CN111165285A - Wheat single seed propagation method - Google Patents
Wheat single seed propagation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111165285A CN111165285A CN202010051571.3A CN202010051571A CN111165285A CN 111165285 A CN111165285 A CN 111165285A CN 202010051571 A CN202010051571 A CN 202010051571A CN 111165285 A CN111165285 A CN 111165285A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wheat single seed propagation method, which comprises the steps of carrying out germination cultivation on selected wheat single seeds in a culture dish in a wheat sowing period under a laboratory condition until wheat seedlings with the plant height of 4-6 cm are formed in the culture dish; transplanting the wheat seedlings into a test field, cultivating strong seedlings before winter, and improving the total tillering number; digging out the cultivated strong seedlings from the test field in the green turning period of the wheat in the next year; carrying out tillering on the excavated strong seedlings, and tillering the strong seedlings from the rhizosphere, wherein each 1-3 tillers form one cluster, and each cluster has 3-5 fibrous roots to obtain multiple clusters of branched wheat seedlings; transplanting the clustered wheat seedlings into a test field after fertilization. The wheat single seed propagation method is simple and rapid, high in propagation rate and free of mixed risks, the single seed propagation of wheat is realized by a spring tiller peeling mode, and more next generation seeds can be obtained from one wheat seed through one generation, so that the research requirement is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop breeding, in particular to a wheat single seed expanding propagation method.
Background
In the long-term evolution process of wheat, due to artificial selection and natural evolution, the genetic basis becomes narrow day by day, and the genetic vulnerability is gradually increased. In recent years, with intensive production and commercial operation of wheat, wheat breeding is guided by market demands, a small number of genetic resources are intensively utilized, many excellent genes with stress resistance, disease and insect resistance, high quality and the like are gradually lost, the genetic basis of bred varieties is narrower, the biological and environmental stresses are increasingly weak, the breeding process is slow, the requirements of rapid development of agricultural production are difficult to adapt, and the bottleneck of genetic improvement of wheat is formed. In order to solve the problem of the narrow wheat gene resources, researchers try to create new germplasm resources by various methods, such as distant hybridization, chromosome engineering, transgenic technology and the like, are important technical means for creating new wheat germplasm and enriching genetic diversity, and play an important role in widening the wheat gene resources. However, the following problems are prevalent:
(1) because the methods implant exogenous chromosome segments or genes into the genome of common wheat, the problems of genome disorder, wide structural variation, poor genetic stability and the like are caused, and the fertility is poor.
(2) In the process of creating new germplasm by applying the methods, because the genetic balance of the wheat genome is broken and the sites of gene recombination, chromosome aberration, gene introduction and the like have randomness, each seed obtained in the resource innovation work has uniqueness.
When the obtained genotype of each wheat seed and the progeny thereof is scientifically identified, a large number of next generation seeds need to be bred to meet the requirements of scientific research, so how to obtain a sufficient number of next generation seeds for meeting the requirements of scientific research by breeding a single wheat seed generation is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a wheat single seed expanding propagation method.
The invention provides the following scheme:
a wheat single seed propagation method comprises the following steps:
in the proper sowing period of wheat, selected single wheat seeds germinate in a culture dish padded with wet filter paper, the filter paper is kept wet during germination, and the root tips are kept to be sufficient in moisture all the time.
Soil preparation before sowing: each 666.7m before soil preparation2Applying 3000 kg-4000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer or 100 kg-150 kg of refined organic fertilizer, 8 kg-10 kg of pure nitrogen (N) and pure phosphorus (P)2O5)7 kg-9 kg of pure potassium (K)2O)3kg to 5 kg. And (3) deeply ploughing or deeply loosening the test field, wherein the deep ploughing depth is not less than 25cm, and the deep loosening depth is not less than 30 cm. Harrowing and pressing for 2 times after ploughing.
When the wheat plants in the culture dish grow to 4-6 cm high, transplanting the wheat seedlings into a test field, and irrigating the roots (seeds) with saturated water around the root marks, wherein the depth of the primary roots (seeds) into the soil is 3-5 cm. After the water is completely infiltrated into the soil, a layer of fine dry soil is covered around the wheat seedlings to preserve fertilizer and water.
In the autumn seedling stage, attention is paid to control diseases, pests and weeds, water is irrigated at a proper period, strong seedlings are cultivated, and the total tillering number is increased.
In the green turning period of wheat in the next year, digging out the cultivated strong seedlings from the test field by root;
carrying out tillering on the excavated strong seedlings, and tillering the strong seedlings from the rhizosphere, wherein each 1-3 tillers form one cluster, and each cluster has 3-5 fibrous roots to obtain multiple clusters of branched wheat seedlings;
transplanting the clustered wheat seedlings into a finished test field respectively, and burying the tillering sections in soil; and applying a little slow release fertilizer and irrigating water immediately after transplanting, and timely scratching surface soil to preserve soil moisture when the surface of the ground is not sticky.
After the tillered and transplanted wheat plant begins to tillere in spring, the rhizosphere is observed at any time, if new tillering nodes are exposed out of the ground surface, the soil is immediately banked up, and the tillering nodes are always positioned in the soil and are in close contact with the soil, so that the tillering in more spring is promoted.
And (4) carrying out conventional field management after wheat is subjected to jointing, and bagging for selfing after heading.
And (3) performing one-spraying three-proofing treatment in the wheat filling period, harvesting the bagged wheat ears after the wheat ears are mature, and performing mixed threshing.
Preferably: the germination incubation using petri dishes under laboratory conditions comprises:
germinating the selected single wheat seed in a culture dish padded with wet filter paper, keeping the filter paper wet after germination, and keeping the root tip with sufficient water all the time.
Preferably: before the wheat seedlings are transplanted to a test field, applying organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer to the test field, and transplanting the wheat seedlings to the test field after fertility is improved.
Preferably: and (3) after the wheat seedlings are transplanted to a test field, watering the wheat seedlings, and covering fine soil around the wheat seedlings to prevent water from evaporating.
Preferably: and (3) fertilizing the test field before transplanting the clustered wheat seedlings to the test field, and transplanting the clustered wheat seedlings to the test field after fertilizing the soil fertility.
Preferably: after the soil fertility is fertilized, transplanting the clustered wheat seedlings into a test field and applying slow release fertilizer.
Preferably: transplanting the clustered wheat seedlings into a test field respectively, performing conventional field management, bagging the wheat seedlings after ear emergence respectively to realize selfing, and harvesting the wheat grains after maturity.
Preferably: the conventional field management comprises one-spraying three-proofing.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
in one implementation mode, the method can comprise the steps of carrying out germination cultivation on selected single wheat seeds in a wheat sowing period by using a culture dish under a laboratory condition until wheat seedlings with the height of 4-6 cm are formed in the culture dish; transplanting the wheat seedlings into a test field, cultivating strong seedlings before winter, and improving the total tillering number; digging out the cultivated strong seedlings from the test field in the green turning period of the wheat in the next year; carrying out tillering on the excavated strong seedlings, separating the tillers from the rhizosphere, dividing one bunch of tillers every 1-3, and obtaining multiple bunched wheat seedlings with 3-5 fibrous roots in each bunch; transplanting the clustered wheat seedlings into a test field respectively, and burying the tillering sections in soil; after the tillering begins in spring, if new tillering nodes are exposed out of the ground surface, the soil is immediately earthed up, so that the tillering nodes are positioned in the soil and are in close contact with the soil, and more spring tillering is promoted. Performing conventional field management until the wheat grains are mature and then harvesting. The wheat single seed propagation method is simple and rapid, high in propagation rate and free of mixed risks; the method realizes the propagation of single wheat seeds by adopting a tiller stripping mode, can ensure that more next generation seeds can be obtained from one wheat seed through one generation, and ensures the research requirement.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Examples
The embodiment of the invention provides a wheat single seed propagation method, which comprises the steps of carrying out germination cultivation on selected wheat single seeds by using a culture dish under a laboratory condition in a wheat sowing period until wheat seedlings with the height of 4-6 cm are formed in the culture dish; specifically, the selected single wheat seeds germinate in a culture dish filled with wet filter paper, the filter paper is kept wet during germination, the root tips are always kept with sufficient water, but the leaves cannot be soaked in water.
Transplanting the wheat seedlings into a test field, and culturing strong seedlings before winter; strong seedlings are cultivated before winter, and the total tillering number is increased. Specifically, before the wheat seedlings are transplanted to a test field, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer are applied to the test field, and the wheat seedlings are transplanted to the test field after soil fertility is improved. And (3) after the wheat seedlings are transplanted to a test field, watering the wheat seedlings, and covering fine soil around the wheat seedlings to prevent water from evaporating.
Digging out the cultivated strong seedlings from the test field in the green turning period of the wheat in the next year;
and (3) carrying out tillering on the excavated strong seedlings, and tillering the strong seedlings from the rhizosphere, wherein each 1-3 tillers form one cluster, and each cluster is provided with 3-5 fibrous roots, so that the multi-cluster branched wheat seedlings are obtained. After the tillered and transplanted wheat plant begins to tillere in spring, the rhizosphere is observed at any time, if new tillering nodes are exposed out of the ground surface, soil is immediately banked up, and the tillering nodes are buried in the soil and are in close contact with the soil, so that tillering in more spring is promoted. Besides genotype inheritance, the tillering number of wheat is influenced by various conditions such as water, fertilizer, illumination, temperature, agricultural measures and the like, and the tillering number is large under proper conditions. Theoretically, tillering is unlimited. One wheat seed can be used to cultivate hundreds of tillers, and more than 100 ears can be extracted.
Transplanting the clustered wheat seedlings into a test field respectively, and burying the tillering sections in soil; performing conventional field management until the wheat grains are mature and then harvesting. Specifically, fertilizing the test field before transplanting the clustered wheat seedlings to the test field, and transplanting the clustered wheat seedlings to the test field after fertilizing the soil fertility. After the soil fertility is fertilized, transplanting the clustered wheat seedlings into a test field and applying slow release fertilizer. Transplanting the clustered wheat seedlings into a test field respectively, performing conventional field management, bagging the wheat seedlings after ear emergence to realize selfing, and harvesting the kernels until the wheat seedlings are mature. The conventional field management comprises one-spraying three-proofing. The invented method is a key technical measure for preventing diseases and pests, preventing dry hot air, preventing lodging, increasing grain and weight and ensuring yield of wheat by spraying the mixed agent of insecticide, bactericide, plant growth regulator, leaf fertilizer and trace fertilizer in late growth stage of wheat.
The wheat single seed propagation method is simple and rapid, high in propagation rate and free of mixed risks, the propagation of the wheat single seed is achieved by means of tiller stripping, and the condition that more next generation seeds can be obtained from one wheat seed through one generation can be guaranteed, so that research needs are guaranteed.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A wheat single seed propagation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
in the wheat sowing period, germinating selected single wheat seeds in a culture dish padded with wet filter paper, and carrying out germination cultivation under laboratory conditions by using the culture dish until wheat seedlings with the height of 4-6 cm are formed in the culture dish;
transplanting the wheat seedlings into a test field, and culturing strong seedlings before winter;
digging out the cultivated strong seedlings from the test field in the green turning period of the wheat in the next year;
carrying out tillering on the excavated strong seedlings, and tillering the strong seedlings from the rhizosphere, wherein each 1-3 tillers form one cluster, and each cluster has 3-5 fibrous roots to obtain multiple clusters of branched wheat seedlings;
transplanting the clustered wheat seedlings into a test field respectively, and burying the tillering sections in soil; performing conventional field management until the wheat grains are mature and then harvesting.
2. The wheat single seed propagation method of claim 1, wherein the germination cultivation using a petri dish under laboratory conditions comprises:
germinating the selected single wheat seed in a culture dish padded with wet filter paper, keeping the filter paper wet after germination, and keeping the root tip with sufficient water all the time.
3. The wheat single seed propagation method of claim 1, wherein before transplanting the wheat seedlings to a test field, applying organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer to the test field, and after fertility is improved, transplanting the wheat seedlings to the test field.
4. The single-seed wheat propagation method according to claim 3, wherein the wheat seedlings are watered after being transplanted to a test field, and fine soil is covered around the wheat seedlings to prevent water from evaporating.
5. The wheat single seed propagation method according to claim 4, wherein after tillering of the transplanted wheat plant in spring, the rhizosphere is observed at any time, and if new tillering nodes are exposed out of the ground, the soil is immediately earthed up, so that the tillering nodes are buried in the soil and are in close contact with the soil, and further spring tillering is promoted.
6. The wheat single seed propagation method according to claim 1, wherein the clustered wheat seedlings are respectively transplanted to the test field before being fertilized, and the clustered wheat seedlings are respectively transplanted to the test field after being fertilized.
7. The wheat single seed propagation method according to claim 6, wherein after the soil fertility is increased, the clustered wheat seedlings are respectively transplanted into a test field and then the slow release fertilizer is applied.
8. The wheat single seed propagation method according to claim 1, wherein the clustered wheat seedlings are transplanted into a test field respectively, conventional field management is performed, and the wheat seedlings are bagged respectively after ear emergence to realize selfing until the wheat seedlings are mature.
9. The wheat single seed propagation method of claim 1, wherein the conventional field management comprises a three-spraying.
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| CN202010051571.3A CN111165285A (en) | 2020-01-17 | 2020-01-17 | Wheat single seed propagation method |
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| CN202010051571.3A CN111165285A (en) | 2020-01-17 | 2020-01-17 | Wheat single seed propagation method |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101779597A (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2010-07-21 | 西北农林科技大学 | Breeding method for inducing wheat physiological male sterility |
| CN105594431A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-25 | 长武县农业技术推广中心 | Method for natural generation-adding breeding of ariplain winter wheat |
| CN107493895A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-12-22 | 河南丰田种业有限公司 | Wheat mating system |
| CN108307953A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-07-24 | 济南市农业科学研究院 | A kind of quinoa greenhouse adds for hole plate seedling growth method |
| WO2019162863A8 (en) * | 2018-02-21 | 2020-10-01 | National University Corporation Tottori University | Endophyte screening |
-
2020
- 2020-01-17 CN CN202010051571.3A patent/CN111165285A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101779597A (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2010-07-21 | 西北农林科技大学 | Breeding method for inducing wheat physiological male sterility |
| CN105594431A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-25 | 长武县农业技术推广中心 | Method for natural generation-adding breeding of ariplain winter wheat |
| CN107493895A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-12-22 | 河南丰田种业有限公司 | Wheat mating system |
| WO2019162863A8 (en) * | 2018-02-21 | 2020-10-01 | National University Corporation Tottori University | Endophyte screening |
| CN108307953A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-07-24 | 济南市农业科学研究院 | A kind of quinoa greenhouse adds for hole plate seedling growth method |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
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| 北京市农业科学院: "《科学种田手册》", 31 January 1982, 北京出版社 * |
| 北京师范大学生物系生物化学教研室: "《基础生物化学实验》", 31 October 1982, 北京：高等教育出版社 * |
| 常宏: "《农作物种子生产技术》", 31 May 2008, 甘肃科学技术出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20200519 |