CN111296152A - Foreign soil spray-seeding greening base material and slope ecological protection construction method - Google Patents
Foreign soil spray-seeding greening base material and slope ecological protection construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111296152A CN111296152A CN202010086116.7A CN202010086116A CN111296152A CN 111296152 A CN111296152 A CN 111296152A CN 202010086116 A CN202010086116 A CN 202010086116A CN 111296152 A CN111296152 A CN 111296152A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
- A01G24/46—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form multi-layered
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
Abstract
The invention relates to a foreign soil spray-seeding greening base material and a slope ecological protection construction method, which comprises a base layer matrix, a middle layer matrix and a surface layer matrix, and is characterized in that the base layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 380 parts of planting soil; 210 parts of organic fibers; 70 parts of organic matters; 20 parts of a fertilizer; 95 parts of an adhesive; 22 parts of a water-retaining agent; 30 parts of a soil conditioner; the middle layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 450 parts of planting soil; 200 parts of organic fibers; 300 parts of organic matters; 20 parts of a fertilizer; 40 parts of an adhesive; 32 parts of a water-retaining agent; 13 parts of a soil conditioner; 2 parts of rooting agent; 2 parts of root rot and plant seeds; the surface layer matrix does not contain plant seeds, and the rest is the same as the middle layer matrix. The invention improves the bonding effect and the bonding stability and prolongs the occurrence time of soil erosion such as loose falling of the base material and the like caused by poor bonding effect on the premise of not influencing the air permeability of the base material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ecological protection, and particularly relates to a foreign soil spray-seeding greening base material and a slope ecological protection construction method.
Background
The external soil spray seeding is to uniformly mix soil, organic matters, plant seeds and various additives together according to a certain proportion by using special mechanical equipment, and spray seeding the mixed materials on the surface of a slope to be protected by taking compressed air or high-pressure water flow as a conveying carrier so as to quickly establish a stable plant community, thereby achieving the purposes of protecting the slope and restoring the ecological environment construction and protection of vegetation.
However, the plant fiber of the existing spray-seeding greening base material is usually made of crop straws, and is cut into small sections of 1-3 cm for use, because the diameter of the base material is large, although the air permeability is excessive, the soil erosion is serious after the base material is sprayed, the phenomena of binder failure and loose and falling of the base material can occur in 1-2 months, and the stability of the base material is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a foreign soil spray-seeding greening base material and a slope ecological protection construction method, which have high plant survival rate and good stability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the first technical scheme is as follows:
the utility model provides a foreign soil spray-seeding afforestation substrate, includes stratum basale matrix, intermediate level matrix and the top layer matrix that from the bottom up sprayed in proper order, stratum basale matrix includes the raw materials of following parts by weight: 350-400 parts of planting soil; 180-230 parts of organic fibers; 50-80 parts of organic matters; 10-20 parts of a fertilizer; 80-110 parts of a binder; 15-30 parts of a water-retaining agent; 25-35 parts of a soil conditioner; 0-10 parts of a stabilizer; the water content of the substrate layer matrix is 20-50%, and the pH value is 7.0-7.5;
the middle layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of planting soil; 180-230 parts of organic fibers; 250-330 parts of organic matter; 15-25 parts of a fertilizer; 30-50 parts of a binder; 25-40 parts of a water-retaining agent; 10-15 parts of a soil conditioner; 0-10 parts of a stabilizer; 0-5 parts of rooting agent; 0-5 parts of root rot and plant seeds; the water content of the middle layer substrate is 50-60%, and the pH value is 6.5-7.5; the dosage of the plant seeds is 200-300g per square base material;
the surface layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of planting soil; 180-230 parts of organic fibers; 250-330 parts of organic matter; 15-25 parts of a fertilizer; 30-50 parts of a binder; 25-40 parts of a water-retaining agent; 10-15 parts of a soil conditioner; the surface layer matrix has a water content of 50-60% and a pH of 6.5-7.5.
Further, the alien soil spray-seeding greening base material comprises a base layer matrix, a middle layer matrix and a surface layer matrix, wherein the base layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350-400 parts of planting soil; organic fiber: 180-230 parts of bamboo charcoal fiber; organic matter: 50-80 parts of humus; fertilizer: 5-10 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer; fertilizer: 5-10 parts of ecological organic fertilizer; adhesive: 30-40 parts of emulsified asphalt, 20-30 parts of polyvinyl formal glue and 30-40 parts of portland cement; water-retaining agent: 15-30 parts of 100-mesh acrylamide-acrylate copolymerization cross-linked material; granulating agent: 15-25 parts; the water content of the substrate layer matrix is 30-50%, and the pH value is 7.0-7.5;
the middle layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of planting soil; organic fiber: 180-230 parts of bamboo charcoal fiber; organic matter: 250-330 parts of humus soil; fertilizer: 5-10 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer; fertilizer: 10-15 parts of ecological organic fertilizer; adhesive: 10-15 parts of emulsified asphalt, 10-15 parts of polyvinyl formal glue and 10-20 parts of portland cement; water-retaining agent: 25-40 parts of 100-mesh acrylamide-acrylate copolymerization cross-linked material; 5-10 parts of a granulating agent; 2 parts of rooting agent; 2 parts of root rot and plant seeds; the water content of the middle layer substrate is 50-60%, and the pH value is 6.5-7.5; the dosage of the plant seeds is that the weight of the plant seeds in each square middle layer matrix is 200-300 g;
the surface layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of planting soil; 180-230 parts of organic fibers; 250-330 parts of organic matter; fertilizer: 5-10 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer; fertilizer: 10-15 parts of ecological organic fertilizer; adhesive: 10-15 parts of emulsified asphalt, 10-15 parts of polyvinyl formal glue and 10-20 parts of portland cement; water-retaining agent: 25-40 parts of 100-mesh acrylamide-acrylate copolymerization cross-linked material; 5-10 parts of a granulating agent; the surface layer matrix has a water content of 50-60% and a pH of 6.5-7.5.
Further, the soil conditioner comprises a granulating agent and a pH regulator.
Further, the organic fiber is one or more of grass fiber, straw fiber, branch fiber and bamboo charcoal fiber;
the organic matter comprises one or more of peat soil, humus soil, compost, sawdust, rice husk and manure;
the fertilizer comprises one or more of a long-acting compound fertilizer, an ecological organic fertilizer, a slow-release compound fertilizer and a manure;
the adhesive comprises one or more of emulsified asphalt, high molecular polymer and portland cement, and the dosage of the portland cement is less than or equal to 80kg/m3；
The water-retaining agent is an acrylamide-acrylate copolymerization cross-linked material, and the particle size of the water-retaining agent is 100 meshes.
Furthermore, the plant seeds are subjected to germination accelerating treatment before the matrix is prepared, and spray seeding operation is completed within 1-2 days after the matrix is prepared; the plant seeds comprise one or more of arbor seeds, shrub seeds and herbaceous blanket seeds;
the arbor seeds are selected from one or more of robinia pseudoacacia, paper mulberry, goldenrain tree, wild peach and elm;
the shrub seeds are selected from one or more of honeysuckle, amorpha fruticosa, sea buckthorn, caragana microphylla, fructus forsythiae and spiraea japonica;
the herbaceous ground cover seed is selected from one or more of tall fescue, ryegrass, blue grass, white clover, zoysia, green bristlegrass, bromegrass, boswellia, euonymus fortunei, honeysuckle, campsis grandiflora and humifuse euphorbia herb;
the high molecular polymer is selected from polyvinyl formal glue.
Furthermore, the organic fibers are bamboo charcoal fibers, and the diameters of the bamboo charcoal fibers are 0.05-0.15 mm;
the preparation method of the bamboo charcoal fiber comprises the following steps: firstly, cutting bamboo into strip-shaped bamboo strips along the growth direction of the bamboo, carbonizing for 8 hours by using steam at 250 ℃ under the pressure of 2.2-2.5MPa until the sugar content of the bamboo strips is reduced to be below 3 percent, reducing the bamboo fiber to be below 95 percent and the water content to be below 30 percent to obtain carbonized bamboo strips, mechanically defibrating the carbonized bamboo strips, and drying to obtain the bamboo carbon fiber.
The second technical scheme is as follows:
a side slope ecological protection construction method of a foreign soil spray-seeding greening base material specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, slope cleaning
Removing impurities and loose rock blocks on the working face, and trimming the corners of the slope and the edges of the top of the slope into arcs; ensuring that the average roughness of the construction operation surface is +/-10 cm and the maximum roughness is not more than +/-15 cm; for smooth rock surfaces, transverse grooves are formed at intervals of a certain height;
step 2, arranging a drainage ditch
Arranging drainage ditches at the top of the slope, the foot of the slope and the platform;
step 3, spray seeding
First spraying a base layer matrix having a thickness of about 3/5 a of the entire substrate thickness; after the base layer matrix is stabilized, spraying an intermediate layer matrix, wherein the thickness of the intermediate layer matrix is 1/5 of the thickness of the whole base material; finally, spraying surface substrate to protect the plant seeds, wherein the thickness of the surface substrate is 1/5 of the thickness of the whole substrate;
when spraying, the spraying port is perpendicular to the slope surface;
step 4, coating film
Immediately covering 12-18 g/square meter of non-woven fabrics after the spray-seeding is finished, and overlapping 10-15cm between the adjacent non-woven fabrics;
step 5, maintenance management
Watering and maintaining the plant seeds from the germination to the seedling, keeping the foreign soil matrix wet, and removing the non-woven fabric when the seedling grows to 5-6cm or 2-3 leaves.
Further, when the slope is unstable, slope reinforcement treatment is required before spray seeding, and the concrete operation steps of the slope reinforcement treatment are as follows:
step a, reinforcing the anchor rod
When the slope surface is unstable, adopting a prestressed anchor rod anchor cable for reinforcement treatment; the concrete reinforcing method comprises the following steps:
drilling anchor holes according to the horizontal distance of 2.3m and the down slope distance of 2.5m, then inserting the primary anchor rod and the secondary anchor rod into the corresponding anchor holes, wherein the exposed part of the anchor rods is less than or equal to 9cm, then injecting grouting liquid into the anchor holes, then covering a layer of straws on the grouting liquid for curing, and the curing time is at least 3 days;
the grouting liquid adopts cement mortar or pure cement slurry; the cement mortar has a sand-lime ratio of 1:1-1.2 and a water-cement ratio of 0.45-0.50; the water cement ratio of the pure cement slurry is 0.45-0.50, the cement used by the cement mortar and the pure cement slurry adopts 42.5R Portland cement, and the sand in the cement mortar adopts medium and fine sand with the grain size less than or equal to 3 mm;
step b, hanging net and laying
When the net is hung, the net is unreeled from top to bottom and tensioned, the net is kept smooth with the slope surface, then the net is fixed with a main anchor rod and a secondary anchor rod in sequence, the anchor rods and the net are contacted to be bent at 90-120 degrees, the bent length is 5-8cm, two adjacent rolls of net are respectively bound, connected and fixed by iron wires, and the joint of the two nets is provided with 20cm lap joint; the net is selected from a high-zinc-plated wire net or a high-strength plastic reinforced geonet, and the mesh pitch of the net is 4-8 cm.
Further, in the step 3, the thickness of the whole base material is determined according to the slope of the side slope, and when the slope of the side slope is less than 35 degrees, the thickness of the whole base material is 3-6 cm; when the slope gradient is 35-45 degrees, the thickness of the whole base material is 6-9 cm; when the slope gradient is 45-55 degrees, the thickness of the whole base material is 8-10 cm; when the slope of the side slope is greater than 55 degrees, the thickness of the whole base material is 9-12 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the bamboo charcoal fiber with the diameter of 0.05-0.15 mm is used as the organic fiber, the air permeability of the base material is not influenced due to the natural pore structure of the bamboo charcoal fiber, the surface area of the fiber is greatly increased due to the small diameter of the bamboo charcoal fiber, the contact area of the bamboo charcoal fiber and the binder is increased on the premise of not influencing the air permeability of the base material, the binding effect and the binding stability are improved, and the occurrence time of soil erosion such as loose falling of the base material and the like caused by the poor binding effect is prolonged.
2. According to the invention, the bamboo charcoal fiber is carbonized before defibering, so that the corrosion resistance of the bamboo charcoal fiber is enhanced, and the problems of poor bonding effect, loose base material, falling off and other soil erosion caused by corrosion of organic fiber after spraying the base material are avoided, thereby improving the stability of the base material.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
The utility model provides a foreign soil spray-seeding afforestation substrate, includes stratum basale matrix, intermediate level matrix and the top layer matrix that from the bottom up sprayed in proper order, stratum basale matrix includes the raw materials of following parts by weight: 380 parts of planting soil; organic fiber: 200 parts of bamboo charcoal fiber; organic matter: 65 parts of humus soil; fertilizer: 8 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer; fertilizer: 7 parts of ecological organic fertilizer; adhesive: 35 parts of emulsified asphalt, 25 parts of polyvinyl formal glue and 35 parts of portland cement; water-retaining agent: 22 parts of 100-mesh acrylamide-acrylate copolymerized cross-linked polymer; granulating agent: 20 parts of (1); the water content of the substrate layer matrix is 40-50%, and the pH value is 7.0-7.5;
the middle layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 450 parts of planting soil; organic fiber: 210 parts of bamboo charcoal fiber; organic matter: 300 parts of humus soil; fertilizer: 8 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer; fertilizer: 12 parts of ecological organic fertilizer; adhesive: 12 parts of emulsified asphalt, 13 parts of polyvinyl formal glue and 15 parts of portland cement; water-retaining agent: 32 parts of 100-mesh acrylamide-acrylate copolymerized cross-linked polymer; 8 parts of granulating agent; 2 parts of rooting agent; 2 parts of root rot and 25kg of plant seeds; the water content of the middle layer substrate is 50-60%, and the pH value is 6.5-7.5; the plant seeds adopt robinia pseudoacacia; the dosage of the plant seeds is that the weight of the plant seeds in each square base material is 250 g; the plant seeds are subjected to germination accelerating treatment before matrix preparation, and spray seeding operation is completed within 1-2 days after the matrix preparation is completed;
the surface layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 450 parts of planting soil; 210 parts of organic fibers; 300 parts of organic matters; fertilizer: 8 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer; fertilizer: 12 parts of ecological organic fertilizer; adhesive: 12 parts of emulsified asphalt, 13 parts of polyvinyl formal glue and 15 parts of portland cement; water-retaining agent: 32 parts of 100-mesh acrylamide-acrylate copolymerized cross-linked polymer; 8 parts of granulating agent; the surface layer matrix has a water content of 50-60% and a pH of 6.5-7.5.
The diameter of the bamboo charcoal fiber is 0.05-0.15 mm;
the preparation method of the bamboo charcoal fiber comprises the following steps: firstly, cutting bamboos into strip-shaped bamboo strips along the growth direction of the bamboos, carbonizing for 8 hours by using steam at 250 ℃ under the pressure of 2.2-2.5MPa until the sugar content of the bamboo strips is reduced to be below 3%, reducing the bamboo fiber to be below 95% and the water content to be below 30% to obtain carbonized bamboo strips, mechanically defibrating the carbonized bamboo strips, and drying to obtain the bamboo carbon fiber;
a side slope ecological protection construction method of a foreign soil spray-seeding greening base material specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, slope cleaning
Removing impurities and loose rock blocks on the working face, and trimming the corners of the slope and the edges of the top of the slope into arcs; ensuring that the average roughness of the construction operation surface is +/-10 cm and the maximum roughness is not more than +/-15 cm; for smooth rock surfaces, transverse grooves are formed at intervals of a certain height;
step 2, arranging a drainage ditch
Arranging drainage ditches at the top of the slope, the foot of the slope and the platform;
step 3, spray seeding;
when the slope of the side slope is 40 degrees, the thickness of the whole base material is 8 cm;
first spraying a base layer matrix having a thickness of about 3/5 a of the entire substrate thickness; after the base layer matrix is stabilized, spraying an intermediate layer matrix, wherein the thickness of the intermediate layer matrix is 1/5 of the thickness of the whole base material; finally, spraying surface substrate to protect the plant seeds, wherein the thickness of the surface substrate is 1/5 of the thickness of the whole substrate;
when spraying, the spraying port is perpendicular to the slope surface;
step 4, coating film
Immediately covering 12-18 g/square meter of non-woven fabrics after the spray-seeding is finished, and overlapping 10-15cm between the adjacent non-woven fabrics;
step 5, maintenance management
Watering and maintaining the plant seeds from the germination to the seedling, keeping the foreign soil matrix wet, and removing the non-woven fabric when the seedling grows to 5-6cm or 2-3 leaves.
Example 2
The utility model provides a foreign soil spray-seeding afforestation substrate, includes stratum basale matrix, intermediate level matrix and the top layer matrix that from the bottom up sprayed in proper order, stratum basale matrix includes the raw materials of following parts by weight: 400 parts of planting soil; organic fiber: 230 parts of bamboo charcoal fiber; organic matter: 80 parts of humus soil; fertilizer: 10 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer; fertilizer: 10 parts of ecological organic fertilizer; adhesive: 40 parts of emulsified asphalt, 30 parts of polyvinyl formal glue and 40 parts of portland cement; water-retaining agent: 30 parts of 100-mesh acrylamide-acrylate copolymerized cross-linked polymer; granulating agent: 25 parts of (1); the water content of the substrate layer matrix is 30-50%, and the pH value is 7.0-7.5;
the middle layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 500 parts of planting soil; organic fiber: 230 parts of bamboo charcoal fiber; organic matter: 330 parts of humus soil; fertilizer: 10 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer; fertilizer: 15 parts of ecological organic fertilizer; adhesive: 15 parts of emulsified asphalt, 15 parts of polyvinyl formal glue and 20 parts of portland cement; water-retaining agent: 40 parts of 100-mesh acrylamide-acrylate copolymerized cross-linked material; 10 parts of granulating agent; 2 parts of rooting agent; 2 parts of root rot and plant seeds; the water content of the middle layer substrate is 50-60%, and the pH value is 6.5-7.5; the plant seeds adopt the robinia pseudoacacia, and the dosage of the plant seeds is that the weight of the plant seeds in each square base material is 250 g; the plant seeds are subjected to germination accelerating treatment before matrix preparation, and spray seeding operation is completed within 1-2 days after the matrix preparation is completed;
the surface layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 500 parts of planting soil; 230 parts of organic fiber; 330 parts of organic matter; fertilizer: 10 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer; fertilizer: 15 parts of ecological organic fertilizer; adhesive: 15 parts of emulsified asphalt, 15 parts of polyvinyl formal glue and 20 parts of portland cement; water-retaining agent: 40 parts of 100-mesh acrylamide-acrylate copolymerized cross-linked material; 10 parts of granulating agent; the surface layer matrix has a water content of 50-60% and a pH of 6.5-7.5.
The diameter of the bamboo charcoal fiber is 0.1 mm;
the preparation method of the bamboo charcoal fiber comprises the following steps: the same as in example 1.
A slope ecological protection construction method of a foreign soil spray-seeding greening base material, which is the same as the embodiment 1.
Example 3
The utility model provides a foreign soil spray-seeding afforestation substrate, includes that from the bottom up sprays in proper order including stratum basale matrix, intermediate level matrix and top layer matrix, stratum basale matrix includes the raw materials of following parts by weight: 350 parts of planting soil; organic fiber: 180 parts of bamboo charcoal fiber; organic matter: 50 parts of humus soil; fertilizer: 5 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer; fertilizer: 5 parts of ecological organic fertilizer; adhesive: 30 parts of emulsified asphalt, 20 parts of polyvinyl formal glue and 30 parts of portland cement; water-retaining agent: 15 parts of 100-mesh acrylamide-acrylate copolymerized cross-linked material; granulating agent: 15 parts of (1); the water content of the substrate layer matrix is 30-50%, and the pH value is 7.0-7.5;
the middle layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of planting soil; organic fiber: 180 parts of bamboo charcoal fiber; organic matter: 250 parts of humus soil; fertilizer: 5 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer; fertilizer: 10 parts of ecological organic fertilizer; adhesive: 10 parts of emulsified asphalt, 10 parts of polyvinyl formal glue and 10 parts of portland cement; water-retaining agent: 25 parts of 100-mesh acrylamide-acrylate copolymerized cross-linked material; 5 parts of granulating agent; 2 parts of rooting agent; 2 parts of root rot and 20kg of plant seeds; the water content of the middle layer substrate is 50-60%, and the pH value is 6.5-7.5; the plant seeds adopt the robinia pseudoacacia, and the dosage of the plant seeds is that the weight of the plant seeds in each square base material is 250 g; the plant seeds are subjected to germination accelerating treatment before matrix preparation, and spray seeding operation is completed within 1-2 days after the matrix preparation is completed;
the surface layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of planting soil; 180 parts of organic fiber; 250 parts of organic matters; fertilizer: 5 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer; fertilizer: 10 parts of ecological organic fertilizer; adhesive: 10 parts of emulsified asphalt, 10 parts of polyvinyl formal glue and 10 parts of portland cement; water-retaining agent: 25 parts of 100-mesh acrylamide-acrylate copolymerized cross-linked material; 5 parts of granulating agent; the surface layer matrix has a water content of 50-60% and a pH of 6.5-7.5.
The diameter of the bamboo charcoal fiber is 0.1 mm; the preparation method of the bamboo charcoal fiber comprises the following steps: the same as in example 1.
A slope ecological protection construction method of a foreign soil spray-seeding greening base material, which is the same as the embodiment 1.
Example 4
The utility model provides a foreign soil spray-seeding afforestation substrate, includes stratum basale matrix, intermediate level matrix and the top layer matrix that from the bottom up sprayed in proper order, stratum basale matrix includes the raw materials of following parts by weight: the same as example 1;
the middle layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the same as example 1;
the surface layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the same as in example 1.
The plant seeds adopt robinia pseudoacacia; the plant seeds are subjected to germination accelerating treatment before matrix preparation, and spray seeding operation is completed within 1-2 days after the matrix preparation is completed;
the diameter of the bamboo charcoal fiber is 0.1 mm; the preparation method of the bamboo charcoal fiber comprises the following steps: the same as example 1;
a side slope ecological protection construction method of a foreign soil spray-seeding greening base material specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, slope cleaning
Removing impurities and loose rock blocks on the working face, and trimming the corners of the slope and the edges of the top of the slope into arcs; ensuring that the average roughness of the construction operation surface is +/-10 cm and the maximum roughness is not more than +/-15 cm; for smooth rock surfaces, transverse grooves are formed at intervals of a certain height;
step 2, arranging a drainage ditch
Arranging drainage ditches at the top of the slope, the foot of the slope and the platform;
step 3, slope surface reinforcement;
when the slope is unstable, slope reinforcement treatment is required before spray seeding, and the concrete operation steps of the slope reinforcement treatment are as follows:
step a, reinforcing the anchor rod
When the slope surface is unstable, adopting a prestressed anchor rod anchor cable for reinforcement treatment; the concrete reinforcing method comprises the following steps:
drilling anchor holes according to the horizontal distance of 2.3m and the down slope distance of 2.5m, then inserting the primary anchor rod and the secondary anchor rod into the corresponding anchor holes, wherein the exposed part of the anchor rods is less than or equal to 9cm, then injecting grouting liquid into the anchor holes, then covering a layer of straws on the grouting liquid for curing, and the curing time is at least 3 days;
the grouting liquid adopts cement mortar or pure cement slurry; the cement mortar has a sand-lime ratio of 1 (1-1.2) and a water-cement ratio of 0.45-0.50 (the water-cement ratio is also called as water-cement ratio and refers to the weight ratio of the water consumption in the concrete to the cement consumption, and the water-cement ratio of 0.45-0.50 refers to the weight ratio of the water consumption in the concrete to the cement consumption of 0.45-0.50); the water cement ratio of the pure cement slurry is 0.45-0.50, the cement used by the cement mortar and the pure cement slurry adopts 42.5R Portland cement, and the sand in the cement mortar adopts medium and fine sand with the grain size less than or equal to 3 mm;
step b, hanging net and laying
When the net is hung, the net is unreeled from top to bottom and tensioned, the net is kept smooth with the slope surface, then the net is fixed with a main anchor rod and a secondary anchor rod in sequence, the anchor rods and the net are contacted to be bent at 90-120 degrees, the bent length is 5-8cm, two adjacent rolls of net are respectively bound, connected and fixed by iron wires, and the joint of the two nets is provided with 20cm lap joint; the net is selected from a high-zinc-plated wire net or a high-strength plastic reinforced geonet, and the mesh pitch of the net is 4-8 cm;
step 4, spray seeding;
when the slope of the side slope is 40 degrees, the thickness of the whole base material is 8 cm;
first spraying a base layer matrix having a thickness of about 3/5 a of the entire substrate thickness; after the base layer matrix is stabilized, spraying an intermediate layer matrix, wherein the thickness of the intermediate layer matrix is 1/5 of the thickness of the whole base material; finally, spraying surface substrate to protect the plant seeds, wherein the thickness of the surface substrate is 1/5 of the thickness of the whole substrate;
when spraying, the spraying port is perpendicular to the slope surface;
step 5, coating film
Immediately covering 12-18 g/square meter of non-woven fabrics after the spray-seeding is finished, and overlapping 10-15cm between the adjacent non-woven fabrics;
step 6, maintenance management
Watering and maintaining the plant seeds from the germination to the seedling, keeping the foreign soil matrix wet, and removing the non-woven fabric when the seedling grows to 5-6cm or 2-3 leaves.
Comparative example 1
The utility model provides a foreign soil spray-seeding afforestation substrate, includes stratum basale matrix, intermediate level matrix and the top layer matrix that from the bottom up sprayed in proper order, stratum basale matrix includes the raw materials of following parts by weight: the difference from example 1 is that bamboo charcoal fiber is replaced by bamboo fiber; the diameter of the bamboo fiber is 0.1mm, and the rest is the same as the embodiment 1;
the middle layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the difference from example 1 is that bamboo charcoal fiber is replaced by bamboo fiber; the diameter of the bamboo fiber is 0.1 mm; the rest of the procedure is the same as in example 1;
the surface layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the difference from example 1 is that bamboo charcoal fiber is replaced by bamboo fiber; the diameter of the bamboo fiber is 0.1 mm; the rest is the same as example 1.
The plant seeds adopt robinia pseudoacacia; the plant seeds are subjected to germination accelerating treatment before matrix preparation, and spray seeding operation is completed within 1-2 days after the matrix preparation is completed;
the preparation method of the bamboo fiber comprises the following steps: the diameter of the bamboo fiber is 0.1 mm; the preparation method of the bamboo fiber comprises the following steps: firstly, cutting bamboo into strip-shaped bamboo strips along the growth direction of the bamboo, drying at low temperature until the water content is below 30%, mechanically defibering, and drying to obtain bamboo fibers;
a slope ecological protection construction method of a foreign soil spray-seeding greening base material, which is the same as the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
The utility model provides a foreign soil spray-seeding afforestation substrate, includes stratum basale matrix, intermediate level matrix and the top layer matrix that from the bottom up sprayed in proper order, stratum basale matrix includes the raw materials of following parts by weight: the difference from the embodiment 1 is that bamboo charcoal fiber is replaced by straw fiber; the length of the straw fiber is 1.2cm, and the rest is the same as the embodiment 1;
the middle layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the difference from the embodiment 1 is that bamboo charcoal fiber is replaced by straw fiber; the length of the straw fiber is 1.2cm, and the rest is the same as the embodiment 1;
the surface layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the difference from the embodiment 1 is that bamboo charcoal fiber is replaced by straw fiber; the length of the straw fiber is 1.2cm, and the rest is the same as the embodiment 1;
the plant seeds adopt robinia pseudoacacia; the plant seeds are subjected to germination accelerating treatment before matrix preparation, and spray seeding operation is completed within 1-2 days after the matrix preparation is completed;
the preparation method of the straw fiber comprises the following steps: taking corn straws, and cutting the corn straws into small sections with the length of 1.2cm by adopting a cutter.
A slope ecological protection construction method of a foreign soil spray-seeding greening base material, which is the same as the embodiment 1.
Effect example 1
In the experimental example, the survival rate and the stability of the plants of the alien soil spray-seeding base material and the construction method obtained in each embodiment and each proportion are evaluated by simulating slope detection.
The simulated side slope surface size is 5.0m multiplied by 5.0m, the number is 5, and the side slope angles are all 40 degrees; recording as a simulation slope I, a simulation slope II, a simulation slope III, a simulation slope IV and a simulation slope V; the slope surface is paved by basalt, and a natural hillside is simulated; the simulation slope is placed in the open air, and a corresponding collecting tank is arranged at the slope bottom of each simulation slope and used for collecting soil lost from the slope. Collecting the soil in the collecting tank every 30 days, drying, calculating the mass ratio of the soil to the initial spray-seeding base material, and calculating the survival rate of the plants after 120 days; the results are shown in Table 1;
simulating a first side slope: carrying out ecological protection by adopting the alien soil spray-seeding base material and the construction method in the embodiment 1;
simulating a second side slope: carrying out ecological protection by adopting the alien soil spray-seeding base material and the construction method of the embodiment 2;
simulating a third side slope: carrying out ecological protection by adopting the alien soil spray-seeding base material and the construction method in the embodiment 3;
simulating a side slope four: carrying out ecological protection by adopting the alien soil spray-seeding base material and the construction method of the comparative example 1;
simulating a side slope five: carrying out ecological protection by adopting the alien soil spray-seeding base material and the construction method of the comparative example 2;
the seedling management measures of all the simulated slopes are the same.
Plant survival = (number of plants/number of seeds used after 120 days) × 100%;
the erosion amount of the soil [ (% total amount of base material at initial sowing-total amount of base material at sampling)/total amount of base material at initial sowing ] 100%;
TABLE 1
The embodiments described above are only preferred embodiments of the invention and are not exhaustive of the possible implementations of the invention. Any obvious modifications to the above would be obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art, but would not bring the invention so modified beyond the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The alien soil spray-seeding greening base material is characterized by comprising a base layer matrix, a middle layer matrix and a surface layer matrix which are sprayed and seeded sequentially from bottom to top, and the base layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350-400 parts of planting soil; 180-230 parts of organic fibers; 50-80 parts of organic matters; 10-20 parts of a fertilizer; 80-110 parts of a binder; 15-30 parts of a water-retaining agent; 25-35 parts of a soil conditioner; 0-10 parts of a stabilizer; the water content of the substrate layer matrix is 20-50%, and the pH value is 7.0-7.5;
the middle layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of planting soil; 180-230 parts of organic fibers; 250-330 parts of organic matter; 15-25 parts of a fertilizer; 30-50 parts of a binder; 25-40 parts of a water-retaining agent; 10-15 parts of a soil conditioner; 0-10 parts of a stabilizer; 0-5 parts of rooting agent; 0-5 parts of root rot and plant seeds; the water content of the middle layer substrate is 50-60%, and the pH value is 6.5-7.5; the dosage of the plant seeds is 200-300g per square base material;
the surface layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of planting soil; 180-230 parts of organic fibers; 250-330 parts of organic matter; 15-25 parts of a fertilizer; 30-50 parts of a binder; 25-40 parts of a water-retaining agent; 10-15 parts of a soil conditioner; the surface layer matrix has a water content of 50-60% and a pH of 6.5-7.5.
2. The alien soil spray-seeding greening base material according to claim 1, wherein the base layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350-400 parts of planting soil; organic fiber: 180-230 parts of bamboo charcoal fiber; organic matter: 50-80 parts of humus; fertilizer: 5-10 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer; fertilizer: 5-10 parts of ecological organic fertilizer; adhesive: 30-40 parts of emulsified asphalt, 20-30 parts of polyvinyl formal glue and 30-40 parts of portland cement; water-retaining agent: 15-30 parts of 100-mesh acrylamide-acrylate copolymerization cross-linked material; granulating agent: 15-25 parts; the water content of the substrate layer matrix is 30-50%, and the pH value is 7.0-7.5;
the middle layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of planting soil; organic fiber: 180-230 parts of bamboo charcoal fiber; organic matter: 250-330 parts of humus soil; fertilizer: 5-10 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer; fertilizer: 10-15 parts of ecological organic fertilizer; adhesive: 10-15 parts of emulsified asphalt, 10-15 parts of polyvinyl formal glue and 10-20 parts of portland cement; water-retaining agent: 25-40 parts of 100-mesh acrylamide-acrylate copolymerization cross-linked material; 5-10 parts of a granulating agent; 2 parts of rooting agent; 2 parts of root rot and plant seeds; the water content of the middle layer substrate is 50-60%, and the pH value is 6.5-7.5; the dosage of the plant seeds is that the weight of the plant seeds in each square middle layer matrix is 200-300 g;
the surface layer matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-500 parts of planting soil; 180-230 parts of organic fibers; 250-330 parts of organic matter; fertilizer: 5-10 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer; fertilizer: 10-15 parts of ecological organic fertilizer; adhesive: 10-15 parts of emulsified asphalt, 10-15 parts of polyvinyl formal glue and 10-20 parts of portland cement; water-retaining agent: 25-40 parts of 100-mesh acrylamide-acrylate copolymerization cross-linked material; 5-10 parts of a granulating agent; the surface layer matrix has a water content of 50-60% and a pH of 6.5-7.5.
3. The substrate for spraying and greening foreign soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil conditioner comprises a granulating agent and a pH regulator.
4. The alien soil spray-seeding greening substrate according to claim 1, wherein the organic fiber is one or more of grass fiber, straw fiber, branch fiber and bamboo charcoal fiber;
the organic matter comprises one or more of peat soil, humus soil, compost, sawdust, rice husk and manure;
the fertilizer comprises one or more of a long-acting compound fertilizer, an ecological organic fertilizer, a slow-release compound fertilizer and a manure;
the adhesive comprises one or more of emulsified asphalt, high molecular polymer and portland cement, and the dosage of the portland cement is less than or equal to 80kg/m3；
The water-retaining agent is an acrylamide-acrylate copolymerization cross-linked material, and the particle size of the water-retaining agent is 100 meshes.
5. The substrate for spraying and greening foreign soil as claimed in claim 4, wherein the plant seeds are subjected to germination accelerating treatment before the substrate is prepared, and spraying operation is completed within 1-2 days after the substrate is prepared; the plant seeds comprise one or more of arbor seeds, shrub seeds and herbaceous blanket seeds;
the arbor seeds are selected from one or more of robinia pseudoacacia, paper mulberry, goldenrain tree, wild peach and elm;
the shrub seeds are selected from one or more of honeysuckle, amorpha fruticosa, sea buckthorn, caragana microphylla, fructus forsythiae and spiraea japonica;
the herbaceous ground cover seed is selected from one or more of tall fescue, ryegrass, blue grass, white clover, zoysia, green bristlegrass, bromegrass, boswellia, euonymus fortunei, honeysuckle, campsis grandiflora and humifuse euphorbia herb;
the high molecular polymer is selected from polyvinyl formal glue.
6. The substrate for spraying and planting the greening soil as claimed in claim 4, wherein the organic fibers are bamboo charcoal fibers, and the diameters of the bamboo charcoal fibers are 0.05-0.15 mm;
the preparation method of the bamboo charcoal fiber comprises the following steps: firstly, cutting bamboo into strip-shaped bamboo strips along the growth direction of the bamboo, carbonizing for 8 hours by using steam at 250 ℃ under the pressure of 2.2-2.5MPa until the sugar content of the bamboo strips is reduced to be below 3 percent, reducing the bamboo fiber to be below 95 percent and the water content to be below 30 percent to obtain carbonized bamboo strips, mechanically defibrating the carbonized bamboo strips, and drying to obtain the bamboo carbon fiber.
7. A side slope ecological protection construction method of a foreign soil spray-seeding greening base material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, slope cleaning
Removing impurities and loose rock blocks on the working face, and trimming the corners of the slope and the edges of the top of the slope into arcs; ensuring that the average roughness of the construction operation surface is +/-10 cm and the maximum roughness is not more than +/-15 cm; for smooth rock surfaces, transverse grooves are formed at intervals of a certain height;
step 2, arranging a drainage ditch
Arranging drainage ditches at the top of the slope, the foot of the slope and the platform;
step 3, spray seeding
First spraying a base layer matrix having a thickness of about 3/5 a of the entire substrate thickness; after the base layer matrix is stabilized, spraying an intermediate layer matrix, wherein the thickness of the intermediate layer matrix is 1/5 of the thickness of the whole base material; finally, spraying surface substrate to protect the plant seeds, wherein the thickness of the surface substrate is 1/5 of the thickness of the whole substrate;
when spraying, the spraying port is perpendicular to the slope surface;
step 4, coating film
Immediately covering 12-18 g/square meter of non-woven fabrics after the spray-seeding is finished, and overlapping 10-15cm between the adjacent non-woven fabrics;
step 5, maintenance management
Watering and maintaining the plant seeds from the germination to the seedling, keeping the foreign soil matrix wet, and removing the non-woven fabric when the seedling grows to 5-6cm or 2-3 leaves.
8. The slope ecological protection construction method of the alien soil spray-seeding greening base material according to claim 7, characterized in that when the slope is unstable, slope reinforcement treatment is required before spray-seeding, and the concrete operation steps of the slope reinforcement treatment are as follows:
step a, reinforcing the anchor rod
When the slope surface is unstable, adopting a prestressed anchor rod anchor cable for reinforcement treatment; the concrete reinforcing method comprises the following steps:
drilling anchor holes according to the horizontal distance of 2.3m and the down slope distance of 2.5m, then inserting the primary anchor rod and the secondary anchor rod into the corresponding anchor holes, wherein the exposed part of the anchor rods is less than or equal to 9cm, then injecting grouting liquid into the anchor holes, then covering a layer of straws on the grouting liquid for curing, and the curing time is at least 3 days;
the grouting liquid adopts cement mortar or pure cement slurry; the cement mortar has a sand-lime ratio of 1:1-1.2 and a water-cement ratio of 0.45-0.50; the water cement ratio of the pure cement slurry is 0.45-0.50, the cement used by the cement mortar and the pure cement slurry adopts 42.5R Portland cement, and the sand in the cement mortar adopts medium and fine sand with the grain size less than or equal to 3 mm;
step b, hanging net and laying
When the net is hung, the net is unreeled from top to bottom and tensioned, the net is kept smooth with the slope surface, then the net is fixed with a main anchor rod and a secondary anchor rod in sequence, the anchor rods and the net are contacted to be bent at 90-120 degrees, the bent length is 5-8cm, two adjacent rolls of net are respectively bound, connected and fixed by iron wires, and the joint of the two nets is provided with 20cm lap joint; the net is selected from a high-zinc-plated wire net or a high-strength plastic reinforced geonet, and the mesh pitch of the net is 4-8 cm.
9. The method for constructing slope ecology protection by spraying and planting alien soil onto a green substrate according to claim 7,
step 3, during spraying, the thickness of the whole base material is determined according to the gradient of the side slope, and when the gradient of the side slope is less than 35 degrees, the thickness of the whole base material is 3-6 cm; when the slope gradient is 35-45 degrees, the thickness of the whole base material is 6-9 cm; when the slope gradient is 45-55 degrees, the thickness of the whole base material is 8-10 cm; when the slope of the side slope is greater than 55 degrees, the thickness of the whole base material is 9-12 cm.
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| CN114303768A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-04-12 | 四川大学 | Planting substrate for recovering vegetation in slag field and vegetation recovery construction method thereof |
| CN114467403A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-05-13 | 中节能大地环境修复有限公司 | Mountain greening method for quarry |
| CN114521438A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-24 | 内蒙古和润环境工程有限公司 | Method for ecological maintenance of high and steep slope rock mass by utilizing FP member and thick-layer base material spray-seeding combined process |
| CN114521438B (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2023-03-03 | 内蒙古和润环境工程有限公司 | Method for ecological maintenance of high and steep slope rock mass by utilizing FP member and thick-layer base material spray-seeding combined process |
| CN114617044A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-06-14 | 云南金晖建设工程有限公司 | Slope greening spray-seeding matrix and spray-seeding method |
| CN115053784A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-09-16 | 三峡大学 | Spray seeding material and use method thereof |
| CN115053784B (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2024-01-23 | 三峡大学 | Spray seeding material and application method thereof |
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