CN111406583A - Aquatic plant cultivation method for shrimp and crab cultivation - Google Patents
Aquatic plant cultivation method for shrimp and crab cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN111406583A CN111406583A CN201910013826.4A CN201910013826A CN111406583A CN 111406583 A CN111406583 A CN 111406583A CN 201910013826 A CN201910013826 A CN 201910013826A CN 111406583 A CN111406583 A CN 111406583A
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- aquatic weeds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
A method for cultivating aquatic weeds in shrimp and crab cultivation, which relates to the technical field of aquaculture. The method comprises the following technical steps: step one, scientific hybridization; step two, preparing a pond; step three, planting arrangement; step four, sterilizing the pond; step five, scientifically planting; and step six, maintaining the aquatic weeds. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the rich aquatic weeds are cultured in the saline soil pond of the shrimps and the crabs, a solid material foundation and an excellent ecological environment are provided for producing the large-sized shrimps and crabs, the aquatic weeds not only provide places for the concealed molting of the shrimps and the crabs, but also play an important role in purifying water quality, and simultaneously provide plant baits for the shrimps and the crabs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a method for cultivating aquatic plants for shrimp and crab culture.
Background
Shrimps and crabs are another family of arthropods, belonging to the decapod order of crustaceans. The animals are closely related to human beings, and some are main aquaculture or fishing objects, particularly shrimps, lobsters, crabs and the like. The shrimp and crab have quite large yield in the marine fishery captured matter in China, particularly the prawn, the acete chinensis, the portunus trituberculatus and the like, the nutrition is rich, the yield value is very high, and the position is more important. The varieties of shrimps and crabs in China are very many, and about 1000 varieties of shrimps and crabs are found at present through a large amount of research and study, wherein 400 varieties of shrimps are found, and 600 varieties of crabs are found.
Crustaceans such as shrimps and crabs are important aquaculture objects all over the world, and China is a world-wide shrimp and crab breeding kingdom. In 2013, the breeding amount of crustaceans in China reaches 377 ten thousand tons, wherein the yield of eriocheir sinensis reaches 72.99 ten thousand tons, and the yield value is nearly 400 hundred million yuan (compiled by fishery administration of Ministry of agriculture, 2014, the annual book of Chinese fishery statistics, page 30). At present, in the process of culturing shrimps and crabs (such as eriocheir sinensis, macrobrachium nipponensis and procambarus clarkia), waterweeds are indispensable important ecological factors, and high and stable yield is difficult to obtain without waterweeds. For example, in the cultivation process of the eriocheir sinensis, there are such metaphors: the important function of the aquatic weeds in the shrimp and crab culture process is explained by that the aquatic weeds are not good to breed, the key points are that aquatic weeds are in the pool, no aquatic weeds are in the pool, the aquatic weeds are not good to breed, the size of the crabs can be seen, and the quantity of the crabs can be seen.
In view of the importance of culturing aquatic prawns and crabs, an aquatic plant cultivation technology for culturing the shrimps and crabs is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for cultivating aquatic weeds for culturing shrimps and crabs, aiming at overcoming the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the abundant aquatic weeds are cultivated in a saline soil pond of the shrimps and crabs, a solid material foundation and an excellent ecological environment are provided for producing large-size shrimps and crabs, the aquatic weeds not only provide places for hidden molting of the shrimps and crabs but also play an important role in purifying water quality, and meanwhile, plant baits are provided for the shrimps and crabs.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the method comprises the following technical steps:
step one, scientific hybridization: investigating and investigating in advance, and determining the variety of the aquatic weeds to be cultivated, wherein the cultivated aquatic weeds are composite aquatic weeds, and the variety of the aquatic weeds is more than two;
step two, pond preparation: salt pressing and washing are carried out on the pond table surface to be planted, so that the salt content of the soil is greatly reduced;
step three, planting arrangement: reasonably arranging planting area, wherein the row spacing of the planted aquatic weeds is 4 meters, the planting spacing of the aquatic weeds is 3 meters, and channels of 5 meters are reserved in the middle and around the pond where the aquatic weeds are planted;
step four, pond disinfection: disinfecting the pond subjected to the salt washing under the medium pressure in the second step by using a disinfectant to ensure the environment;
step five, scientific planting: after the table top is pressed with salt and washed with salt, replacing the fresh water planting waterweeds, and planting the waterweeds matched in the step one according to the planting area arranged in the step three;
step six, maintenance of aquatic weeds: besides the early fertilization to promote growth, the insect pests are regularly and regularly removed; in high-temperature seasons in summer, the roots of the aquatic weeds are easy to rot due to lack of oxygen at the dense bottoms, water needs to be changed regularly to keep root systems at the bottoms from rotting, otherwise, the water can be spoiled due to rotting of the aquatic weeds; when the aquatic weeds grow excessively, the growth of the aquatic weeds is controlled by using the super-energy control pellets, and special fertilizers for promoting the growth are properly applied according to the growth vigor, so that the coverage area of the aquatic weeds is not more than 60% of the water surface.
The composite aquatic weed is a composite planting of two or more than two selected from the group consisting of hydrilla verticillata, elodea nutans and eel grass.
And planting the hydrilla verticillata by adopting seedlings with roots according to the planting arrangement of the three steps.
And sowing the tape grass seeds with mud according to the planting arrangement of the third step.
And D, cutting the elodea nutans by adopting stem sections according to the planting arrangement in the third step.
The pond preparation comprises the following technical steps:
step one, establishing a relatively perfect water inlet and drainage system for the pond, wherein the bottom position of a drainage ditch outside the pond is reduced by at least 1.5-2m compared with the lowest position of a pond table;
step two, trimming the platform surface of the pond, wherein the height difference cannot exceed 3-8 cm;
after the soil is defrosted, salt pressing and washing are carried out on the pond table surface by fresh water from 2 late ten days to 3 early ten days, and the salt pressing and washing are carried out repeatedly for at least 5 times;
step four, keeping the water layer of more than 15cm for at least 8 days each time, and submerging all upturned soil;
step five, after the current salt washing water is drained at night, next new water is injected in the next morning, and the ground cover is required not to be exposed in the daytime;
step six, the final result of salt pressing and salt washing is qualified when the salt content of 15cm on the surface layer of the soil is reduced to be below 0.20%.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the rich aquatic weeds are cultured in the saline soil pond of the shrimps and the crabs, a solid material foundation and an excellent ecological environment are provided for producing the large-sized shrimps and crabs, the aquatic weeds not only provide places for the concealed molting of the shrimps and the crabs, but also play an important role in purifying water quality, and simultaneously provide plant baits for the shrimps and the crabs.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The technical scheme adopted by the specific implementation mode is as follows: the method comprises the following technical steps:
step one, scientific hybridization: investigating and investigating in advance, and determining the variety of the aquatic weeds to be cultivated, wherein the cultivated aquatic weeds are composite aquatic weeds, and the variety of the aquatic weeds is more than two;
step two, pond preparation: salt pressing and washing are carried out on the pond table surface to be planted, so that the salt content of the soil is greatly reduced;
step three, planting arrangement: reasonably arranging planting area, wherein the row spacing of the planted aquatic weeds is 4 meters, the planting spacing of the aquatic weeds is 3 meters, and channels of 5 meters are reserved in the middle and around the pond where the aquatic weeds are planted;
step four, pond disinfection: disinfecting the pond subjected to the salt washing under the medium pressure in the second step by using a disinfectant to ensure the environment;
step five, scientific planting: after the table top is pressed with salt and washed with salt, replacing the fresh water planting waterweeds, and planting the waterweeds matched in the step one according to the planting area arranged in the step three;
step six, maintenance of aquatic weeds: besides the early fertilization to promote growth, the insect pests are regularly and regularly removed; in high-temperature seasons in summer, the roots of the aquatic weeds are easy to rot due to lack of oxygen at the dense bottoms, water needs to be changed regularly to keep root systems at the bottoms from rotting, otherwise, the water can be spoiled due to rotting of the aquatic weeds; when the aquatic weeds grow excessively, the growth of the aquatic weeds is controlled by using the super-energy control pellets, and special fertilizers for promoting the growth are properly applied according to the growth vigor, so that the coverage area of the aquatic weeds is not more than 60% of the water surface.
The composite aquatic weed is a composite planting of two or more than two selected from the group consisting of hydrilla verticillata, elodea nutans and eel grass. The compound aquatic weed is hydrilla verticillata: elodea nuttallii: tape grass = 2: 1: 1.
and planting the hydrilla verticillata by adopting seedlings with roots according to the planting arrangement of the three steps.
And sowing the tape grass seeds with mud according to the planting arrangement of the third step.
And D, cutting the elodea nutans by adopting stem sections according to the planting arrangement in the third step.
The disinfectant in the fourth step is the disinfection of bleaching powder.
The pond preparation comprises the following technical steps:
step one, establishing a relatively perfect water inlet and drainage system for the pond, wherein the bottom position of a drainage ditch outside the pond is reduced by at least 1.5-2m compared with the lowest position of a pond table;
step two, trimming the platform surface of the pond, wherein the height difference cannot exceed 3-8 cm;
after the soil is defrosted, salt pressing and washing are carried out on the pond table surface by fresh water from 2 late ten days to 3 early ten days, and the salt pressing and washing are carried out repeatedly for at least 5 times;
step four, keeping the water layer of more than 15cm for at least 8 days each time, and submerging all upturned soil;
step five, after the current salt washing water is drained at night, next new water is injected in the next morning, and the ground cover is required not to be exposed in the daytime;
step six, the final result of salt pressing and salt washing is qualified when the salt content of 15cm on the surface layer of the soil is reduced to be below 0.20%.
Example 2
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the mixture ratio of the composite aquatic weed is hydrilla verticillata: elodea alga = 3: 1. other technical method steps are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 3
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the mixture ratio of the composite aquatic weed is hydrilla verticillata: tape grass = 1: 1. other technical method steps are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 4
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the compound waterweed ratio is that the waterweed is: tape grass = 2: 1. other technical method steps are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the rich aquatic weeds are cultured in the saline soil pond of the shrimps and the crabs, a solid material foundation and an excellent ecological environment are provided for producing the large-sized shrimps and crabs, the aquatic weeds not only provide places for the concealed molting of the shrimps and the crabs, but also play an important role in purifying water quality, and simultaneously provide plant baits for the shrimps and the crabs.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A cultivation method of aquatic plants for shrimp and crab cultivation is characterized by comprising the following technical steps:
step one, scientific hybridization: investigating and investigating in advance, and determining the variety of the aquatic weeds to be cultivated, wherein the cultivated aquatic weeds are composite aquatic weeds, and the variety of the aquatic weeds is more than two; the composite aquatic weed is a composite planting of two or more than two selected from the group consisting of hydrilla verticillata, elodea nutans and eel grass;
step two, pond preparation: salt pressing and washing are carried out on the pond table surface to be planted, so that the salt content of the soil is greatly reduced;
step three, planting arrangement: reasonably arranging planting area, wherein the row spacing of the planted aquatic weeds is 4 meters, the planting spacing of the aquatic weeds is 3 meters, and channels of 5 meters are reserved in the middle and around the pond where the aquatic weeds are planted;
step four, pond disinfection: disinfecting the pond subjected to the salt washing under the medium pressure in the second step by using a disinfectant to ensure the environment;
step five, scientific planting: after the table top is pressed with salt and washed with salt, replacing the fresh water planting waterweeds, and planting the waterweeds matched in the step one according to the planting area arranged in the step three;
step six, maintenance of aquatic weeds: besides the early fertilization to promote growth, the insect pests are regularly and regularly removed; in high-temperature seasons in summer, the roots of the aquatic weeds are easy to rot due to lack of oxygen at the dense bottoms, water needs to be changed regularly to keep root systems at the bottoms from rotting, otherwise, the water can be spoiled due to rotting of the aquatic weeds; when the aquatic weeds grow excessively, the growth of the aquatic weeds is controlled by using the super-energy control pellets, and special fertilizers for promoting the growth are properly applied according to the growth vigor, so that the coverage area of the aquatic weeds is not more than 60% of the water surface.
2. The method for cultivating shrimp and crab aquaculture aquatic weeds of claim 1, wherein said pond preparation comprises the following technical steps:
step one, establishing a relatively perfect water inlet and drainage system for the pond, wherein the bottom position of a drainage ditch outside the pond is reduced by at least 1.5-2m compared with the lowest position of a pond table;
step two, trimming the platform surface of the pond, wherein the height difference cannot exceed 3-8 cm;
after the soil is defrosted, salt pressing and washing are carried out on the pond table surface by fresh water from 2 late ten days to 3 early ten days, and the salt pressing and washing are carried out repeatedly for at least 5 times;
step four, keeping the water layer of more than 15cm for at least 8 days each time, and submerging all upturned soil;
step five, after the current salt washing water is drained at night, next new water is injected in the next morning, and the ground cover is required not to be exposed in the daytime;
step six, the final result of salt pressing and salt washing is qualified when the salt content of 15cm on the surface layer of the soil is reduced to be below 0.20%.
3. The method for cultivating the shrimp and crab aquatic weeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and planting the hydrilla verticillata by adopting seedlings with roots according to the planting arrangement of the three steps.
4. The method for cultivating the shrimp and crab aquatic weeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and sowing the tape grass seeds with mud according to the planting arrangement of the third step.
5. The method for cultivating the shrimp and crab aquatic weeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and D, cutting the elodea nutans by adopting stem sections according to the planting arrangement in the third step.
6. The method for cultivating the shrimp and crab aquatic weeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the compound aquatic weed is hydrilla verticillata: elodea nuttallii: tape grass = 2: 1: 1.
7. the method for cultivating the shrimp and crab aquatic weeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the compound aquatic weed is hydrilla verticillata: elodea alga = 3: 1.
8. the method for cultivating the shrimp and crab aquatic weeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the compound aquatic weed is hydrilla verticillata: tape grass = 1: 1.
9. the method for cultivating the shrimp and crab aquatic weeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the compound waterweed is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: tape grass = 2: 1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910013826.4A CN111406583A (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2019-01-08 | Aquatic plant cultivation method for shrimp and crab cultivation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910013826.4A CN111406583A (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2019-01-08 | Aquatic plant cultivation method for shrimp and crab cultivation |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102428887A (en) * | 2011-10-10 | 2012-05-02 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Freshwater shrimp culturing method by comprehensively utilizing float grass and artificial shrimp nest |
| CN105613374A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-01 | 淮阴师范学院 | Male and female river crab separated pond culture method |
| CN106942109A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-07-14 | 铜仁市凯盛水产养殖有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of steamed crab |
| CN107232052A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-10-10 | 东营市恒盛农业科技有限公司 | The method that HUANGHE ESTUARY steamed crab cultivating pool table top based on marine solonchak cultivates pasture and water |
| CN107743834A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-02 | 无为县瑞康特种水产养殖有限公司 | A kind of pond breeding method for detaining crab juvenile crab |
-
2019
- 2019-01-08 CN CN201910013826.4A patent/CN111406583A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102428887A (en) * | 2011-10-10 | 2012-05-02 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Freshwater shrimp culturing method by comprehensively utilizing float grass and artificial shrimp nest |
| CN105613374A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-01 | 淮阴师范学院 | Male and female river crab separated pond culture method |
| CN106942109A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-07-14 | 铜仁市凯盛水产养殖有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of steamed crab |
| CN107232052A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-10-10 | 东营市恒盛农业科技有限公司 | The method that HUANGHE ESTUARY steamed crab cultivating pool table top based on marine solonchak cultivates pasture and water |
| CN107743834A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-02 | 无为县瑞康特种水产养殖有限公司 | A kind of pond breeding method for detaining crab juvenile crab |
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Application publication date: 20200714 |
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