CN111155036B - 车辆用可变油泵的滑动件及其制造方法 - Google Patents
车辆用可变油泵的滑动件及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111155036B CN111155036B CN201911081673.3A CN201911081673A CN111155036B CN 111155036 B CN111155036 B CN 111155036B CN 201911081673 A CN201911081673 A CN 201911081673A CN 111155036 B CN111155036 B CN 111155036B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sintered body
- cooling
- sliding member
- temperature
- oil pump
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C14/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations
- F04C14/18—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
- B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1017—Multiple heating or additional steps
- B22F3/1028—Controlled cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
- B22F5/106—Tube or ring forms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy
- C22C33/0221—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy comprising S or a sulfur compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0264—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements the maximum content of each alloying element not exceeding 5%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/12—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps having other positive-displacement pumping elements, e.g. rotary
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C14/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations
- F04C14/18—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber
- F04C14/22—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber by changing the eccentricity between cooperating members
- F04C14/223—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by varying the volume of the working chamber by changing the eccentricity between cooperating members using a movable cam
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
- F04C2/30—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
- F04C2/34—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
- F04C2/344—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
- F04C2/30—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
- F04C2/34—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
- F04C2/356—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the outer member
- F04C2/3566—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the outer member the inner and outer member being in contact along more than one line or surface
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/02—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/35—Iron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2230/00—Manufacture
- F04C2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
- F04C2230/22—Manufacture essentially without removing material by sintering
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2240/00—Components
- F04C2240/80—Other components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
- F16C2204/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- F16C2204/64—Medium carbon steel, i.e. carbon content from 0.4 to 0,8 wt%
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
- F16C2204/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- F16C2204/70—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys with chromium as the next major constituent
Abstract
本发明提供一种车辆用可变油泵的滑动件的制造方法,该方法包括:使用预合金粉末来制备可变油泵的滑动件的成型体,该预合金粉末包括按照占全部成分重量的百分比(%)计,0.45至0.55%的碳(C)、2.8至3.2%的铬(Cr)、0.45至0.55%的钼(Mo)、0.35至0.5%的锰(Mn)、0.1至0.25%的硫(S)以及余量的铁(Fe)和不可避免的杂质;通过烧结成型体来制备烧结体;缓慢冷却烧结体,使烧结体的温度达到第一温度范围;以及当达到第一温度范围时,快速冷却烧结体。
Description
技术领域
本公开涉及一种车辆的油泵。
背景技术
发动机所需的油压根据每分钟转数(RPM)而不同。通常,油压呈抛物线形状。然而,现有的油泵提供直线形状的油压,这导致燃料效率损失约2%。
近来,为了提高燃料效率,逐渐采用了可变油泵,该可变油泵可以控制流入到泵中的油量。可变油泵是一种通过叶片(vane)或摆锤(pendulum)产生油压的装置,该叶片或摆锤由高铬(Cr)基材料制成并与滑动件内径接触。为了滑动件的耐磨性,对可变油泵进行蒸汽处理或硝化处理,但是在线路故障评估期间蒸汽层/硝化层剥离,因此需要一种应对恶劣条件的方法。
发明内容
本公开的实施例可以提供一种车辆用可变油泵的滑动件,该滑动件能够使用预合金粉末和改进的烧结硬化方法来提高尺寸精度。还公开了一种滑动件的制造方法。
本发明的其它方面将在下面的描述中部分地阐述,并且部分地将从描述中显而易见,或者可以通过实施本发明而获知。
根据本公开的一个方面,一种车辆用可变油泵的滑动件的制造方法包括:使用预合金粉末来制备可变油泵的滑动件的成型体,该预合金粉末包括按照占全部成分重量的百分比(%)计,0.45至0.55%的碳(C)、2.8至3.2%的铬(Cr)、0.45至0.55%的钼(Mo)、0.35至0.5%的锰(Mn)、0.1至0.25%的硫(S)以及余量的铁(Fe)和不可避免的杂质;通过烧结成型体来制备烧结体;缓慢冷却烧结体,使烧结体的温度达到第一温度范围;以及当达到第一温度范围时,快速冷却烧结体。
缓慢冷却烧结体使烧结体的温度达到第一温度范围可以包括:对烧结体进行炉冷却,使烧结体的温度达到830至870℃的范围。
当达到第一温度范围时快速冷却烧结体可以包括:当达到第一温度范围时,以2至3℃/s的冷却速度冷却烧结体,使烧结体的温度达到200至350℃的范围。
通过烧结成型体来制备烧结体可以包括:通过以1110至1160℃的烧结温度烧结成型体25至35分钟来制备烧结体。
通过烧结成型体来制备烧结体可以包括:使用氮气与氢气以8:2-9:1的氮氢比混合的气体来制备烧结体。
烧结体可以具有6.85至6.95g/cm3的整体密度。
根据本公开的另一方面,一种车辆用可变油泵的滑动件包括:按照占全部成分重量的百分比(%)计,0.4至0.6%的碳(C)、2.8至3.2%的铬(Cr)、0.45至0.55%的钼(Mo)、0.35至0.5%的锰(Mn)、0.1至0.25%的硫(S)以及余量的铁(Fe)和不可避免的杂质;以及作为微观组织的回火马氏体。
碳(C)的含量可以为0.45至0.55%。
滑动件可以进一步包括在芯部的作为微观组织的5%以下的贝氏体。
滑动件可以具有Hv0.3 550以上的表面硬度。
根据本公开的又一方面,一种可变油泵包括:转子;多个叶片,插入到在转子中形成的多个辐射通道中;以及滑动件,构造成在旋转运动时通过按压叶片来改变泵送量。
附图说明
从下面结合附图对实施例的描述中,本发明的这些和/或其它方面将变得清楚和更容易理解,其中:
图1是示出车辆用可变油泵的滑动件的示图;
图2A是示出根据公开的实施例的预合金的概念图,图2B是示出混合粉末的概念图;
图3A和图3B是示出根据公开的实施例的烧结过程和冷却过程的温度变化的曲线图;以及
图4是示出根据公开的实施例的车辆用可变油泵的滑动件的制造方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
在整个说明书中,相同的附图标记表示相同的元件。并不是本公开的实施例的所有元件将被描述,并且将省略对本领域中公知的或在实施例中彼此重叠的内容的描述。
将进一步理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包括”和/或“包含”时,指定存在所陈述的特征、整数、步骤、操作、元素和/或组件,但是不排除一个或多个其它特征、整数、步骤、操作、元素、组件和/或其组的存在或添加,除非上下文另外明确指出。
如本文所使用的,单数形式“一”、“一个”和“该”也旨在包括复数形式,除非上下文另外明确指出。
下面,将参照附图和表详细描述本公开的实施例。
图1是示出车辆用可变油泵的滑动件的示图。
参照图1,可变油泵包括:转子1,与转轴一起旋转以传递动力;多个叶片10,插入到在转子1中形成的多个辐射通道中,并沿径向方向移动;滑动件20,在旋转运动时通过按压叶片10来改变泵送量;以及壳体5。
根据公开的实施例的滑动件可以通过烧结硬化方法来制造。通常,诸如混合粉末的用于烧结硬化的材料在进行烧结硬化处理后对烧结硬化的材料的外形进行机械加工或表面处理。
机械加工是通过将塑性区的压力载荷施加到外形来校正产品尺寸的操作。
表面处理操作是通过将弹性区的压力载荷施加到外形以去除毛刺(burr)或改善表面质量而不是校正尺寸的操作。在这种情况下,每单位面积(cm2)的成型压力可以为6至7吨。
在诸如滑动件的复杂形状的情况下,由于尺寸效应而每个部位的冷却速度是不同的,因此由于马氏体相变导致的收缩和膨胀,外部尺寸的变化很大,需要进行机械加工。然而,由于滑动件的高强度,用于校正形状的载荷高,所以可能发生模具损坏等问题。另外,由于回弹量大,定型效果不明显,因此在一些情况下通过切割工艺来调整主要尺寸。另外,由于上述可变油泵的滑动件具有非对称形状和高尺寸精度,因此难以通过常规的烧结硬化工艺来控制尺寸。
公开的实施例提供了一种车辆用可变油泵的滑动件的制造方法,其中通过改进的烧结硬化方法,获得了具有优异的耐磨性的微观组织并且使尺寸变化最小化。
首先,根据公开的实施例的滑动件使用预合金粉末来增加外形的尺寸精度,从而省略了机械加工过程。图2A是示出根据公开的实施例的预合金的概念图,图2B是示出混合粉末的概念图。
根据公开的实施例的预合金粉末包括按照占全部成分重量的百分比(%)计,0.45至0.55%的碳(C)、2.8至3.2%的铬(Cr)、0.45至0.55%的钼(Mo)、0.35至0.5%的锰(Mn)、0.1至0.25%的硫(S)以及余量的铁(Fe)和不可避免的杂质。
当上述元素未达到相应的成分范围时,首先发生较大的尺寸变化,并且难以具有Hv3.0 550以上的硬度值。另外,当上述元素超出成分范围时,可成型性劣化,因此整体密度达不到目标水平,例如6.9。
预合金粉末具有比常规的烧结硬化粉末的合金成分更均匀的合金成分,因此在快速冷却过程中尺寸变化小。参照图2A,可以看出,根据公开的实施例的预合金粉末具有均匀分布在Fe粉末中的Cr-Mo成分或Ni-Mo成分。
例如,在预合金粉末中,以熔融状态测定Cr-Mo成分的含量。根据本公开,熔融状态的Cr成分的含量在2.95至3.05%的范围内,而粉末状态的Cr成分的含量在2.8至3.2%的范围内,偏差为5%。
然而,参照图2B,混合粉末具有混合或扩散到某些Fe基体中的邻近铁粉末表面的Cr、Mo、Ni、Cu和C成分,其中合金成分(Ni、Cu、Mo、Cr等)即使在烧结后也难以均匀地扩散在Fe基体中,从而在缓慢冷却时形成混合组织。如果长时间将烧结温度保持在1200℃以上,则合金成分可以均匀地扩散到Fe粉末中,但发生根据合金类型的收缩或膨胀,这导致尺寸控制困难。
根据公开的实施例的预合金粉末具有在烧结之前完全扩散的合金元素,并且在缓慢冷却时形成单一组织,因此烧结之后的尺寸变化非常小。
另一方面,整体密度越高,烧结前后的尺寸变化越大,因此,为了稳定地预测尺寸变化,成型体或烧结体的整体密度被限制在6.85至6.95g/cm3。此处,整体密度是指在不切割部件的情况下测量的密度值。
在根据公开的实施例的车辆用可变油泵的滑动件的制造方法中,将具有上述成分范围的预合金粉末成型为滑动件形状,并且烧结滑动件成型体以形成滑动件烧结体。
图3A和图3B是示出根据公开的实施例的烧结过程和冷却过程的温度变化的曲线图。
如上所述,可以使用预合金粉末来提高尺寸精度,并且可以使用根据公开的实施例的烧结硬化方法来进一步提高尺寸精度。
参照图3A,根据公开的实施例,在设定为1110至1160℃的温度范围的烧结炉中烧结由预合金粉末形成的成型体。根据示例性实施例,在约1120℃的温度下烧结25至35分钟,并且使用氮气与氢气以8:2-9:1的氮氢比混合的气体作为烧结气体。
根据公开的实施例50,与根据比较例40的现有烧结硬化方法不同,上述烧结过程之后没有立即进行快速冷却,而是通过炉冷却对烧结体进行缓慢冷却,直到烧结体的温度达到830至870℃的温度范围。当烧结体的温度达到830至870℃的温度范围时,以2至3℃/s的冷却速度将烧结体冷却至200至350℃(Mf点)。
进行这样的缓慢冷却以进一步细化通过在约1120℃的温度下进行的烧结过程而变得粗大的奥氏体组织,并且使用吹炼(blowing)来减少冷却时间。由于冷却吹炼部中的冷却能力受到限制,因此当在比比较例更低的温度下开始冷却时,冷却时间缩短,这使得烧结体的表面被迅速冷却至接近Mf温度的水平,从而尺寸变化减少到0.1%以内,提高了尺寸精度。
通常,在冷却时在Ms温度和Mf温度之间存在温度突变区间,因此在Ms温度之后通过Mf温度区间的时间取决于冷却开始温度。如在公开的实施例50中,当在相对于烧结温度降低约200至250℃的温度下开始冷却时,容易发生马氏体相变并且抑制残余奥氏体的形成。
另一方面,在Mf温度之后,冷却速度由于烧结体的芯部的潜热而降低,因此烧结体表面部分的快速冷却组织暴露在150至250℃的区间中的时间增加至一小时以上,从而可以获得回火效果。因此,可以省略或减少单独的回火过程。类似于机械加工过程,回火不是必不可少的过程。根据需要,可以在180至220℃的温度范围内进行回火一小时。
另一方面,当刚烧结后的冷却速度为2.4至3.0℃/s时,在整个滑动件上形成回火马氏体组织,当冷却速度为2.0至2.4℃/s时,在芯部形成回火马氏体组织和小于5%的贝氏体组织。
如上所述,烧结体由预合金粉末形成,并且在烧结之后,该烧结体不立即进行快速冷却过程而是进行缓慢冷却过程,然后随后进行快速冷却过程,从而可以提高尺寸精度,并且可以省略外形的机械加工过程。
通过上述过程制造的滑动件可以实现Hv0.3 550以上的表面硬度,并且更具体地,如下表1所示,实现Hv0.3 650的表面硬度。
下表1示出了示例性实施例和比较例的数据。
[表1]
比较例1表示烧结之后不立即进行缓慢冷却的常规的烧结硬化方法,比较例2的整体密度低,比较例5的整体密度高,其它比较例具有不同的成分范围。与比较例进行比较时,可以看出,以2.5℃/s的冷却速度进行冷却时比较例具有比本公开的实施例更大的滑动件外径变化。当滑动件外径尺寸变化的公差在±0.03以内时,需要加工不符合外径尺寸标准的产品。当将比较例的尺寸变化率换算成外径尺寸并且外径尺寸的标准为Φ65±0.03时,比较例1提供的外径尺寸为64.948,比较例2提供的外径尺寸为64.928,比较例5提供的外径尺寸为65.052,示例性实施例提供的外径尺寸为64.987。即,仅示例性实施例具有相对于外径尺寸65落入±0.03的公差范围内的结果,从而可以省略机械加工过程。
图4是示出根据公开的实施例的车辆用可变油泵的滑动件的制造方法的流程图。下面,将参照图4描述根据公开的实施例的车辆用可变油泵的滑动件的制造方法。
参照图4,使用预合金粉末形成成型体(100),烧结成型体(110),缓慢冷却烧结体(120),并且当烧结体的温度达到第一温度范围(130)时,快速冷却烧结体(140)。
根据公开的实施例的预合金粉末可以包括按照占全部成分重量的百分比(%)计,0.45至0.55%的碳(C)、2.8至3.2%的铬(Cr)、0.45至0.55%的钼(Mo)、0.35至0.5%的锰(Mn)、0.1至0.25%的硫(S)以及余量的铁(Fe)和不可避免的杂质。
预合金粉末具有比常规烧结硬化粉末的合金成分更均匀的合金成分,因此在快速冷却时尺寸变化较小。参照图2A,可以看出,根据公开的实施例的预合金粉末具有均匀分布在Fe粉末中的Cr-Mo成分或Ni-Mo成分。根据公开的实施例的预合金粉末具有甚至在烧结之前完全扩散的合金元素,因此在缓慢冷却时形成单一组织,从而烧结之后的尺寸变化非常小。
在车辆用可变油泵的滑动件的制造方法中,将具有上述成分范围的预合金粉末成型为滑动件形状,并且烧结滑动件成型体以形成滑动件烧结体。
根据公开的实施例,参照图3A,在设定为1110至1160℃的温度范围的烧结炉中烧结由预合金粉末形成的成型体。根据示例性实施例,在约1120℃的温度下烧结25至35分钟。使用氮气与氢气以8:2-9:1的氮氢比混合的气体作为烧结气体。除了上述混合气体以外,还可以使用氢气作为烧结气体,并且在没有烧结气体的情况下,即使在真空状态下也可以进行烧结。
当上述烧结过程完成时,烧结体通过炉冷却而缓慢冷却,直到烧结体的温度达到830至870℃的温度范围。当烧结体的温度达到830至870℃的温度范围时,以2至3℃/s的冷却速度将烧结体冷却至200至350℃(Mf点)。
进行这样的缓慢冷却以进一步细化通过在约1120℃的温度下进行的烧结过程而变得粗大的奥氏体组织,并且使用吹炼来减少冷却时间。由于冷却吹炼部中的冷却能力受到限制,因此当在比比较例更低的温度下开始冷却时,冷却时间缩短,这使得烧结体的表面被迅速冷却至接近Mf温度的水平,从而尺寸变化减少到0.1%以内,提高了尺寸精度。
另一方面,在Mf温度之后,冷却速度由于烧结体的芯部的潜热而降低,因此烧结体表面部分的快速冷却组织暴露在150至250℃的区间中的时间增加至一小时以上,从而可以获得回火效果。因此,可以省略或减少单独的回火过程。如上所述,烧结体由预合金粉末形成,并且在烧结之后,该烧结体不立即进行快速冷却过程而是进行缓慢冷却过程,然后随后进行快速冷却过程,从而可以提高尺寸精度,并且可以省略外形的机械加工过程。
从上面显而易见的是,车辆用可变油泵的滑动件的制造方法可以改善耐磨性和外部尺寸精度,从而可以省略用于尺寸校正的单独的机械加工过程。
另外,缩短了冷却区间,从而仅利用自身的潜热即可进行自回火。
尽管已经参照附图描述了本公开的实施例,但是本领域技术人员将理解的是,在不脱离本公开的技术思想或基本特征的情况下,可以容易地进行其它具体的修改。因此,在所有方面,前述实施例应被视为说明性的,而不是限制性的。
Claims (8)
1.一种车辆用可变油泵的滑动件的制造方法,所述方法包括:
使用预合金粉末来制备所述可变油泵的滑动件的成型体,所述预合金粉末包括按照占全部成分重量的百分比即%计,0.45至0.55%的碳(C)、2.8至3.2%的铬(Cr)、0.45至0.55%的钼(Mo)、0.35至0.5%的锰(Mn)、0.1至0.25%的硫(S)以及余量的铁(Fe)和不可避免的杂质;
通过烧结所述成型体来制备烧结体;
通过炉冷却缓慢冷却所述烧结体,使所述烧结体的温度达到830至870℃的第一温度范围;以及
当达到所述第一温度范围时,以2至3℃/s的冷却速度快速冷却所述烧结体,使所述烧结体的温度达到200至350℃的范围,
其中所述烧结体具有6.85至6.95g/cm3的整体密度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中制备所述烧结体包括通过以1110至1160℃的烧结温度烧结所述成型体25至35分钟来制备所述烧结体。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中制备所述烧结体包括:使用氮气与氢气以8:2-9:1的氮氢比混合的气体来制备所述烧结体。
4.一种车辆用可变油泵的滑动件,所述滑动件包括:
按照占全部成分重量的百分比即%计,0.4至0.6%的碳(C)、2.8至3.2%的铬(Cr)、0.45至0.55%的钼(Mo)、0.35至0.5%的锰(Mn)、0.1至0.25%的硫(S)以及余量的铁(Fe)和不可避免的杂质;以及
作为微观组织的回火马氏体,
其中所述滑动件通过缓慢冷却通过烧结成型体来制备的烧结体后快速冷却所述烧结体来制造,
所述缓慢冷却包括对所述烧结体进行炉冷却,使所述烧结体的温度达到830至870℃的第一温度范围,
所述快速冷却包括当达到所述第一温度范围时,以2至3℃/s的冷却速度冷却所述烧结体,使所述烧结体的温度达到200至350℃的范围,并且
所述烧结体具有6.85至6.95g/cm3的整体密度。
5.根据权利要求4所述的滑动件,其中碳(C)的含量为0.45至0.55%。
6.根据权利要求4所述的滑动件,进一步包括在芯部的作为微观组织的5%以下的贝氏体。
7.根据权利要求4所述的滑动件,其中所述滑动件具有Hv0.3 550以上的表面硬度。
8.一种可变油泵,包括:
转子;
多个叶片,插入到在所述转子中形成的多个辐射通道中;以及
根据权利要求4所述的滑动件,其中所述滑动件在旋转运动时通过按压所述叶片来改变泵送量。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR20180135875 | 2018-11-07 | ||
KR10-2018-0135875 | 2018-11-07 | ||
KR10-2019-0129621 | 2019-10-18 | ||
KR1020190129621A KR20200052823A (ko) | 2018-11-07 | 2019-10-18 | 차량용 가변 오일펌프의 슬라이드 및 그 제조방법 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN111155036A CN111155036A (zh) | 2020-05-15 |
CN111155036B true CN111155036B (zh) | 2023-01-24 |
Family
ID=70458440
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201911081673.3A Active CN111155036B (zh) | 2018-11-07 | 2019-11-07 | 车辆用可变油泵的滑动件及其制造方法 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11668298B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN111155036B (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102019217238A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112324534B (zh) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-08-03 | 湖南机油泵股份有限公司 | 一种移动增压式泵出口控制两级变量机油泵 |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4608317A (en) * | 1984-04-17 | 1986-08-26 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Material sheet for metal sintered body and method for manufacturing the same and method for manufacturing metal sintered body |
US5447800A (en) | 1993-09-27 | 1995-09-05 | Crucible Materials Corporation | Martensitic hot work tool steel die block article and method of manufacture |
SE0201824D0 (sv) | 2002-06-14 | 2002-06-14 | Hoeganaes Ab | Pre-alloyed iron based powder |
SE0401535D0 (sv) | 2004-06-14 | 2004-06-14 | Hoeganaes Ab | Sintered metal parts and method for the manufacturing thereof |
AT505698B1 (de) | 2007-09-03 | 2010-05-15 | Miba Sinter Austria Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung eines sinterhärtbaren sinterformteils |
KR20090097715A (ko) | 2008-03-12 | 2009-09-16 | 가야에이엠에이 주식회사 | 고강도 및 고인성을 가지는 철계 소결체 및 그 제조 방법 |
KR101063380B1 (ko) | 2008-07-07 | 2011-09-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 차량용 싱크로나이저 허브 및 그 제조방법 |
JP5389577B2 (ja) | 2008-09-24 | 2014-01-15 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 粉末冶金法による焼結体の製造方法 |
KR100966266B1 (ko) | 2009-11-16 | 2010-06-28 | (주)씬터온 | 소결경화된 분말금속부품의 제조방법 |
EP2800642B1 (en) | 2012-01-05 | 2020-07-01 | Höganäs AB (publ) | New metal powder and use thereof |
DE102013001246A1 (de) | 2013-01-25 | 2014-07-31 | Gkn Sinter Metals Holding Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Flügels für eine Flügelzellenpumpe, Flügel für eine Flügelzellenpumpe sowie Flügelzellenpumpe |
US20170130669A1 (en) | 2015-11-05 | 2017-05-11 | Hyundai Motor Company | Alloy powder composition for connecting rod and method of manufacturing connecting rod using the same |
JP6431012B2 (ja) | 2016-09-16 | 2018-11-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 耐摩耗性鉄基焼結合金の製造方法および耐摩耗性鉄基焼結合金 |
-
2019
- 2019-11-05 US US16/674,709 patent/US11668298B2/en active Active
- 2019-11-07 CN CN201911081673.3A patent/CN111155036B/zh active Active
- 2019-11-07 DE DE102019217238.5A patent/DE102019217238A1/de active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US11668298B2 (en) | 2023-06-06 |
CN111155036A (zh) | 2020-05-15 |
US20200141404A1 (en) | 2020-05-07 |
DE102019217238A1 (de) | 2020-05-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2780488B1 (en) | Nodular graphite cast iron and method for fabricating vane using the same | |
US5560787A (en) | Rolling bearing for high-speed rotation at high temperatures | |
JP4183346B2 (ja) | 粉末冶金用混合粉末ならびに鉄系焼結体およびその製造方法 | |
JP5763846B2 (ja) | 合金鋳鉄及びそれを用いたローリングピストンの製造方法 | |
EP2778243B1 (en) | Iron based sintered sliding member and method for producing the same | |
JPH055163A (ja) | 鉄基焼結材料 | |
KR101607744B1 (ko) | 슬라이딩 부재용 철기 소결 합금 및 그 제조 방법 | |
JP2019523822A (ja) | ターボ機械部品の製造方法、それによって得られる部品およびそれを備えたターボ機械 | |
CN105980590B (zh) | 钢合金及包含此类钢合金的组件 | |
CN111155036B (zh) | 车辆用可变油泵的滑动件及其制造方法 | |
CN104564683B (zh) | 一种真空泵转子 | |
AU677137B2 (en) | Process for producing heat-treated sintered iron alloy part | |
EP2253727A1 (en) | Powder for iron-based sintered alloy | |
JPH0610103A (ja) | 耐摩耗性、摺動性に優れたベーン材 | |
JP2009167477A (ja) | 焼結クラッチハブ、それ用の成形体及び同クラッチハブの製造方法 | |
JPS63143208A (ja) | 鉄系焼結部品の製造方法 | |
JP2004124244A (ja) | 高精度焼結カムロブ材 | |
JPH0561347B2 (zh) | ||
KR20200052823A (ko) | 차량용 가변 오일펌프의 슬라이드 및 그 제조방법 | |
CN107858604B (zh) | 一种高耐磨铁基粉末冶金内花键、离合器外罩及离合器 | |
JP3517916B2 (ja) | 熱処理鉄系焼結合金部品の製造方法 | |
JP2002322503A (ja) | 焼結鋼部品の製造方法 | |
JP2004143526A (ja) | 焼結歯車部品およびその製造方法 | |
JPS5931851A (ja) | 回転式圧縮機のベ−ン | |
JPH1150210A (ja) | 鉄系焼結合金部品およびその製造方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |