CN111284441A - 用于车辆的乘客保护系统 - Google Patents

用于车辆的乘客保护系统 Download PDF

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CN111284441A
CN111284441A CN201910503258.6A CN201910503258A CN111284441A CN 111284441 A CN111284441 A CN 111284441A CN 201910503258 A CN201910503258 A CN 201910503258A CN 111284441 A CN111284441 A CN 111284441A
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airbag
seat
vehicle
door
deploy
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CN111284441B (zh
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崔在镐
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Corp
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Kia Motors Corp
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Abstract

一种用于车辆的乘客保护系统，包括：座椅，其向前和向后滑动并且横向旋转，其中该座椅具有配备有安全带气囊的座椅安全带，并具有设置在座椅的座椅靠背一侧上的侧面气囊；前部气囊，其设置在位于车辆座椅前方的前部结构中以朝向座椅展开；帘式气囊，其设置在车门上端的柱装饰件中以向下展开；以及控制器，其根据座椅的滑动位置和旋转方向以及检测到的车辆碰撞或车辆碰撞的预测方向选择性地展开安全带气囊、侧面气囊、前部气囊和帘式气囊。

Description

用于车辆的乘客保护系统
技术领域
本公开涉及一种用于车辆的乘客保护系统，并且更具体地涉及一种使用气囊装置的乘客保护系统。
背景技术
本节中的陈述仅提供与本公开相关的背景信息，并且可能不构成现有技术。
在自动驾驶车辆中，驾驶员和乘客可以在停留在车辆中时进行各种活动。例如，他们可以通过旋转座椅来改变车辆中座椅的位置，从而寻求更舒适的姿势。在自动驾驶车辆的情况下，车辆的座椅可以提供放松模式或者旋转以面向一侧，从而允许乘客以各种舒适的姿势进行各种活动。
然而，我们已经发现传统的车辆不提供旋转座椅的功能，而是仅允许座椅在前后方向上滑动以及座椅的靠背的倾斜，因此难以确保乘客在发生碰撞时的稳定性，即使在座椅提供旋转座椅和/或放松模式的功能时也是如此。
前述内容仅旨在帮助理解本公开的背景，并且不旨在表示本公开落入本领域技术人员已知的相关技术的范围内。
发明内容
因此，本公开已经考虑到现有技术中出现的上述问题，并且本公开旨在提出一种用于车辆的乘客保护系统，其允许乘客通过各种气囊装置而受到保护，即使在车辆的座椅旋转或处于放松模式时。
根据本公开的一个方面，一种用于车辆的乘客保护系统，在前后方向之间延伸，该系统包括：座椅，被配置为在前后方向上滑动并且横向旋转，其中座椅包括配备有安全带气囊的座椅安全带，以及设置在座椅靠背侧面的侧面气囊；前部气囊，设置在位于座椅前方的前部结构中并被配置为朝向座椅展开；帘式气囊，设置在车门上端的柱装饰中并被配置为向下展开；以及控制器，被配置为基于座椅的滑动位置和旋转方向以及检测到的车辆碰撞或车辆碰撞的预测方向而选择性地展开安全带气囊、侧面气囊、前部气囊和帘式气囊。
安全带气囊可以设置在肩带和腰带中的每者中，并且可以展开以使气囊垫部件相对于座椅安全带朝向乘客的前面膨胀。
基于座椅面向车辆前方的方向，侧面气囊可以安装在座椅靠背的靠近车门的一侧，并且远侧气囊可以安装在座椅靠背的相对侧。特别地，控制器被配置为基于座椅的滑动位置和旋转方向以及检测到的车辆碰撞或车辆碰撞的预测方向而选择性地展开安全带气囊、侧面气囊、远侧气囊、前部气囊和帘式气囊。
帘式气囊可包括位于车门附近的门侧室，以及设置成与门侧室的一部分重叠且位于乘客侧的乘客侧室。
乘客侧室可以经由连接孔连接到门侧室，并且可以由从门侧室供应的气体充气。
连接孔可以连接到活动系绳并且可以通过活动系绳的张力保持关闭，并且控制器可以根据当帘式气囊展开时，座椅的旋转方向和检测到的车辆碰撞或车辆碰撞的预测方向进行控制以通过选择性地释放活动系绳的张力来选择性地展开乘客侧室。
当座椅面向车辆的前方并且车辆处于正面碰撞模式时，控制器可以控制以展开前部气囊，并且当座椅或座椅上的乘客与前部结构之间的距离大于预定距离时，或者当座椅靠背的斜倚角度大于预定角度时，控制器可以控制以展开安全带气囊。
当座椅在正面碰撞模式中面向靠近车门的一侧时，控制器可以控制以展开前部气囊，并且当座椅或乘客与前部结构之间的距离大于预定距离时或者当座椅靠背的斜倚角度大于预定角度时，控制器可以控制以展开远侧气囊。
当座椅在侧面碰撞模式中面向车辆前方时，控制器可以控制以展开帘式气囊和侧面气囊，并且帘式气囊可以通过保持活动系绳的张力来抑制或防止乘客侧室展开。
当座椅在侧面碰撞模式中面向车门时，控制器可以控制以展开帘式气囊，并且帘式气囊可以允许乘客侧室和门侧室两者通过释放活动系绳的张力而展开。
当座椅在侧面碰撞模式中面向车门时，控制器可以控制以展开帘式气囊和安全带气囊两者。
当座椅在倾斜碰撞模式中面向车辆前方时，控制器可以控制以展开前部气囊、帘式气囊和侧面气囊，并且当座椅或座椅上的乘客与前部结构之间的距离大于预定距离时，或者当座椅靠背的斜倚角度大于预定角度时，控制器可以控制以展开安全带气囊。
当座椅在倾斜碰撞模式中面向车门时，控制器可以控制以展开前部气囊、帘式气囊和安全带气囊。
当座椅在倾斜碰撞模式中面向车门时，控制器可以控制以展开前部气囊、帘式气囊和安全带气囊，并且帘式气囊可以通过释放活动系绳的张力来展开乘客侧室和门侧室两者。
当座椅在倾斜碰撞模式中面向车门时，控制器可以控制以展开前部气囊、帘式气囊和安全带气囊，并且当座椅或乘客与前部结构之间的距离大于预定距离时，或者当座椅靠背的斜倚角度大于预定角度时，控制器可以控制以展开远侧气囊。
根据本公开，即使在车辆的座椅旋转或处于放松模式时，用于车辆的乘客保护系统也允许乘客通过各种气囊装置被安全地保护。
根据本文提供的描述，其他适用领域将变得显而易见。应当理解，描述和具体示例仅用于说明的目的，并不旨在限制本公开的范围。
附图说明
为了能够很好地理解本发明，现在将参考附图描述其作为示例给出的各种形式，其中：
图1和图2为示出本公开的一种形式的用于车辆的乘客保护系统在正面碰撞模式中的示图；
图3和图4为示出根据本公开的一种形式的用于车辆的乘客保护系统在侧面碰撞模式中的示图；
图5和图6为示出本公开的一种形式的用于车辆的乘客保护系统在倾斜碰撞模式中的示图；以及
图7为示出根据本公开的一种形式的用于车辆的乘客保护系统的操作的表。
本文描述的附图仅用于说明目的，并不旨在以任何方式限制本公开的范围。
具体实施方式
以下描述本质上仅为示例性的，并不旨在限制本公开、应用或用途。应当理解，在整个附图中，相应的附图标记表示相同或相应的部件和特征。
图1和图2为示出根据本公开的示例性形式的用于车辆的乘客保护系统在正面碰撞模式中的示图，图3和图4为示出根据本公开的一种形式的用于车辆的乘客保护系统在侧面碰撞模式中的示图，图5和图6为示出在倾斜碰撞模式中的乘客保护系统的示图，图7为示出根据本公开的一种形式的用于车辆的乘客保护系统的操作的表。
根据本公开的一种形式的用于车辆的乘客保护系统可以应用于座椅S可旋转的传统车辆以及应用于自动驾驶车辆。此外，该系统不仅可以应用于碰撞传感器10直接检测车辆碰撞的情况，而且可以应用于通过诸如摄像头或雷达的传感器预测和控制车辆的碰撞(预撞击功能)的车辆。
为此，根据本公开的一种形式的用于车辆的乘客保护系统的座椅S可以前后滑动并且横向旋转。座椅S设置有座椅安全带420，座椅安全带420配备有安全带气囊400。为了即使在座椅S旋转时也经由安全带420约束乘客，安全带420不安装到车辆的柱装饰件(pillartrim)上，而是应整体地安装到座椅S上。由于安全带气囊400设置在座椅安全带420中，可以更有效地保护乘客。传统的安全带气囊400基于这样的构思，其中气囊垫在安全带420和乘客P之间膨胀，以便抑制或防止安全带过度地约束乘客，从而保护乘客的胸部免受伤害。相比之下，本公开采用展开到乘客P的前面的安全带气囊400以更可靠地保护乘客P。
此外，座椅S在座椅的靠背的一侧具有侧面气囊500。基于座椅S面向车辆前方的方向，侧面气囊500被安装在靠背的靠近车门的一侧，而远侧气囊520被安装在靠背的相对侧上。通常，远侧气囊520可以为安装在与车门相对的一侧上的侧面气囊，以便在侧面碰撞的情况下抑制或防止乘客彼此碰撞。然而，除了执行上述功能之外，本公开还使得远侧气囊520在各种条件下更可靠地保护乘客。
此外，位于车辆座椅S前方的前部结构100设置有前部气囊120。通常，前部气囊120设置在方向盘或防撞垫中。如果座椅布置成多排，则前部气囊可以设置在前排座椅的靠背的后表面中，或者设置在各种车辆结构中。应当理解，本公开的前部气囊120包括容纳在位于座椅前方的各种车辆结构中并且在展开时朝向座椅膨胀的所有气囊。
同时，帘式气囊300设置在车门上端的柱装饰件上以向下展开，从而抑制或防止乘客P与车门600、挡风玻璃620等碰撞。
控制器30为整体控制所有气囊的模块。该控制器30可以接收座椅S的运动传感器的感测值、接收车辆的碰撞传感器10的感测值或者接收车辆的各种检测设备(摄像头、雷达等)的感测值以预测碰撞并事先控制车辆。考虑到座椅S的所有滑动位置和旋转方向以及检测到的车辆碰撞或车辆碰撞的预测方向，这样的控制器30可以选择性地展开安全带气囊400、侧面气囊500、前气囊120和帘式气囊300。
更具体地，安全带气囊400设置在肩带和腰带中的每者中。当安全带气囊展开时，气囊垫部件可相对于安全带420朝向乘客P的前面膨胀。因此，与传统的安全带气囊不同，本公开除了防止乘客受到安全带的伤害之外还保护乘客免受冲击，因此与其他气囊配合而可靠地约束乘客。
此外，帘式气囊300可包括位于车门附近的门侧室320，以及设置成与门侧室的位于乘客侧的一部分重叠的乘客侧室340。此外，乘客侧室340可以经由连接孔322连接到门侧室320，并且可以由从门侧室320供应的气体充气。也就是说，门侧室320被供应有来自柱装饰件的充气机的气体以展开，并且乘客侧室340通过连接孔322从门侧室320被供应气体以被充气。
连接孔322连接到活动系绳326并且通过活动系绳326的张力保持关闭。当帘式气囊300展开时，控制器30根据座椅的旋转方向、检测到的车辆碰撞或其预测方向通过选择性地释放活动系绳326的张力来选择性地展开乘客侧室340。因此，即使乘客与车门之间的距离长，也可以通过增加帘式气囊的深度来有效地约束乘客。
图1和图2为示出了本公开的一种形式的用于车辆的乘客保护系统在正面碰撞模式中的示图。如图1所示，当座椅在正面碰撞(A)模式中面向车辆前方时，控制器30可以控制以展开前部气囊120，并且当座椅或座椅上的乘客与前部结构之间的距离大于预定距离时，或者当靠背的斜倚角度大于预定角度时，控制器30可以控制以展开安全带气囊400。正面碰撞模式包括检测到正面碰撞的情况和预测到正面碰撞的情况。在这种情况下，如果座椅面向前方，则控制器30进行控制以展开前部气囊120，从而将乘客约束在前部。然而，如果座椅或乘客与前部结构之间的距离大于预定距离，或者当靠背的斜倚角度大于预定角度时，乘客可能无法充分地被前部气囊的体积或深度所约束。在这种情况下，安全带气囊400可以一起展开。由于安全带气囊400展开到乘客P的前面，乘客P被安全带气囊400和前部气囊120充分地约束。
如图2所示，当座椅在正面碰撞(A)模式中面向车门时，控制器30可以展开前部气囊120，并且当座椅或乘客与前部结构之间的距离大于预定距离时，或者当靠背的斜倚角度大于预定角度时，控制器30可以展开远侧气囊520。在这种情况下，由于乘客P面向车辆侧面，因此远侧气囊520与前部气囊120重叠以约束乘客。
图3和图4为示出了本公开的一种形式的用于车辆的乘客保护系统在侧面碰撞(B)模式中的示图。如图3中所示，当座椅在侧面碰撞模式中面向车辆的前方时，控制器30可以控制以展开帘式气囊300和侧面气囊500。在这种情况下，帘式气囊300保持活动系绳的张力，以抑制或防止乘客侧室展开。当保持活动系绳的张力时，乘客侧室未展开而仅展开门侧室320。由此，可以抑制或防止帘式气囊300过度撞击乘客的头部。
如图4所示，当座椅在侧面碰撞(B)模式中面向车门600时，控制器30展开帘式气囊300。帘式气囊300可以通过利用系绳切割器等释放活动系绳的张力而展开乘客侧室340和门侧室320。由此，可以充分地约束远离车门600的乘客P。此外，在这种情况下，控制器30进行控制以展开帘式气囊300和安全带气囊400，从而填充车门和乘客之间的空间并有效地约束乘客。在乘客侧室340的情况下，形成外部通气孔342以在乘客装载时排出气体，从而防止由气囊引起的二次伤害。为了更可靠地实现它，可以根据情况改变外部通气孔342连接到系绳346以及通过切割器344等释放系绳346的张力的时间。
图5和图6为示出根据本公开的一种形式的用于车辆的乘客保护系统在倾斜碰撞(C)模式中的示图。如图5所示，当座椅S在倾斜碰撞模式中面向车辆的前方时，控制器30展开前部气囊120、帘式气囊300和侧面气囊500。在这种情况下，当座椅或乘客与前部结构之间的距离大于预定距离时，或者当靠背的斜倚角度大于预定角度时，可以通过将安全带气囊400一起展开来有效地约束乘客。
如图6所示，当座椅在倾斜碰撞(C)模式中面向车门600时，控制器30展开前部气囊120、帘式气囊300和安全带气囊400。在这种情况下，控制器30可以控制以展开部气囊120、帘式气囊300和安全带气囊400，并且同时帘式气囊300可以使得乘客侧室340和门侧室320均通过从活动系绳326释放张力来展开。由此，乘客P被有效地约束。此外，当座椅或乘客与前部结构之间的距离大于预定距离时或者当靠背的斜倚角度大于预定角度时，远侧气囊520一起展开以约束乘客。
图7为示出根据本公开的形式的用于车辆的乘客保护系统的操作的表。帘式气囊选择性地采用单一模式或双模式，在所述模式中，仅展开门侧室或者展开门侧室和乘客侧室两者，从而更有效地约束乘客并保护乘客的头部免于被击中。此外，当乘客没有被现有气囊充分约束时，例如当乘客面向车门或处于放松模式时，远侧气囊和安全带气囊被选择性地展开，从而更有效地保护乘客。
如上所述，本公开提供了一种用于车辆的乘客保护系统，其即使在车辆的座椅旋转或处于放松模式时也允许乘客通过各种气囊装置受到保护。
尽管出于说明性目的描述了本公开的示例性形式，但是本领域技术人员将理解，在不脱离本公开的范围和精神的情况下，可以进行各种修改、添加和替换。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于车辆的乘客保护系统，在前后方向之间延伸，包括：
座椅，被配置为在前后方向上滑动并且横向旋转，所述座椅包括配备有安全带气囊的座椅安全带；
前部气囊，设置在位于所述座椅前方的前部结构中，并被配置为朝向所述座椅展开；
帘式气囊，设置在车门上端的柱装饰件中，并被配置为向下展开；以及
控制器，被配置为基于所述座椅的滑动位置和旋转方向以及检测到的车辆碰撞或车辆碰撞的预测方向而选择性地展开所述安全带气囊、所述前部气囊和所述帘式气囊。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的乘客保护系统，其中，所述安全带气囊被设置在肩带和腰带中的每者中，并被展开以使气囊垫部件相对于所述座椅安全带朝向乘客的前面膨胀。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的乘客保护系统，其中，基于所述座椅面向所述车辆前方的方向，侧面气囊被安装在座椅靠背的靠近所述车门的一侧，并且远侧气囊被安装在所述座椅靠背的相对侧，并且
其中，所述控制器被配置为基于所述座椅的滑动位置和旋转方向以及检测到的车辆碰撞或车辆碰撞的预测方向而选择性地展开所述安全带气囊、所述侧面气囊、所述远侧气囊、所述前部气囊和所述帘式气囊。
4.根据权利要求3所述的用于车辆的乘客保护系统，其中，所述控制器被配置为，当所述座椅在正面碰撞模式中面向邻近所述车门的一侧时展开所述前部气囊，并且当所述座椅或所述座椅上的乘客与所述前部结构之间的距离大于预定距离时或者当所述座椅靠背的斜倚角度大于预定角度时展开所述远侧气囊。
5.根据权利要求3所述的用于车辆的乘客保护系统，其中，所述控制器被配置为，当所述座椅在倾斜碰撞模式中面向所述车门时展开所述前部气囊、所述帘式气囊和所述安全带气囊，并且当所述座椅或所述座椅上的乘客与所述前部结构之间的距离大于预定距离时或者当所述座椅靠背的斜倚角度大于预定角度时展开所述远侧气囊。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的乘客保护系统，其中，所述帘式气囊包括位于所述车门附近的门侧室并包括设置成与所述门侧室的一部分重叠且位于乘客侧的乘客侧室。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用于车辆的乘客保护系统，其中，所述乘客侧室经由连接孔连接到所述门侧室，并且由从所述门侧室供应的气体充气。
8.根据权利要求7所述的用于车辆的乘客保护系统，其中，所述连接孔连接到活动系绳并且通过所述活动系绳的张力保持关闭，并且所述控制器被配置为，当所述帘式气囊展开时，基于所述座椅的旋转方向和检测到的车辆碰撞或车辆碰撞的预测方向通过选择性地释放所述活动系绳的张力来选择性地展开所述乘客侧室。
9.根据权利要求8所述的用于车辆的乘客保护系统，其中，所述控制器被配置为当所述座椅在倾斜碰撞模式中面向所述车门时展开所述前部气囊、所述帘式气囊和所述安全带气囊，并且所述帘式气囊通过释放所述活动系绳的张力来展开所述乘客侧室和所述门侧室两者。
10.根据权利要求8所述的用于车辆的乘客保护系统，其中，所述控制器被配置为当所述座椅在侧面碰撞模式中面向所述车辆的前方时展开所述帘式气囊和设置在所述座椅的座椅靠背的一侧上的侧面气囊，并且所述帘式气囊通过保持所述活动系绳的张力来抑制所述乘客侧室展开。
11.根据权利要求8所述的用于车辆的乘客保护系统，其中，所述控制器被配置为当所述座椅在侧面碰撞模式中面向所述车门时展开所述帘式气囊，并且所述帘式气囊允许通过释放所述活动系绳的张力来展开所述乘客侧室和所述门侧室两者。
12.根据权利要求11所述的用于车辆的乘客保护系统，其中，所述控制器被配置为当所述座椅在所述侧面碰撞模式中面向所述车门时展开所述帘式气囊和所述安全带气囊两者。
13.根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的乘客保护系统，其中，所述控制器被配置为：
当所述座椅面向所述车辆前方并且所述车辆处于正面碰撞模式时展开所述前部气囊，并且
当所述座椅或所述座椅上的乘客与所述前部结构之间的距离大于预定距离时，或者当座椅靠背的斜倚角度大于预定角度时，展开所述安全带气囊。
14.根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的乘客保护系统，其中，所述控制器被配置为当所述座椅在倾斜碰撞模式中面向所述车辆前方时展开所述前部气囊、所述帘式气囊和设置在所述座椅的座椅靠背一侧上的侧面气囊，并且被配置为当所述座椅或所述座椅上的乘客与所述前部结构之间的距离大于预定距离时或者当所述座椅靠背的斜倚角度大于预定角度时展开所述安全带气囊。
15.根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的乘客保护系统，其中，所述控制器被配置为当所述座椅在倾斜碰撞模式中面向所述车门时展开所述前部气囊、所述帘式气囊和所述安全带气囊。
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