CN111406586A - Green organic vegetable planting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for planting green organic vegetables, which comprises the following steps: selecting a planting place; soil preparation; selecting full organic vegetable seeds without insect pests; uniformly spreading the aired seeds in the grooves, covering a layer of straws, and sprinkling water on the straws for 1-2 times; removing the straws after the seeds emerge, and watering once every 2-3 days; carding the seedlings; watering once every 1-3 days; artificial weeding is adopted; applying the organic fertilizer once every 5-8 days, wherein the fertilizer types are organic fertilizers, including animal excrement and residues, plant retting fertilizers, green fertilizers, plant ashes, cake fertilizers and the like; sulfur and lime are used for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests; and (5) harvesting the vegetables. The method optimizes the fertilization method, the vegetables have high yield, no pesticide is used, and the harm of chemically planted vegetables is reduced; the rice straw is used for covering the seeds, so that a suitable environment is provided for the seeds, and the seedling emergence of the seeds is facilitated; meanwhile, the method has low cost and is convenient for large-scale popularization.

Description

Green organic vegetable planting method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a method for planting green organic vegetables.

Background

The organic vegetables are vegetable products which do not use chemically synthesized pesticides, fertilizers, herbicides, growth regulators and other substances, genetic engineering organisms and products thereof in the production process of the vegetables, follow natural laws and ecological principles, adopt a series of sustainable agricultural technologies, coordinate planting balance, maintain the continuous and stable agricultural ecosystem, are identified and approved by an organic certification authority and issue organic certificates.

With the continuous improvement of living standard and the enhancement of health care consciousness of people, the demand of consumers for pollution-free vegetables is continuously increased, and organic vegetables are gradually on consumption dining tables of some people. The development of organic vegetables has very wide market prospect and better comprehensive benefit. The existing planting method of green organic vegetables is not perfect enough and is easy to suffer from plant diseases and insect pests, so that the yield of the vegetables is not high and the quality of the vegetables is not good.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the technical defects and provide a method for planting green organic vegetables.

In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for planting green organic vegetables comprises the following steps,

(1) selecting a planting place: the planting area is far away from cities and polluted factories, the soil is fertile, the soil texture is moderate in sand viscosity, the soil is close to a water source, and the irrigation and drainage are facilitated;

(2) land preparation: deeply ploughing the land, and then spreading fermented organic fertilizer; then, forming a groove, wherein the length of the groove is 3-4 meters, the width of the groove is 20-30 centimeters, the depth of the groove is 5-10 centimeters, and a buffer zone with the width of 0.5-2 meters is arranged between the organic vegetable land parcel and the conventional land parcel to prepare a pretreatment land;

(3) variety selection: selecting full organic vegetable seeds without insect pests, soaking the seeds in warm water at 35-40 ℃ for 12 hours, then fishing out the soaked seeds, naturally draining, and waiting for sowing;

(4) sowing: uniformly spreading the aired seeds in the grooves, covering a layer of straws, and sprinkling water on the straws for 1-2 times;

(5) uncovering the grass: removing the straws after the seeds emerge;

(6) plant adjustment: combing the seedlings, pulling out the badly-grown seedlings, homogenizing the over-dense seedlings, and transplanting the seedlings to a sparse seedling-lacking place;

(7) watering: watering once every 1-3 days;

(8) weeding: artificial weeding is adopted;

(9) fertilizing: applying the organic fertilizer once every 5-8 days, wherein the fertilizer types are organic fertilizers, including animal excrement and residues, plant retting fertilizers, green fertilizers, plant ashes, cake fertilizers and the like;

(10) pest control, namely sulfur and lime are used for controlling;

(11) and (5) harvesting the vegetables.

Further, in the step (9), the organic fertilizer needs to be subjected to harmless treatment 2 months before application, the fertilizer is wetted by water, stacked and covered with a plastic film to be fully fermented and decomposed, and the temperature in the stack is over 60 ℃ during the fermentation period.

Further, the fertilizing method in the step (9) specifically comprises the following steps:

the fertilizing amount is that the ratio of animal fertilizers to plant fertilizers is 1:1, 3000-4000 kilograms of organic fertilizers are applied to each mu of vegetable field, and 100 kilograms of special organic fertilizers are applied;

applying base fertilizer, namely uniformly mixing the fertilizer into a plough layer by using 80 percent of the total fertilizer amount as the base fertilizer and combining with cultivated land so as to be beneficial to the absorption of root systems;

applying additional fertilizer, namely adopting a mode of spreading and applying additional fertilizer to the vegetables with high planting density and shallow root systems, uniformly spreading the dried fine fertilizer into a vegetable field when the vegetables grow to 3-4 leaves, and watering in time; for the vegetables with large planting row spacing and concentrated root systems, the ditching and strip top application are carried out, the root systems are not damaged during ditching, watering is carried out in time after soil covering is carried out, and for the vegetables with large planting row spacing, a hole opening top application mode is adopted.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method optimizes the fertilization method, the vegetables have high yield, simultaneously, pesticides are not used, the harm of chemically planted vegetables is reduced, the hygienic and safe quality of the vegetables is improved, the hygienic and safe of the vegetables are guaranteed by utilizing the method for planting the vegetables, the yield of the vegetables can be improved, and the income of farmers is increased; the rice straw is used for covering the seeds, so that a suitable environment is provided for the seeds, and the seedling emergence of the seeds is facilitated; meanwhile, the method has low cost and is convenient for large-scale popularization.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example one

A method for planting green organic vegetables comprises the following steps,

(1) selecting a planting place: the planting area is far away from cities and polluted factories, the soil is fertile, the soil texture is moderate in sand viscosity, the soil is close to a water source, and the irrigation and drainage are facilitated;

(2) land preparation: deeply ploughing the land, and then spreading fermented organic fertilizer; then, a groove is formed, the length of the groove is 3 meters, the width of the groove is 20 centimeters, the depth of the groove is 5 centimeters, and a buffer zone with the width of 0.5 meter is arranged between the organic vegetable land parcel and the conventional land parcel to prepare a pretreatment land;

(3) variety selection: selecting full organic vegetable seeds without insect pests, soaking the seeds in warm water at 35 ℃ for 12 hours, then fishing out the soaked seeds, naturally draining, and waiting for sowing;

(4) sowing: uniformly spreading the aired seeds in the grooves, paving a layer of straws, and sprinkling water on the straws for 1 time;

(5) uncovering the grass: removing the straws after the seeds emerge;

(6) plant adjustment: combing the seedlings, pulling out the badly-grown seedlings, homogenizing the over-dense seedlings, and transplanting the seedlings to a sparse seedling-lacking place;

(7) watering: watering once every 1 day;

(8) weeding: artificial weeding is adopted;

(9) fertilizing: applying organic fertilizer once every 5 days, wherein the fertilizer types adopt organic fertilizers, including animal excrement and residues, plant retting fertilizer, green manure, plant ash, cake fertilizer and the like; carrying out harmless treatment on the organic fertilizer 2 months before application, sprinkling water on the fertilizer, mixing with the water, stacking, and covering a plastic film to fully ferment and thoroughly decompose the fertilizer, wherein the temperature in the stack during the fermentation period is more than 60 ℃;

the fertilizing method specifically comprises the following steps:

the fertilizing amount is that the ratio of animal fertilizers to plant fertilizers is 1:1, 3000 kilograms of organic fertilizer is applied to each mu of vegetable field, and 100 kilograms of special organic fertilizer is applied;

applying base fertilizer, namely uniformly mixing the fertilizer into a plough layer by using 80 percent of the total fertilizer amount as the base fertilizer and combining with cultivated land so as to be beneficial to the absorption of root systems;

applying additional fertilizer, namely adopting a mode of spreading and applying additional fertilizer to the vegetables with high planting density and shallow root systems, uniformly spreading the dried fine fertilizer into a vegetable field when the vegetables grow to 3-4 leaves, and watering in time; for the vegetables with large planting row spacing and concentrated root systems, the ditching and strip top application are carried out, the root systems are not damaged during ditching, watering is carried out in time after soil covering is carried out, and for the vegetables with large planting row spacing, a hole opening top application mode is adopted.

(10) Pest control, namely sulfur and lime are used for controlling;

(11) and (5) harvesting the vegetables.

Example two

A method for planting green organic vegetables comprises the following steps,

(1) selecting a planting place: the planting area is far away from cities and polluted factories, the soil is fertile, the soil texture is moderate in sand viscosity, the soil is close to a water source, and the irrigation and drainage are facilitated;

(2) land preparation: deeply ploughing the land, and then spreading fermented organic fertilizer; then, a groove is formed, the length of the groove is 3.5 meters, the width of the groove is 25 centimeters, the depth of the groove is 8 centimeters, and a buffer zone with the width of 1 meter is arranged between the organic vegetable land parcel and the conventional land parcel to prepare a pretreatment land;

(3) variety selection: selecting full organic vegetable seeds without insect pests, soaking the seeds in warm water at 40 ℃ for 12 hours, then fishing out the soaked seeds, naturally draining, and waiting for sowing;

(4) sowing: uniformly spreading the aired seeds in the grooves, paving a layer of straws, and sprinkling water on the straws for 2 times;

(5) uncovering the grass: removing the straws after the seeds emerge;

(6) plant adjustment: combing the seedlings, pulling out the badly-grown seedlings, homogenizing the over-dense seedlings, and transplanting the seedlings to a sparse seedling-lacking place;

(7) watering: watering once every 2 days;

(8) weeding: artificial weeding is adopted;

(9) fertilizing: applying the organic fertilizer once every 6 days, wherein the fertilizer types are organic fertilizers, including animal excrement and residues, plant retting fertilizers, green fertilizers, plant ash, cake fertilizers and the like; carrying out harmless treatment on the organic fertilizer 2 months before application, sprinkling water on the fertilizer, mixing with the water, stacking, and covering a plastic film to fully ferment and thoroughly decompose the fertilizer, wherein the temperature in the stack during the fermentation period is more than 60 ℃;

the fertilizing method specifically comprises the following steps:

fertilizing amount, namely applying 3500 kg of organic fertilizer and 100 kg of special organic fertilizer to each mu of vegetable field at a ratio of 1: 1;

applying base fertilizer, namely uniformly mixing the fertilizer into a plough layer by using 80 percent of the total fertilizer amount as the base fertilizer and combining with cultivated land so as to be beneficial to the absorption of root systems;

applying additional fertilizer, namely adopting a mode of spreading and applying additional fertilizer to the vegetables with high planting density and shallow root systems, uniformly spreading the dried fine fertilizer into a vegetable field when the vegetables grow to 3-4 leaves, and watering in time; for the vegetables with large planting row spacing and concentrated root systems, the ditching and strip top application are carried out, the root systems are not damaged during ditching, watering is carried out in time after soil covering is carried out, and for the vegetables with large planting row spacing, a hole opening top application mode is adopted.

(10) Pest control, namely sulfur and lime are used for controlling;

(11) and (5) harvesting the vegetables.

EXAMPLE III

A method for planting green organic vegetables comprises the following steps,

(1) selecting a planting place: the planting area is far away from cities and polluted factories, the soil is fertile, the soil texture is moderate in sand viscosity, the soil is close to a water source, and the irrigation and drainage are facilitated;

(2) land preparation: deeply ploughing the land, and then spreading fermented organic fertilizer; then, a groove is formed, the length of the groove is 4 meters, the width of the groove is 30 centimeters, the depth of the groove is 10 centimeters, and a buffer zone with the width of 2 meters is arranged between the organic vegetable land parcel and the conventional land parcel to prepare a pretreatment land;

(3) variety selection: selecting full organic vegetable seeds without insect pests, soaking the seeds in warm water at 40 ℃ for 12 hours, then fishing out the soaked seeds, naturally draining, and waiting for sowing;

(4) sowing: uniformly spreading the aired seeds in the grooves, paving a layer of straws, and sprinkling water on the straws for 2 times;

(5) uncovering the grass: removing the straws after the seeds emerge;

(6) plant adjustment: combing the seedlings, pulling out the badly-grown seedlings, homogenizing the over-dense seedlings, and transplanting the seedlings to a sparse seedling-lacking place;

(7) watering: watering every 3 days;

(8) weeding: artificial weeding is adopted;

(9) fertilizing: applying the organic fertilizer once every 8 days, wherein the fertilizer types are organic fertilizers, including animal excrement and residues, plant retting fertilizers, green fertilizers, plant ash, cake fertilizers and the like; carrying out harmless treatment on the organic fertilizer 2 months before application, sprinkling water on the fertilizer, mixing with the water, stacking, and covering a plastic film to fully ferment and thoroughly decompose the fertilizer, wherein the temperature in the stack during the fermentation period is more than 60 ℃;

the fertilizing method specifically comprises the following steps:

the fertilizing amount is that the ratio of animal fertilizers to plant fertilizers is 1:1, 4000 kilograms of organic fertilizers are applied to each mu of vegetable field, and 100 kilograms of special organic fertilizers are applied;

applying base fertilizer, namely uniformly mixing the fertilizer into a plough layer by using 80 percent of the total fertilizer amount as the base fertilizer and combining with cultivated land so as to be beneficial to the absorption of root systems;

applying additional fertilizer, namely adopting a mode of spreading and applying additional fertilizer to the vegetables with high planting density and shallow root systems, uniformly spreading the dried fine fertilizer into a vegetable field when the vegetables grow to 3-4 leaves, and watering in time; for the vegetables with large planting row spacing and concentrated root systems, the ditching and strip top application are carried out, the root systems are not damaged during ditching, watering is carried out in time after soil covering is carried out, and for the vegetables with large planting row spacing, a hole opening top application mode is adopted.

(10) Pest control, namely sulfur and lime are used for controlling;

(11) and (5) harvesting the vegetables.

The present invention and the embodiments thereof have been described above, but the description is not limited to the embodiments, but only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual embodiments are not limited thereto. In conclusion, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (3)

1. A method for planting green organic vegetables is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,

(1) selecting a planting place: the planting area is far away from cities and polluted factories, the soil is fertile, the soil texture is moderate in sand viscosity, the soil is close to a water source, and the irrigation and drainage are facilitated;

(2) land preparation: deeply ploughing the land, and then spreading fermented organic fertilizer; then, forming a groove, wherein the length of the groove is 3-4 meters, the width of the groove is 20-30 centimeters, the depth of the groove is 5-10 centimeters, and a buffer zone with the width of 0.5-2 meters is arranged between the organic vegetable land parcel and the conventional land parcel to prepare a pretreatment land;

(3) variety selection: selecting full organic vegetable seeds without insect pests, soaking the seeds in warm water at 35-40 ℃ for 12 hours, then fishing out the soaked seeds, naturally draining, and waiting for sowing;

(4) sowing: uniformly spreading the aired seeds in the grooves, covering a layer of straws, and sprinkling water on the straws for 1-2 times;

(5) uncovering the grass: removing the straws after the seeds emerge;

(6) plant adjustment: combing the seedlings, pulling out the badly-grown seedlings, homogenizing the over-dense seedlings, and transplanting the seedlings to a sparse seedling-lacking place;

(7) watering: watering once every 1-3 days;

(8) weeding: artificial weeding is adopted;

(9) fertilizing: applying the organic fertilizer once every 5-8 days, wherein the fertilizer types are organic fertilizers, including animal excrement and residues, plant retting fertilizers, green fertilizers, plant ashes, cake fertilizers and the like;

(10) pest control, namely sulfur and lime are used for controlling;

(11) and (5) harvesting the vegetables.

2. The method for planting green organic vegetables according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (9), the organic fertilizer needs to be subjected to harmless treatment 2 months before application, the fertilizer is wetted by water, stacked and covered with a plastic film to be fully fermented and decomposed, and the temperature in the stack during the fermentation period is over 60 ℃.

3. The method for planting green organic vegetables according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the fertilizing method in the step (9) specifically comprises the following steps:

the fertilizing amount is that the ratio of animal fertilizers to plant fertilizers is 1:1, 3000-4000 kilograms of organic fertilizers are applied to each mu of vegetable field, and 100 kilograms of special organic fertilizers are applied;

applying base fertilizer, namely uniformly mixing the fertilizer into a plough layer by using 80 percent of the total fertilizer amount as the base fertilizer and combining with cultivated land so as to be beneficial to the absorption of root systems;

applying additional fertilizer, namely adopting a mode of spreading and applying additional fertilizer to the vegetables with high planting density and shallow root systems, uniformly spreading the dried fine fertilizer into a vegetable field when the vegetables grow to 3-4 leaves, and watering in time; for the vegetables with large planting row spacing and concentrated root systems, the ditching and strip top application are carried out, the root systems are not damaged during ditching, watering is carried out in time after soil covering is carried out, and for the vegetables with large planting row spacing, a hole opening top application mode is adopted.