CN111407771A - 一种抑菌矾冰纤维膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抑菌矾冰纤维膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111407771A
CN111407771A CN202010255878.5A CN202010255878A CN111407771A CN 111407771 A CN111407771 A CN 111407771A CN 202010255878 A CN202010255878 A CN 202010255878A CN 111407771 A CN111407771 A CN 111407771A
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刘勇
黄丽冰
刘玥琪
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Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种同时含有中药白矾和冰片,并具有抑制金黄葡萄球菌活性的纤维膜及其制备方法,属于中药制剂技术领域。所述一种抑菌矾冰纤维膜由下述质量百分比的组分配制的溶液制备:白矾6.66%~26.66%、蒸馏水10%~40%、冰片6.66%~26.66%、无水乙醇60%~90%、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮60%。所述一种抑菌矾冰纤维膜的制备方法为溶液静电纺丝法,通过将制备得到的含药混悬溶液吸入微量注射泵上的医用注射器中;正、负压直流电源分别为铝制接收板和钢制针头提供电压以形成高压静电场;含药混悬溶液在微量注射泵的推动下进入高压静电场后拉伸固化成丝落在铝制接收板上。本发明公开的一种抑菌矾冰纤维膜可以在4小时内溶出约80%的药物冰片,有效提高冰片的生物利用度,并且对金黄葡萄球菌具有明显的抑制作用,对外用于烧烫伤、疮口不敛等病状具有很大的应用价值。

Description

一种抑菌矾冰纤维膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于中药制剂技术领域,具体涉及一种同时含有中药白矾和冰片,并具有抑制金黄葡萄球菌作用的纤维膜的制备方法。
背景技术
白矾又名明矾,是矿物明矾石经加工提炼而成的结晶,主要成分是含水硫酸铝钾[KAl(SO42·12H2O],味酸、涩、性寒,有消炎、收敛作用。冰片性辛凉, 具有清热散风、消肿止痛及防腐之效, 有抑制细菌和真菌,促进药物的透皮吸收等作用。在中药应用历史上,这两味中药配合使用时,对治疗小儿口疮、女性妇科疾病等有很好的功效。1975年,湖南中医药大学第一附属医院以白矾、冰片为主通过加工制成混悬液,命名为矾冰液,在治疗烧烫伤、带状疱疹、药物性静脉炎、放射性皮炎等方面疗效确切。而后经过技术的更新和配方优化发展成为分散体系更加稳定的矾冰纳米乳制剂,能有效提高冰片的溶解度和分散度。但矾冰纳米乳用药时需采用纱布湿敷,需频繁喷药;另外,矾冰纳米乳为水包油体系,采用油相载冰片,水相载白矾,若油溶性的冰片含量过高则会导致冰片结晶析出,导致分散体系失稳;并且,冰片为难溶于水的植物中药,治疗时难以被体液溶解并吸收,所以生物利用度很低,导致冰片这味珍贵药材的大量浪费及药物治疗效果下降,因此研发出一种载药量大、药物不易流失、使用方便、药物分散稳定并生物利用度高的矾冰制剂产品具有很大的发展前景。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对上述存在的问题,提供一种抑菌矾冰纤维膜及其制备方法,以提高冰片在水中的溶解度,以及药物对金黄葡萄球菌的抑制作用。
本发明提出的一种抑菌矾冰纤维膜及其制备方法,是通过以下技术方案实现的:
本发明的一种抑菌矾冰纤维膜,由下述质量百分比的组分配制的溶液制备而成:白矾6.66%~23.53%、蒸馏水10%~40%、冰片5.88%~26.67%、无水乙醇60%~90%、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮66.66%~70.58%。首先分别用上述蒸馏水溶解白矾,制得白矾溶液,用上述无水乙醇溶解冰片,制得冰片溶液;其次将制得的白矾溶液与冰片溶液混合并析出白色晶体后,放入超声清洗机中超声处理900秒,打碎溶液中析出的较大晶体;最后往混合溶液中添加聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,充分搅拌后,将其放入超声清洗机中超声处理360秒后,充分搅拌制得含药混悬溶液。
本发明的一种抑菌矾冰纤维膜的制备方法,为溶液静电纺丝法,即利用溶液静电纺丝装置将上述含药混悬溶液制成含药纤维膜,上述溶液静电纺丝装置主要由医用注射器、钢制针头、微量注射泵、正压直流电源、负压直流电源、铝制接收板组成:医用注射器安有钢制针头,并置于微量注射泵上,通过调节微量注射泵的推进速度来控制医用注射器注射速度;铝制接收板正对钢制针头15~20 cm处竖直放置;负压直流电源一端通过导线连接钢制针头,一端有效接地,正压直流电源一端通过导线连接铝制接收板,一端有效接地,使得钢制针头和铝制接收板之间形成高压静电场。由上述溶液静电纺丝装置制备矾冰纤维膜包括以下步骤:
A.将含药混悬溶液吸入医用注射器中,调节好微量注射泵的推进速度;
B.打开负压直流电源和正压直流电源,分别调节好施加在钢制针头的负电压和铝制接收板上的正电压,钢制针头和铝制接收板之间形成高压静电场;
C.启动微量注射泵,推动医用注射器中的含药混悬溶液进入高压静电场,含药混悬溶液经过接有负压直流电源的钢制针头挤出时带上负电荷,进入高压静电场中受到电场力作用拉伸,溶剂挥发,溶质固化成丝,落在接有正压直流电源的铝制接收板上成膜。
上述由溶液静电纺丝法制备得到的含药纤维膜中纤维直径为0.2 μm~1.5 μm,具有纤维直径小、比表面积大等特点,有利于提高冰片的分散稳定性,增大药物与水的接触面积,从而提高药物溶出速度和周围溶液的药物浓度,对金黄葡萄球菌起到抑制作用。本发明的矾冰纤维膜,将活性药物白矾和冰片高度分散在水溶性载体聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中,有效改善了药物的溶解性,提高了药物的抑菌性能。
有益效果:
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下优点:
1. 本发明所述矾冰纤维膜,采用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮作为药物载体,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮是一种非离子型的高分子化合物,具有很好的生物相容性,能同时溶于无水乙醇和蒸馏水两种溶剂,具有很好的成膜性和吸湿性,能有效提高药物的利用率。
本发明所述矾冰纤维膜,是利用溶液静电纺丝法制备的直径小、比表面积大,孔隙率高的微纳米级纤维膜,药物在纤维中的分散度高且不易流失,可以延长药物在受患部位的滞留时间,其中药物白矾和冰片均具有抑菌作用,可大大提高疗效。
本发明所述矾冰纤维膜经过配方的优化改进,具有成分简单、载药量大、成膜性好、药物不易流失等多种优点,使用过程中无需频繁换药,并且制备方法简单,易于操作。
本发明所述矾冰纤维膜具有消炎止痛、收敛疮疤、抑菌等效果,适用于烧烫伤、带状疱疹、疮口不敛等症状。
附图说明
图1本发明溶液静电纺丝装置示意图;
图2本发明实施例1、2、3、4、5制得矾冰纤维膜的纤维形貌图;
图3本发明实施例2制得矾冰纤维膜和矾冰纳米乳、冰片原药的体外溶出曲线图;
图4本发明实施例2制得矾冰纤维膜和矾冰纳米乳的抑菌图;
图中: 1.负压直流电源;2.微量注射泵;3.医用注射器;4.钢制针头;5.铝制接收板;6.正压直流电源。
具体实施方式
为了更充分的解释本发明一种抑菌矾冰纤维膜及其制备方法,提供下述制备方法的具体实施例,但是本发明并不限于这些实施例。
实施例1
(1)称取0.1 g白矾粉末,溶解于1.0 mL的蒸馏水中,制成白矾水溶液;
(2)称取0.4 g冰片粉末,溶解于9.0 mL的无水乙醇中,制成冰片乙醇溶液;
(3)将上述冰片乙醇溶液倒入白矾水溶液中混合,放入超声清洗机中超声处理900秒,制成白色混悬溶液;
(4)在上述白色混悬溶液中加入1.0 g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,置于恒温磁力搅拌器上搅拌4小时,使聚乙烯吡咯烷酮完全溶解,制成白矾-冰片-聚乙烯吡咯烷酮混合溶液;
(5)将上述白矾-冰片-聚乙烯吡咯烷酮混合溶液放入超声清洗机中,超声处理360秒,制成含药混悬溶液,备用。
将上述含药混悬溶液吸入安有钢制针头(4)的医用注射器(3)中,然后将装有含药混悬溶液的医用注射器(3)固定在微量注射泵(2)上,调节微量注射泵(2)流量设置流速为0.5 ml/h。铝制接收板(5)正对钢制针头(4)竖直放置,两者之间相距20 cm。负压直流电源(1)一端接地,一端通过导线连接钢制针头(4),为其施加负压1.5 kV;正压直流电源(6)一端接地,一端通过导线连接铝制接收板(5),为其施加正压22 kV;使得钢制针头(4)与铝制接收板(5)之间产生高压静电场。在微量注射泵(2)的推进作用下,医用注射器(3)中的含药混悬溶液经过带有负压的钢制针头(4)挤出时带上负电荷,进入高压静电场中受到电场力作用拉伸,溶剂挥发,溶质固化成丝,落在带有正压的铝制接收板(5)上成膜,制得矾冰纤维膜。
实施例2
(1)称取0.2 g白矾粉末,溶解于2.0 mL的蒸馏水中,制成白矾水溶液;
(2)称取0.3 g冰片粉末,溶解于8.0 mL的无水乙醇中,制成冰片乙醇溶液;
(3)将上述冰片乙醇溶液倒入白矾水溶液中混合,放入超声清洗机中超声处理900秒,制成白色混悬溶液;
(4)在上述白色混悬溶液中加入1.0 g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,置于恒温磁力搅拌器上搅拌4小时,使聚乙烯吡咯烷酮完全溶解,制成白矾-冰片-聚乙烯吡咯烷酮混合溶液;
(5)将上述白矾-冰片-聚乙烯吡咯烷酮混合溶液放入超声清洗机中,超声处理360秒,制成含药混悬溶液,备用。
制备过程与实施例1一致。
实施例3
(1)称取0.25 g白矾粉末,溶解于2.5 mL的蒸馏水中,制成白矾水溶液;
(2)称取0.25 g冰片粉末,溶解于7.5 mL的无水乙醇中,制成冰片乙醇溶液;
(3)将上述冰片乙醇溶液倒入白矾水溶液中混合,放入超声清洗机中超声处理900秒,制成白色混悬溶液;
(4)在上述白色混悬溶液中加入1.0 g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,置于恒温磁力搅拌器上搅拌4小时,使聚乙烯吡咯烷酮完全溶解,制成白矾-冰片-聚乙烯吡咯烷酮混合溶液;
(5)将上述白矾-冰片-聚乙烯吡咯烷酮混合溶液放入超声清洗机中,超声处理360秒,制成含药混悬溶液,备用。
制备过程与实施例1一致。
实施例4
(1)称取0.3 g白矾粉末,溶解于3.0 mL的蒸馏水中,制成白矾水溶液;
(2)称取0.2 g冰片粉末,溶解于7.0 mL的无水乙醇中,制成冰片乙醇溶液;
(3)将上述冰片乙醇溶液倒入白矾水溶液中混合,放入超声清洗机中超声处理900秒,制成白色混悬溶液;
(4)在上述白色混悬溶液中加入1.2 g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,置于恒温磁力搅拌器上搅拌4小时,使聚乙烯吡咯烷酮完全溶解,制成白矾-冰片-聚乙烯吡咯烷酮混合溶液;
(5)将上述白矾-冰片-聚乙烯吡咯烷酮混合溶液放入超声清洗机中,超声处理360秒,制成含药混悬溶液,备用。
制备过程与实施例1一致。
实施例5
(1)称取0.4 g白矾粉末,溶解于4.0 mL的蒸馏水中,制成白矾水溶液;
(2)称取0.1 g冰片粉末,溶解于6.0 mL的无水乙醇中,制成冰片乙醇溶液;
(3)将上述冰片乙醇溶液倒入白矾水溶液中混合,放入超声清洗机中超声处理900秒,制成白色混悬溶液;
(4)在上述白色混悬溶液中加入1.2 g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,置于恒温磁力搅拌器上搅拌4小时,使聚乙烯吡咯烷酮完全溶解,制成白矾-冰片-聚乙烯吡咯烷酮混合溶液;
(5)将上述白矾-冰片-聚乙烯吡咯烷酮混合溶液放入超声清洗机中,超声处理360秒,制成含药混悬溶液,备用。
制备过程与实施例1一致。
验证实验:
按实施例2所述方法制备矾冰纤维膜样品并进行如下验证实验,考察难溶性药物冰片的体外溶出效果和抑菌效果:
(1)冰片的体外溶出效果:选取本发明的上述实施例2中得到的矾冰纤维膜,进行体外溶出度测定:取上述矾冰纤维膜0.5 g浸入50 mL蒸馏水中,放入恒温振荡器中,恒温振荡器转速为70 r/min,介质温度为37 ℃,每隔一定时间取样5 mL,同时补加同体积、同温度的蒸馏水,将所取溶液在8000 r/min的转速下进行高速离心,取上清液用气质联用仪测定其中冰片的含量,计算冰片的溶出度;
另取冰片原药粉末,同上述方法测定其溶出度,结果如图3所示。由结果可以看出,冰片原药粉末在4小时内,冰片原药缓慢溶出约15%左右,而本发明的上述实施例2所制得的矾冰纤维膜在4小时内可快速溶出冰片达80%左右,其溶出程度大大提高,具备快速释放和生物利用度高的特点。
(2)抑菌效果:选取本发明的上述实施例2中得到的矾冰纤维膜,进行对金黄葡萄球菌的体外抗菌活性研究:将100 μL浓度为1×106 cfu/mL的金黄葡萄球菌悬液接种入灭菌的胰蛋白炖大豆琼脂,剪取上述实施例2得到的矾冰纤维膜为直径15 mm的圆,进行紫外线杀菌30 min后放入上述胰蛋白炖大豆琼脂中,37℃恒温下培养24小时后观察抑菌效果。结果如图4所示,由结果可以看出,本发明的上述实施例2所制得的矾冰纤维膜对金黄葡萄球菌具有明显的抑制作用。

Claims (4)

1.一种抑菌矾冰纤维膜,其特征在于,该矾冰纤维膜由下述质量百分比的组分配制的溶液制备而成:白矾6.66%~23.53%、蒸馏水10%~40%、冰片5.88%~26.67%、无水乙醇60%~90%、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮66.66%~70.58%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抑菌矾冰纤维膜,其特征在于,首先分别用上述蒸馏水溶解白矾,制得白矾溶液,用上述无水乙醇溶解冰片,制得冰片溶液;其次将制得的白矾溶液与冰片溶液混合并析出白色晶体后,放入超声清洗机中超声处理900秒,打碎溶液中析出的较大晶体;最后往混合溶液中添加聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,充分搅拌后,将其放入超声清洗机中超声处理360秒后,充分搅拌制得含药混悬溶液。
3.一种抑菌矾冰纤维膜的制备方法,其特征在于,为溶液静电纺丝法,即利用溶液静电纺丝装置将上述含药混悬溶液制成含药纤维膜,上述溶液静电纺丝装置主要由医用注射器、钢制针头、微量注射泵、正压直流电源、负压直流电源、铝制接收板组成:医用注射器安有钢制针头,并置于微量注射泵上,通过调节微量注射泵的推进速度来控制医用注射器注射速度;铝制接收板正对钢制针头15~20 cm处竖直放置;负压直流电源一端通过导线连接钢制针头,一端有效接地,正压直流电源一端通过导线连接铝制接收板,一端有效接地,使得钢制针头和铝制接收板之间形成高压静电场;
由上述溶液静电纺丝装置制备矾冰纤维膜包括以下步骤:
将含药混悬溶液吸入医用注射器中,调节好微量注射泵的推进速度;
打开负压直流电源和正压直流电源,分别调节好施加在钢制针头的负电压和铝制接收板上的正电压,钢制针头和铝制接收板之间形成高压静电场;
启动微量注射泵,推动医用注射器中的含药混悬溶液进入高压静电场,含药混悬溶液经过接有负压直流电源的钢制针头挤出时带上负电荷,进入高压静电场中受到电场力作用拉伸,溶剂挥发,溶质固化成丝,落在接有正压直流电源的铝制接收板上成膜。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种抑菌矾冰纤维膜的制备方法,其特征在于,制备得到的矾冰纤维膜中纤维直径为0.2 μm~1.5 μm。
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