CN107268645A - A kind of construction method of alien earth sparging base material and Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope - Google Patents
A kind of construction method of alien earth sparging base material and Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN107268645A CN107268645A CN201710703095.7A CN201710703095A CN107268645A CN 107268645 A CN107268645 A CN 107268645A CN 201710703095 A CN201710703095 A CN 201710703095A CN 107268645 A CN107268645 A CN 107268645A
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- base material
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- soil
- alien earth
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Abstract
The present invention relates to the construction method of a kind of alien earth sparging base material and Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope, the alien earth sparging base material includes domatic base material and plants raw base material, and domatic base material includes the component of water and following parts by weight：100 parts of planting soil, 90 110 parts of string, 1.0 1.5 parts of modification liquid of black liquid concentration, 2.0 4.0 parts of organic fertilizer；Planting raw base material includes the component of water, vegetable seeds and following parts by weight：50 parts of planting soil, 50 parts of peat soil, 45 55 parts of string, 0.5 0.8 parts of modification liquid of black liquid concentration, 1.0 2.0 parts of organic fertilizer.The alien earth sparging base material of the present invention, with suitable crumb structure, porosity, pH value and long-acting water conservation, moisture holding capacity, grown for side slope vegetation and the environment suitably stablized and fertilizer efficiency are provided, and in domatic adhesion-tight, turnover rate is low, it is used for a long time not hardened, it is adaptable to slope of highway stone matter or the domatic ecological protection of pan soil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope technical field, and in particular to a kind of for Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope
Alien earth sparging base material, also relates to a kind of construction method of the Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope using the alien earth sparging base material.
Background technology
In recent years, the infrastructure of China is just like a raging fire, and especially highway construction achieves remarkable achievement.But
Be, during highway construction, it is contemplated that the factor such as route addressing, economic benefit, social benefit, most sections be frequently necessary into
Row high embankment is constructed, and this upsets soil texture, destruction vegetation, along with cutting into a mountain for quarrying, fetching earth on a large scale, causes highway side
Slope soil property or rock is exposed and the accumulation of substantial amounts of roach waste, to along around ecological environment cause serious destruction, plus
Acute soil erosion, easily causes the geological disasters such as landslide, mud-rock flow, not only easily blocking traffic, can also threaten the life of people
Property safety.
Traditional highway slope protection method is usually based on the hard materials such as cement, building stones, concrete, with safety, economy
For index, strengthen the stability of side slope, prevent rainfall infiltration from corroding and slope wash destruction.Such as casting concrete bulkhead tech,
It is domatic to be completely covered by the concrete although disclosure satisfy that the requirement of certain durability and intensity, cause be in after highway slope protection
Now dusky, bare is a piece of, and extremely uncoordinated with surrounding environment, not only unsightly, and erosion is infiltrated in lasting heavy showers
This protection failure is easily set to cause geological disaster；And single greening protection had both lacked the soil basis of plant growth,
The protection effect of highway slope stability is have ignored again.
Alien earth sparging is a kind of new technology of the anti-ecological protection of side slope, is a kind of basis by plant growth, such as soil with
Organic matter, binding agent, water-loss reducer, fertilizer, acid-base modifier and seed etc. are mixed according to a certain percentage, uniform through mechanical agitation
Afterwards, sowed using removed-earth jet sowing machine because the reasons such as construction are destroyed on the rock slope of original vegetation, form plant growth
Soil horizon, germination, grows into after vegetable layer, and side slope plays a part of afforesting and protected.The general pin of Seed spraying technology
To be not suitable for plant growth stabilization rock side-slope, pan soil side slope and special soils side slope, its substantial technological is artificially
The soil horizon for being adapted to plant growth is created, is that basic condition is created in colonization, the growth of plant, to realize the greening of bare side sloping.
The technology has certain protection effect, is a kind of flexible, shallow-layer bank protection, and its slope protection mechanism is removed by the anchor pole in engineering
With linked network it is closely coupled make superficial layer side slope and plant raw base material it is stable outside, be also embodied by：The phytobiocoenose formed in side slope passes through
The effect such as On Rainfall Interception, interception of plant leaf system reduces rainwater and domatic impact and sputter is acted on, while slowing down the stream of rainwater
Speed, directly reduces rainwater and domatic souring；Rock slope is isolated from the outside by base material of sowing grass seeds by duster, and effectively slows down and inhibits
Weathering Zones of Igneous Rock and obscission under effect of natural environment.
It is exactly base material of sowing grass seeds by duster that Seed spraying technology is topmost, and component has soil, organic matter, fertilizer, water-loss reducer, viscous
Agent, water and vegetable seeds are tied, modifying agent, pH adjusting agent etc. can be also added into as needed, but existing alien earth sparging base material
Generally use Portland cement, although base material and domatic cohesive force can be improved, but cement can cause base material basicity
Increase, pH value is too high, produces burn seedlings and burns root phenomenon, is unfavorable for the growth of plant；Existing water-loss reducer, soil conditioner are (as rolled into a ball
Granula) and fertilizer etc. also generally use chemical reagent, not only cost is high, easily with rain water runoff, and extensive prolonged
Using can not can be also vegetation life on barren bare rock or pan soil surface so that base material produces hardened phenomenon after sowing grass seeds by duster
It is long that good basic condition is provided.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of alien earth sparging base material for Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope using above-mentioned alien earth sparging base material
Construction method.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of alien earth sparging base material, including domatic base material and the raw base material of plant, the domatic base material include water and following weight
The component of number：100 parts of planting soil, 90-110 parts of string, 1.0-1.5 parts of modification liquid of black liquid concentration, organic fertilizer
2.0-4.0 parts, the consumption of water causes the moisture content of domatic base material to be 40%-45%；
The life base material of planting includes the component of water, vegetable seeds and following parts by weight：50 parts of planting soil, peat soil 50
Part, 45-55 parts of string, 0.5-0.8 parts of modification liquid of black liquid concentration, 1.0-2.0 parts of organic fertilizer, the consumption of water to plant
The moisture content of raw base material is 45%-50%, and it is 35-45g/m that the consumption of vegetable seeds, which meets seed surface density after alien earth sparging,2。
The planting soil is construction ground ground surface soil or neighbouring agricultural land soil.
The black liquid concentration modification liquid is prepared by following methods：Black liquid is concentrated by evaporation to solid content and is
Air or CO are passed through in 20%-25%, whipping process2Gas is aerated, until after the near 7.0-7.5 of system pH, evaporation
Solid content is concentrated into for 40%-45%, is produced.The black liquor that the preferred straw pulp paper making process of black liquid is produced.
The organic fertilizer is prepared by following methods：Agricultural crop straw is cut into the segment that length is 1-3cm, natural pond is sprayed
Liquid, makes stalk water content reach 60%-70%, EM bacteria agent is added afterwards, after being well mixed, and carries out compost maturity, produces.The EM
The consumption of microbial inoculum is：EM bacteria agent 2.0-2.5kg is added per 100kg agricultural crop straws.
The biogas slurry is, as raw material, to be detested using organic substance such as ox, pig, chicken, rabbit excrement in methane-generating pit through long-time constant temperature
Aerobe fermentation produces biogas (being used to generate electricity), the bright liquid of the brown remained.
When preparing organic fertilizer, typically bank up and start within 3-5 days fermentation, high temperature fermentation period is entered after 1 month, now turning 1
It is secondary, outer layer stalk is ploughed under into centre and moisture is supplied (water content is maintained at 60%-70%)；Bank up 2-3 and reach for individual month and become thoroughly decomposed.
The string is that the mass ratio of agricultural crop straw and sawdust is 1:1 mixture.
The agricultural crop straw is any one in wheat stalk, rice straw or combination.
The vegetable seeds is that the mass ratio of herbaceous plant and shrub seedses is (3-7):The mixture of (3-7).Its medium-height grass
This plant may be selected Bermuda grass, Festuca Arundinacea, paspalum notatum, rye grass, sainfoin, buffalograss, Korea lawn grass, alfalfa, green bristlegrass,
At least two in Trifolium repense.Shrub may be selected mountain green soy bean, aalii, spend more in lily magnolia, shrub lespedeza, false indigo, Cassia at least
It is a kind of.
A kind of construction method of Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope using above-mentioned alien earth sparging base material, comprises the following steps：
1) the domatic cleaning of slope of highway：Domatic danger stone, float stone and surface dust are removed, depression and crack is filled up, it is smooth domatic；
2) Bower Anchor bar is installed：Drilled anchor hole according to level interval 2.0m, along slope spacing 2.0m, eyelet direction is hung down with domatic
Directly, the slip casting in eyelet, Bower Anchor bar is inserted and overflows and hardens to slurries in anchor hole；
3) linked network is constructed：Linked network is unreeled from top to bottom and is fixedly connected between laying, adjacent two net with tie wire, is joined
Locate the overlapping of at least 10cm, linked network is fixed with Bower Anchor bar colligation；
4) time anchor pole is installed：According to level interval 1.0m, along slope spacing 1.0m, the interpolation time anchor between adjacent main anchor pole
Bar, is fixed on highway sideway domatic by linked network；
5) alien earth sparging：By the domatic watering wetting of slope of highway, 3 implementation is divided to sow grass seeds by duster from top to bottom using spray seeder, the 1st
Secondary domatic base material of sowing grass seeds by duster, forms the domatic layer that thickness is 6-8cm；Second of spraying and sowing plant growth base material, forms the plant that thickness is 2-4cm
Generating layer；3rd overburden soil of sowing grass seeds by duster, forms the coating that thickness is 1-2cm；
6) maintenance management：Non-woven fabrics is capped in cover surface, watering maintenance throws off nothing when plantling length is to 6-8cm
Spin cloth.
Step 3) in, the linked network is plastic three-dimensional net or galvanized wire mesh, and linked network is 6-8cm away from domatic distance.
A diameter of 16-20mm of the Bower Anchor bar, length is 1.0-1.5m；A diameter of 10-14mm of described anchor pole, it is long
Spend for 0.5-0.8m.
Step 5) in, the overburden soil is made up of the component of water and following parts by weight：100 parts of planting soil, string 90-
110 parts, black liquid 1.0-1.5 parts of modification liquid of concentration；The consumption of water causes the moisture content of domatic base material to be 40%-45%.I.e.
Domatic base material is not added with organic fertilizer in the preparation, and gained is that can be used as overburden soil.
Step 6) in, the surface density of the non-woven fabrics is 12-14g/m2。
The alien earth sparging base material of the present invention, binding agent, water-loss reducer and soil group are used as using black liquid concentration modification liquid
Granula, the toughness after being concentrated using black liquid, the material that makes to sow grass seeds by duster mutually is closely joined together under its effect, forms one
Determine the layer of sowing grass seeds by duster of thickness, and be bonded together with side slope surface without loss of gliding, strengthen the stability of slope of highway；Papermaking is black
Liquid is acidified modified, and it is controllable that pH value is adjustable, can improve the pH value of soil, using and contained fibrous matter and lignin into
Point, soil granular structure can be improved, the water stability soil texture that most of agglomerate particle size is 1-10mm is formed, reduce soil and hold
Weight, increases porosity, forms the aggregate of bulky grain, is conducive to the growth of plant；Lignin is that hydrophily organic polymer gathers
Compound, with good water retention property, can improve the water conservation moisture holding capacity of soil.The present invention concentrates modification liquid using black liquid
Instead of the binding agent in alien earth sparging base material, water-loss reducer and soil granular agent, on the one hand turn waste into wealth, be the resource of black liquid
Change application to provide in a kind of new approach, another aspect black liquid containing substantial amounts of containing substantial amounts of fibrous matter, in composition
Containing substantial amounts of lignin, also containing compositions such as undegradable hemicellulose, sugar and inorganic salts, lignin is that soil is rotten in itself
The precursor of matter is grown, agron is eventually converted into the presence of edaphon, the soil texture can be effectively improved, is one
The polymer in long-acting soil conditioner, black liquid concentration modification liquid is planted per se with hydroxyl isoreactivity base
Group, can regulate and control the slow release of Trace Elements in Soil, and its inorganic salts ingredients can be provided for plant growth it is micro- with
Nutrient, and this part nutrient and element are difficult with rain water runoff, can long run supply.
In the alien earth sparging base material of the present invention, organic fertilizer is microbial fermentation fertilizer, is mixed into base material of sowing grass seeds by duster, and improves side
Organic nutrient substance and the barren state of microorganism, suitable environment is provided for plant growth in slope substrate and soil.Organic fertilizer
Carry out also containing substantial amounts of fibrous matter in compost maturity, agricultural crop straw by raw material of agricultural crop straw, except that can be soil
Layer is provided outside fertilizer efficiency, nutrient and microorganism, moreover it is possible to is strengthened its adhesion strength and reunion performance, is also to turn waste into wealth, economize on resources.
Reduce a kind of new way of cost.
The alien earth sparging base material of the present invention, including domatic base material and the raw base material of plant, domatic base material is free of vegetable seeds, is true
The carrier that vegetable seeds grows, root system develops is protected, concentrating modification liquid using larger amount of black liquid is used as binding agent, guarantor
Aqua and soil granular agent, enable domatic layer be firmly bonded to slope of highway it is domatic on be lost in without sliding, and have domatic layer
There is good crumb structure and porosity, be adapted to the development growth of root system of plant；Plant raw base material and contain vegetable seeds, be plant hair
Bud and the key survived, the crumb structure of soil is improved containing a small amount of black liquid concentration modification liquid, prevent vegetable seeds or
Tender shoots is with rain water runoff, and organic fertilizer provides long-acting fertility and microbial environment for growth and development of plants.The soil moved in improve the original spray of the present invention
Base material is broadcast, with suitable crumb structure, porosity, pH value and long-acting water conservation, moisture holding capacity, is provided for side slope vegetation growth
Suitably stable environment and fertilizer efficiency, and in domatic adhesion-tight, turnover rate is low, long-term use is not hardened, is suitable for highway side
Slope stone matter or the domatic ecological protection of pan soil.
The construction method of the Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope of the above-mentioned alien earth sparging base material of use of the present invention, passes through primary and secondary anchor pole
Fixation, linked network is fixedly secured in side slope, the alien earth sparging base material for being sowed grass seeds by duster in linked network above-mentioned is significantly increased
The resistance that soil horizon glides so that alien earth sparging base material of the invention can be used for ratio of slope 1:0.75 abrupt slope environment；Surface mulch
The covering of soil and non-woven fabrics further reaches moisturizing, the effect of insulation, soil horizon and seed is not washed away directly by rainwater, improves
The survival rate of seed, reduces soil erosion rate so that vegetation energy rapid Cover side slope surface, and prevent erosion.Should
Construction method technique is simple, and most of material can gather materials on the spot, and cost is low, is adapted to promote in Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope is constructed
Use.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described further.
In embodiment, the planting soil is derived from the native soil of Henan Province's highway Zhengzhou section earth surface of side slope,
PH value is 6.5-7.0, moisture content≤20% (weight moisture capacity, similarly hereinafter).String used is agricultural crop straw and sawdust
Mass ratio is 1:1 mixture, length is 1.0-1.5cm, moisture content≤20%；Agricultural crop straw used is wheat stalk
Mass ratio with rice straw is 1:1 mixture.
Straw pulp paper making process (soda processes) of the black liquid used from Henan paper mill, total solids content 22%-
24%, lignin 180-200g/L, pH value 10.5, density 1.1g/L, viscosity 8-10mPas.
In embodiment, when preparing organic fertilizer, agricultural crop straw used is wheat stalk and rice straw
Mass ratio be 1:1 mixture；Biogas slurry used is that for example ox, pig, chicken, rabbit excrement is raw materials using organic substance, in methane-generating pit
Biogas (being used to generate electricity) is produced through the fermentation of long-time constant-temperatureanaerobic anaerobic, the bright liquid of the brown remained；EM bacteria agent used is to adopt
With commercially available EM stostes (the Yi Bao Bioisystech Co., Ltd of Zhengzhou, henan hundred, containing effective bacterium number amount be not less than 10,000,000,000/ml), plus
What 20-25 times of water dilution was made.
Embodiment 1
The alien earth sparging base material of the present embodiment, including domatic base material and plant raw base material, the domatic base material is by water and following
The component composition of parts by weight：100 parts of planting soil, 100 parts of string, 1.3 parts of modification liquid of black liquid concentration, organic fertilizer
3.0 parts, the consumption of water causes the moisture content of domatic base material to be 45%；
The life base material of planting includes the component of water, vegetable seeds and following parts by weight：50 parts of planting soil, peat soil 50
Part, 50 parts of string, 0.6 part of modification liquid of black liquid concentration, 1.5 parts of organic fertilizer, the consumption of water to plant containing for raw base material
Water rate is 50%, and it is 40g/m that the consumption of vegetable seeds, which meets seed surface density after alien earth sparging,2。
The black liquid concentration modification liquid is prepared by following methods：Black liquid is concentrated by evaporation to solid content and is
20%, CO is passed through in whipping process2Gas is aerated, until after system pH near 7.0, evaporation and concentration to solid content is
40%, produce.
The organic fertilizer is prepared by following methods：Agricultural crop straw is cut into the segment that length is 1-3cm, natural pond is sprayed
Liquid, makes stalk water content reach 60%, EM bacteria agent (adding EM bacteria agent 2.5kg per 100kg agricultural crop straws) is added afterwards, mixing is equal
After even, carry out compost maturity and (typically bank up and start within 3-5 days fermentation, high temperature fermentation period is entered after 1 month, now turning 1 time will
Outer layer stalk ploughs under middle and supplying moisture makes water content be maintained at 60%, bank up reach within 2 months become thoroughly decomposed), produce organic fertilizer.
The preparation method of the alien earth sparging base material of the present embodiment, including：
The planting soil of formula ratio, black liquid concentration modification liquid and organic fertilizer are added in the string of formula ratio, stirred
After mixing uniformly, water use regulation system moisture content produces domatic base material to 45%；
When preparing domatic base material, organic fertilizer is not added with, gained is overburden soil；
The planting soil, peat soil, black liquid of formula ratio are concentrated into modification liquid and organic fertilizer adds the plant fibre of formula ratio
In dimension, after stirring, add vegetable seeds and mix thoroughly, water use regulation system moisture content produces the raw base material of plant to 50%.
Wherein, vegetable seeds used is that the mass ratio of herbaceous plant and shrub seedses is 4:6 mixture, the draft
Vegetable seeds is that Bermuda grass, Festuca Arundinacea, the mass ratio of Trifolium repense seed are 1:1:1 mixture；The shrub seedses are mountain hair
Beans, spend more lily magnolia mass ratio be 1:1 mixture.
The construction method of the Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope of the above-mentioned alien earth sparging base material of use of the present embodiment, including following step
Suddenly：
1) the domatic cleaning of slope of highway：Domatic danger stone, float stone and surface dust are removed, depression and crack is filled up, it is smooth domatic；Should
Slope of highway ratio of slope is 1:1.25；
2) Bower Anchor bar is installed：Drilled anchor hole according to level interval 2.0m, along slope spacing 2.0m, eyelet direction is hung down with domatic
Directly, the slip casting in eyelet, Bower Anchor bar is inserted and overflows and hardens to slurries in anchor hole；A diameter of 16mm of the Bower Anchor bar, it is long
Spend for 1.0m；
3) linked network is constructed：Galvanized wire mesh is unreeled from top to bottom company is fixed with tie wire between laying, adjacent two net
Connect, junction at least 10cm's is overlapping, linked network is fixed with Bower Anchor bar colligation；Linked network is 6cm away from domatic distance；
4) time anchor pole is installed：According to level interval 1.0m, along slope spacing 1.0m, the interpolation time anchor between adjacent main anchor pole
Bar, is fixed on highway sideway domatic by linked network；A diameter of 10mm of described anchor pole, length is 0.5m.
5) alien earth sparging：By the domatic watering wetting of slope of highway, 3 implementation is divided to sow grass seeds by duster from top to bottom using spray seeder, the 1st
Secondary domatic base material of sowing grass seeds by duster, forms the domatic layer that thickness is 6cm；Second of spraying and sowing plant growth base material, forms the plant that thickness is 4cm and gives birth to
Layer；3rd overburden soil of sowing grass seeds by duster, forms the coating that thickness is 1cm；
6) maintenance management：It is 12g/m in cover surface capping surface density2Non-woven fabrics, watering maintenance, when plantling length
Non-woven fabrics is thrown off during to 6-8cm.
Embodiment 2
The alien earth sparging base material of the present embodiment, including domatic base material and plant raw base material, the domatic base material is by water and following
The component composition of parts by weight：100 parts of planting soil, 90 parts of string, 1.0 parts of modification liquid of black liquid concentration, organic fertilizer 2.0
Part, the consumption of water causes the moisture content of domatic base material to be 40%；
The life base material of planting includes the component of water, vegetable seeds and following parts by weight：50 parts of planting soil, peat soil 50
Part, 45 parts of string, 0.5 part of modification liquid of black liquid concentration, 1.0 parts of organic fertilizer, the consumption of water to plant containing for raw base material
Water rate is 45%, and it is 35g/m that the consumption of vegetable seeds, which meets seed surface density after alien earth sparging,2。
The black liquid concentration modification liquid is prepared by following methods：Black liquid is concentrated by evaporation to solid content and is
25%, CO is passed through in whipping process2Gas is aerated, until after system pH near 7.5, evaporation and concentration to solid content is
45%, produce.
The organic fertilizer is prepared by following methods：Agricultural crop straw is cut into the segment that length is 1-3cm, natural pond is sprayed
Liquid, makes stalk water content reach 65%, EM bacteria agent (adding EM bacteria agent 2.3kg per 100kg agricultural crop straws) is added afterwards, mixing is equal
After even, carry out compost maturity and (typically bank up and start within 3-5 days fermentation, high temperature fermentation period is entered after 1 month, now turning 1 time will
Outer layer stalk ploughs under middle and supplying moisture makes water content be maintained at 65%, bank up reach within 2 months become thoroughly decomposed), produce organic fertilizer.
The preparation method be the same as Example 1 of the alien earth sparging base material of the present embodiment.
Wherein, vegetable seeds used is that the mass ratio of herbaceous plant and shrub seedses is 5:5 mixture, the draft
Vegetable seeds is that Bermuda grass, Festuca Arundinacea, the mass ratio of Trifolium repense seed are 1:1:1 mixture；The shrub seedses are mountain hair
Beans, spend more lily magnolia mass ratio be 1:1 mixture.
The construction method of the Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope of the above-mentioned alien earth sparging base material of use of the present embodiment, including following step
Suddenly：
1) the domatic cleaning of slope of highway：Domatic danger stone, float stone and surface dust are removed, depression and crack is filled up, it is smooth domatic；Should
Slope of highway ratio of slope is 1:1；
2) Bower Anchor bar is installed：Drilled anchor hole according to level interval 2.0m, along slope spacing 2.0m, eyelet direction is hung down with domatic
Directly, the slip casting in eyelet, Bower Anchor bar is inserted and overflows and hardens to slurries in anchor hole；A diameter of 18mm of the Bower Anchor bar, it is long
Spend for 1.2m；
3) linked network is constructed：Galvanized wire mesh is unreeled from top to bottom company is fixed with tie wire between laying, adjacent two net
Connect, junction at least 10cm's is overlapping, linked network is fixed with Bower Anchor bar colligation；Linked network is 7cm away from domatic distance；
4) time anchor pole is installed：According to level interval 1.0m, along slope spacing 1.0m, the interpolation time anchor between adjacent main anchor pole
Bar, is fixed on highway sideway domatic by linked network；A diameter of 12mm of described anchor pole, length is 0.8m.
5) alien earth sparging：By the domatic watering wetting of slope of highway, 3 implementation is divided to sow grass seeds by duster from top to bottom using spray seeder, the 1st
Secondary domatic base material of sowing grass seeds by duster, forms the domatic layer that thickness is 7cm；Second of spraying and sowing plant growth base material, forms the plant that thickness is 3cm and gives birth to
Layer；3rd overburden soil of sowing grass seeds by duster, forms the coating that thickness is 1.5cm；
6) maintenance management：It is 13g/m in cover surface capping surface density2Non-woven fabrics, watering maintenance, when plantling length
Non-woven fabrics is thrown off during to 6-8cm.
Embodiment 3
The alien earth sparging base material of the present embodiment, including domatic base material and plant raw base material, the domatic base material is by water and following
The component composition of parts by weight：100 parts of planting soil, 110 parts of string, 1.5 parts of modification liquid of black liquid concentration, organic fertilizer
5.0 parts, the consumption of water causes the moisture content of domatic base material to be 43%；
The life base material of planting includes the component of water, vegetable seeds and following parts by weight：50 parts of planting soil, peat soil 50
Part, 55 parts of string, 0.7 part of modification liquid of black liquid concentration, 2.0 parts of organic fertilizer, the consumption of water to plant containing for raw base material
Water rate is 47%, and it is 45g/m that the consumption of vegetable seeds, which meets seed surface density after alien earth sparging,2。
The black liquid concentration modification liquid is prepared by following methods：Black liquid is concentrated by evaporation to solid content and is
23%, CO is passed through in whipping process2Gas is aerated, until after system pH near 7.0, evaporation and concentration to solid content is
43%, produce.
The organic fertilizer is prepared by following methods：Agricultural crop straw is cut into the segment that length is 1-3cm, natural pond is sprayed
Liquid, makes stalk water content reach 70%, EM bacteria agent (adding EM bacteria agent 2.0kg per 100kg agricultural crop straws) is added afterwards, mixing is equal
After even, carry out compost maturity and (typically bank up and start within 3-5 days fermentation, high temperature fermentation period is entered after 1 month, now turning 1 time will
Outer layer stalk ploughs under middle and supplying moisture makes water content be maintained at 70%, bank up reach within 2 months become thoroughly decomposed), produce organic fertilizer.
The preparation method be the same as Example 1 of the alien earth sparging base material of the present embodiment.
Wherein, vegetable seeds used is that the mass ratio of herbaceous plant and shrub seedses is 7:3 mixture, the draft
Vegetable seeds is that Bermuda grass, Festuca Arundinacea, the mass ratio of Trifolium repense seed are 1:1:1 mixture；The shrub seedses are mountain hair
Beans, spend more lily magnolia mass ratio be 1:1 mixture.
The construction method of the Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope of the above-mentioned alien earth sparging base material of use of the present embodiment, including following step
Suddenly：
1) the domatic cleaning of slope of highway：Domatic danger stone, float stone and surface dust are removed, depression and crack is filled up, it is smooth domatic；Should
Slope of highway ratio of slope is 1:0.75；
2) Bower Anchor bar is installed：Drilled anchor hole according to level interval 2.0m, along slope spacing 2.0m, eyelet direction is hung down with domatic
Directly, the slip casting in eyelet, Bower Anchor bar is inserted and overflows and hardens to slurries in anchor hole；A diameter of 20mm of the Bower Anchor bar, it is long
Spend for 1.5m；
3) linked network is constructed：Galvanized wire mesh is unreeled from top to bottom company is fixed with tie wire between laying, adjacent two net
Connect, junction at least 10cm's is overlapping, linked network is fixed with Bower Anchor bar colligation；Linked network is 8cm away from domatic distance；
4) time anchor pole is installed：According to level interval 1.0m, along slope spacing 1.0m, the interpolation time anchor between adjacent main anchor pole
Bar, is fixed on highway sideway domatic by linked network；A diameter of 14mm of described anchor pole, length is 0.8m.
5) alien earth sparging：By the domatic watering wetting of slope of highway, 3 implementation is divided to sow grass seeds by duster from top to bottom using spray seeder, the 1st
Secondary domatic base material of sowing grass seeds by duster, forms the domatic layer that thickness is 8cm；Second of spraying and sowing plant growth base material, forms the plant that thickness is 2cm and gives birth to
Layer；3rd overburden soil of sowing grass seeds by duster, forms the coating that thickness is 2cm；
6) maintenance management：It is 14g/m in cover surface capping surface density2Non-woven fabrics, watering maintenance, when plantling length
Non-woven fabrics is thrown off during to 6-8cm.
Experimental example 1
The validity of this experimental example alien earth sparging base material and construction method as obtained by simulating slope test embodiment 1-3.
It is 4.2m × 4.2m to simulate side slope surface size, is set to 3, ratio of slope corresponds to 1 in embodiment 1-3 respectively:1.25、1:1、1:
0.75, it is designated as simulation side slope one, simulation side slope two, simulation side slope three；Domatic use masonry laying, simulation highway rock side-slope
Experiment effect.Simulation side slope one, simulation side slope two, simulation side slope three be respectively adopted the alien earth sparging base material of embodiment 1,2 and 3 with
And the construction method of Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope carries out ecological protection to simulation side slope.
During maintenance management, after non-woven fabrics is covered, do not rewater and (also supplement water without other approach)；30 days
Afterwards, after non-woven fabrics is thrown off gather soil sample detected (it is separately sampled in the upper, middle and lower position of soil, examined after mixing
Survey), as a result as shown in table 1.
Wherein, soil hardness is determined using mountain Chinese style stratameter.
Soil granular structure is determined using dry sieve method：1kg soil sample is taken, (aperture is by the screen banks of granule analyzer
10mm, 5mm, 2mm, 1mm, 0.5mm, 0.25mm) order by size from top to bottom packages, soil is poured on into the superiors, shaken
Screen banks, weighs the wind desiceted soil quality in screen banks at different levels respectively, calculates quality accounting.
Maximum water holding capacity is sampled using core cutter method, and the saturation that absorbs water simultaneously is weighed, and determines weight water content.
The physical property testing result of alien earth sparging base material obtained by the embodiment 1-3 of table 1
As it can be seen from table 1 embodiment 1-3 alien earth sparging base material, after 30 days without external moisturizing experiment, soil
Earth hardness is in 15.9-16.8mm, and pH value belongs to neutral soil between 7.1-7.4；Particle diameter in crumb structure>5mm's reaches
More than 65%, particle diameter reaches more than 85% more than 2mm, with good crumb structure.Test result indicates that, even if 30 days nothings
Water (no rainfall), the alien earth sparging base material remains to maintain the control environment of plant growth, plant survival rate reaches more than 70%；
Soil moisture content is still more than 14%, with excellent water conservation moisture holding capacity.
Experimental example 2
This experimental example validity of alien earth sparging base material and construction method as obtained by simulating slope test embodiment 1-3 is entered
Row detection.That simulates side slope sets up be the same as Example 1, and outdoor placement sets correspondence collecting tank at each simulation Slope bottom, is used for
Collect the soil from Erosion on sloping field.After non-woven fabrics is covered, normal maintenance (is tested in April, 2017, during experiment originally
Ground is without extensive heavy showers, only a small number of heavy showers weather in short-term)；Soil in collecting tank was collected in every 30 days, drying calculates it
The quality accounting of quality and base material of initially sowing grass seeds by duster, and calculate rate of vegetation.As a result it is as shown in table 2.
The validation checking result of alien earth sparging base material and construction method obtained by the embodiment 1-3 of table 2
From table 2 it can be seen that using the alien earth sparging base material and the construction method of Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope of the present invention, 3
Side slope vegetation all standing can be achieved within individual month, the germination percentage and survival rate of plant are high；The resistance to rainwater of alien earth sparging base material of the present invention
Performance of flushing was good, when vegetation all standing in 90 days, and early stage soil total amount of erosion is only 7%, and soil erosion amount is few；Due to vegetation
All standing is domatic, and later stage soil erosion amount will further decrease, domatic to slope of highway to have good protective action.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of alien earth sparging base material, it is characterised in that：Including domatic base material and plant raw base material, the domatic base material include water and
The component of following parts by weight：100 parts of planting soil, 90-110 parts of string, black liquid concentration 1.0-1.5 parts of modification liquid,
2.0-4.0 parts of organic fertilizer, the consumption of water causes the moisture content of domatic base material to be 40%-45%；
The life base material of planting includes the component of water, vegetable seeds and following parts by weight：50 parts of planting soil, 50 parts of peat soil, plant
45-55 parts of fibres, 0.5-0.8 parts of modification liquid of black liquid concentration, 1.0-2.0 parts of organic fertilizer, the consumption of water to plant raw base
The moisture content of material is 45%-50%, and it is 35-45g/m that the consumption of vegetable seeds, which meets seed surface density after alien earth sparging,2。
2. alien earth sparging base material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Black liquid concentration modification liquid be by with
Prepared by lower section method：Black liquid is concentrated by evaporation in being 20%-25%, whipping process to solid content and is passed through air or CO2Gas
Body is aerated, until after the near 7.0-7.5 of system pH, it is 40%-45% to be concentrated by evaporation to solid content, is produced.
3. alien earth sparging base material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The organic fertilizer is prepared by following methods
's：Agricultural crop straw is cut into the segment that length is 1-3cm, biogas slurry is sprayed, stalk water content is reached 60%-70%, it is rear to add
Enter EM bacteria agent, after being well mixed, carry out compost maturity, produce.
4. alien earth sparging base material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The string is agricultural crop straw and saw
The mass ratio at end is 1:1 mixture.
5. the alien earth sparging base material according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that：The agricultural crop straw be wheat stalk,
Any one in rice straw or combination.
6. alien earth sparging base material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The vegetable seeds is herbaceous plant and shrub
The mass ratio of seed is (3-7):The mixture of (3-7).
7. a kind of construction method of Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope using alien earth sparging base material as claimed in claim 1, its feature
It is：Comprise the following steps：
1) the domatic cleaning of slope of highway：Domatic danger stone, float stone and surface dust are removed, depression and crack is filled up, it is smooth domatic；
2) Bower Anchor bar is installed：Drilled anchor hole according to level interval 2.0m, along slope spacing 2.0m, eyelet direction with it is domatic vertical,
Slip casting in eyelet, Bower Anchor bar is inserted and overflows and hardens to slurries in anchor hole；
3) linked network is constructed：Linked network is unreeled from top to bottom and is fixedly connected between laying, adjacent two net with tie wire, junction is extremely
Rare 10cm's is overlapping, and linked network is fixed with Bower Anchor bar colligation；
4) time anchor pole is installed：According to level interval 1.0m, along slope spacing 1.0m, the interpolation time anchor pole between adjacent main anchor pole will
It is domatic that linked network is fixed on highway sideway；
5) alien earth sparging：By the domatic watering wetting of slope of highway, 3 implementation is divided to sow grass seeds by duster from top to bottom using spray seeder, the 1st spray
Domatic base material is broadcast, the domatic layer that thickness is 6-8cm is formed；Second of spraying and sowing plant growth base material, forms the plant that thickness is 2-4cm and gives birth to
Layer；3rd overburden soil of sowing grass seeds by duster, forms the coating that thickness is 1-2cm；
6) maintenance management：Non-woven fabrics is capped in cover surface, watering maintenance throws off non-woven fabrics when plantling length is to 6-8cm
.
8. the construction method of Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Step 3) in, it is described
Linked network is plastic three-dimensional net or galvanized wire mesh, and linked network is 6-8cm away from domatic distance.
9. the construction method of Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The Bower Anchor bar it is straight
Footpath is 16-20mm, and length is 1.0-1.5m；A diameter of 10-14mm of described anchor pole, length is 0.5-0.8m.
10. the construction method of Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Step 6) in, it is described
The surface density of non-woven fabrics is 12-14g/m2。
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