CN103843976B - A kind of method promoting the female physical culture cream of Portunus trituberculatus Miers - Google Patents
A kind of method promoting the female physical culture cream of Portunus trituberculatus Miers Download PDFInfo
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- CN103843976B CN103843976B CN201310715394.4A CN201310715394A CN103843976B CN 103843976 B CN103843976 B CN 103843976B CN 201310715394 A CN201310715394 A CN 201310715394A CN 103843976 B CN103843976 B CN 103843976B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method promoting the female physical culture cream of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, the bait utilization of educating existing for cream method solving the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers of prior art is low, the problem that the crab physical culture cream cycle is long, method of the present invention comprises the following steps: (1) educates the selection in cream pond; (2) the sterilization rich water in cream pond is educated; (3) selection of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers; (4) input of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers; (5) cultivation of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers.Method step of the present invention is simple; be applicable to large-scale production; by the Optimal improvements to breeding technique condition, compound feed prescription and feedstuff feeding mode; the availability to manufactured feed can not only be promoted; that can also shorten Portunus trituberculatus Miers educates the cream cycle; make the red cream of Portunus trituberculatus Miers energy Rapid Accumulation, and red cream color is bright, the survival rate of Portunus trituberculatus Miers is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, especially relate to a kind of method promoting the female physical culture cream of Portunus trituberculatus Miers.
Background technology
Portunus trituberculatus Miers is the important seawater economic crab of China, has higher economic worth and nutritive value.Sexually matured female crab crust both sides are full of " red cream ", delicious flavour, and high nutritive value, likes by consumer deeply, and the female crab price therefore with red cream, also far above the price of the female crab or male crab without red cream, has higher economic worth.
Therefore, educating cream to female crab is improve the listing quality of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, the effective way of increase economic benefit.
Authorization Notice No. CN101796930B, the Chinese patent of authorized announcement date 2012.07.04 discloses a kind of promoting portunus trituberculatus females to quickly develop roe method, comprising: educate that cream pond prepares, female body is selected and put in a suitable place to breed, breeding environment condition, bait prepare, daily management and fish for listing.This weak point of educating cream method is: (1) seawater salinity is too high, and Portunus trituberculatus Miers food ration can reduce, and is unfavorable for educating cream; (2) manufactured feed and living bait is adopted alternately to throw something and feed, do not carry out screening to the kind of manufactured feed and content in the method and optimize, cause the availability of manufactured feed low, and the source of living bait is unstable, and inconvenience of throwing something and feeding, also can cause the pollution of water body, affect the survival rate of Portunus trituberculatus Miers; (3) the method is not improved bait feeding mode according to the nutritional need of three wart shuttles when crab educates cream, causes the availability of bait low, educates the cream cycle long (reaching 40 ~ 60 days).
Summary of the invention
The present invention is that the bait utilization of educating existing for cream method of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers in order to solve prior art is low, the problem that the crab physical culture cream cycle is long, provide a kind of method promoting the female physical culture cream of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, method step of the present invention is simple, be applicable to large-scale production, by to breeding technique condition, the Optimal improvements of compound feed prescription and feedstuff feeding mode, the availability to manufactured feed can not only be promoted, that can also shorten Portunus trituberculatus Miers educates the cream cycle, make the red cream of Portunus trituberculatus Miers energy Rapid Accumulation, and red cream color light, the survival rate of Portunus trituberculatus Miers is high.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
Promote a method for the female physical culture cream of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, comprise the following steps:
(1) selection in cream pond is educated
Adopt indoor water mud sump as educating cream pond, Chi Shui pH is 7.8 ~ 8.3, and salinity is 18 ~ 20 ‰, and the depth of water is 1 ~ 1.5m, dissolved oxygen>=5g/m
3, water temperature is 18 ~ 25 DEG C, ammonia nitrogen≤0.4mg/L, hydrogen sulphide≤0.1 mg/L, educates bottom cream pond and is covered with husky bed, and the thickness of husky bed is 8 ~ 10cm, and husky bed surface is long-pending accounts for pond floor space 1/3 ~ 1/2.Cream pond condition of educating of the present invention promotes that Portunus trituberculatus Miers educates the key point of cream speed, wherein, salinity controls 18 ~ 20 ‰, water temperature is 18 ~ 25 DEG C, the food ration of Portunus trituberculatus Miers can improve, and is conducive to the increase of body weight and the accumulation of nutriment, can shortens and educate the cream cycle, swimming crab has bores husky habit, and husky bed can supply its stable habitat.
(2) the sterilization rich water in cream pond is educated
Being put by Chi Shui after doing adopts thimerosal to carry out disinfection to educating cream pond, and use seawater flushing 2 ~ 3 times after sterilization, water inlet, executes ammonium carbonate 0.5 ~ 1Kg/ mu and superphosphate 0.05 ~ 0.1Kg/ mu, leaves standstill rich water 3 ~ 5 days, stand-by.Rich water, to make the algae normal growth of educating in cream pond, contributes to purifying water body, improves the survival rate of swimming crab.
(3) selection of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers
Select body weight >=200g, the Portunus trituberculatus Miers of first mating becomes the female body of crab as educating cream object, requires that the shell of female body is hard, appendage is complete, without wound, is quick on the draw, energetic.
(4) input of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers
Throw in the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers to educating in cream pond after rich water, throwing in density is 5 ~ 7/m
2.
(5) cultivation of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers
After the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers is thrown in, fasting in 1st ~ 2 days, the 3rd day starts manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding, wherein, 3rd ~ 7 days, throw something and feed once in dusk every day 17:00 ~ 18:00, the feeding volume that first time throws something and feeds is 2 ~ 3% of crab body weight, and when throwing something and feeding afterwards, feeding volume increases by 0.3 ~ 0.5% at every turn; 8th day starts, the morning 8:00 ~ 9:00 respectively throw something and feed once with at dusk 17:00 ~ 18:00, the morning, feeding volume was 1 ~ 3% of crab body weight, and feeding volume is 3 ~ 5% of crab body weight at dusk, threw something and fed continuously and within 4 ~ 5 days, stopped to feed 1 day, and circulation is thrown something and fed until form and fish for according to this; During cultivation, changed water 1/2 ~ 3/5 every 3 ~ 4 days.The present invention is according to the eating habit and the nutritional need that become crab, combine biological compensation mechanism again and adjusting and optimizing has been carried out to the mode of throwing something and feeding of feed and feeding volume, after Portunus trituberculatus Miers is thrown in, stress situation can be in because environment changes, food ration greatly reduces, if carry out throwing something and feeding feed at once after input, can produce a large amount of residual baits, cause the waste of bait, therefore the present invention forbids feeding in 1st ~ 2 days after Portunus trituberculatus Miers is thrown in; Within 3rd ~ 7 days, throw something and feed continuously, every day throws something and feeds once at dusk, and the feeding volume that first time throws something and feeds is 2 ~ 3% of crab body weight, when throwing something and feeding afterwards at every turn, feeding volume increases by 0.3 ~ 0.5%, to make Portunus trituberculatus Miers conform gradually and manufactured feed, and effectively ensures the availability of feed; 8th day starts, until Portunus trituberculatus Miers conform completely with manufactured feed after, utilize the hungry compensatory growth mechanism of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, the mode of being interrupted and throwing something and feeding is adopted while increase feedstuff feeding amount with number of times of throwing something and feeding, under the prerequisite improving efficiency of feed utilization, make the fast well-fattened weightening finish of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, accumulate enough nutriments, reach the state that the full meat of cream is full, shorten and educate the cream cycle.
As preferably, in step (2), the seawater of described thimerosal to be bleaching liquid concentration be 40 ~ 50ppm, the concrete steps of sterilization are: to educating after cream pond bleaching liquid concentration is the sea water immersion 30 ~ 40min of 40 ~ 50ppm, put dry.
As preferably, the temperature of soaking seawater is 5 ~ 10 DEG C.Soaking ocean temperature is 5 ~ 10 DEG C, and the mobility of swimming crab is poor at this temperature, can reduce the stress reaction that disinfecting process produces crab body, is conducive to improving the survival rate of Portunus trituberculatus Miers after throwing in.
As preferably, when throwing in the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers in step (4), the pond water temperature of educating cream pond is 5 ~ 10 DEG C, throws in and heats up 2 ~ 4 DEG C after-bay water day until 18 ~ 25 DEG C.The pond water temperature of educating cream pond controls at 5 ~ 10 DEG C, the stress reaction that when can reduce input, temperature causes the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, throw in and heat up 2 ~ 4 DEG C after-bay water day until 18 ~ 25 DEG C, time under the stress reaction prerequisite that less variations in temperature of trying one's best causes the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, the best making water temperature progressively return to the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers educates cream water temperature.
As preferably, in step (5), described manufactured feed is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: fish meal 20 ~ 25 parts, shrimp shell meal 5 ~ 10 parts, dregs of beans 5 ~ 8 parts, peanut meal 3 ~ 5 parts, brewer's yeast 3 ~ 5 parts, Strong flour 10 ~ 15 parts, corn flour 5 ~ 10 parts, soybean lecithin 1 ~ 3 part, 3 ~ 5 parts, fish oil, Choline Chloride 0.1 ~ 0.3 part, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1 ~ 3 part, butylated hydroxy anisole 0.01 ~ 0.03 part, dibutyl hydroxy toluene 0.01 ~ 0.03 part, tanimoto powder 3 ~ 5 parts, 5 ~ 10 parts, rosemary, Xue MingRosma rinus officinalis powder, educate paste 1 ~ 3 part, composite feeding promoting agent 1 ~ 3 part, compound vitamin additive 0.3 ~ 0.5 part, composite mineral matter additive 0.1 ~ 0.3 part.In manufactured feed of the present invention, soybean lecithin is mainly used in fortified feed nutrition and improves palatability; Tanimoto powder mainly as binding agent, the water-tolerant of feed; Rosemary, Xue MingRosma rinus officinalis powder can improve the anti-stress ability of crab body, and can promote digestion and metabolism, is conducive to the growth of crab body and the accumulation of nutriment, also has sedation, can avoid cutting one another's throat between swimming crab; Butylated hydroxy anisole and dibutyl hydroxy toluene coordinated, can improve the keeping quality of feed, can also prevent the inefficacy of bait; Educate the growth that paste can not only promote female body ovary, improve the content of crab cream in crab body, the quality of crab cream can also be improved, make the glow of crab cream glossy.The present invention is according to the digestion of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, nutrition physiology and nutritional need when educating cream, improvement is optimized to the formula of manufactured feed, improve palatability and the phagostimulating effect of feed, availability and the digestibility of manufactured feed are higher, be conducive to the food ration of the female body of raising Portunus trituberculatus Miers and educate cream speed, make it increase weight fast to fatten, crab cream content is high.
As preferably, described in educate paste and be made up of wolfberry fruit powder, carrot meal, clam worm powder and red worm powder, the mass percentage of educating each component in paste is: red worm powder 10 ~ 15%, clam worm powder 10 ~ 15%, wolfberry fruit powder 20 ~ 30%, carrot meal surplus.Red worm powder and clam worm powder contain abundant protein and fatty acid, can promote reaching maturity of female body ovary, make to have full crab cream in crab body; And the coordinated of wolfberry fruit powder and carrot meal, effectively can not only promote the wriggling of enteron aisle, improve crab body to the digestive utilization ratio of feed, can also strengthen the quality of crab cream, make its glow glossy, in addition, wolfberry fruit powder and carrot meal wide material sources, be easy to get, and cost is low.Paste cost of educating of the present invention is low, and easy to digest, can make to have full crab cream in crab body, and the glow of crab cream color is glossy.
As preferably, described composite feeding promoting agent is mixed by spirulina powder, albumen local flavor element and scallop powder, and the mass percentage of each component is: albumen local flavor element 5 ~ 10%, scallop powder 20 ~ 30%, spirulina powder surplus.In the present invention, composite feeding promoting agent is that to the palatability of manufactured feed, programmed screening designs according to Portunus trituberculatus Miers, each component in composite feeding promoting agent is natural materials, not only there is good phagostimulating effect, and easily digested and assimilated by crab body, play the effect of nutrition fortifier, further supplement the nutrition of crab body, especially the adding of spirulina powder, also can improve the local flavor of crab cream, make it more delicious.
As preferably, in compound vitamin additive described in every 1000g, containing 20 ~ 30g vitamin A, 3 ~ 5g vitamin D, 30 ~ 45g vitamin E, 5 ~ 8g Cobastab
1, 10 ~ 15g Cobastab
2, 5 ~ 8g Cobastab
3, 9 ~ 12g Cobastab
5, 9 ~ 12g Cobastab
6, 5 ~ 8g Cobastab
7, 2 ~ 5g Cobastab
11, 0.1 ~ 0.2g Cobastab
12, 60 ~ 70g inositol, 50 ~ 80g vitamin C, 2 ~ 8g vitamin K, all the other are wheat bran.
As preferably, in composite mineral matter additive described in every 1000g, containing 120 ~ 150g sodium chloride, 70 ~ 80g ferrous bisglycinate chelate, 20 ~ 25g zinc methionine, 20 ~ 25g magnesium glycinate, 10 ~ 15g Mn-Gly, 20 ~ 30g cupric glycinate, 5 ~ 10g cobalt methionine, 0.5 ~ 1g Potassiumiodate, sodium selenite 0.01 ~ 0.03g, all the other are zeolite powder.
Therefore; the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: step is simple; be applicable to large-scale production; by the Optimal improvements to breeding technique condition, compound feed prescription and feedstuff feeding mode, can not only promote the availability to manufactured feed, the survival rate of Portunus trituberculatus Miers is high; that can also shorten Portunus trituberculatus Miers educates the cream cycle; make the red cream of Portunus trituberculatus Miers energy Rapid Accumulation, and crab cream color glow in crab body is glossy, quality better.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
Promote a method for the female physical culture cream of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, comprise the following steps:
(1) selection in cream pond is educated
Adopt indoor water mud sump as educating cream pond, Chi Shui pH is 7.8, and salinity is 18 ‰, and the depth of water is 1m, dissolved oxygen>=5g/m
3, water temperature is 18 DEG C, ammonia nitrogen≤0.4mg/L, hydrogen sulphide≤0.1 mg/L, educates bottom cream pond and is covered with husky bed, and the thickness of husky bed is 8cm, and husky bed surface is long-pending accounts for pond floor space 1/3.
(2) the sterilization rich water in cream pond is educated
Chi Shui is put dry after adopt bleaching liquid concentration to be 40ppm, temperature is that the seawater of 5 DEG C is put dry to educating after 40min is soaked in cream pond, then use seawater flushing 2 times, water inlet, executes ammonium carbonate 0.5Kg/ mu and superphosphate 0.05Kg/ mu, leaves standstill 3 days, stand-by.
(3) selection of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers
Select body weight >=200g, the Portunus trituberculatus Miers of first mating becomes the female body of crab as educating cream object, requires that the shell of female body is hard, appendage is complete, without wound, is quick on the draw, energetic.
(4) input of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers
Throw in the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers to educating in cream pond after rich water, throwing in density is 5/m
2, the pond water temperature of educating cream pond during input is 5 DEG C, throws in and heats up 2 DEG C after-bay water day until 18 DEG C.
(5) cultivation of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers
After the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers is thrown in, fasting in 1st ~ 2 days, the 3rd day starts manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding, and wherein, 3rd ~ 7 days, throw something and feed once in dusk every day 17:00, the feeding volume that first time throws something and feeds was 2% of crab body weight, and when throwing something and feeding afterwards, feeding volume increases by 0.3% at every turn; 8th day starts, the morning 8:00 respectively throw something and feed once with at dusk 17:00, the morning, feeding volume was 3% of crab body weight, and feeding volume is 3% of crab body weight at dusk, threw something and fed continuously and within 5 days, stopped to feed 1 day, and circulation is thrown something and fed until form and fish for according to this; During cultivation, changed water 1/2 every 3 days.Manufactured feed is by fish meal, shrimp shell meal, dregs of beans, peanut meal, brewer's yeast, Strong flour, corn flour, soybean lecithin, fish oil, Choline Chloride, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, butylated hydroxy anisole, dibutyl hydroxy toluene, tanimoto powder, rosemary, Xue MingRosma rinus officinalis powder, educate paste, composite feeding promoting agent, compound vitamin additive and composite mineral matter additive are made, in manufactured feed, the concrete proportioning of each raw material is as shown in table 1, the concrete formula of wherein educating paste is as shown in table 2, the concrete proportioning of composite feeding promoting agent is as shown in table 3, the concrete formula of compound vitamin additive is as shown in table 4, the concrete formula of composite mineral matter additive is as shown in table 5.
Embodiment 2
Promote a method for the female physical culture cream of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, comprise the following steps:
(1) selection in cream pond is educated
Adopt indoor water mud sump as educating cream pond, Chi Shui pH is 8.0, and salinity is 19 ‰, and the depth of water is 1.3m, dissolved oxygen>=5g/m
3, water temperature is 22 DEG C, ammonia nitrogen≤0.4mg/L, hydrogen sulphide≤0.1 mg/L, educates bottom cream pond and is covered with husky bed, and the thickness of husky bed is 9cm, and husky bed surface is long-pending accounts for pond floor space 2/5.
(2) the sterilization rich water in cream pond is educated
Chi Shui is put dry after adopt bleaching liquid concentration to be 45ppm, temperature is that the seawater of 6 DEG C is put dry to educating after 35min is soaked in cream pond, then use seawater flushing 3 times, water inlet, executes ammonium carbonate 0.8Kg/ mu and superphosphate 0.08Kg/ mu, leaves standstill 4 days, stand-by.
(3) selection of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers
Select body weight >=200g, the Portunus trituberculatus Miers of first mating becomes the female body of crab as educating cream object, requires that the shell of female body is hard, appendage is complete, without wound, is quick on the draw, energetic.
(4) input of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers
Throw in the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers to educating in cream pond after rich water, throwing in density is 6/m
2, the pond water temperature of educating cream pond during input is 6 DEG C, throws in and heats up 3 DEG C after-bay water day until 22 DEG C.
(5) cultivation of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers
After the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers is thrown in, fasting in 1st ~ 2 days, the 3rd day starts manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding, and wherein, 3rd ~ 7 days, throw something and feed once in dusk every day 17:30, the feeding volume that first time throws something and feeds was 2.5% of crab body weight, and when throwing something and feeding afterwards, feeding volume increases by 0.4% at every turn; 8th day starts, the morning 8:30 respectively throw something and feed once with at dusk 17:30, the morning, feeding volume was 2% of crab body weight, and feeding volume is 4% of crab body weight at dusk, threw something and fed continuously and within 4 days, stopped to feed 1 day, and circulation is thrown something and fed until form and fish for according to this; During cultivation, changed water 11/20 every 3 days.Manufactured feed is by fish meal, shrimp shell meal, dregs of beans, peanut meal, brewer's yeast, Strong flour, corn flour, soybean lecithin, fish oil, Choline Chloride, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, butylated hydroxy anisole, dibutyl hydroxy toluene, tanimoto powder, rosemary, Xue MingRosma rinus officinalis powder, educate paste, composite feeding promoting agent, compound vitamin additive and composite mineral matter additive are made, in manufactured feed, the concrete proportioning of each raw material is as shown in table 1, the concrete formula of wherein educating paste is as shown in table 2, the concrete proportioning of composite feeding promoting agent is as shown in table 3, the concrete formula of compound vitamin additive is as shown in table 4, the concrete formula of composite mineral matter additive is as shown in table 5.
Embodiment 3
Promote a method for the female physical culture cream of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, comprise the following steps:
(1) selection in cream pond is educated
Adopt indoor water mud sump as educating cream pond, Chi Shui pH is 8.3, and salinity is 20 ‰, and the depth of water is 1.5m, dissolved oxygen>=5g/m
3, water temperature is 25 DEG C, ammonia nitrogen≤0.4mg/L, hydrogen sulphide≤0.1 mg/L, educates bottom cream pond and is covered with husky bed, and the thickness of husky bed is 10cm, and husky bed surface is long-pending accounts for pond floor space 1/2.
(2) the sterilization rich water in cream pond is educated
Chi Shui is put dry after adopt bleaching liquid concentration to be 50ppm, temperature is that the seawater of 10 DEG C is put dry to educating after 30min is soaked in cream pond, then use seawater flushing 3 times, water inlet, executes ammonium carbonate 1Kg/ mu and superphosphate 0.1Kg/ mu, leaves standstill 5 days, stand-by.
(3) selection of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers
Select body weight >=200g, the Portunus trituberculatus Miers of first mating becomes the female body of crab as educating cream object, requires that the shell of female body is hard, appendage is complete, without wound, is quick on the draw, energetic.
(4) input of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers
Throw in the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers to educating in cream pond after rich water, throwing in density is 7/m
2, the pond water temperature of educating cream pond during input is 10 DEG C, throws in and heats up 4 DEG C after-bay water day until 25 DEG C.
(5) cultivation of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers
After the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers is thrown in, fasting in 1st ~ 2 days, the 3rd day starts manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding, and wherein, 3rd ~ 7 days, throw something and feed once in dusk every day 18:00, the feeding volume that first time throws something and feeds was 3% of crab body weight, and when throwing something and feeding afterwards, feeding volume increases by 0.5% at every turn; 8th day starts, the morning 9:00 respectively throw something and feed once with at dusk 18:00, the morning, feeding volume was 1% of crab body weight, and feeding volume is 5% of crab body weight at dusk, threw something and fed continuously and within 4 days, stopped to feed 1 day, and circulation is thrown something and fed until form and fish for according to this; During cultivation, changed water 3/5 every 4 days.Manufactured feed is by fish meal, shrimp shell meal, dregs of beans, peanut meal, brewer's yeast, Strong flour, corn flour, soybean lecithin, fish oil, Choline Chloride, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, butylated hydroxy anisole, dibutyl hydroxy toluene, tanimoto powder, rosemary, Xue MingRosma rinus officinalis powder, educate paste, composite feeding promoting agent, compound vitamin additive and composite mineral matter additive are made, in manufactured feed, the concrete proportioning of each raw material is as shown in table 1, the concrete formula of wherein educating paste is as shown in table 2, the concrete proportioning of composite feeding promoting agent is as shown in table 3, the concrete formula of compound vitamin additive is as shown in table 4, the concrete formula of composite mineral matter additive is as shown in table 5.
The concrete proportioning of each raw material of table 1 each embodiment manufactured feed
| Raw material | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Fish meal (Kg) | 20 | 22 | 25 |
| Shrimp shell meal (Kg) | 10 | 7 | 5 |
| Dregs of beans (Kg) | 8 | 6 | 5 |
| Peanut meal (Kg) | 5 | 4 | 6 |
| Brewer's yeast (Kg) | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Strong flour (Kg) | 10 | 15 | 12 |
| Corn flour (Kg) | 5 | 10 | 7 |
| Soybean lecithin (Kg) | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Fish oil (Kg) | 3 | 5 | 4 |
| Choline Chloride (Kg) | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.3 |
| Calcium dihydrogen phosphate (Kg) | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| Butylated hydroxy anisole (Kg) | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Dibutyl hydroxy toluene (Kg) | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.02 |
| Tanimoto powder (Kg) | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Rosemary, Xue MingRosma rinus officinalis powder (Kg) | 5 | 10 | 7 |
| Educate paste (Kg) | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Composite feeding promoting agent (Kg) | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| Compound vitamin additive (Kg) | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 |
| Composite mineral matter additive (Kg) | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
The each embodiment of table 2 educates the concrete formula of paste
| Component | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Wolfberry fruit powder (%) | 25 | 20 | 30 |
| Carrot meal (%) | 50 | 56 | 55 |
| Clam worm powder (%) | 15 | 12 | 10 |
| Red worm powder (%) | 10 | 12 | 15 |
The concrete formula of table 3 each embodiment composite feeding promoting agent
| Component | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Spirulina powder (%) | 30 | 20 | 25 |
| Local flavor albumin (%) | 5 | 7 | 10 |
| Scallop powder (%) | 65 | 73 | 65 |
The concrete formula of table 4 each embodiment compound vitamin additive
| Component | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Vitamin A (g/1000g) | 22 | 20 | 30 |
| Vitamin D (g/1000g) | 4 | 3 | 5 |
| Vitamin E (g/1000g) | 30 | 38 | 45 |
| Vitamin B1 (g/1000g) | 8 | 7 | 5 |
| Vitamin B2 (g/1000g) | 12 | 15 | 10 |
| Vitamin B3 (g/1000g) | 5 | 8 | 7 |
| Vitamin B5 (g/1000g) | 12 | 9 | 11 |
| Vitamin B6 (g/1000g) | 9 | 10 | 12 |
| VB7 (g/1000g) | 8 | 7 | 5 |
| VB11 (g/1000g) | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| Cobalamin (g/1000g) | 0.15 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| Inositol (g/1000g) | 60 | 65 | 70 |
| Vitamin C (g/1000g) | 70 | 80 | 50 |
| Vitamin K (g/1000g) | 2 | 8 | 3 |
| Wheat bran (g/1000g) | 752.85 | 726.8 | 744.9 |
The concrete formula of table 5 each embodiment composite mineral matter additive
| Component | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Sodium chloride (g/1000g) | 120 | 130 | 150 |
| Ferrous bisglycinate chelate (g/1000g) | 70 | 80 | 75 |
| Zinc methionine (g/1000g) | 22 | 25 | 20 |
| Magnesium glycinate (g/1000g) | 25 | 22 | 20 |
| Mn-Gly (g/1000g) | 10 | 12 | 15 |
| Cupric glycinate (g/1000g) | 20 | 25 | 30 |
| Cobalt methionine (g/1000g) | 10 | 8 | 5 |
| Potassiumiodate (g/1000g) | 1 | 0.5 | 0.7 |
| Sodium selenite (g/1000g) | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.03 |
| Zeolite powder (g/1000g) | 721.99 | 697.48 | 684.27 |
Method of the present invention is adopted to educate cream to the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, the survival rate more than 94% of swimming crab, through 15 ~ 20 days educate cream and can fish for listing, now ripe in the female body shell of Portunus trituberculatus Miers ovary has been full of carapace to sawtooth, cream accounts for 80 ~ 90%, color glow, quality better.
Above-described embodiment is one of the present invention preferably scheme, not does any pro forma restriction to the present invention, also has other variant and remodeling under the prerequisite not exceeding the technical scheme described in claim.
Claims (3)
1. promote a method for the female physical culture cream of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) selection in cream pond is educated
Adopt indoor water mud sump as educating cream pond, Chi Shui pH is 7.8 ~ 8.3, and salinity is 18 ~ 20 ‰, and the depth of water is 1 ~ 1.5m, dissolved oxygen>=5g/m
3, water temperature is 18 ~ 25 DEG C, ammonia nitrogen≤0.4mg/L, hydrogen sulphide≤0.1 mg/L, educates bottom cream pond and is covered with husky bed, and the thickness of husky bed is 8 ~ 10cm, and husky bed surface is long-pending accounts for pond floor space 1/3 ~ 1/2;
(2) the sterilization rich water in cream pond is educated
Being put by Chi Shui after doing adopts thimerosal to carry out disinfection to educating cream pond, and use seawater flushing 2 ~ 3 times after sterilization, water inlet, executes ammonium carbonate 0.5 ~ 1kg/ mu and superphosphate 0.05 ~ 0.1kg/ mu, leaves standstill 3 ~ 5 days, stand-by;
(3) selection of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers
Select body weight >=200g, the Portunus trituberculatus Miers of first mating becomes the female body of crab as educating cream object, requires that the shell of female body is hard, appendage is complete, without wound, is quick on the draw, energetic;
(4) input of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers
Throw in the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers to educating in cream pond after rich water, throwing in density is 5 ~ 7/m
2, when throwing in the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, the pond water temperature of educating cream pond is 5 ~ 10 DEG C, throws in and heats up 2 ~ 4 DEG C after-bay water day until 18 ~ 25 DEG C;
(5) cultivation of the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers
After the female body of Portunus trituberculatus Miers is thrown in, fasting in 1st ~ 2 days, the 3rd day starts manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding, wherein, 3rd ~ 7 days, throw something and feed once in dusk every day 17:00 ~ 18:00, the feeding volume that first time throws something and feeds is 2 ~ 3% of crab body weight, and when throwing something and feeding afterwards, feeding volume increases by 0.3 ~ 0.5% at every turn, 8th day starts, the morning 8:00 ~ 9:00 respectively throw something and feed once with at dusk 17:00 ~ 18:00, the morning, feeding volume was 1 ~ 3% of crab body weight, and feeding volume is 3 ~ 5% of crab body weight at dusk, threw something and fed continuously and within 4 ~ 5 days, stopped to feed 1 day, and circulation is thrown something and fed until form and fish for according to this, during cultivation, water 1/2 ~ 3/5 is changed every 3 ~ 4 days, described manufactured feed is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: fish meal 20 ~ 25 parts, shrimp shell meal 5 ~ 10 parts, dregs of beans 5 ~ 8 parts, peanut meal 3 ~ 5 parts, brewer's yeast 3 ~ 5 parts, Strong flour 10 ~ 15 parts, corn flour 5 ~ 10 parts, soybean lecithin 1 ~ 3 part, 3 ~ 5 parts, fish oil, Choline Chloride 0.1 ~ 0.3 part, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1 ~ 3 part, butylated hydroxy anisole 0.01 ~ 0.03 part, dibutyl hydroxy toluene 0.01 ~ 0.03 part, tanimoto powder 3 ~ 5 parts, 5 ~ 10 parts, rosemary, Xue MingRosma rinus officinalis powder, educate paste 1 ~ 3 part, composite feeding promoting agent 1 ~ 3 part, compound vitamin additive 0.3 ~ 0.5 part, composite mineral matter additive 0.1 ~ 0.3 part, wherein said paste of educating is by wolfberry fruit powder, carrot meal, clam worm powder and red worm powder composition, the mass percentage of educating each component in paste is: red worm powder 10 ~ 15%, clam worm powder 10 ~ 15%, wolfberry fruit powder 20 ~ 30%, carrot meal surplus, described composite feeding promoting agent is mixed by spirulina powder, albumen local flavor element and scallop powder, and the mass percentage of each component is: albumen local flavor element 5 ~ 10%, scallop powder 20 ~ 30%, spirulina powder surplus, in compound vitamin additive described in every 1000g, containing 20 ~ 30g vitamin A, 3 ~ 5g vitamin D, 30 ~ 45g vitamin E, 5 ~ 8g Cobastab
1, 10 ~ 15g Cobastab
2, 5 ~ 8g Cobastab
3, 9 ~ 12g Cobastab
5, 9 ~ 12g Cobastab
6, 5 ~ 8g Cobastab
7, 2 ~ 5g Cobastab
11, 0.1 ~ 0.2g Cobastab
12, 60 ~ 70g inositol, 50 ~ 80g vitamin C, 2 ~ 8g vitamin K, all the other are wheat bran, in composite mineral matter additive described in every 1000g, containing 120 ~ 150g sodium chloride, 70 ~ 80g ferrous bisglycinate chelate, 20 ~ 25g zinc methionine, 20 ~ 25g magnesium glycinate, 10 ~ 15g Mn-Gly, 20 ~ 30g cupric glycinate, 5 ~ 10g cobalt methionine, 0.5 ~ 1g Potassiumiodate, sodium selenite 0.01 ~ 0.03g, all the other are zeolite powder.
2. a kind of method promoting the female physical culture cream of Portunus trituberculatus Miers according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (2), the seawater of described thimerosal to be bleaching liquid concentration be 40 ~ 50ppm, the concrete steps of sterilization are: to educating after cream pond bleaching liquid concentration is the sea water immersion 30 ~ 40min of 40 ~ 50ppm, put dry.
3. a kind of method promoting the female physical culture cream of Portunus trituberculatus Miers according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the temperature of soaking seawater is 5 ~ 10 DEG C.
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| CN111149747B (en) * | 2020-02-23 | 2021-07-27 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Classified overwintering cultivation method for portunus trituberculatus |
| CN111436391B (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2022-03-04 | 宁波大学 | Domestication method for enabling scylla paramamosain fries to adapt to saline-alkali soil water area culture |
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| CN101569376A (en) * | 2009-06-01 | 2009-11-04 | 浙江金大地饲料有限公司 | Expanded sinking formula feed suitable for sea crabs to ingest and method for preparing same |
| CN101790965A (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2010-08-04 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Artificial culture method for Portunus trituberculatus |
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| CN102119675A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-07-13 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for cultivating portunus pelagicus |
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| CN101569376A (en) * | 2009-06-01 | 2009-11-04 | 浙江金大地饲料有限公司 | Expanded sinking formula feed suitable for sea crabs to ingest and method for preparing same |
| CN101796930A (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2010-08-11 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for promoting portunus trituberculatus females to quickly develop roe |
| CN101790965A (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2010-08-04 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Artificial culture method for Portunus trituberculatus |
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