CN111358888B - 一种用于治疗肺纤维化的中药组合物及其制备方法与用途 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗肺纤维化的中药组合物及其制备方法与用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于中药领域,具体涉及一种用于治疗肺纤维化的中药组合物及其制备方法与用途,该中药组合物对于急性、亚急性、慢性、慢性急性发作等各期特发性肺纤维化,均有较好的治疗效果,对特发性肺纤维化的总有效率为86.6%,且治愈后不易复发,无毒副作用,具有广泛的应用价值。本发明制备方法多采用低温水提工艺,主要目的是保护药物中某些受热易被破坏的成分不被高温破坏,保持植物的原始品质、风味和生物活性,同时,水提工艺更加安全、无副作用。同时借助超声提取方法可以高效且充分的提取药物中的有效成分。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药领域,具体涉及一种用于治疗肺纤维化的中药组合物及其制备方法与用途。
背景技术
肺纤维化是以成纤维细胞增殖及大量细胞外基质聚集并伴炎症损伤、组织结构破坏为特征的一大类肺疾病的终末期改变,也就是正常的肺泡组织被损坏后经过异常修复导致结构异常(疤痕形成)。绝大部分肺纤维化病人病因不明(特发性),这组疾病称为特发性间质性肺炎(IIP),是间质性肺病中一大类。而特发性间质性肺炎(IIP)中最常见的以肺纤维化病变为主要表现形式的疾病类型为特发性肺纤维化(IPF),是一种能导致肺功能进行性丧失的严重的间质性肺疾病。肺纤维化严重影响人体呼吸功能,表现为干咳、进行性呼吸困难(自觉气不够用),且随着病情和肺部损伤的加重,患者呼吸功能不断恶化。特发性肺纤维化发病率和死亡率逐年增加,诊断后的平均生存期仅2.8年,死亡率高于大多数肿瘤,被称为一种“类肿瘤疾病”。
据研究,肺纤维化的主要原因是由于毒物、自身免疫疾病、药物副反应、感染、严重的外伤等多种原因引起肺部炎症,肺泡持续性损伤、细胞外基质反复破坏、修复、重建并过度沉积,导致正常肺组织结构改变、功能丧失,即成纤维细胞过度增殖和细胞外基质大量聚集,就会形成肺纤维化。
目前,肺纤维化主要采用抗炎药和/或免疫抑制剂、抗纤维化药物、抗凝血药物、肺移植等措施进行治疗。常用的治疗肺纤维化的药物,包括糖皮质类固醇、环磷酰胺、硝基咪唑硫嘧啶、环孢霉素、霉酚酸酯,以及可以影响胶原形成的秋水仙碱和青霉胺等。
上述治疗肺纤维化的药物存在治疗效果不佳、副作用较大,有停药风险等缺点。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对上述问题,提供一种治疗效果好、副作用小的用于治疗特发性肺纤维化的纯天然的中药组合物,进而提供其制备方法与用途。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:
首先,本发明提供一种用于治疗肺纤维化的中药组合物,所述中药组合物的组分为:冬虫夏草菌粉2-8重量份,西洋参5-18重量份,人参5-15重量份,黄芪6-18重量份,葛根4-16重量份,丹参5-20重量份,红景天4-12重量份,贝母2-14重量份。
进一步地,所述中药组合物的组分为:冬虫夏草菌粉3-5重量份,西洋参10-12重量份,人参6-10重量份,黄芪10-13重量份,葛根12-14重量份,丹参14-16重量份,红景天10-14重量份,贝母4-7重量份。
进一步地,所述中药组合物的组分为:冬虫夏草菌粉4重量份,西洋参11重量份,人参8重量份,黄芪12重量份,葛根14重量份,丹参16重量份,红景天12重量份,贝母5重量份。
进一步地,所述中药组合物的组分为:冬虫夏草菌粉35-85重量份,西洋参提取物5-25重量份,人参提取物5-20重量份,黄芪提取物6-18重量份,葛根提取物4-16重量份,丹参提取物10-20重量份,红景天提取物4-12重量份,贝母提取物2-8重量份;或者
冬虫夏草菌粉45-65重量份,西洋参提取物12-22重量份,人参提取物10-18重量份,黄芪提取物10-17重量份,葛根提取物8-15重量份,丹参提取物12-17重量份,红景天提取物6-12重量份,贝母提取物3-7重量份;或者
冬虫夏草菌粉45-60重量份,西洋参提取物14-20重量份,人参提取物12-16重量份,黄芪提取物13-16重量份,葛根提取物10-14重量份,丹参提取物12-15重量份,红景天提取物8-10重量份,贝母提取物3-6重量份。
优选地,所述中药组合物的组分为冬虫夏草菌粉55重量份,西洋参提取物20重量份,人参提取物15重量份,黄芪提取物16重量份,葛根提取物12重量份,丹参提取物14重量份,红景天提取物9重量份,贝母提取物3重量份。
优选地,本发明中药组合物配方中的各提取物分别由以下方法制备得到:
西洋参提取物:将原药材粉碎,过筛40~80目,以料液比1:25~1:15的比例加入去离子水,在功率为60W条件下超声波提取提取2~3次,每次提取时间为10~20min,收集每次提取液,合并药渣及提取液继续在75℃条件下提取2~2.5h,过滤得提取液,在浓缩温度70~80℃,真空度-0.06~-0.08Mpa条件下浓缩提取液至物料相对密度为1.20~1.25的清膏,干燥粉碎,过筛即得。
人参提取物:将人参切片,按照2:1的比列加入石膏煎液搅拌均匀,待药透汤尽时,取出,在温度为110.2℃条件下灭菌10~15min,然后在50~60℃条件下烘干,粉碎,过筛40~200目即得人参提取物,所述石膏煎液为石膏与水按1:1比列加入,超声30min,过滤,将滤液滤液浓缩至含水量50%即得。用石膏作为料炮制人参,可以抑制人参的燥热之性,防止有的患者出现发热、流鼻血等现象,同时又保留了人参的功效。
黄芪提取物:将干燥黄芪根粉碎,过筛40~80目,以料液比1:18~1:15的比例加入去离子水,加热沸腾提取2~3次,每次提取2小时,合并3次提取液,浓缩蒸发至相对密度为1.15~1.25的浸膏,65~85℃干燥、粉碎,过筛即得。
葛根提取物:将干燥葛根粉碎,过筛40目,以料液比1:25~1:15加入去离子水,在超声波功率为60W条件下提取,提取级数为3次,每次提取时间为20min,合并药渣及提取液继续在75℃条件下提取2~2.5h,过滤得提取液,在浓缩温度70~80℃,真空度-0.06~-0.08Mpa条件下浓缩提取液至物料相对密度为1.20~1.25的清膏,干燥粉碎,过筛即得。
丹参提取物:取丹参原料药,粉碎,过筛40~80目,按照料液比1:25~1:15的比例加入浓度为40%乙醇溶液加热回流提取3次,过滤得提取液,合并3次提取液,减压回收溶液并在60℃下浓缩成相对密度为1.30~1.35的浸膏,用热水洗至洗液无色,65~80℃干燥,粉碎,过筛即得;
红景天提取物:以干燥红景天为原料,粉碎,过筛,以料液比1:15~1:5的比例加入20~30%乙醇溶液,在温度为75~85℃,转速为20~60r/min条件下离心4~8min,取上清液,渣体中按照原过筛重量,以料液比1:4~1:10加入去离子水或0%~10%乙醇溶液,设定温度75%~85%,转速20~60r/min,提取时间4~8min,离心取上清液,合并2次提取上清液,在浓缩温度70~80℃,真空度-0.06~-0.08Mpa条件下,将提取液真空浓缩至物料呈相对密度为1.20~1.28的清膏,干燥,获得含水量低于5%的浸膏粉,即得;
贝母提取物:以干燥贝母为原料,料液比1:25加入75%乙醇溶液浸泡1~2h,75~85℃水浴回流提取2次,每次1~1.5h,过滤得提取液,合并2次提取液,减压回收溶液并在60℃下浓缩成相对密度为1.30~1.35浸膏,用热水洗至洗液无色,80℃干燥,粉碎成细粉,过筛80目,即得。
同时,本发明提供一种所述中药组合物的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)分别取处理后的冬虫夏草菌粉、西洋参、人参、黄芪、葛根、丹参、红景天和贝母原药材,粉碎,过筛80~100目,备用;
(2)按选定重量份称取过筛后的上述原料进行混配,得到混合物;
(3)以混合物与去离子水质量比为1:15~1:7的比例添加去离子水溶解混合物,置于超声波功率为60W的条件下超声20~30min后在温度为70~80℃,真空度为-0.06~-0.08Mpa的条件下浓缩20~30min,待药液浓缩至混合物重量的2~3倍,过滤,分别收集一次煎煮液和一次过滤残渣;
(4)以混合物与去离子水质量比为1:10~1:5的比例在一次过滤残渣中加入去离子水进行溶解,置于超声波功率为60W的条件在超声处理30~45min后在温度为70~80℃,真空度为-0.06~-0.08Mpa条件下浓缩30~45min,待药液浓缩至混合物重量的2~3倍,过滤得二次煎煮液,合并两次煎煮液,即得。
所述中药组合物加入常规辅料,按照常规工艺,制成临床上可接受的汤剂、片剂、胶囊剂、散剂、合剂、丸剂或颗粒剂,所述常规辅料为:稀释剂、填充剂、崩解剂、润滑剂、助悬剂、粘合剂、甜味剂、矫味剂、防腐剂等。
其中,稀释剂包括淀粉、糖粉、糊精、乳糖、可压性淀粉、微晶纤维素、无机盐类、糖醇类等;填充剂包括淀粉、预胶化淀粉、乳糖、甘露醇、甲壳素、微晶纤维素、蔗糖等;崩解剂包括干淀粉、预胶化淀粉、微晶纤维素、羧甲基淀粉钠、交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、低取代羟丙纤维素、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、交联聚维酮等;润滑剂包括硬脂酸镁、微晶硅胶、月桂醇硫酸钠(镁)、十二烷基硫酸钠、滑石粉、二氧化硅等;助悬剂包括聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、微晶纤维素、蔗糖、琼脂、羟丙基甲基纤维素等;粘合剂包括淀粉浆、甲基纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羟丙甲纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、乙基纤维素、聚维酮、明胶、聚乙烯醇、蔗糖、麦芽糖、海藻酸钠、单月桂酸酯、桃胶、泊洛沙姆等;甜味剂包括糖精钠、阿斯帕坦、蔗糖、甜蜜素、甘草次酸等;矫味剂包括甜味剂及各种香精;防腐剂包括尼泊金类、苯甲酸、苯甲酸钠、山梨酸及其盐类、苯扎溴铵、醋酸氯乙定、桉叶油等。
中医认为肺纤维化属于体虚标实之症,主要有以下论点:1)认为肺纤维化符合虚实夹杂及虚实转化的病机演变;2)本虚归属脏器为肺脾肾,以气虚及阴虚为主,晚期伴有阳虚;3)标实指痰浊、瘀血、热毒;4)病势发展,早期痰浊、热毒伤肺为主,中期痰瘀互结,影响肺脾肾功能,形成正虚邪实并见局面,晚期正虚为主,肺脾肾俱虚,累及于心。
本发明认为,肺纤维化本虚主要在于肾,标实则是痰瘀阻于络脉,其治疗上治本应补肾,治标则应活血通络,即可以采用“补肾通络法”治疗肺纤维化。
本发明所述中药组合物是针对肺纤维化气阴两虚、瘀血痰浊、肾虚络塞型研制出的纯中药制剂,体现了“方从法立,以法统方”的原则,而且立法用药也体现了治病求本,兼以治标的中医治疗特色,即可以采用“补肾通络法”治疗肺纤维化。
上述各组分的主要功效为:
西洋参:性凉、味甘、微苦,归心、肺、肾经,补气养阴,清热生津,用于气虚阴亏,内热,咳喘痰血,虚热烦倦,消渴,口燥喉干。
丹参:味苦、微寒,归心、肝经,活血祛瘀,通经止痛,清心除烦,凉血消痈,用于胸痹心痛,脘腹胁痛,症瘕积聚,热痹疼痛,心烦不眠,月经不调,痛经经闭,疮疡肿痛。
葛根:味甘、辛、性凉,归肺、胃经,解肌退热,透疹,生津止渴,升阳止泻,用于表证发热,项背强痛,麻疹不透,热病口渴,阴虚消渴,热泻热痢,脾虚泄泻。
黄芪:味甘、性微温,归脾、肺经,补气升阳,固表止汗,利水消肿,生津养血,行滞通痹,托毒排脓,敛疮生肌,用于气虚乏力,食少便溏,中气下陷,久泻脱肛,便血崩漏,表虚自汗,气虚水肿,内热消渴,血虚萎黄,半身不遂,痹痛麻木,痈疽难溃,久溃不敛。
人参:味甘、微苦,微温,归脾、肺、心、肾经,大补元气,复脉固脱,补脾益肺,生津养血,安神益智。用于体虚欲脱,肢冷脉微,脾虚食少,肺虚咳喘,津伤口渴,内热消渴,气血亏虚,久病虚赢,惊悸失眠,阳痿宫冷。用于臃肿庁毒,瘰疬痰核,蛇虫咬伤,癍瘕痞块。
红景天:甘、苦、平,归肺、心经,益气活血,通脉平喘,用于气虚血瘀,胸痹心痛,中风偏瘫,倦怠气喘。
贝母:性寒、味苦,归肺、心经,具有清热润肺、化痰止咳的功能。用于肺热燥咳、干咳少痰、阴虚劳嗽、咯痰带血等。
冬虫夏草菌粉:性味甘,平或微温,有效成分腺苷、甘露醇、虫草多糖,补肺肾,益精气,用于肺肾两虚引起的咳嗽,气喘,咯血,腰背酸痛,慢性支气管炎、慢性肾功能不全的辅助治疗。现代药理学标明,虫草对结核分支杆菌有明显的抑制作用,同时具有双向调节免疫功能,能增强单核-巨噬细胞的吞噬功能,能促进T-淋巴细胞介导的细胞免疫功能,增强B-淋巴细胞介导的体液免疫功能,对细胞毒药物—环磷酰胺等引起的白细胞减少有桔抗作用,增强心脏输血量和耐缺氧能力,还有抗疲劳的作用。
本发明在中医“补肾通络法”治则的基础上,充分考虑各中药的归经和性味,选用人参、黄芪、西洋参补气,选用冬虫夏草菌粉补肾纳气,选用贝母化痰,选用丹参祛瘀通络,全方补气、补肾、化痰、活血、化瘀、通络,并选择各中药相互之间的配比,形成治疗特发性肺纤维化的中药组合物。
本发明具有如下优点:
本发明用于治疗特发性肺纤维化的中药组合物,是安全逆转纤维化的纯天然生物制剂,各中药按照“君、臣、佐、使”的配伍关系相互配合、共同作用,从而作用于病灶,进而发挥治疗特发性肺纤维化的疗效。临床实验表明,该中药组合物对于急性、亚急性、慢性、慢性急性发作等各期特发性肺纤维化,均有较好的治疗效果,对特发性肺纤维化的总有效率为86.6%,且治愈后不易复发,无毒副作用,具有广泛的应用价值。
本发明涉及的中药组合物的制备方法多采用低温水提工艺,主要目的是保护药物中某些受热易被破坏的成分不被高温破坏,保持植物的原始品质、风味和生物活性,同时,水提工艺更加安全、无副作用。同时借助超声提取方法可以高效且充分的提取药物中的有效成分。
具体实施方式
为使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案,下面结合实施例进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种治疗肺纤维化的中药组合物,具体组分为:冬虫夏草菌粉2重量份,西洋参13重量份,人参6重量份,黄芪14重量份,葛根13重量份,丹参10重量份,红景天9重量份,贝母3重量份。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种治疗肺纤维化的中药组合物,具体组分为:冬虫夏草菌粉3重量份,西洋参12重量份,人参10重量份,黄芪14重量份,葛根16重量份,丹参12重量份,红景天10重量份,贝母10重量份。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种治疗肺纤维化的中药组合物,具体组分为:冬虫夏草菌粉4重量份,西洋参11重量份,人参8重量份,黄芪12重量份,葛根14重量份,丹参16重量份,红景天12重量份,贝母5重量份。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种本发明中药组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取冬虫夏草菌粉,过筛100目,待用;
(2)分别取除杂、清洗、干燥等处理后的西洋参、人参、黄芪、葛根、丹参、红景天和贝母原药材,粉碎,过筛80目,备用;
(3)按照实施例3中各组分重量份称取过筛后的上述原料进行混配,充分混合得到混合物;
(4)以步骤(3)中的混合物与去离子水质量比为1:15的比例添加去离子水溶解混合物,置于超声波功率为60W的条件下超声20min后在温度为70~80℃,真空度为-0.06~-0.08Mpa的条件下浓缩30min,待药液浓缩至混合物重量的3倍,过滤,分别收集一次煎煮液和一次过滤残渣;
(5)以混合物与去离子水质量比为1:10的比例在一次过滤残渣中加入去离子水进行溶解,置于超声波功率为60W的条件在超声处理30min后在温度为70~80℃,真空度为-0.06~-0.08Mpa条件下浓缩30min,待药液浓缩至混合物重量的3倍,过滤得二次煎煮液,合并两次煎煮液,即得。
上述方法制备得到的中药组合物为汤剂,也可以在上述中药组合物加入常规辅料,按照常规工艺,制成临床上可接受的片剂、胶囊剂、散剂、合剂、丸剂或颗粒剂等。
临床病例:
本次临床试验服用的药物为按照实施例3中的配方制成的片剂中药组合物药物。
经过510例临床试用,其中男性260例、女性250例,年龄18~75岁,分为3组,A组236人,其中男性120人,女性116人,年龄18~75岁,以上患者基本为轻症患者,主要表现为有持续性轻微咳嗽,运动后呼吸较困难等;B组173人,其中男性87人,女性86人,年龄18~75岁,以上患者基本为中症患者,主要表现为持续性干咳,免疫力低下,进行性呼吸困难,过量运动后症状明显,有缺氧表现;C组101人,其中男性53人,女性48人,年龄18~75岁,上述患者基本为重症患者,持续干咳,咳嗽声重,即使不运动,也存在呼吸困难情况,缺氧表现明显,活动受限。本发明每天服用1剂,分3次服用,每30日为1个疗程,510例患者时事观察治疗效果,根据病情的轻重和治疗的效果,一般要经过1~3个疗程治疗。
诊断标准:痊愈:症状、体征检查和X线胸片均已恢复正常,痰菌培养阴性;显效:症状、体征检查恢复正常,痰菌培养转阴,X线胸片炎性病变基本吸收;进步:症状和体征有所减轻,X线胸片炎性病变部位有部分吸收;无效:病情无明显改善或有所加重。
结果如下:
表1临床试验结果
治愈 | 显效 | 进步 | 无效 | 有效率 | |
A组 | 92 | 103 | 26 | 15 | 93.6% |
B组 | 54 | 61 | 34 | 24 | 86.1% |
C组 | 18 | 29 | 14 | 40 | 61.4% |
临床研究表明,本发明一种含冬虫夏草菌粉的中药组合物制剂具有明显治疗肺纤维化的作用,通过1~3个疗程的治疗,肺纤维化轻者患者治疗有效率为93.6%,肺纤维化中症患者治疗有效率为86.1%,肺纤维化重症患者治疗有效率为61.4%,同时患者的肺活量明显增加,心脏功能明显好转,身体免疫力所有提高,患者的运动量也明显增强了。
实施例5
本实施例提供一种治疗肺纤维化的中药组合物,具体组分为:所述中药组合物为中药提取物组合,由以下组分按照所示重量份比例范围配制,冬虫夏草菌粉45重量份,西洋参提取物12重量份,人参提取物10重量份,黄芪提取物16重量份,葛根提取物14重量份,丹参提取物15重量份,红景天提取物11重量份,贝母提取物2重量份。
实施例6
本实施例提供一种治疗肺纤维化的中药组合物,具体组分为:所述中药组合物为中药提取物组合,由以下组分按照所示重量份比例范围配制,冬虫夏草菌粉60重量份,西洋参提取物15重量份,人参提取物12重量份,黄芪提取物13重量份,葛根提取物14重量份,丹参提取物14重量份,红景天提取物10重量份,贝母提取物7重量份。
实施例7
本实施例提供一种治疗肺纤维化的中药组合物,具体组分为:所述中药组合物为中药提取物组合,由以下组分按照所示重量份比例范围配制,冬虫夏草菌粉55重量份,西洋参提取物20重量份,人参提取物15重量份,黄芪提取物16重量份,葛根提取物12重量份,丹参提取物14重量份,红景天提取物9重量份,贝母提取物3重量份。
实施例8
本实施例提供一种本发明中药组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1.备料
西洋参提取物:将原药材粉碎,过筛80目,以料液比1:15的比例加入去离子水,在功率为60W条件下超声波提取提取3次,每次提取时间为20min,收集每次提取液,合并药渣及提取液继续在75℃条件下提取2.5h,过滤得提取液,在浓缩温度70~80℃,真空度-0.06~-0.08Mpa条件下浓缩提取液至物料相对密度为1.20~1.25的清膏,干燥粉碎,过筛即得。
人参提取物:将人参切片,按照2:1的比列加入石膏煎液搅拌均匀,待药透汤尽时,取出,在温度为110.2℃条件下灭菌15min,然后在50~60℃条件下烘干,粉碎,过筛80目即得人参提取物,所述石膏煎液为石膏与水按1:1比列加入,超声30min,过滤,将滤液滤液浓缩至含水量50%即得。
黄芪提取物:将干燥黄芪根粉碎,过筛40目,以料液比1:15的比例加入去离子水,加热沸腾提取3次,每次提取2小时,合并3次提取液,浓缩蒸发至相对密度为1.2的浸膏,干燥、粉碎,过筛即得。
葛根提取物:将干燥葛根粉碎,过筛40目,以料液比1:25加入去离子水,在超声波功率为60W条件下提取,提取级数为3次,每次提取时间为20min,合并药渣及提取液继续在75℃条件下提取2.5h,过滤得提取液,在浓缩温度70~80℃,真空度-0.06~-0.08Mpa条件下浓缩提取液至物料相对密度为1.25的清膏,干燥粉碎,过筛即得。
丹参提取物:取丹参原料药,粉碎,过筛40目,按照料液比1:0的比例加入浓度为40%乙醇溶液加热回流提取3次,过滤得提取液,合并3次提取液,减压回收溶液并在60℃下浓缩成相对密度为1.30~1.35的浸膏,用热水洗至洗液无色,80℃干燥,粉碎,过筛即得;
红景天提取物:以干燥红景天为原料,粉碎,过筛,以料液比1:155的比例加入30%乙醇溶液,在温度为75℃,转速60r/min条件下离心8min,取上清液,渣体中按照原过筛重量,以料液比1:10加入去离子水,在温度为85℃,转速40r/min条件下离心8min,取上清液,合并2次提取上清液,在浓缩温度70~80℃,真空度-0.06~-0.08Mpa条件下,将提取液真空浓缩至物料呈相对密度为1.20的清膏,干燥,获得含水量低于5%的浸膏粉,即得;
贝母提取物:以干燥贝母为原料,料液比1:25加入75%乙醇溶液浸泡1~2h,75~85℃水浴回流提取2次,每次1~1.5h,过滤得提取液,合并2次提取液,减压回收溶液并在60℃下浓缩成相对密度为1.30~1.35浸膏,用热水洗至洗液无色,80℃干燥,粉碎成细粉,过筛80目,即得。
2.制备
按照实施例7中所述中药组合物的重量份比例称量各组分,加入常规辅料,按照常规工艺,可制成临床上可接受的片剂、胶囊剂、散剂、合剂、丸剂或颗粒剂等。
临床病例:
本次临床试验服用的药物为按照实施例7中的配方制成的片剂中药组合物药物。经过1000例临床试用,其中男性503例、女性497例,年龄18~75岁,分为3组,A组412人,其中男性207人,女性205人,年龄18~75岁,以上患者基本为轻症患者,主要表现为有持续性轻微咳嗽,运动后呼吸较困难等;B组346人,其中男性174人,女性172人,年龄18~75岁,以上患者基本为中症患者,主要表现为持续性干咳,免疫力低下,进行性呼吸困难,过量运动后症状明显,有缺氧表现;C组242人,其中男性122人,女性120人,年龄18~75岁,上述患者基本为重症患者,持续干咳,咳嗽声重,即使不运动,也存在呼吸困难情况,缺氧表现明显,活动受限。本发明每天服用3次,每次服用4~6片,每30日为1个疗程,1000例患者时事观察治疗效果,根据病情的轻重和治疗的效果,一般要经过1~3个疗程治疗。
诊断标准:痊愈:症状、体征检查和X线胸片均已恢复正常,痰菌培养阴性;显效:症状、体征检查恢复正常,痰菌培养转阴,X线胸片炎性病变基本吸收;进步:症状和体征有所减轻,X线胸片炎性病变部位有部分吸收;无效:病情无明显改善或有所加重。
结果如下:
表2临床试验结果
治愈 | 显效 | 进步 | 无效 | 有效率 | |
A组 | 196 | 135 | 57 | 24 | 94.2% |
B组 | 118 | 146 | 45 | 37 | 89.3% |
C组 | 21 | 65 | 83 | 73 | 69.8% |
临床研究表明,本发明一种含冬虫夏草菌粉的中药组合物制剂具有明显治疗肺纤维化的作用,通过1~3个疗程的治疗,肺纤维化轻者患者治疗有效率为94.2%,肺纤维化中症患者治疗有效率为89.3%,肺纤维化重症患者治疗有效率为69.8%,同时患者的肺活量明显增加,心脏功能明显好转,身体免疫力所有提高,患者的运动量也明显增强了。
本发明一种含冬虫夏草菌粉的中药组合物制剂方便病人按时服用,各组合物成分明显产生了协同增效作用,对于肺纤维化病人有很好的疗效,同时也避免了西医治疗副作用较大以及停药风险等问题。
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式,但是,本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节,在本发明的技术构思范围内,可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种变换,这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是,在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征和步骤,在不矛盾的情况下,可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合,为了避免不必要的重复,本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外,本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合,只要其不违背本发明的思想,其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。
Claims (7)
1.一种用于治疗肺纤维化的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物的组分为:冬虫夏草菌粉2-8重量份,西洋参5-18重量份,人参5-15重量份,黄芪6-18重量份,葛根4-16重量份,丹参5-20重量份,红景天4-12重量份,贝母2-14重量份;
所述中药组合物通过以下方法制备得到:
(1)分别取处理后的冬虫夏草菌粉、西洋参、人参、黄芪、葛根、丹参、红景天和贝母原药材,粉碎,过筛80~100目,备用;
(2)按选定重量份称取过筛后的上述原料进行混配,得到混合物;
(3)以混合物与去离子水质量比为1:15~1:7的比例添加去离子水溶解混合物,置于超声波功率为60W的条件下超声20~30min后进行浓缩,浓缩条件为温度70~80℃,真空度为-0.06~-0.08Mpa,浓缩时间为20~30min,待药液浓缩至混合物重量的2~3倍,过滤,分别收集一次煎煮液和一次过滤残渣;
(4)以混合物与去离子水质量比为1:10~1:5的比例在一次过滤残渣中加入去离子水进行溶解,置于超声波功率为60W的条件在超声处理30~45min后进行浓缩,浓缩温度为70~80℃,真空度为-0.06~-0.08Mpa,浓缩时间30~45min,待药液浓缩至混合物重量的2~3倍,过滤得二次煎煮液,合并两次煎煮液,即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗肺纤维化的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物的组分为:冬虫夏草菌粉3-5重量份,西洋参10-12重量份,人参6-10重量份,黄芪10-13重量份,葛根12-14重量份,丹参14-16重量份,红景天10-14重量份,贝母4-7重量份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种用于治疗肺纤维化的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物的组分为:冬虫夏草菌粉4重量份,西洋参11重量份,人参8重量份,黄芪12重量份,葛根14重量份,丹参16重量份,红景天12重量份,贝母5重量份。
4.一种用于治疗肺纤维化的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物的组分为:冬虫夏草菌粉35-85重量份,西洋参提取物5-25重量份,人参提取物5-20重量份,黄芪提取物6-18重量份,葛根提取物4-16重量份,丹参提取物10-20重量份,红景天提取物4-12重量份,贝母提取物2-8重量份;或者
冬虫夏草菌粉45-65重量份,西洋参提取物12-22重量份,人参提取物10-18重量份,黄芪提取物10-17重量份,葛根提取物8-15重量份,丹参提取物12-17重量份,红景天提取物6-12重量份,贝母提取物3-7重量份;或者
冬虫夏草菌粉45-60重量份,西洋参提取物14-20重量份,人参提取物12-16重量份,黄芪提取物13-16重量份,葛根提取物10-14重量份,丹参提取物12-15重量份,红景天提取物8-10重量份,贝母提取物3-6重量份;
西洋参提取物:将原药材粉碎,过筛,以料液比1:25~1:15的比例加入去离子水,在功率为60W条件下超声波提取提取2~3次,提取时间为10~20min,分别收集每次提取液,合并药渣及提取液继续在75℃条件下提取2~2.5h,过滤得提取液,将提取液浓缩至物料相对密度为1.20~1.25的清膏,干燥粉碎,过筛即得;
人参提取物:将人参切片,按照2:1的比列加入石膏煎液搅拌均匀,待药透汤尽时,取出,在温度为110.2℃条件下灭菌10~15min,然后在50~60℃条件下烘干,粉碎,过筛即得;
黄芪提取物:将干燥黄芪根粉碎,过筛,以料液比1:18~1:15的比例加入去离子水,加热沸腾提取2~3次,每次2小时,合并3次提取液,浓缩蒸发至相对密度为1.15~1.25的浸膏,65~85℃干燥、粉碎,过筛即得;
丹参提取物:取丹参原料药,粉碎,过筛,按照料液比1:25~1:15的比例加入浓度为40%乙醇溶液加热回流提取3次,过滤得提取液,合并3次提取液,减压回收溶液并浓缩成相对密度为1.30~1.35浸膏,用热水洗至洗液无色,65~80℃干燥,粉碎,过筛即得;
红景天提取物:以干燥红景天为原料,粉碎,过筛,以料液比1:15~1:5的比例加入20~30%乙醇溶液,设定温度75%~85%,转速20~60r/min,提取时间4~8min,离心取上清液,渣体中按照原过筛重量,以料液比1:4~1:10加入去离子水或0%~10%乙醇溶液,设定温度75%~85%,转速20~60r/min,提取时间4~8min,离心取上清液,合并2次提取上清液,在浓缩温度70~80℃,真空度-0.06~-0.08Mpa条件下,将提取液真空浓缩至物料呈相对密度为1.20~1.28的清膏,干燥,获得含水量低于5%的浸膏粉,即得;
贝母提取物:以干燥贝母为原料,料液比1:25加入75%乙醇溶液浸泡1~2h,75~85℃水浴回流提取2次,每次1~1.5h,过滤得提取液,合并2次提取液,减压回收溶液并在60℃下浓缩成相对密度为1.30~1.35浸膏,用热水洗至洗液无色,80℃干燥,粉碎成细粉,过筛80目,即得。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于治疗性肺纤维化的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物的组分为:冬虫夏草菌粉55重量份,西洋参提取物20重量份,人参提取物15重量份,黄芪提取物16重量份,葛根提取物12重量份,丹参提取物14重量份,红景天提取物9重量份,贝母提取物3重量份。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的中药组合物,其特征在于:所述中药组合物加入常规辅料,按照常规工艺,制成临床上可接受的汤剂、片剂、胶囊剂、散剂、合剂、丸剂或颗粒剂。
7.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的中药组合物在制备预防或治疗肺纤维化药物中的应用。
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