CN105498362A - 一种防静电滤料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种防静电滤料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105498362A
CN105498362A CN201510917156.0A CN201510917156A CN105498362A CN 105498362 A CN105498362 A CN 105498362A CN 201510917156 A CN201510917156 A CN 201510917156A CN 105498362 A CN105498362 A CN 105498362A
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filter material
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杨东
刘江峰
徐辉
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Anhui Yuanchen Environmental Protection Science and Technology Co Ltd
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    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/09—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making electroconductive or anti-static filaments
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种防静电滤料，属于环保装备生产技术领域，所述滤料按照过滤先后顺序依次包括：第一层，碳纤维迎尘层；第二层，超细纤维混纺层；第三层，导电基布支撑层；第四层，普通纤维混纺层；所述四层之间通过针刺钩连而成；所述导电基布支撑层由PPS纱线与导电纤维通过经纬交织制成。该技术方案提供的防静电滤料中，第一层由碳纤维经过水刺织成，手感柔和，孔径分布均匀并且孔隙小；由于其具有导电性可将到达滤料表面电晕放电电荷及时消除；并且第三层也由导电颗粒混纺而成，能够有效提高滤料内部吸附的粉尘相互摩擦产生的静电堆积，因而抗静电性能优异。本发明还提供了一种上述防静电滤料的制备方法。

Description

一种防静电滤料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种防静电滤料，以及该滤料的制备方法，属于环保装备生产技术领域。
背景技术
在电厂、水泥厂、钢铁厂等高温及高腐蚀烟气的工况中，由于粉尘相互摩擦容易产生静电，导致粉尘附着在滤袋上，加大了清灰难度；并且一些易燃易爆性粉尘在有静电情况下会发生剧烈的爆炸和燃烧，安全隐患巨大，因此，对滤料进行防静电处理具有重要意义。
传统的滤料防静电方法有两种，第一种是通过涂覆的方法将抗静电物质涂覆到纤维表面上，此类纤维在使用过程中，容易因摩擦导致导电物质脱落，从而降低其导电性能；第二种方式是在通过混纺的模式将导电纤维与普通纤维混合在一起，但是这种方法存在纤维混纺不均匀，导致导电效果不佳。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供了一种防静电滤料，具体技术方案如下：
一种防静电滤料，所述滤料按照过滤先后顺序依次包括：第一层，碳纤维迎尘层；第二层，超细纤维混纺层；第三层，导电基布支撑层；第四层，普通纤维混纺层；所述四层之间通过针刺钩连而成；所述导电基布支撑层由PPS纱线与导电纤维通过经纬交织制成。
作为上述技术方案的改进，所述第三层中，导电纤维由导电母粒与PPS切片混合后熔融纺丝制成。
作为上述技术方案的改进，所述第三层中，导电纤维中的导电母粒由导电聚合物、纳米级金属粉末、纳米级炭黑、纳米级石墨混合而成。
作为上述技术方案的改进，所述第三层中，导电聚合物为聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚吡咯以及聚噻吩中的一种或多种；所述纳米级金属粉末为银、铜、铅、镍以及铝中的一种或多种。
作为上述技术方案的改进，所述碳纤维迎尘层由水刺织成。
作为上述技术方案的改进，所述超细纤维混纺层由超细PPS与超细PTFE混纺而成。
作为上述技术方案的改进，所述普通纤维混纺层由PPS、PTFE、玻纤以及P84混纺而成。
上述技术方案提供的防静电滤料中，第一层由碳纤维经过水刺织成，手感柔和，孔径分布均匀并且孔隙小；由于其具有导电性可将到达滤料表面电晕放电电荷及时消除；并且第三层也由导电颗粒混纺而成，能够有效提高滤料内部吸附的粉尘相互摩擦产生的静电堆积，因此抗静电性能优异。
本发明还提供了一种上述防静电滤料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：步骤一，各层的制备；步骤二，各层间针刺勾连；所述步骤一中，第三层的制备方法分为以下三步：
（1）导电母粒的制备，将导电聚合物、纳米级金属粉末、纳米级炭黑、纳米级石墨混合，其中导电聚合物为聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚吡咯以及聚噻吩中的一种或多种，其中纳米级金属粉末为银、铜、铅、镍以及铝中的一种或多种；
（2）导电纤维的制备，将导电母粒与PPS切片混合得到混合颗粒，在小型模拟纺丝机上纺丝制得导电纤维；
（3）导电基布支撑层的制备，将导电纤维与PPS纱线通过经纬交织制成导电基布支撑层。
作为上述技术方案的改进，所述步骤（2）中，导电母粒与PPS切片的重量比为10%~12%:88%~90%。
作为上述技术方案的改进，所述步骤（2）中，纺丝温度为310℃～340℃，纺丝速度为300m/min，喷丝头孔径0.7mm~1mm，100℃下牵伸4倍~6倍，在热定型温度160℃~260℃下热定型5min~10min。
上述方法制备的滤料整体强度高、耐高温、耐腐蚀、过滤性能好、使用寿命长、导电均匀、具有良好的抗静电性能，有益效果显著。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种防静电滤料，所述滤料按照过滤先后顺序依次包括：第一层，碳纤维迎尘层，所述碳纤维迎尘层由水刺织成；第二层，超细纤维混纺层，所述超细纤维混纺层由超细PPS与超细PTFE混纺而成；第三层，导电基布支撑层；第四层，普通纤维混纺层，所述普通纤维混纺层由PPS、PTFE、玻纤以及P84混纺而成；所述四层之间通过针刺钩连而成；所述导电基布支撑层由PPS纱线与导电纤维通过经纬交织制成；其中，第三层中，导电纤维由导电母粒与PPS切片混合后熔融纺丝制成，导电母粒可以由导电聚合物、纳米级金属粉末、纳米级炭黑、纳米级石墨混合而成，导电聚合物可以是聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚吡咯以及聚噻吩中的一种或多种，纳米级金属粉末为银、铜、铅、镍以及铝中的一种或多种。
上述技术方案提供的防静电滤料中，第一层由碳纤维经过水刺织成，手感柔和，孔径分布均匀并且孔隙小；由于其具有导电性可将到达滤料表面电晕放电电荷及时消除；并且第三层也由导电颗粒混纺而成，能够有效提高滤料内部吸附的粉尘相互摩擦产生的静电堆积。
本发明还提供了一种上述防静电滤料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：步骤一，各层的制备；步骤二，各层间针刺勾连；所述步骤一中，第三层的制备方法分为以下三步：
（1）导电母粒的制备，将导电聚合物、纳米级金属粉末、纳米级炭黑、纳米级石墨混合，其中导电聚合物为聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚吡咯以及聚噻吩中的一种或多种，其中纳米级金属粉末为银、铜、铅、镍以及铝中的一种或多种；
（2）导电纤维的制备，将导电母粒与PPS切片混合得到混合颗粒，在小型模拟纺丝机上纺丝制得导电纤维，纺丝温度为310℃～340℃，纺丝速度为300m/min，喷丝头孔径0.7mm~1mm，100℃下牵伸4倍~6倍，在热定型温度160℃~260℃下热定型5min~10min，其中导电母粒与PPS切片的重量比为10%~12%:88%~90%；
（3）导电基布支撑层的制备，将导电纤维与PPS纱线通过经纬交织制成导电基布支撑层。
该方法制备的滤料整体强度高、耐高温、耐腐蚀、过滤性能好、使用寿命长、导电均匀、具有良好的抗静电性能，有益效果显著。
下面结合具体实施例进行详细阐述。
实施例一
按照以下步骤进行防静电滤料的制备，步骤一，单独制备第一、二、三、四层，其中，第三层按照以下三步进行：
（1）导电母粒的制备，将导电聚合物、纳米级金属粉末、纳米级炭黑、纳米级石墨混合，其中导电聚合物为聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚吡咯以及聚噻吩中的混合物，其中纳米级金属粉末为银、铜、铅、镍以及铝的混合物；
（2）导电纤维的制备，将导电母粒与PPS切片混合得到混合颗粒，在小型模拟纺丝机上纺丝制得导电纤维，纺丝温度为310℃，纺丝速度为300m/min，喷丝头孔径1mm，100℃下牵伸4倍，在热定型温度160℃下热定型10min，其中导电母粒与PPS切片的重量比为10%:90%；
（3）导电基布支撑层的制备，将导电纤维与PPS纱线通过经纬交织制成导电基布支撑层；
步骤二，将各层间针刺勾连，得到防静电滤料产品，经检测，该产品抗静电性能优异，使用寿命长。
实施例二
按照以下步骤进行防静电滤料的制备，步骤一，单独制备第一、二、三、四层，其中，第三层按照以下三步进行：
（1）导电母粒的制备，将导电聚合物、纳米级金属粉末、纳米级炭黑、纳米级石墨混合，其中导电聚合物为聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚吡咯以及聚噻吩中的混合物，其中纳米级金属粉末为银、铜、铅、镍以及铝的混合物；
（2）导电纤维的制备，将导电母粒与PPS切片混合得到混合颗粒，在小型模拟纺丝机上纺丝制得导电纤维，纺丝温度为340℃，纺丝速度为300m/min，喷丝头孔径0.7mm，100℃下牵伸6倍，在热定型温度260℃下热定型5min，其中导电母粒与PPS切片的重量比为12%:88%；
（3）导电基布支撑层的制备，将导电纤维与PPS纱线通过经纬交织制成导电基布支撑层；
步骤二，将各层间针刺勾连，得到防静电滤料产品，经检测，该产品抗静电性能优异，使用寿命长。
实施例三
按照以下步骤进行防静电滤料的制备，步骤一，单独制备第一、二、三、四层，其中，第三层按照以下三步进行：
（1）导电母粒的制备，将导电聚合物、纳米级金属粉末、纳米级炭黑、纳米级石墨混合，其中导电聚合物为聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚吡咯以及聚噻吩中的混合物，其中纳米级金属粉末为银、铜、铅、镍以及铝的混合物；
（2）导电纤维的制备，将导电母粒与PPS切片混合得到混合颗粒，在小型模拟纺丝机上纺丝制得导电纤维，纺丝温度为322℃，纺丝速度为300m/min，喷丝头孔径0.8mm，100℃下牵伸5倍，在热定型温度205℃下热定型8min，其中导电母粒与PPS切片的重量比为11%:89%；
（3）导电基布支撑层的制备，将导电纤维与PPS纱线通过经纬交织制成导电基布支撑层；
步骤二，将各层间针刺勾连，得到防静电滤料产品，经检测，该产品抗静电性能优异，使用寿命长。

Claims (10)

1.一种防静电滤料，其特征在于，所述滤料按照过滤先后顺序依次包括：第一层，碳纤维迎尘层；第二层，超细纤维混纺层；第三层，导电基布支撑层；第四层，普通纤维混纺层；所述四层之间通过针刺钩连而成；所述导电基布支撑层由PPS纱线与导电纤维通过经纬交织制成。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种防静电滤料，其特征在于，所述第三层中，导电纤维由导电母粒与PPS切片混合后熔融纺丝制成。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种防静电滤料，其特征在于，所述第三层中，导电纤维中的导电母粒由导电聚合物、纳米级金属粉末、纳米级炭黑、纳米级石墨混合而成。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种防静电滤料，其特征在于，所述第三层中，导电聚合物为聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚吡咯以及聚噻吩中的一种或多种；所述纳米级金属粉末为银、铜、铅、镍以及铝中的一种或多种。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种防静电滤料，其特征在于，所述碳纤维迎尘层由水刺织成。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种防静电滤料，其特征在于，所述超细纤维混纺层由超细PPS与超细PTFE混纺而成。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种防静电滤料，其特征在于，所述普通纤维混纺层由PPS、PTFE、玻纤以及P84混纺而成。
8.一种权利要求1所述的防静电滤料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：步骤一，各层的制备；步骤二，各层间针刺勾连；其特征在于，所述步骤一中，第三层的制备方法分为以下三步：
（1）导电母粒的制备，将导电聚合物、纳米级金属粉末、纳米级炭黑、纳米级石墨混合，其中导电聚合物为聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚吡咯以及聚噻吩中的一种或多种，其中纳米级金属粉末为银、铜、铅、镍以及铝中的一种或多种；
（2）导电纤维的制备，将导电母粒与PPS切片混合得到混合颗粒，在小型模拟纺丝机上纺丝制得导电纤维；
（3）导电基布支撑层的制备，将导电纤维与PPS纱线通过经纬交织制成导电基布支撑层。
9.如权利要求8所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（2）中，导电母粒与PPS切片的重量比为10%~12%:88%~90%。
10.如权利要求9所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（2）中，纺丝温度为310℃～340℃，纺丝速度为300m/min，喷丝头孔径0.7mm~1mm，100℃下牵伸4倍~6倍，在热定型温度160℃~260℃下热定型5min~10min。
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