the reaction takes place under alkaline conditions. Where the monomer or polyfunctional additives contain amino groups, for example, the addition of aspecific alkaline catalyst is sometimes not required. Where the monomers are neutral, or not sufficiently alkaline to initiate the polymerization, an alkaline material must be added to the reaction mixture. Various alkaline catalysts can be employed for this purpose depending on the desired rate of reaction and the degree to which the textile as well as the copolymer are susceptible to alkaline attack. Examples of suitable catalysts which can be used for the present invention are alkali metal hydroxides, alkoxides, carbonates, bicarbonates, phosphates, silicates and acetates, as Well as quaternary ammonium hydroxides and tertiary amines. The choice of the particular alkaline catalyst employed will be influenced by the reaction system and on the nature of the desired product. In the event that strong bases such as alkali hydroxides are employed it is generally desirable to wash out the residual base promptly r after the polymer is formed because prolonged contact with strong base can result in discoloration and degradation of the polymer. Moreover, washing is also necessary if the textile material is hypersensitive to alkali. When alkali catalysts such as alkali carbonates and bicarbonates are used, colorless polymers are formed which are stable to prolonged contact with catalyst at moderate temperature thereby obviating the necessity for washing to remove the catalyst.

To concentration of the alkali material can be varied widely, again depending on the particular catalyst employed, speed of reaction, temperature, etc. Amounts ranging from about 1% to about 25% based on the total weight of reactants can be employed although amounts of about 5% to about 15% are preferred. Stronger catalysts are generally employed in lesser quantities than weaker catalysts, all other conditions being held the same. At higher temperatures generally lower quantities of catalyst can be employed. As a general rule, higher concentrations of alkaline catalysts will increase the polymerization rate; however, higher concentrations of base not only increase the rate of polymerization of the reactants but may also increase the rate of by-product formation. Accordingly, the catalyst concentration is adjusted so as to avoid undesirable amounts of by-products. 'Ihetemperature at which the polymerization reactions are carried out will depend on the catalyst and monomer systems employed and consequently can be varied considerably. It has been found that temperatures generally above C. are preferred although lower temperatures can be employed. The disadvantage of employing lower temperature is that the reaction rate is slower and sometimes too slow to be of commercial practicability. The optimum temperature for the reaction will depend in part on the monomer structure. For example, when the reactive amide monomer contains unsaturation in the terminal groupings, lower temperatures for the polymerization can be employed because the unsaturated terminal grouping is highly reactive. Conversely, 'when the amide monomer contains saturated terminal groups the temperature must be somewhat higher in order to permit removal of the by-product water or alcohol which is formed in the course of the reaction. Generally, the temperatures should be high enough to permit the water or alcohol to evaporate.

When the methods of the present invention are carried out in situ, that is in the presence of the textile material or other hydrophobic material, it is generally convenient to dissolve the required monomers and catalysts in an aqueous solution or in an organic solvent and contact the hydrophobic material with the solution. This can be done by dipping or padding or any other suitable means. The treated hydrophobic material is then dried to evaporate the solvent and heated to bring about the copolymerization reaction and complete the formation and insolubilization of the copolymer on the hydrophobic material. Thereafter, if desired, the treated textile material can be washed to remove residual catalysts and unreacted or partially reacted monomers.

Because the monomer mixtures employed are generally water soluble, the invention described herein presents a convenient procedure for treating textile materials which avoids the more troublesome methods involving nonsoluble or partially soluble materials which have been used in the past. Moreover, a further advantage lies in the stability of the aqueous solution of the monomers at room temperature, often even in the presence of a catalyst.

The effectiveness of the new finishes on hydrophobic textile materials in particular can be evaluated by known test procedures. The electrical resistivity of untreated hydrophobic material is generally extremely high; for example, in the case of fabrics manufactured from hydrophobic fibers it is known that a specific resistivity higher than 10 ohms at 40% relative humidity indicates a strong tendency for the accumulation of electrostatic charges. Test methods for measuring resistivity in textiles are described in several publications to which reference is made, including the Technical Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, vol. 35, pp. 138-139, Standard 76-1959 (Fabrics) and Tentative 84-1955 (Yarns). The resistivity results reported in the examples hereinafter were obtained by the test described in the above publication.

In taking measurements of resistivity of various hydrophobic materials the values obtained are compared to the resistivity of common cotton textile. It is known in the industry that cotton fabrics do not exhibit an objectionable tendency to accumulate static charges and therefore the specific area resistivity of common cotton textiles which is about X ohms at 40% relative humidity can be taken as a standard for purposes of comparison. Treated hydrophobic textile exhibiting resistivity lower than cotton are rated as fully satisfactory with regard to the tendency to accumulate static charges. The resistance of the antistatic finishes to removal after repeated laundering and dry cleaning can be evaluated simply by measuring the resistivity of the treated materials after repeated washings or dry cleaning cycles.

The following examples are illustrative of the present invention but are not considered to limit the present invention in any way. All parts are by weight unless otherwise specified.

EXAMPLE I (30 CHgCHqO CH2 A mixture was prepared from 4.6 grams of 1,3,5-tris-betamethoxypropionyl-s-perhydrotriazine (M.P. 39-40" C.) and 11.6 g. of a polyethylene glycol having average composition HO(CH CH O) CH CH OH, average molecular weight 590, and marketed by the Union Carbide Chemicals Co. under the name of Carbowax 600. The mixture which contained equivalent amounts of monomers was divided into 4 aliquots, and each aliquot was mixed with 2 ml. of an aqueous alkaline solution of the composition indicated in the table below under the column headed Catalyst Solution. Each aliquot was heated at 150 C. and the time required to form a gel was recorded. The results are tabulated below.

Sample Catalyst Solution Gel time (minutes) 5%K2CO3 40 15%K2C0a 28 25%K2C0a 17 5%KOH None No gel Varying ratios of the monomers used in Example I (1,3, 5 tris beta methoxypropionyl s perhydrotriazine) (referred to below in the table as TMPT) and polyethylene glycol-Carbowax 600, referred to below as PEG 600 were mixed and reacted at C. in the presence of K CO the amount of K CO employed being in each case about 0.5 g. for 3 grams of monomer mixture (or 16% K 00 based on the total weight of monomers). The catalyst was added to the monomers in the form of a 25% aqueous solution in order to assure thorough dispersion of the catalyst in the monomers. The reaction time required for gelation at 150 C., employing varying ratios of reactants and keeping other conditions constant is shown in the table below. Ratios of reactants are expressed in moles and by weight. The stoichiometric ratio of functional groups for the trifunctional TMPT and the bifunctional PEG 600 corresponds to a mole ratio TMPT/PEG 600 of 0.66: The mole ratio nearest this stoichiometric value (sample E in the table) resulted in the shortest gel time.

Mol ratios TMPT/PEG of 0.3 to 1.2 were optimum for rapid formation of three dimensional polymers.

Ik'COCH OHgOCHa H0 (CHgCHgO)12CH2CHnO- 9 l EXAMPLE HI EXAMPLE V Example II was repeated using lower concentrations of The experiment of Example I (samples A, B, C) was Catalyst in Order to determine the amount f methanol repeated at various temperatures in order to establish the formed and removed in the course of the polymerization ff t f temperature on rate of gelation.

reaction. In this experiment, the monomers were mixed in the desired ratio and each mixture was carefully G 1 t in t twelghed. 1 gram of a 25% aqueous solution of K CO Sample Catalyst o o 9 fine/(m was then added to each mixture, corresponding to a 135C 165.0 K CO concentration of 025 gram for 10 grams of total monomers (or 2.5% K CO based on the total weight of 10 5% K2003 60 40 21 monomers). The reaction mixtures were then heated at K2003- 60 28 17 150 C.- 3 C. until gelation took place. After cooling, 60 17 14 the weight of each gel was carefully recorded. The weight loss observed during the polymerization reaction indicated Increasing temperature in each case accelerated the gel the approximate percentage of the methoxypropionyl 15 formation, and the difference in rate of gelation was greatgroups present which had participated in the polymerizaer at the lower catalyst concentration.

EXAMPLE VI 1 (3H2 (3112 CH3 CH3 2[N\ /NCOCH1CHz0OHs] HiNUBHGmOMBtIHOHQNHQ l I (13%: CH2 (3H3 CH3 Cfiz CHg [-N N-COCHzCHzNH(CHCHzOhaHCHzNHCHzCHzC01 T l b-1 CH5 CH2 tion reaction, eliminating methanol. The results obtained Equivalent amounts of 1,3,S-tris-beta-methoxypropionylare tabulated below. I s-perhydrotriazine (TMPT) and a polyether diamine having average composition Wt. IR t Mi s 1 'iitr i i o mfggglgn X Wt L iii it E E OSS amp e PEG 600 (g) Reaacted HaN( homo); HCHzNHa V I Initial g gg e 40 average molecular Weight 1000 and marketed by the Union Carbide Chemicals Co. under the name of polyether diamine L-IOOO, were mixed. Four gram aliquots of the 8:? 312,8 gig gig E2 mixture were heated at 150 C.i3 C. after adding 2 m]. 1.8 g. 38 3%; 8. s; g of catalyst solution, and the time required for gelation was 11:20 10:09 51 recorded. The results are tabulated below.

From this data it iS indicated that about Of the Sample Catalyst Solution Gel time (minutes) methoxypropionyl groups participate in the polymerization reaction before a three dimensional network is 5 lil'qongo 60 formed. 50 153,; N22300: 25% N 2.2603 13 EXAMPLE IV The gel samples prepared in Example III were tested EXAMPLE VII for water resistance and moisture retention by performing the following experiment. Each weighed gel sample was An lntlfflate mlXtur? Was P p from 3 n m rs 1n suspended in 20 ml. of 3.62 l0- N hydrochloric acid the followmg propomone and allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 hour in g. (004 mol) TMPT order to neutralize the residual alkaline catalyst. The 180 (003 Incl) Carbowax 600 samples were filtered, suspended in water and allowed to 3m) (Q03 mol) polyether diamine Llooo remain soaking in water at room temperature overnight. Each gel sample was filtered, washed with water, dried in F gram ahqu0t$ f thls 1111x011? W a ed wlth 2 a vacuum dessicator and weighed. In each case, the weight 1111- catallfst 501119011, and the mlXtllreS Were h at d at of gel after exposing to water in the manner described untll gelatlon Was Observecl h followlng gel was found to be higher than the original weight. were recorded- Percent increase after Sampler exposure to water Sample Catalyst Solution Gel time (minutes) 2 allot 17 3 7 15% KzCOa 18 These weight increments indicate the tendency to mois- It is apparent from the above examples that under comture retention (hygroscopicity) which confers to the inparable conditions polymerization proceeds more rapidly soluble polymer their valuable antistatic properties. with a diamine monomer (Example VI) than with a glycol monomer (Example I). With mixtures of a glycol and a diamine (Example VII), the polymerization reaction takes place at an intermediate rate.

EXAMPLE VIII Samples of white taffeta fabric woven from Dacron polyester yarn were impregnated on a laboratory padder with aqueous solutions containing 4.5% KHCO and varying concentrations of l,3,5-tris-beta-methoxypropionyl-spehydrotriazine (TMPT) and of Carbowax 600 (PEG 600). The wet pickup of the fabric was about 33%, and thus the percent concentration of the catalyst and each monomer on the fabric was approximately /3 of the percent concentration in solution. The treated fabric samples were dried, heated in a forced draft oven for 5 minutes at 160 C. to bring about formation of an insoluble hygroscopic polymer on the fiber surface and rinsed. The samples so treated had excellent appearance. They were not appreciably yellowed or stiffened, and they exhibited excellent durable antistatic properties, as shown by resistivity measurements (SAR) (abbreviation for specific area resistivity) initially and after repeated laundering. The results obtained in this experiment are tabulated below:

C0ntrolKH C O a only.

Each laundering (L) at 60 C. in a household washing washing machine with a commercial synthetic detergent.

EXAMPLE IX The experiment of Example VIII was repeated, except that 13.5% Carbowax 1000 replaced 8% Carbowax 600, and 10% Carbowax 1000 replaced 6% Carbowax 600 in the treating solutions A, B and C. The results obtained were comparable to those shown in Example VIII.

EXAMPLE X N ,N '-zetrakis(beta-hydroxyethyl polyglycol diamine HOCHzCHz CHzCHzOH N(CHzCI'IzO) CH2CHgN HOCHZCH: CHzCHzOH Into a 500 cc. three-necked flask were charged 0.2 In. (127.4 parts) dichloride of polyethylene glycol 600, 0.4 In. (42 parts) diethanol amine, 35.2 parts NaHCO and 200 parts of Water as the diluent. The mixture was heated to a reflux in 1 hour. Heating was continued till no increase of inorganic chloride ion was observed. After a period of hours, the found percent Cl ion was 3.63% against the calculated value of 3.67%. The water in the mixture was stripped off under vacuo and the water-free residue was dissolved in isopropanol to separate the inorganic salt. After stripping off the isopropanol a light brown viscous liquid was recovered and which weighed 119.6 grs. giving a yield of 77.2%. The product N,N'- tetrakis(beta-hydroxyethyl)polyglycol diamine was soluble in water.

EXAMPLE XI Union Carbide Chemicals), 35.2 parts NaHCO and 200 parts water as the diluent. The mixture was heated to a reflux in 1 hour. Heating was continued till no increase of inorganic chloride ion was observed. After a period of 15 hours, the found percent Cl ion was 3.32% versus a calculated value of 3.76% The mixture was mixed with isopropanol and the inorganic salt precipitated was filtered off. The water-isopropanol diluent was stripped off under vacuo. The product recovered was a light brown viscous liquid which weighed 124.4 grs. corresponding to a yield of 91.6%. The prepolymer was soluble in water.

(B) Into a 500 cc. three-necked flask were charged 0.2 In. (127.4 parts) dichloride of polyethylene glycol 600, 0.2 m. (32.6 parts) polyglycol amine H163 (a product of Union Carbide Chemicals), 55.28 parts K CO and 100 parts isopropanol as the diluent. The mixture was heated to a reflux in 1 hour. Heating was continued till no increase of inorganic chloride ion was observed. After a period of hours, the found percent CI ion was 3.63% against a calculated value of 4.52%. The inorganic salt precipitated was filtered off. The isopropanol was stripped off under vacuo. The product recovered was a brown viscous liquid which weighed 129.5 grs., giving a 94.5% yield. The prepolymer was soluble in water.

EXAMPLE XII F our samples of plain weave white polyester fabric were impregnated on a laboratory padder with an aqueous solution containing 1.35% of 1,3,5-tris-betamethoxypropionyl s perhydrotriazine (TMPT) 8.65% of the product of Example XI(B) 2% potassium carbonate, anhydrous (K CO SAR (Ohms) at RH Curing Sample Temp. 0.

Initial 10L 35L L 1. 4X10 2. 3X10 7. 5X10 9X10 1. 3x10 2. 4X10 6. 7X10 9X10 2. 4x10 1. 2X10 6. 7X10 9X10" 3. 9X10 4. 0X10 7. 8X10 6X10 The durability of this finish appears to surpass that of other known finish.

The durable antistatic finishes obtained according to the methods of the present invention are effective in that they have good properties after many laundering and dry cleanings. They are particularly effective in preventing the accumulation of static charges on hydrophobic materials, particularly textile hydrophobic materials, which are manufactured from the normally hydrophobic materials. These materials which exhibit the objectionable tendency to accumulate static charges include polyamide fibers normally referred to as nylon, polyester fibers, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate sold under the trademark Dacron, polyolefin fibers, acrylic and acrylonitrile fibers, polyvinyl chloride fibers, as well as cellulose triacetate fibers. Not only do the antistatic polymeric finishes of the present invention reduce the tendency to accumulate the static charges on textiles containing 100% hydrophobic materials but the finishes of the present invention are also Well suited for and produce improved properties in textile materials containing blends and mixtures of hydrophobic fibers with natural fibers such as cellulose and wool.

. 13' What is claimed is: 1. A method for making polymers comprising polymerizing (1) a polyoxyalkylene compound containingat least two groups corresponding to the structure where n is an integer from 2 to 4 and at least two terminal groups selected from the group consisting of OH, SH and wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, with (2) a polyfunctional amide compound containing at least two groups and no more than 3 per molecule of the formula said groups being linked together by hydrocarbon groups and where X 1's selected from the group consisting of aliphatic and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon groups and hydrogen, provided that one of said Xs is always a hydrocarbon group as defined, and Where Z is selected from the group consisting of wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl and Q is a polar residue derived from a reagent of weak nucleophilic character and is selected from the group consisting of the anion of a strong acid and the cation of a weak base, under alkaline conditions.

2. A method for making polymers comprising polymerizing 1) a polyoxyalkylene compound containing at least two groups corresponding to the structure where n is an integer from 2 to4 and at least two terminal groups selected from the group consisting of -OH, AH and NRH wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, with (2) a polyfunctional compound of the formula wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, Q is a polar residue derived from a reagent of weak nucleophilic character and is selected from the groupconsisting of the anion of a strong acid and the cation of a weak base, and Z is selected from the group consisting of (JHCHZO R1 and onorno I R1 7 1 under alkaline conditions.

3. A method for making polymers comprising polymerizing 14 (1) A polyoxyalkylene compound selected from the group consisting of HY- (C H O) C H YH said group being linked together by hydrocarbon groups and where X is selected from the group consisting of 'aliphatic and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon groups and hydrogen, provided that one of said Xs is always a hydrocarbon group as defined, and where Z is selected from the group consisting of wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl and Q is a polar residue derived from a reagent of weak nucleophilic character and is selected from the group consisting of the anion of a strong acid and the cation of a weak base, under alkaline conditions.

4. A method for making polymers comprising polymerizing V (1) a polyoxyalkylene compound selected from the group consisting of 2 (Cn 2n0)x-Cn 2nY-H and mixtures thereof wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and -NR, where in R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, n is an integer from 2 to 4, m is an integer from 3 to 50 and x is an integer from 2 to 20, with (2) a polyfunctional compound of the formula wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of R1 R1 R1 wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, Q is a polar residu derived from a reagent of weak nucleophilic char- -aeter and is selected from the group consisting. of

the anion of a strong acid and the cation of a weak base, and Z is selected from the group consisting of CHzOHgOH and 11 is an integer from 2 to 4, m is an integer from 3 to 50 and x is an integer from 2 to 20, with (2) a polyfunctional amide compound containing at least two groups and no more than three groups of the formula:

said groups being linked together by hydrocarbon groups and where X is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon groups and hydrogen, provided that one of said Xs is always a hydrocarbon group as defined, and wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl and Q is a polar residue derived from a reagent of weak nucleophilic character and is selected from the group consisting of the anion of a strong acid and the cation of a weak base, under alkaline conditions.

6. A polymer containing a recurring group represented by the structural formula:

group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, n is an integer from 2 to 4, and x is an integer from 2 to 20.

16- 8. A copolymer of 1,3,S-tris-beta-methoxypropionyl-sperhydrotriazine and polyethylene glycol.

9. A copolymer of 1,3,Strisbeta-methoxypropionyl-sperhydrotriazine and (CH3 $113 HzN CHCHzO 15-OHCH NH 10. A method for imparting desirable properties including reduced tendency to accumulate electrostatic charges to textile materials which are normally hydrophobic comprising contacting said textile materials under alkaline conditions with a composition comprising (1) a polyoxyalkylene compound containing at least two groups corresponding to the structure 2 where n is an integer from 2 to 4 and at least two terminal groups selected from the group consisting of OH, SH and wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, and (2) a polyfunctional amide compound containing at least two groups and more than 3 per molecule of the formula said groups being linked together by hydrocarbon groups and where X is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon groups and hydrogen, provided that one of said Xs is always a hydrocarbon group as defined, and wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl and Q is a polar residue derived from a reagent of weak nucleophilic character and is selected from the group consisting of the anion of a strong acid and the cation of a weak base, and reacting the composition on said textile material. 11. A method as defined in claim 10 wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of an alkaline catalyst.

12. A method for imparting desirable properties including reduced tendency to accumulate electrostatic charges to textile materials which are normally hydrophobic comprising contacting said textile materials, under alkaline conditions, with a composition comprising (1) a polyoxyalkylene compound containing at least two groups corresponding to the structure where n is an integer from 2 to 4 and at least two terminal groups selected from the group consisting of OH, SH and wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, with (2) a polyfunctional compound of the formula (DO-:2} on, om c o-r q N-O 0 2- wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of -O=CH:, oflornom and CIJHCHgQ,

wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, Q is a polar residue de rived from a reagent of weak nucleophilic character and is selected from the group consisting of the anion of a strong acid and the cation of a weak base, and Z is selected from the group consisting of CHCHzO R1 and CHOH2Q nH2n0) where n is an integer from 2 to 4 and at least two terminal groups selected from the group consisting of OH, SH and wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, and

(2) a polyfunctional amide compound containing at least two groups and more than 3 per molecule of the formula said groups being linked together by hydrocarbon groups and where X is selected from the group con sisting of aliphatic and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon groups and hydrogen, provided that one of said Xs is always a hydrocarbon group as defined and wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl and Q is a polar residue derived from a reagent of weak nucleophilic character and is selected from the group consisting of the anion of a strong acid and the cation of a weak base, and an additional amount of a polyfunctional compound containing at least two groups corresponding to the structure (C H O)- wherein n is an integer from 2 to 4 and at least two terminal groups selected from the group consisting of OH, SH and NR wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, suflicient to crosslink the said prepolymer.

15. A method for imparting antistatic properties to textile materials which normally have a tendency to accumulate static charges comprising contacting said textile materials, under alkaline conditions, with a prepolymer prepared by polymerizing (l) a polyoxyalkylene compound containing at least two groups corresponding to the structure where n is an integer from 2 to 4 and at least two terminal groups selected from the group consisting of OH, SH and wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, with (2) a polyfunctional compound of the formula (JO-Z1 ZOO-N wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, Q is a polar residue derived from a reagent of weak nucleophilic character and is selected from the group consisting of the anion of a strong acid and the cation of a weak base, and Z is selected from the group consisting of CHCHgOR; and CfHCHzQ 1 R1 and an additional amount of a polyfunctional compound containing at least two groups corresponding to the structure -(C H;,, O) wherein n is an integer from 2 to 4 and at least two terminal groups selected from the group consisting of OH, SH and NR wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl sufiicient t0 crosslink the said prepolymer.

16. A method for imparting antistatic properties to textile materials which normally have a tendency to accumulate static charges comprising contacting said textile materials, under alkaline conditions, with a composition comprising a (l) polyoxyalkylene compound containing at least two groups corresponding to the structure (C H O)- where n is an integer from 2 to 4 and at least two terminal groups selected from the group consisting of OH, SH and NR i1 wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, and

(2) a polyfunctional amide compound containing at least two groups and no more than 3 per molecule of the formula C=CH;, (llIEtCH ORi and (llHCHgQ 1 R: I R;

wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl and Q is a polar residue derived from a reagent of weak nucleophilic character and is selected from the group consisting of 19' the anion of a strong acid and the cation of a weak base, and reacting said composition on said textile materials.

17. A method for imparting antistatic properties to textile materials which normally have a tendency to accumulate static charges comprising contacting said textile materials, under alkaline conditions, with a composition comprising a (1) polyoxyalkylene compound selected from the group consisting of and mixtures thereof, wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and NR wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, n is an integer from 2 to 4, m is an integer from 3 to 50, and x is an integer from 2 to 20, and

(2) a polyfunctional amide compound containing at least two groups and no more than 3 per molecule of the formula said groups being linked together by hydrocarbon groups and where X is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon groups and hydrogen, provided that one of said Xs is always a hydrocarbon group as defined, and where Z is selected from the group consisting of wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl and Q is the polar residue derived from a reagent of weak nucleophilic character and is selected from the group consisting of the anion of a strong acid and the cation of a weak base, and reacting said composition on said textile materials.

18. A method as defined in claim 17 wherein the polyfunctional amide is a member selected from the group consisting of and ZCON (CH NCO-Z wherein at is an integer from 1 to 6, Z is selected from the group consisting of C=CH, CHCHzORi R1 R1 and (llHCHaQ wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, and Q is the polar residue derived from a reagent of weak nucleophilic character and is selected from the group consisting of the anion of a strong acid and cation of a weak base.

19. The method as defined in claim 17 wherein Q, the polar residue, is a member selected from the group consisting of oso M, ssOrM, ocoon o OOH, 00 01B;

CH3 CH3 NcsHg, and NCHgCgH wherein M is a member selected from the group consistmg of alkali metal and ammonium.

20 20. A method for imparting antistatic properties to textile materials which normally have a tendency to accumulate static charges comprising contacting said textile materials, under alkaline conditions, with a composition comprising a (l) polyoxyalkylene compound containing at least two groups corresponding to the structure (C H O) where n is an integer from 2 to 4 and at least two terminal groups selected from the group consisting of OH, 4H and wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, and (2) a polyfunctional compound of the formula zoo-N N-COZ wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of and GHCHzQ wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, and Q is a polar residue derived from a reagent of weak nucleophilic character and is selected from the group consisting of the anion of a strong acid and the cation of a weak base, and Z is selected from the group consisting of ({3HCH2O R;

1 and CHCHrQ and reacting said composition on said materials. 21. A method for imparting antistatic properties to textile materials which normally have a tendency to accumulate static charges comprising contacting said textile materials, under alkaline conditions, with a composition comprising a (1) polyoxyalkylene selected from the group consisting of HY(cuHh0)monHn-YH Z (C\1HEnO)xCnHZn Y-H R- o (onmno ,-0,,H,,.YH

zQ- (Gn nO) x C nHznYH and mixtures thereof, wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and --NR wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, n is an integer from 2 to 4, m is an integer from 3 to 50 and x is an integer from 2 to 20, and (2) a polyfunctional compound of the formula wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of wherein R is selected fromthe group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, Q is a polar residue de- 21" rived from a reagent of weak nucleophilic character and is selected from the group consisting of the anion of a strong acid and the cation of a weak base, and Z is selected from the group consisting of R1 and wherein M is a member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and ammonium.

23. A method for imparting antistatic properties to textile materials which normally have a tendency to accumulate static charges comprising contacting said textile materials, under alkaline conditions, with a composition comprising a (l) polyoxyalkylene compound HOCHQCHI n ln )m u Iu HO CHrCHn CHgCHzOH CHICHIOH and EN 11 2110) m n Zu n is an integer from 2 to 4, m is an integer from 3 to 50 and x is an integer from 2 to 20, and

(2) a polyfunctional amide compound containing at least two groups and no more than three groups of the formula:

said groups being linked together by hydrocarbon groups and where X is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon groups and hydrogen, provided that one of said Xs is always a hydrocarbon group as defined wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl and Q is a polar residue derived from a reagent of weak nucleophilic character and is selected from the group consisting of the anion of a strong acid and the cation of a weak base, and reacting said composition on said textile materials.

24. A method for imparting antistatic properties to textile materials which normally have a tendency to accumulate static charges comprising contacting said textile materials with a composition comprising 1,3,5-tris-betamethoxypropionyl-s perhydrotriazine and a polyoxyalkylene compound containing at least two groups corresponding to the structure (C H o)-- wherein n is an integer from 2 to 4 and at least two terminal groups selected from the group consisting of OH, SH and wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl in the presence of an alkaline catalyst.

25. A method for imparting antistatic properties to textile materials which normally have a tendency to accumulate static charges comprising contacting said textile materials with a composition comprising 1,3,5-tris-betamethoxypropionyl-s-perhydrotriazine and a polyether diamine of the structure in the presence of an alkaline catalyst.

26. A textile material having improved properties including reduced tendency to accumulate electrostatic charges, said textile material having attached to its exposed surfaces a polymer comprising the reaction product of (1) a polyoxyalkylene compound containing at least two groups corresponding to the structure where n is an integer from 2 to 4 and at least two terminal groups selected from the group consisting of --OH, SH and -NR wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, and

(2) a polyfunctional amide compound containing at least two groups and no more than 3 per molecule of the formula said groups being linked together by hydrocarbon groups and where X is selected from the group consaid groups being linked together by hydrocarbon groups and hydrogen, provided that one of said Xs is always a hydrocarbon group as defined, and wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of where n is an integer from 2 to 4 and at least two terminal groups selected from the group consisting of OH, AH and NR wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl, with (2) a polyfunctional compound of the formula (|1OZ1 N \(FHI N-C 0 Z I ZOO-N 23 24 wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of References Cited F and UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,016,281 1/1962 Kropa et a1. 8-1162 i g en ar fii i t egg l g ii a 1 pg lr gsi dg 5 3,063,870 11/ 1962 Wakeman et a1. 117139.5-0 derived from a reagent of weak nucleophilic charac- 3,070,552 12/1962 T650170 et 117139-5'0 ter and is selected from the group consisting of the 3,108,011 10/1963 FIOtSCheI' 117139-5-0 anion of a strong acid and the cationof a weak base; and Z is selected from the group consisting of 10 OTHER EEFERENCES OHCH OR Hayek: Antistatic Finishes for Textiles," American 1 Dyestufi. Reporter, June-7', 1954; pp. 368-371 relied on.

R1 (Copy in 260,- Antistatie DigesLGroup 140.)

and

-(JHCH,Q 15 JOSEPH L. SCHOFER, Primary Examiner.

R1 H. I. CANTOR, Assistant Examiner.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3,351,622 November 7, 1967 Giuliana C. Tesoro It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.

Column 6 line 43 for "To" read The column 9, 1i] 62 for "dessicator" read desiccator column 13 line 21 column 16, line 36,

column 14, line 28, column 15, line 39, column 17, line 48, column 18, line 65, column 19, line 33,

column 21, line 55, and column 22, line 43, for "Xs'", each column 15, lines 64 to 70, the

occurrence, read X's formula should appear as shown below instead of as in the patent:

-[C H O) C H Y-CH CH-IO E 1" -CH CHCO-N N-COCHCH I l R1 CH2 R1 column 16, line 26, and column 17, line 39, for "and more", each occurrence, read and no more column 22, line 26, for "-(C H read -(C H O)- line 42, for "said groups being linked together by hydrocarbon" read sisting of aliphatic and cycloaliphatic Signed and sealed this 11th day of February 1969.

(SEAL) Attest:

EDWARD J. BRENNER EDWARD M.FLETCHER,JR.

Commissioner of Patents Attesting Officer

Claims

1. A METHOD FOR MAKING POLYMERS COMPRISING POLYMERIZING (1) A POLYOXALKYLENE COMPOUND CONTAINING AT LEAST TWO GROUPS CORRESPONDING TO THE STRUCTURE