CN106305522B - A kind of artificial raise seedling method of more precious fishes - Google Patents
A kind of artificial raise seedling method of more precious fishes Download PDFInfo
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- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 75
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 16
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940090044 injection Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XNOPRXBHLZRZKH-MQYCRUOZSA-N oxytocin Chemical compound C([C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@H](N)C(=O)N1)C(=O)N1C(CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(N)=O)=O)[C@@H](C)CC)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 XNOPRXBHLZRZKH-MQYCRUOZSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940082408 oxytocin injection Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000019827 double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
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- 201000010653 vesiculitis Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of artificial raise seedling methods of more precious fishes, comprising: farm's foundation, water treatment, parent population is tamed, parent population feeds intake, artificial insemination, incubating oosperm, fry raising, final-period management.The artificial raise seedling method of more precious fishes provided by the invention carries out sublevel segment management, fertilization rate reached 94% to parent population and hatching fry, and hatching rate reaches 83%, and for survival rate up to 42%, income improves 22.7%；Parent population is tamed, and promotes in batches mature, and convenient for management, parent population is hastened parturition and artificial insemination, improves reproduction cell quality, and when hatching controls optimum condition, significantly improves fertility rate and hatchability；Hatching fry is managed cultivation by stages, enhances fry disease resistance, hence it is evident that improves survival rate；Parent population and fry feed artifical compound feed by several times, keep quantity of exchanged water, are simple and efficient, and guarantee forage compounding science, strengthen immunity, and enhancing development keeps water quality limpid, inhibit pathogenic microorganism breeding.
Description
Technical field
The invention mainly relates to cultural technique field more particularly to a kind of artificial raise seedling methods of more precious fishes.
Background technique
More treasured fishes, are commonly called as brill, claim " Duo Baoyu " in China.European Atlantic Oceanic Region is originated in, is drawn within 1992
Into China, the important breed variety of Northern Coastal Region of China is become.Under more treasured fish-skins and the colloid rich in of fin side, in vivo
No ossiculum scarifies, and visceral mass is small, and dressing percentage is high, and muscle is abundant delicate, delicious flavour, can steam in clear soup, stew in clear soup, does raw fish, does
Soup, it is full of nutrition, it is often edible, can beautifying face and moistering lotion, kidney-tonifying and brain tonic protects cardiovascular and cerebrovascular, improves eyesight, supporing yang to refresh oneself, and grows
Body-building is mended, immunity is improved.
As favor degree of the people to more precious fishes is higher and higher, cultivation scale is also constantly expanding, to the demand of fry
Also increasing, and in the reproduction technique of precious fishes more at present, rate of fertilization is low, and hatching rate is low, and adaptive capacity to environment is poor, therefore,
The survival rate of fry is also very low, completes Zi hatching to metamorphosis, and survival rate can only achieve 20 ~ 25%, to the cultivation peasant household band of more precious fishes
Carry out very huge economic loss, market needs a kind of high-efficiency artificial method for culturing seedlings of more precious fishes.
Summary of the invention
In order to make up the defect of prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of artificial raise seedling methods of more precious fishes.
A kind of artificial raise seedling method of more precious fishes, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) farm establishes: selection is sunny, have a good transport service, water source is convenient, region far from pollution, establishes cultivation
, the parent population aquaculture pond that length is 6 ~ 8m, width is 5 ~ 6m, depth is 1.5 ~ 1.7m is set up in farm, parent population aquaculture pond
Inlet and outlet are arranged in bottom of pond edge, control light, temperature control, control oxygen and the wet equipment of control are set up in farm, convenient for accurate control
Cultivating condition processed；
(2) water treatment: parent population enters before pond 10 ~ 12 hours, meets national fishery water quality secondary standard from water inlet addition
Water, adjusting temperature in farm is 8 ~ 9 DEG C, and the dissolved oxygen amount of water is 9 ~ 10mg/L, and salinity is 30 ~ 32, pH7.9 ~ 8.1, ammonia nitrogen
Content is 0.03 ~ 0.05mg/L, and water exchange capacity is 4 ~ 5 full dose/days, keeps the best growing condition of parent population；
(3) parent population is tamed: according to quantity than female: ratio selection in hero=1:2 ~ 3 is physical strong, disease-free and injury-free, energy is strong
Parent population, male and female parent population is point pool cultivated, and breeding density is 2 tails/m2, 1 ~ 3 day put in a suitable place to breed, water temperature is 10 ~ 11 DEG C, intensity of illumination
It is illumination 1 hour, 3 hours dark for 100 ~ 150lx；4 ~ 9 days, water temperature was 12 ~ 14 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 200 ~ 250lx, illumination 2
Hour, it is 4 hours dark；10 ~ 16 days, water temperature was 15 ~ 16 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 300 ~ 400lx, illumination 4 hours, 4 hours dark；
17 ~ 25 days, water temperature was 17 ~ 18 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 500 ~ 600lx, illumination 4 hours, 2 hours dark；After 26 days, water temperature is
19 ~ 20 DEG C, intensity of illumination is 500 ~ 600lx, and illumination 5 hours, 1 hour dark, Gradual scene change condition, enhancing parent population adapts to
Property, parent population can be made in batches mature after 40 days；
(4) parent population feeds intake: day inventory is the 1.4 ~ 1.6% of parent population weight, morning 5:30 ~ 6:30, inventory feeds intake for day
Amount 25 ~ 30%, afternoon 16:30 ~ 17:30, inventory be day inventory 20 ~ 25%, evening 21:00 ~ 22:00 feeds remaining
Feed improves water quality and efficiency of feed utilization；
(5) artificial insemination: water temperature is adjusted to 12 ~ 14 DEG C by first 22 ~ 24 hours of oviposition, is divided to two needles to parent population oxytocin injection,
Shorten reproduction cell efflux time, improves reproduction cell quality and take milter seminal vesicle after the second needle is injected 10 ~ 12 hours, obtain
Sperm squeezes rapidly the ovum for taking raun, mixes with sperm, adds the salting liquid that salinity is 27 ~ 29, volume ratio is ovum: essence
Liquid: salting liquid=1:120 ~ 140:120 ~ 140 is gently mixed uniformly, stands 8 ~ 10 minutes, add 1.2 ~ 1.4 times of sperm volume
The salting liquid of amount, then be gently mixed uniformly, 20 ~ 25 minutes are stood, after clear water is rinsed well, 6 ~ 8 times of sperm volume amounts are added
Salting liquid, after being gently mixed uniformly, stands 10 ~ 15 minutes, collects hatch and precipitate ovum respectively, hatch by and be placed in hatchery
Hatched, sperm is then added in precipitating ovum again, double fertilization 1 time, improves rate of fertilization；
(6) incubating oosperm: 10 ~ 12 hours before fertilized eggs move into hatchery, adjusting water temperature in hatchery is 13 ~ 14
DEG C, the dissolved oxygen amount of water is 9 ~ 10mg/L, and intensity of illumination is 600 ~ 700lx, and salinity is 30 ~ 32, pH7.9 ~ 8.1, and ammonia-nitrogen content is
0.03 ~ 0.05mg/L, water exchange capacity be 2 ~ 3 full dose/days, optimize incubation condition, fertilized eggs throw-in density be 40 ~ 500,000/
m3, every morning, 6:00 ~ 7:00 and 18:00 ~ 19:00 scavenger precipitation ovum in afternoon and dead fish seedling, moved to aquaculture pond for hatching nursery,
Inhibit pathogenic microorganism, improves hatching rate；
(7) fry is raised: throw-in density is 16000 ~ 18000 tails/m2, man-made feeds are only fed, clear bottom is primary daily, into
Row sublevel segment management changes rearing conditions according to the physilogical characteristics of fry；
(8) final-period management: after the long 6 ~ 7cm of fry body, it can be sold or be moved to marketable fish poud and be cultivated.
The feed of the step (3) is artifical compound feed, and crude protein content is 52 ~ 54%, and fat content is 7 ~ 9%.
The oxytocin injection of the step (5), the injection of the first needle: human chorionic gonadtropin (HCG) 120 ~ 130IU/kg,
Luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog (LRH-A) 5 ~ 7mg/Kg；The injection of second needle: 60 ~ 70IU/kg of HCG, injection volume is with raun
Weight calculates, and milter halves, and every two needles interval time is 20 ~ 22 hours.
The salting liquid of the step (5) crosses 500 meshes, sterilizes 20 ~ 25 minutes through 121 DEG C.
The man-made feeds of the step (7), day feeding volume are the 16 ~ 18% of fry weight, and crude protein content is 48 ~ 50%,
Fat content is 12 ~ 14%.
The sublevel segment management of the step (7), hatch fry 1 ~ 2 day, temperature be 13 ~ 14 DEG C, intensity of illumination be 300 ~
400lx, illumination 4 hours, 2 hours dark, water exchange capacity is 1/4 full dose/day；3 ~ 7 days, feeding 7 ~ 8 times/day, temperature is 15 ~
17 DEG C, intensity of illumination is 600 ~ 700lx, and illumination 4 hours, 2 hours dark, water exchange capacity is 1/2 full dose/day；It 8 ~ 13 days, throws
6 ~ 7 times/day are fed, temperature is 17 ~ 18 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 700 ~ 800lx, illumination 4 hours, dark 2 hours, water exchange capacity is 4 ~
5 full dose/days；14 ~ 26 days, 4 ~ 5 times/day are fed, dilution fry density is 3500 ~ 4000 tails/m2, temperature is 17 ~ 18 DEG C, light
It is 700 ~ 800lx according to intensity, illumination 5 hours, 1 hour dark, water exchange capacity is 4 ~ 5 full dose/days；27 ~ 46 days, feed 3 ~ 4
Times/day, dilution fry density is 2500 ~ 2700 tails/m2, temperature is 17 ~ 18 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 800 ~ 900lx, and illumination 5 is small
When, 1 hour dark, water exchange capacity is 6 ~ 8 full dose/days；47 ~ 54 days, metamorphosis is completed, 3 ~ 4 times/day are fed, by fry size
Divide large, medium and small grade raising, fry density is 2000 ~ 2200 tails/m2, temperature be 17 ~ 18 DEG C, intensity of illumination be 800 ~
900lx, illumination 5 hours, 1 hour dark, water exchange capacity is 8 ~ 10 full dose/days；To the long 6 ~ 7cm of fry body after 55 days, 3 are fed
~ 4 times/day, fry density is 1200 ~ 1400 tails/m2, temperature be 17 ~ 18 DEG C, intensity of illumination be 800 ~ 900lx, illumination 5 hours,
1 hour dark, water exchange capacity is 10 ~ 11 full dose/days.
The invention has the advantages that a kind of artificial raise seedling method of more precious fishes provided by the invention, to parent population and hatching fry
Sublevel segment management is carried out, intermittent illumination is carried out, enhances adaptation and the stress ability of parent population and fry, fertilization rate reached 94%, hatching
Rate reaches 83%, and fry is completed Zi hatching to metamorphosis, and for survival rate up to 42%, income improves 22.7%；Parent population is through accurate stage by stage
Cultivating condition is tamed, and promotes maturation in batches, convenient for management, parent population is hastened parturition and artificial insemination, and it is repeated to precipitate ovum
Artificial insemination focuses on egg cell, improves reproduction cell quality, and strict control optimum condition when hatching makes to be fertilized
Rate and hatching rate significantly improve；Hatch fry according to the variation of physiological characteristic, is managed cultivation by stages, enhances the disease-resistant energy of fry
Power reduces disease, hence it is evident that improves survival rate, shortens culturing time 10 ~ 15 days；Parent population and fry feed several times manually matches
Feed is closed, quantity of exchanged water is kept, does not feed planktonic organism feed, be simple and efficient, guarantees forage compounding science, efficiency of feed utilization is high,
Strengthen immunity, enhancing development keep water quality limpid, inhibit pathogenic microorganism breeding.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate the present invention with specific embodiment below.
Embodiment
A kind of artificial raise seedling method of more precious fishes, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) farm establishes: selection is sunny, have a good transport service, water source is convenient, region far from pollution, establishes cultivation
, the parent population aquaculture pond that length is 8m, width 6m, depth are 1.5m, the bottom of pond edge of parent population aquaculture pond are set up in farm
Inlet and outlet are arranged in place, control light, temperature control, control oxygen and the wet equipment of control are set up in farm, convenient for accurately controlling cultivation item
Part；
(2) water treatment: parent population enters before pond 12 hours, meets national fishery water quality secondary standard from water inlet addition
Water, adjusting temperature in farm is 9 DEG C, and the dissolved oxygen amount of water is 10mg/L, salinity 31, pH7.9 ~ 8.1, and ammonia-nitrogen content is
0.03mg/L, water exchange capacity are 4 full dose/days, keep the best growing condition of parent population；
(3) parent population is tamed: according to quantity than female: hero=1:3 ratio selects physical strong, disease-free and injury-free, energy strong
Parent population, male and female parent population point is pool cultivated, and breeding density is 2 tails/m2, 1 ~ 3 day put in a suitable place to breed, water temperature is 11 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is
150lx, it is illumination 1 hour, 3 hours dark；4 ~ 9 days, water temperature was 13 DEG C, intensity of illumination 250lx, and illumination 2 hours, dark 4 was small
When；10 ~ 16 days, water temperature was 16 DEG C, intensity of illumination 400lx, illumination 4 hours, 4 hours dark；17 ~ 25 days, water temperature was 18 DEG C,
Intensity of illumination is 600lx, illumination 4 hours, 2 hours dark；After 26 days, water temperature is 20 DEG C, intensity of illumination 600lx, illumination 5
Hour, 1 hour dark, Gradual scene change condition enhances parent population adaptability, parent population can be made in batches mature after 40 days；
(4) parent population feeds intake: day inventory is the 1.6% of parent population weight, morning 5:30 ~ 6:30, inventory is day inventory
30%, afternoon 16:30 ~ 17:30, inventory be day inventory 25%, evening 21:00 ~ 22:00 feeds remaining feed, improve
Water quality and efficiency of feed utilization；
(5) artificial insemination: water temperature is adjusted to 13 DEG C by first 24 hours of oviposition, is divided to two needles to parent population oxytocin injection, is shortened life
Cell colonization efflux time improves reproduction cell quality, after the second needle is injected 10 ~ 12 hours, takes milter seminal vesicle, obtains sperm,
The ovum for taking raun is squeezed rapidly, is mixed with sperm, adds the salting liquid that salinity is 29, volume ratio is ovum: sperm: salting liquid
=1:140:140 is gently mixed uniformly, stands 8 minutes, add the salting liquid of 1.2 times of sperm volume amounts, then is gently mixed
It is even, 20 minutes are stood, after clear water is rinsed well, the salting liquid of 8 times of sperm volume amounts is added, after being gently mixed uniformly, stands 15
Minute, it collects hatch and precipitate ovum respectively, hatching by is placed in hatchery and hatches, and it precipitates ovum and sperm is then added again,
Double fertilization 1 time, improve rate of fertilization；
(6) incubating oosperm: 12 hours before fertilized eggs move into hatchery, adjusting water temperature in hatchery is 13 DEG C, water
Dissolved oxygen amount is 9mg/L, intensity of illumination 700lx, salinity 31, pH7.9 ~ 8.1, ammonia-nitrogen content 0.03mg/L, water exchange capacity
For 3 full dose/days, optimize incubation condition, fertilized eggs throw-in density is 500,000/m3, every morning 6:00 ~ 7:00 and afternoon
Hatching nursery is moved to aquaculture pond, inhibits pathogenic microorganism, improve hatching rate by 18:00 ~ 19:00 scavenger precipitation ovum and dead fish seedling；
(7) fry is raised: throw-in density is 18000 tails/m2, man-made feeds are only fed, clear bottom is primary daily, carries out sublevel
Segment management changes rearing conditions according to the physilogical characteristics of fry；
(8) final-period management: after the long 6 ~ 7cm of fry body, it can be sold or be moved to marketable fish poud and be cultivated.
The feed of the step (3) is artifical compound feed, crude protein content 54%, fat content 9%.
The oxytocin injection of the step (5) injection of the first needle: human chorionic gonadtropin (HCG) 120IU/kg, promotees Huang
Voxel releasing hormone analog (LRH-A) 6mg/Kg；The injection of second needle: HCG 65IU/kg, injection volume are calculated with raun weight,
Milter halves, and every two needles interval time is 20 hours.
The salting liquid of the step (5) crosses 500 meshes, sterilizes 20 minutes through 121 DEG C.
The man-made feeds of the step (7), day feeding volume are the 17% of fry weight, and crude protein content 50%, fat contains
Amount is 14%.
The sublevel segment management of the step (7) is hatched fry 1 ~ 2 day, and temperature is 13 DEG C, intensity of illumination 400lx, illumination
4 hours, 2 hours dark, water exchange capacity is 1/4 full dose/day；3 ~ 7 days, 8 times/day are fed, temperature is 17 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is
600lx, illumination 4 hours, 2 hours dark, water exchange capacity is 1/2 full dose/day；8 ~ 13 days, 7 times/day are fed, temperature 18
DEG C, intensity of illumination 700lx is illumination 4 hours, 2 hours dark, and water exchange capacity is 5 full dose/days；14 ~ 26 days, feed 5 times/
It, dilution fry density is 4000 tails/m2, temperature is 18 DEG C, intensity of illumination 800lx, illumination 5 hours, 1 hour dark, water
Exchange capacity is 5 full dose/days；27 ~ 46 days, 4 times/day are fed, dilution fry density is 2700 tails/m2, temperature is 18 DEG C, illumination
Intensity is 900lx, illumination 5 hours, 1 hour dark, and water exchange capacity is 7 full dose/days；47 ~ 54 days, metamorphosis is completed, feeds 4
Times/day, it is raised by the large, medium and small grade of fry size point, fry density is 2000 tails/m2, temperature is 18 DEG C, intensity of illumination
Illumination 5 hours, 1 hour dark for 900lx, water exchange capacity is 8 full dose/days；To the long 6 ~ 7cm of fry body after 55 days, 4 are fed
Times/day, fry density is 1200 tails/m2, temperature is 18 DEG C, intensity of illumination 900lx, and illumination 5 hours, 1 hour dark, water is handed over
The amount of changing is 10 full dose/days.
Comparative example
Existing more precious fish method for culturing seedlings.
The measurement of each index of the more precious fish method for culturing seedlings of embodiment and comparative example:
It is tested respectively according to more precious fishes of the management method cultivation same breed of embodiment and comparative example in identical area
Time is to be recorded, and the measurement result of each index of the more precious fish method for culturing seedlings of embodiment and comparative example is shown in Table 1.
Table 1: the measurement of each index of the more precious fish method for culturing seedlings of embodiment and comparative example
| Project | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example |
| Rate of fertilization/(%) | 94 | 93 | 92 | 82 |
| Hatching rate/(%) | 80 | 82 | 83 | 64 |
| Survival rate/(%) | 40 | 42 | 39 | 22 |
| Abnormal time/(day) | 47~54 | 47~54 | 47~54 | 65~70 |
| Income improves/(%) | 22.7 | 22.7 | 22.7 | — |
Note: "-" indicate without.
Table 1 the result shows that, the artificial raise seedling method of more precious fishes of embodiment, rate of fertilization, hatching rate, survival rate obviously compared with
Comparative example is short, and the time for completing metamorphosis shifts to an earlier date compared with comparative example, and income improves 16.4%, illustrates more precious fishes provided by the invention
Artificial raise seedling method have good culture efficiency.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of artificial raise seedling method of more precious fishes, which is characterized in that specifically includes the following steps:
(1) farm establishes: selection is sunny, have a good transport service, water source is convenient, region far from pollution, establishes farm, supports
Grow the parent population aquaculture pond for setting up that length is 6 ~ 8m, width is 5 ~ 6m, depth is 1.5 ~ 1.7m in field, the bottom of pond side of parent population aquaculture pond
Inlet and outlet are set at edge, control light, temperature control, control oxygen and the wet equipment of control are set up in farm；
(2) water treatment: parent population enters before pond 10 ~ 12 hours, and the water for meeting national fishery water quality secondary standard is added from water inlet,
Adjusting temperature in farm is 8 ~ 9 DEG C, and the dissolved oxygen amount of water is 9 ~ 10mg/L, and salinity is 30 ~ 32, pH7.9 ~ 8.1, and ammonia-nitrogen content is
0.03 ~ 0.05mg/L, water exchange capacity are 4 ~ 5 full dose/days；
(3) parent population is tamed: according to quantity than female: hero=1:2 ~ 3 ratio selects parent physical strong, disease-free and injury-free, that energy is strong
Fish, male and female parent population point is pool cultivated, and breeding density is 2 tails/m2, 1 ~ 3 day put in a suitable place to breed, water temperature is 10 ~ 11 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is
100 ~ 150lx, it is illumination 1 hour, 3 hours dark；4 ~ 9 days, water temperature was 12 ~ 14 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 200 ~ 250lx, and illumination 2 is small
When, it is 4 hours dark；10 ~ 16 days, water temperature was 15 ~ 16 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 300 ~ 400lx, illumination 4 hours, 4 hours dark；17
~ 25 days, water temperature was 17 ~ 18 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 500 ~ 600lx, illumination 4 hours, 2 hours dark；After 26 days, water temperature 19
~ 20 DEG C, intensity of illumination is 500 ~ 600lx, illumination 5 hours, parent population can be made in batches mature after 1 hour, 40 days dark；
(4) parent population feeds intake: day inventory is the 1.4 ~ 1.6% of parent population weight, morning 5:30 ~ 6:30, inventory is day inventory
25 ~ 30%, afternoon 16:30 ~ 17:30, inventory be day inventory 20 ~ 25%, evening 21:00 ~ 22:00 feeds remaining feeding
Material；
(5) artificial insemination: water temperature is adjusted to 12 ~ 14 DEG C by first 22 ~ 24 hours of oviposition, is divided to two needles to parent population oxytocin injection, and second
After needle is injected 10 ~ 12 hours, milter seminal vesicle is taken, sperm is obtained, squeezes the ovum for taking raun rapidly, mix, add with sperm
The salting liquid that salinity is 27 ~ 29, volume ratio is ovum: sperm: salting liquid=1:120 ~ 140:120 ~ 140, is gently mixed uniformly,
8 ~ 10 minutes are stood, the salting liquid of 1.2 ~ 1.4 times of sperm volume amounts is added, then is gently mixed uniformly, stands 20 ~ 25 minutes,
After clear water is rinsed well, the salting liquid of 6 ~ 8 times of sperm volume amounts is added, after being gently mixed uniformly, stands 10 ~ 15 minutes, respectively
Ovum is hatched and precipitated in collection, and hatching by is placed in hatchery and hatches, and sperm, double fertilization 1 is then added in precipitating ovum again
It is secondary；
(6) incubating oosperm: 10 ~ 12 hours before fertilized eggs move into hatchery, adjusting water temperature in hatchery is 13 ~ 14 DEG C, water
Dissolved oxygen amount be 9 ~ 10mg/L, intensity of illumination be 600 ~ 700lx, salinity be 30 ~ 32, pH7.9 ~ 8.1, ammonia-nitrogen content be 0.03 ~
0.05mg/L, water exchange capacity are 2 ~ 3 full dose/days, and fertilized eggs throw-in density is 40 ~ 500,000/m3, every morning 6:00 ~ 7:
00 and 18:00 ~ 19:00 scavenger precipitation ovum in afternoon and dead fish seedling, hatching nursery is moved into aquaculture pond；
(7) fry is raised: throw-in density is 16000 ~ 18000 tails/m2, man-made feeds are only fed, clear bottom is primary daily, is divided
Stage management；
(8) final-period management: after the long 6 ~ 7cm of fry body, it can be sold or be moved to marketable fish poud and be cultivated；
The feed of the step (4) is artifical compound feed, and crude protein content is 52 ~ 54%, and fat content is 7 ~ 9%；
The oxytocin injection of the step (5) injection of the first needle: human chorionic gonadtropin (HCG) 120 ~ 130IU/kg, promotees Huang
Voxel releasing hormone analog (LRH-A) 5 ~ 7mg/kg；The injection of second needle: 60 ~ 70IU/kg of HCG, injection volume is with raun weight
It calculates, milter halves, and every two needles interval time is 20 ~ 22 hours；
The salting liquid of the step (5) crosses 500 meshes, sterilizes 20 ~ 25 minutes through 121 DEG C；
The man-made feeds of the step (7), day feeding volume are the 16 ~ 18% of fry weight, and crude protein content is 48 ~ 50%, fat
Content is 12 ~ 14%；
The sublevel segment management of the step (7) is hatched fry 1 ~ 2 day, and temperature is 13 ~ 14 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 300 ~ 400lx,
Illumination 4 hours, 2 hours dark, water exchange capacity is 1/4 full dose/day；3 ~ 7 days, 7 ~ 8 times/day are fed, temperature is 15 ~ 17 DEG C,
Intensity of illumination is 600 ~ 700lx, illumination 4 hours, 2 hours dark, and water exchange capacity is 1/2 full dose/day；8 ~ 13 days, feed 6 ~ 7
Times/day, temperature is 17 ~ 18 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 700 ~ 800lx, and illumination 4 hours, 2 hours dark, water exchange capacity is 4 ~ 5 complete
Amount/day；14 ~ 26 days, 4 ~ 5 times/day are fed, dilution fry density is 3500 ~ 4000 tails/m2, temperature is 17 ~ 18 DEG C, and illumination is strong
Degree is 700 ~ 800lx, illumination 5 hours, 1 hour dark, and water exchange capacity is 4 ~ 5 full dose/days；27 ~ 46 days, feed 3 ~ 4 times/
It, dilution fry density is 2500 ~ 2700 tails/m2, temperature be 17 ~ 18 DEG C, intensity of illumination be 800 ~ 900lx, illumination 5 hours,
1 hour dark, water exchange capacity is 6 ~ 8 full dose/days；47 ~ 54 days, 3 ~ 4 times/day are fed, it is large, medium and small by fry size point
Grade raising, fry density are 2000 ~ 2200 tails/m2, temperature is 17 ~ 18 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 800 ~ 900lx, and illumination 5 is small
When, 1 hour dark, water exchange capacity is 8 ~ 10 full dose/days；To the long 6 ~ 7cm of fry body after 55 days, 3 ~ 4 times/day are fed, fry
Density is 1200 ~ 1400 tails/m2, temperature is 17 ~ 18 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 800 ~ 900lx, illumination 5 hours, 1 hour dark, water
Exchange capacity is 10 ~ 11 full dose/days.
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| CN108541633B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-10-30 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Light environment regulation and control method for improving hatching rate of fertilized eggs of turbot and growth of larval and juvenile fishes |
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