CN111149747B - Classified overwintering cultivation method for portunus trituberculatus - Google Patents
Classified overwintering cultivation method for portunus trituberculatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111149747B CN111149747B CN202010109837.5A CN202010109837A CN111149747B CN 111149747 B CN111149747 B CN 111149747B CN 202010109837 A CN202010109837 A CN 202010109837A CN 111149747 B CN111149747 B CN 111149747B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- crab
- overwintering
- portunus trituberculatus
- crabs
- fullness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for culturing portunus trituberculatus in a grading way, which belongs to the technical field of portunus trituberculatus culturing, and the method realizes the accurate identification of female portunus trituberculatus by establishing a 'crab spawn' plumpness accurate identification technology and establishing a 'crab spawn' plumpness standard, and then carries out the grading culture of overwintering temperature on the breeding crabs with different plumpness, thereby improving the overwintering survival rate, the egg-holding rate and the egg-holding quality of the 'crab spawn' unsaturated breeding crabs. Has obvious economic, social and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of portunus trituberculatus breeding, and particularly relates to a portunus trituberculatus graded overwintering breeding method.
Background
Portunus trituberculatus (Portunus trituberculatus) is an important marine economic animal, and has high economic value because of fast growth, large size and delicious meat flavor, is well popular with the public. Therefore, the method is gradually developed as a culture object in Jiangsu, Shandong, Fujian, Zhejiang and other places, the culture area is 50 ten thousand mu, the yield reaches 10 ten thousand tons, and the method becomes one of the leading varieties of marine culture in China. The crab spawn has rich nutrition and delicious taste, is the highest value part of the portunus trituberculatus, so that the price difference of the crab spawn is larger when the portunus trituberculatus is harvested and put into the market, the price of the full female crab of the crab spawn is 240 yuan/kg, the price of the unsaturated female crab spawn is 160 yuan/kg, and the price difference is 50%. The breeding research and the seedling production of the portunus trituberculatus require 12 months to collect the breeding crabs to overwinter, the overwinter in the next 3 months is finished, the breeding crabs with eggs are cultivated, and then the breeding seedlings of the breeding crabs are utilized to construct families and the like. During the indoor overwintering period, the natural water temperature is low, the portunus trituberculatus is basically in a hibernation state, the food intake is very small, the crab cream is full and the crab plumpness is high, the overwintering survival rate is high, the crab cream is not full and the crab plumpness is low, and the overwintering survival rate is poor; after overwintering is finished, the egg-carrying rate of the 'crab cream' full breeding crabs is high, the quality of egg masses is good, the quality and the yield of cultured seedlings are high, the egg-carrying rate of the 'crab cream' full breeding crabs is low, the quality of the egg masses is poor, and the quality and the yield of the cultured seedlings are low. In the process of breeding new species families of portunus trituberculatus for rapid growth, individuals with large specifications are generally selected for reservation, and the fullness of crab spawns of the individuals with large specifications is generally low. Therefore, the crab cream plumpness has important influence on the breeding and the seedling culture of the portunus trituberculatus. At present, the plumpness identification of the crab cream mainly depends on experience, less masters and inaccurate identification results seriously influence the breeding of the portunus trituberculatus and the breeding of the breeding crabs.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the fullness of the 'crab cream' of the portunus trituberculatus can not be accurately identified, the overwintering survival rate of the 'crab cream' of the unsaturated breeding crabs is low, the seedling yield is low and the like in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a graded overwintering cultivation method of the portunus trituberculatus, and the method realizes the accurate identification of the 'crab cream' of the female portunus trituberculatus by establishing the accurate identification technology of the fullness of the 'crab cream' and establishing the standard of the fullness of the 'crab cream', and then carries out the graded cultivation of the overwintering temperature on the breeding crabs with different plumpnesses, thereby improving the overwintering survival rate, the egg-holding rate and the egg-holding quality of the 'crab cream' of the unsaturated breeding crabs. Has obvious economic, social and ecological benefits.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a portunus trituberculatus graded overwintering cultivation method comprises the following steps:
1) selecting the breeding crabs: selecting Portunus trituberculatus mating female crabs as seed crabs in late 11 months, wherein the Portunus trituberculatus mating female crabs are complete in appendages, smooth in body surface, free of pathogen and with the weight more than or equal to 250 g;
2) the accurate crab spawn identification technology is established as follows: the LED strong-light flashlight is used for tightly attaching to the large thorns on the abdomen of the portunus trituberculatus to irradiate, the irradiated parts are observed from the back of the portunus trituberculatus, and the fullness of the crab spawns is accurately judged;
3) the 'crab spawn' fullness standard is established: dividing the crab spawn into low fullness, medium fullness and high fullness according to the proportion of the crab spawn filling illumination visual field; the low fullness can not see crab cream tissues in an illumination visual field, the high light of the LED can penetrate from the abdomen of the large spine of the portunus trituberculatus and can penetrate out from the back, the medium fullness can see the crab cream tissues in a partial area in the illumination visual field, and partial high light of the LED can penetrate from the abdomen of the large spine of the portunus trituberculatus and can penetrate out from the back; the whole illumination visual field is basically filled with crab cream tissues when the saturation degree is high, the crab cream tissues are close to the tips of the large spines, and almost no LED strong light penetrates from the abdomen of the large spines of the portunus trituberculatus and penetrates out of the back;
4) indoor overwintering: spreading 10-15cm of fine sand at the bottom of the indoor overwintering pond, sterilizing the overwintering pond and the seed crabs before the portunus trituberculatus crab seed crabs enter the pond, and feeding sterilized clamworms; the overwintering water temperature of the high-fullness blue crab species crab of crab spawn is 11 +/-0.5 ℃, and the feeding amount of clam worms in each day is 3-5 percent of the body weight; the overwintering water temperature of the full blue crab species in the crab spawns is 13 +/-0.5 ℃, and the feeding amount of clam worms in each day is 5-7 percent of the body weight; the overwintering water temperature of the crab spawn low-fullness portunus trituberculatus is 15 +/-0.5 ℃, and the daily clam worm feeding amount is 7-9% of the weight.
5) Spawning: and (3) gradually raising the water temperature of the overwintering pond to 21 +/-0.5 ℃ at the beginning of 3 months in the next year, culturing at a constant temperature, feeding sterilized clamworms with daily feeding amount of 10-15% of the body weight, and developing the portunus trituberculatus into egg-carrying breeding crabs.
Further, the LED strong light flashlight is 10W. The crab spawn can be seen clearly by the wattage;
if the wattage is higher, it is certainly more clear to see, but the irritation to the eye is too severe
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention establishes an accurate identification method for the fullness of the crab cream of the portunus trituberculatus, establishes the fullness standard of the crab cream of the portunus trituberculatus, adopts gradient temperature to finish overwintering of the breeding crabs according to the fullness level of the crab cream, and has obvious economic, social and social benefits. The method comprises the following specific steps: 1) the method obviously improves the crab spawn plumpness identification precision, is simple and easy to implement, can be mastered and applied by the public, and has obvious social benefits. 2) The survival rate of the over-wintering of the breeding crabs, the egg-holding rate and the egg-holding quality are obviously improved, the survival rate of the over-wintering of the breeding crabs is improved by 18-22%, the egg-holding rate of the breeding crabs is improved by 15-21%, and the method has obvious economic benefits. 3) The breeding efficiency of the portunus trituberculatus crabs is remarkably improved, for example, if the breeding character of the breeding portunus trituberculatus crabs dies in the overwintering and egg-holding period, the breeding character of the breeding portunus trituberculatus crabs can not be passed, so that the breeding fails, the overwintering survival rate, the egg-holding rate and the egg-holding quality of the breeding portunus trituberculatus crabs are greatly improved by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, and the breeding efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 "crab spawn" low fullness;
FIG. 2 shows the fullness of crab spawn;
FIG. 3 high fullness of "crab spawn".
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The accurate identification and application method of the crab cream of the portunus trituberculatus specifically comprises the following steps:
example 1
The breeding crabs are overwintering and cultivated according to the conventional method
1) Selecting the breeding crabs: in an outdoor culture pond in the beginning of 11 months, female crabs which have complete appendages, smooth and clean body surfaces, do not carry pathogens and have large specifications (more than or equal to 250g) are selected as breeding crabs; the detection of emulsive disease, vibriosis, ciliate disease and White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) can ensure that the crab does not carry the above-mentioned specific pathogen.
2) Identifying crab spawns: an LED (light-emitting diode) strong light (10W) flashlight is used for being tightly attached to a large spine of the crab abdomen to irradiate, the illumination position is observed from the crab back, the crab cream plumpness is accurately judged and divided into individuals with high plumpness, medium plumpness and low plumpness, and different marks are made on the skull and the breast by a white paint pen; wherein the low fullness can not see the crab cream tissue in the illumination visual field, as shown in fig. 1-3, the strong LED light penetrates from the abdomen of the blue crab eminence and penetrates out from the back, the medium fullness can see the crab cream tissue in partial area in the illumination visual field, and partial strong LED light penetrates from the abdomen of the blue crab eminence and penetrates out from the back; the whole illumination visual field is basically filled with crab cream tissues when the saturation degree is high, the crab cream tissues are close to the tips of the large spines, and almost no LED strong light penetrates from the abdomen of the large spines of the portunus trituberculatus and penetrates out of the back;
3) indoor overwintering of the breeding crabs: in the last ten days of the month 11, the crab seeds enter the pond for overwintering, the overwintering pond and the crab seeds need to be strictly disinfected before entering the pond, and the crab seed disinfection method comprises the following steps: 1-2g of povidone iodine per cubic water body is used for medicated bath for 15 minutes; the method for disinfecting the overwintering pond comprises the following steps: soaking in 0.5ppm chlorine dioxide solution for 12-24 hr, soaking in potassium permanganate solution for 1 hr, scrubbing the pool wall, gas-filled pipe, heating pipe, etc. with potassium permanganate solution, washing with fresh water, and air drying for 72 hr. Spreading fine sand 10-15cm below the overwintering pond, leveling the sand, and separating a large bait casting platform with 20-30% area near the water discharge port by using bricks.
After the crab seeds are put into the overwintering pond, the density is controlled to be 3-5 crabs per square meter; the illumination intensity is controlled below 500 lx; the bait is mainly bait for clamworm, and the feeding amount is 3-5% of the weight. Carrying out overwintering by adopting natural seawater with the water temperature of 11 +/-0.5 ℃; indoor overwintering lasts for 3-4 months.
4) Intensified breeding of the breeding crabs: in the 3 rd month of the next year, the water temperature of the overwintering pond is increased by 0.5 ℃ every day, when the temperature reaches 21 +/-0.5 ℃, constant-temperature culture is adopted, sterilized clamworm and other baits are fed, the feeding amount is 10-15% of the weight every day, and the seawater is natural seawater.
Example 2
The technical scheme of the invention is utilized to breed the crabs for overwintering and breeding
The selection method of the breeding crab is the same as that in the example 1, and the crab spawn identification of the breeding crab is the same as that in the example 1.
Indoor overwintering: the overwintering water temperature of a crab spawn high-fullness individual is 11 +/-0.5 ℃, and the feeding amount of clamworms per day is 3-5% of the crab weight; the overwintering water temperature of the individual full degree of crab spawn is 13 +/-0.5 ℃, and the feeding amount of clamworm is 5-7% of the crab weight every day; the overwintering water temperature of the crab spawn low-fullness individual is 15 +/-0.5 ℃, and the clam worm feeding amount per day is 7-9% of the crab weight. In other ten days of the same example 1 and 11, the crab seeds are put into the pool to live through the winter, and the overwintering pool and the crab seeds are strictly disinfected before entering the pool, wherein the crab seed disinfection method comprises the following steps: 1-2g of povidone iodine per cubic water body is used for medicated bath for 15 minutes; the method for disinfecting the overwintering pond comprises the following steps: soaking in 0.5ppm chlorine dioxide solution for 12-24 hr, soaking in potassium permanganate solution for 1 hr, scrubbing the pool wall, gas-filled pipe, heating pipe, etc. with potassium permanganate solution, washing with fresh water, and air drying for 72 hr. Spreading fine sand 10-15cm below the overwintering pond, leveling the sand, and separating a large bait casting platform with 20-30% area near the water discharge port by using bricks. After the crab seeds are put into the overwintering pond, the density is controlled to be 3-5 crabs per square meter; the illumination intensity is controlled below 500 lx; natural seawater is adopted for overwintering, and indoor overwintering lasts for 3-4 months.
Intensive breeding of the breeding crabs is the same as that in the example 1.
The overwintering and breeding effects of the crab seeds of the 2 embodiments are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 12 comparison of overwintering survival rate of the crab breeders of the examples
TABLE 22 comparison of the egg laying rate of the example crabs
Compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2 adopting the technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps: the overwintering survival rate of the breeding crabs is improved by 18-22%, the egg-carrying rate of the breeding crabs is improved by 15-21%, and the quality of egg blocks is obviously higher than that of the egg blocks in the example 1.
If 10000 crabs are bred in winter in the embodiment 2, more than 2000 crab spawns are obtained, and the economic benefit is improved by more than 80 ten thousand yuan. The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.
Claims (2)
1. A portunus trituberculatus graded overwintering cultivation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting the breeding crabs: selecting Portunus trituberculatus mating female crabs as seed crabs in late 11 months, wherein the Portunus trituberculatus mating female crabs are complete in appendages, smooth in body surface, free of pathogen and with the weight more than or equal to 250 g;
2) the accurate crab spawn identification technology is established as follows: the LED strong-light flashlight is used for tightly attaching to the large thorns on the abdomen of the portunus trituberculatus to irradiate, the irradiated parts are observed from the back of the portunus trituberculatus, and the fullness of the crab spawns is accurately judged;
3) the 'crab spawn' fullness standard is established: dividing the crab spawn into low fullness, medium fullness and high fullness according to the proportion of the crab spawn filling illumination visual field; wherein the crab spawn tissues cannot be seen in the low plumpness in the illumination visual field, and the LED strong light penetrates from the abdomen of the large spine of the portunus trituberculatus and is transmitted out from the back; the medium fullness can see that part of the area has crab cream tissues in the illumination visual field, and part of the LED strong light penetrates through the abdomen of the large spine of the portunus trituberculatus and is transmitted out from the back; the high fullness is that the whole illumination visual field is basically filled up by the 'crab cream' tissue which is close to the tip of the large spine, and almost no LED strong light penetrates from the abdomen of the large spine of the portunus trituberculatus and is penetrated out from the back;
4) indoor overwintering: spreading 10-15cm of fine sand at the bottom of the indoor overwintering pond, sterilizing the overwintering pond and the seed crabs before the portunus trituberculatus crab seed crabs enter the pond, and feeding sterilized clamworms; the overwintering water temperature of the high-fullness blue crab species crab of crab spawn is 11 +/-0.5 ℃, and the feeding amount of clam worms in each day is 3-5 percent of the body weight; the overwintering water temperature of the full blue crab species in the crab spawns is 13 +/-0.5 ℃, and the feeding amount of clam worms in each day is 5-7 percent of the body weight; the overwintering water temperature of the low-fullness portunus trituberculatus crab spawn crab of crab spawn is 15 +/-0.5 ℃, and the feeding amount of clam worms per day is 7-9 percent of the weight;
5) spawning: and (3) gradually raising the water temperature of the overwintering pond to 21 +/-0.5 ℃ at the beginning of 3 months in the next year, culturing at a constant temperature, feeding sterilized clamworms with daily feeding amount of 10-15% of the body weight, and developing the portunus trituberculatus into egg-carrying breeding crabs.
2. The method for staged overwintering cultivation of blue crabs according to claim 1, wherein the LED powerful flashlight is 10W.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010109837.5A CN111149747B (en) | 2020-02-23 | 2020-02-23 | Classified overwintering cultivation method for portunus trituberculatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010109837.5A CN111149747B (en) | 2020-02-23 | 2020-02-23 | Classified overwintering cultivation method for portunus trituberculatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111149747A CN111149747A (en) | 2020-05-15 |
| CN111149747B true CN111149747B (en) | 2021-07-27 |
Family
ID=70566196
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010109837.5A Active CN111149747B (en) | 2020-02-23 | 2020-02-23 | Classified overwintering cultivation method for portunus trituberculatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111149747B (en) |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4455976B2 (en) * | 2004-11-08 | 2010-04-21 | 東洋製罐株式会社 | Container filled with floating eggs and method for producing the same |
| CN101543191B (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2012-07-04 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for forecasting laying season of portunus trituberculatus |
| CN101796930B (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2012-07-04 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for promoting portunus trituberculatus females to quickly develop roe |
| CN103843976B (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-08-12 | 浙江省海洋开发研究院 | A kind of method promoting the female physical culture cream of Portunus trituberculatus Miers |
| CN104982362B (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-11-21 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of fast-growth breeding of new variety method of Portunus trituberculatus Miers |
| CN105613374A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-01 | 淮阴师范学院 | Male and female river crab separated pond culture method |
| CN106035164B (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2018-11-09 | 中国水产科学研究院下营增殖实验站 | A kind of method that northern area improves Portunus trituberculatus Miers seed rearing survival rate |
| CN108244008B (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2020-10-09 | 天津海升水产养殖有限公司 | Breeding method for parent blue crab synchronous oviposition |
| CN109258538B (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2020-08-14 | 邹圆圆 | Method for fattening wild portunus trituberculatus |
-
2020
- 2020-02-23 CN CN202010109837.5A patent/CN111149747B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111149747A (en) | 2020-05-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101720698B (en) | Method for distant hybridization of megalobrama amblycephala and erythroculter ilishaeformis | |
| CN101884314B (en) | Method for inter-subfamily distant hybridization of grass carp and megalobrama amblycephala | |
| JP5543583B2 (en) | How to cultivate orange scallop scallop | |
| CN102379254A (en) | Controllable synchronous brooding breeding method of cherax quadricarinatus | |
| CN101755699B (en) | Method for incubating brachymystax lenok seeds | |
| CN101317550A (en) | Artificial nursery stock growing method for hybridized mussel | |
| CN104642212A (en) | Artificial breeding method for onychostoma simus | |
| CN105918168B (en) | Exopalaemon carinicauda saline-alkali water artificial cultivating method | |
| CN109287539A (en) | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of red claw crayfish | |
| CN110226535A (en) | The artificial breeding technology of fine-scaled graphite | |
| CN109699537B (en) | Breeding method of stichopus japonicus artificial seedlings | |
| CN109220902A (en) | A kind of producing method for seed of hydrostatic pressing induction rainbow trout triploid | |
| CN109329122B (en) | Breeding method of improved Japanese white crucian carp and establishment method of strain thereof | |
| CN101658146A (en) | Salt tolerant breeding technology for tilapia | |
| CN102860273B (en) | Crossbreeding method of mud crab | |
| CN111657186B (en) | Method for cultivating natural gynogenesis megalobrama amblycephala | |
| CN106305522B (en) | A kind of artificial raise seedling method of more precious fishes | |
| CN111149747B (en) | Classified overwintering cultivation method for portunus trituberculatus | |
| CN104381169B (en) | A kind of Squaliobarbus curriculus is as the breeding method of mandarin fish anti-season breeding bait fish | |
| CN108617551A (en) | A kind of method of Ecological Fish Culture | |
| CN109496922A (en) | A kind of producing method for seed of hydrostatic pressing induction rainbow trout tetraploid | |
| CN113711953B (en) | Propagation and seedling raising method for hippocampus blossoming | |
| CN114467808A (en) | Large-scale preparation method of bighead carp grown from distant hybridization natural gynogenesis | |
| CN110881431A (en) | Sectional type high-yield breeding method for white shrimps | |
| CN106172095B (en) | Breeding method of large-size Yangtze river system river crab fine breeds |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |