CN111357908A - 一种提高免疫力的黄芪复合固体饮料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种提高免疫力的黄芪复合固体饮料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及食品技术领域，具体涉及一种提高免疫力的黄芪复合固体饮料的制备方法。由下述重量份的原料制成：黄芪1～2份、枸杞子1～2份、陈皮0.5～1份。本发明黄芪复合固体饮料产品色泽良好，粒径适宜，冲泡之后溶解性良好，口味清爽，无涩味，无不良气味。具有补气健脾、生津养血、滋补肝肾、益精等功效，可有效改善免疫力低下人群体虚乏力、精神不济等症状。此外，该固体饮料生产工艺简单，原料来源广泛、设备要求相对较低，便于大规模工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品技术领域，具体涉及一种提高免疫力的黄芪复合固体饮料的制备方法。
背景技术
随着现代社会高效率、快节奏生活工作压力之下运动时间的减少，越来越多的人群开始出现诸如体虚乏力、频繁感冒、伤口愈合能力差等免疫力低下的相关症状。提高免疫功能，增强人体自身对于外环境改变的适应能力的功能食品具有广阔的市场需求。
中医药学是我国文化的瑰宝，近年来随着中医药的快速发展，越来越多的中药及其复方被验证同时兼备提高免疫的良好效果和较低毒副作用，因此，可选择药食同源的中药为原料，采用先进的加工工艺，并配伍营养成分，研发用于辅助提高免疫力的固体饮料。
黄芪是常用的补益类药材，具有补气升阳、固表止汗、托毒生肌、利水消肿、增强机体免疫力，调节代谢的功能。现代药理研究表明，黄芪具有显著的增强机体免疫力的作用。黄芪主要产于我国北方的甘肃，内蒙，山西，陕西，其中产于山西大同地区的仿野生恒山黄芪是国内公认的优质道地药材，品质得到各界认可。黄芪的保健功能已普遍被大众认可，人们广泛使用黄芪切片配伍其他药材，以热水冲泡的形式使用。但是黄芪属于根类药材，质地紧密，热水冲泡无法将黄芪的有效成分最大程度的溶出，难以发挥最佳效果。
固体饮料体积小、携带方便，易于保存，具有液体饮料无法比拟的优势。相比于速溶粉，颗粒剂固体饮料分散性、附着性、团聚性、吸湿性等明显降低，且制备工艺简单，生产设备要求低，更加适宜大规模生产。目前，市场尚无以黄芪为原料的免疫增强饮料类产品上市，以黄芪配伍其他药食同源中药研发具有提高免疫的固体饮料产品具有广阔的市场需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种以黄芪、枸杞子、陈皮为原料的固体饮料，该饮料产品具有补气健脾、生津养血、滋补肝肾、益精等功效，可有效改善低免疫力人群体虚乏力、精神不济等症状
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用了下列技术方案：
一种提高免疫力的黄芪复合固体饮料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1，称量：按重量份称取药材：黄芪1～2份、枸杞子1～2份、陈皮0.5～1份；
步骤2，提取：将药材混合，每公斤药材加入8～12升水，浸润1～2h,浸提，浸提时间为1～2h；提取两次后合并滤液；
步骤3，浓缩：将合并滤液混匀，于60～70℃浓缩成相对密度为1.15～1.25g/cm3的清膏；
步骤4，干燥：向清膏中加入麦芽糊精作为干燥助剂，比例为每100mL清膏加入麦芽糊精25～40g，混匀，于70～80℃在烘箱中干燥；
步骤5，粉碎：将干燥后的干膏进行粉碎，过100目筛，得到干膏粉；
步骤6，制软材：干膏粉中加入麦芽糊精、甘露醇，比例为每100g干膏粉加入麦芽糊精20～50g，甘露醇5～25g，体积分数为90％的乙醇制软材，制得颗粒；
步骤7，干燥：将制得的颗粒于40～55℃在烘箱中干燥。
进一步，所述步骤1中黄芪为恒山黄芪，所述的黄芪2份、枸杞子2份、陈皮1份。
上述原料中，黄芪在《神农本草经》中被列为上品，味甘微温，具有补气升阳，固表止汗，生津养血，脱毒排脓，敛疮生肌等多种功效，可用于治疗气虚乏力、表虚自汗、血虚萎黄以及久溃不敛；枸杞子，味甘性平，具有滋补肝肾、益精明目的功效，用于虚劳精亏，腰膝酸软，眩晕耳鸣、目暗不明；陈皮，味苦性温，具有理气健脾，燥湿化痰的功效，用于脘腹胀满，咳嗽痰多。
与现有技术相比本发明具有以下优点：
本发明提供的提高免疫力黄芪复合固体饮料，原料均为药食同源中药，产品中采用麦芽糊精代替传统乳糖、淀粉等辅料，含糖量低，适应市场对产品的低糖需求。此外，多糖含量高的中药提取液干燥过程需要大量时间，导致浸膏粉颜色较深，且溶解性较差。在干燥过程中加入麦芽糊精，可有效解决解决浸膏粉色泽深的问题，而且兼具良好的溶解性。
所添加的甘露醇不仅能改善产品口味，且具有利尿、清除自由基等多种生理功能。该产品不仅具有提高免疫力的作用，而且还具有益气生津、养血等功效，适合所有免疫力低下患者饮用，是一种辅助提高免疫、绿色环保的健康饮料。产品色泽良好，粒径适宜，冲泡之后溶解性良好，口味清爽，无涩味，无不良气味。是一种适应市场需求的全新黄芪功能食品。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种提高免疫力的黄芪复合固体饮料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)称量：按重量份称取黄芪2份、枸杞子2份、陈皮1份；
(2)提取：将药材混合，每公斤药材加入10升水，浸润1h,浸提，浸提时间为1.5h；提取两次后合并滤液；
(3)浓缩：将合并滤液混匀，于60℃浓缩成相对密度为1.185g/cm3的清膏；
(4)干燥：向清膏中加入麦芽糊精作为干燥助剂，比例为每100mL清膏加入麦芽糊精30g，混匀，于80℃在烘箱中干燥；
(5)粉碎：将干燥后的干膏进行粉碎，过100目筛，得到干膏粉；
(6)制软材：干膏粉中加入麦芽糊精、甘露醇，比例为每100g干膏粉加入麦芽糊精25g，甘露醇10g，用体积分数为90％的乙醇制软材，制得颗粒；
(7)干燥：将制得的颗粒于50℃在烘箱中干燥；
实施例2
一种提高免疫力的黄芪复合固体饮料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)称量：按重量份称取黄芪2份、枸杞子2份、陈皮1份；
(2)提取：将药材混合，每公斤药材加入10升水，浸润1h,浸提，浸提时间为1.5h；提取两次后合并滤液；
(3)浓缩：将合并滤液混匀，于65℃浓缩成相对密度为1.207g/cm3的清膏；
(4)干燥：向清膏中加入麦芽糊精作为干燥助剂，比例为每100mL清膏加入麦芽糊精25g，混匀，于75℃在烘箱中干燥；
(5)粉碎：将干燥后的干膏进行粉碎，过100目筛，得到干膏粉；
(6)制软材：干膏粉中加入麦芽糊精、甘露醇，比例为每100g干膏粉加入麦芽糊精35g，甘露醇15g，用体积分数为90％的乙醇制软材，制得颗粒；
(7)干燥：将制得的颗粒于45℃在烘箱中干燥；
实施例3
一种提高免疫力的黄芪复合固体饮料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)称量：按重量份称取黄芪2份、枸杞子2份、陈皮1份；
(2)提取：将药材混合，每公斤药材加入10升水，浸润1h,浸提，浸提时间为1.5h；提取两次后合并滤液；
(3)浓缩：将合并滤液混匀，于65℃浓缩成相对密度为1.248g/cm3的清膏；
(4)干燥：向清膏中加入麦芽糊精作为干燥助剂，比例为每100mL清膏加入麦芽糊精40g，混匀，于80℃在烘箱中干燥；
(5)粉碎：将干燥后的干膏进行粉碎，过100目筛，得到干膏粉；
(6)制软材：干膏粉中加入麦芽糊精、甘露醇，比例为每100g干膏粉加入麦芽糊精20g，甘露醇10g，体积分数为90％的乙醇制软材，制得颗粒；
(7)干燥：将制得的颗粒于50℃在烘箱中干燥；
对比例1：80％酒精制软材
(1)称量：按重量份称取黄芪2份、枸杞子2份、陈皮1份；
(2)提取：将药材混合，每公斤药材加入10升水，浸润1h,浸提，浸提时间为1.5h；提取两次后合并滤液；
(3)浓缩：将合并滤液混匀，于60℃浓缩成相对密度为1.185g/cm3的清膏；
(4)干燥：向清膏中加入麦芽糊精作为干燥助剂，比例为每100mL清膏加入麦芽糊精30g，混匀，于80℃在烘箱中干燥；
(5)粉碎：将干燥后的干膏进行粉碎，过100目筛，得到干膏粉；
(6)制软材：干膏粉中加入麦芽糊精、甘露醇，比例为每100g干膏粉加入麦芽糊精25g，甘露醇10g，用体积分数为80％的乙醇制软材，制得颗粒；
(7)干燥：将制得的颗粒于50℃在烘箱中干燥；
对比例2：不加麦芽糊精辅助干燥
(1)称量：按重量份称取黄芪2份、枸杞子2份、陈皮1份；
(2)提取：将药材混合，每公斤药材加入10升水，浸润1h,浸提，浸提时间为1.5h；提取两次后合并滤液；
(3)浓缩：将合并滤液混匀，于60℃浓缩成相对密度为1.185g/cm3的清膏；
(4)干燥：清膏于80℃在烘箱中干燥；
(5)粉碎：将干燥后的干膏进行粉碎，过100目筛，得到干膏粉；
(6)制软材：干膏粉中加入麦芽糊精、甘露醇，比例为每100g干膏粉加入麦芽糊精90g，甘露醇10g，用体积分数为90％的乙醇制软材，制得颗粒；
(7)干燥：将制得的颗粒于50℃在烘箱中干燥；
对比例3：60℃烘干颗粒
(1)称量：按重量份称取黄芪2份、枸杞子2份、陈皮1份；
(2)提取：将药材混合，每公斤药材加入10升水，浸润1h,浸提，浸提时间为1.5h；提取两次后合并滤液；
(3)浓缩：将合并滤液混匀，于60℃浓缩成相对密度为1.185g/cm3的清膏；
(4)干燥：向清膏中加入麦芽糊精作为干燥助剂，比例为每100mL清膏加入麦芽糊精30g，混匀，于80℃在烘箱中干燥；
(5)粉碎：将干燥后的干膏进行粉碎，过100目筛，得到干膏粉；
(6)制软材：干膏粉中加入麦芽糊精、甘露醇，比例为每100g干膏粉加入麦芽糊精25g，甘露醇10g，用体积分数为90％的乙醇制软材，制得颗粒；
(7)干燥：将制得的颗粒于60℃在烘箱中干燥；
实施例4：黄芪复合固体饮料的质量评价
1.溶化性的测定方法：取固体饮料10g，加热水200mL，搅拌5min，立即观察，可溶颗粒应全部溶化或轻微浑浊。
2.溶解时间的测定方法：取固体饮料10g，加入到盛有100mL水的小烧杯中，水温为25℃，用玻璃棒轻轻搅拌，记录完全溶解所需要的时间。
表1黄芪复合固体饮料评价指标表
由表1的数据可知，实施例1～3中所得的颗粒，粒径适宜，色泽良好，无结块现象，总体感观良好，在测定溶化性时，能够快速且全部溶解，测定的溶解时间均小于40s；
对比例1～3所制的颗粒，有结块现象，且色泽偏深，感观不佳，在测定溶化性时，测定的溶解时间均大于50s，说明溶解性较差。
Claims (2)
1.一种提高免疫力的黄芪复合固体饮料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤1，称量：按重量份称取药材：黄芪1～2份、枸杞子1～2份、陈皮0.5～1份；
步骤2，提取：将药材混合，每公斤药材加入8～12升水，浸润1～2h,浸提，浸提时间为1～2h；提取两次后合并滤液；
步骤3，浓缩：将合并滤液混匀，于60～70℃浓缩成相对密度为1.15～1.25g/cm3的清膏；
步骤4，干燥：向清膏中加入麦芽糊精作为干燥助剂，比例为每100mL清膏加入麦芽糊精25～40g，混匀，于70～80℃在烘箱中干燥；
步骤5，粉碎：将干燥后的干膏进行粉碎，过100目筛，得到干膏粉；
步骤6，制软材：干膏粉中加入麦芽糊精、甘露醇，比例为每100g干膏粉加入麦芽糊精20～50g，甘露醇5～25g，用体积分数为90％的乙醇制软材，制得颗粒；
步骤7，干燥：将制得的颗粒于40～55℃在烘箱中干燥。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高免疫力的黄芪复合固体饮料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤1中黄芪为恒山黄芪，所述的黄芪2份、枸杞子2份、陈皮1份。
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