CN111087269A

CN111087269A - Humic acid organic and inorganic fertilizer produced by taking plant straws as raw materials

Info

Publication number: CN111087269A
Application number: CN201811164953.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘小春
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-10-07
Filing date: 2018-10-07
Publication date: 2020-05-01

Abstract

The invention discloses a humic acid organic and inorganic fertilizer produced by taking plant straws as raw materials, which belongs to the field of agricultural fertilizers; the raw materials used for producing the product comprise the following components in parts by weight: 50-55% of plant straw, 18-24% of dry livestock and poultry manure, 4% of cake fertilizer, 16% of dry pollution-free pond sludge, 1% of organic fertilizer leavening agent, 1% of sterilization deodorant, 3% of amino acid powder and 17% of inorganic fertilizer.

Description

Humic acid organic and inorganic fertilizer produced by taking plant straws as raw materials

The technical field is as follows:

the invention belongs to the field of agricultural fertilizer production, and particularly relates to a humic acid organic and inorganic fertilizer produced by using plant straws as a raw material.

Background art:

the plant straw is a general term of stem and leaf parts of mature crops, generally refers to the residual parts of the crops such as wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, rape, cotton, sugarcane and the like after seeds are harvested, more than half of the products of photosynthesis of the crops exist in the straw, and the straw is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, organic matters and the like and is a multipurpose renewable organic fertilizer; the straw is also a coarse feed, and is characterized by high content of coarse fiber and containing lignin, etc., although the lignin cellulose can not be utilized by pigs and chickens, the lignin cellulose can be absorbed and utilized by livestock such as ruminants, cattle and sheep, etc. One of the straw treatment methods is burning, and the harm of burning the straw is as follows: the content of CO2 in the air is increased, and the improvement ratio of CO2 is far greater than that of burning common trees; increasing inhalable particles in the air, wherein the particles are white powdery solids; the visibility of air is reduced, and a great amount of white solid smoke is generated by the straws during combustion. How to effectively utilize the straws is an important subject before people. The utilization of crop straws in rural areas of China has a long history, and most of the straws are used as fuel and burnt except that a small amount of straws are used for gaskets and feeding livestock, and part of straws are used for composting. With the development of agricultural production, the grain yield is greatly improved, the quantity of straws is large, and the popularization of firewood and coal saving technology, coal burning and liquefied gas use are added, so that a great amount of surplus straws exist in rural areas, and the straws are used for producing fertilizers and feeds and are good straws for recycling. The plant straws are one of important organic fertilizers, contain nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, sulfur and the like necessary for crops, and under the action of soil microorganisms under appropriate conditions, the elements are mineralized and then returned to the soil to be absorbed and utilized by the crops. The humic acid has the effects on plants as follows:

1. the metabolism of plant physiological generation is stimulated, the growth and development are promoted, the seeds are promoted to germinate in advance, the emergence rate is high, and the low-temperature germination is particularly obvious;

2. the fertilizer characteristics are changed, humic acid contains functional groups such as carboxyl, phenolic hydroxyl and the like, and the humic acid has stronger ion exchange and adsorption capacities, so that ammonium carbonate can reduce the loss of ammonium nitrogen, and the utilization rate of a nitrogen fertilizer is improved;

3. the soil structure is improved, the formation of soil granular structure can be promoted, the pH value of the soil is adjusted, the water, fertilizer, gas and heat conditions of the soil are adjusted, the soil exchange capacity is improved, the acid-base balance is achieved, and the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil is improved;

4. the stress resistance is enhanced;

5. improve the quality of the seed. The inorganic fertilizer is also called chemical fertilizer, called chemical fertilizer for short, and has the characteristics of simple components, high effective components, easy water solubility, quick decomposition, easy absorption by root systems and the like, so the inorganic fertilizer is called quick-acting fertilizer and comprises nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and the like, the inorganic fertilizer has high nutrient content, few side components and good physical properties, and has very important functions of balancing fertilization, improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer and promoting the high and stable yield of crops, and the addition of the inorganic fertilizer in the organic fertilizer can enable the fertilizer efficiency to be more comprehensive.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention provides a humic acid organic and inorganic fertilizer produced by using plant straws as raw materials, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-55% of plant straw, 18-24% of dry livestock and poultry manure, 4% of cake fertilizer, 16% of dry pollution-free pond sludge, 1% of organic fertilizer starter, 1% of sterilization deodorant, 3% of humic acid powder and 17% of inorganic fertilizer.

The invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

(1) sequentially feeding plant straws, dry livestock and poultry manure, cake fertilizer and dry pollution-free pond sludge into a crusher for crushing, and feeding the crushed materials into a fermentation tank;

(2) adding an organic fertilizer fermenting agent and a proper amount of water into a fermentation tank, uniformly stirring, sealing and fermenting for 3 days, opening the fermentation tank after fermentation is finished, adding a sterilizing deodorant in the formula amount, and stirring for sterilization and deodorization to obtain organic fertilizer water-containing slurry;

(3) naturally airing the organic fertilizer aqueous slurry, adding humic acid powder and inorganic fertilizer according to the formula amount, and uniformly mixing to obtain the finished product.

The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the plant straws in the step (1) are corn straws, rice straws and peanut straws, and are mixed according to the ratio of 5:4: 1.

The cake fertilizer in the step (2) is a mixture of bean cakes and peanut cakes according to a ratio of 5: 5.

The inorganic fertilizer in the step (3) is a mixture of urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate according to a ratio of 4:3: 3.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the humic acid organic and inorganic fertilizer is simple in production process, convenient to operate, easy to popularize, rich in organic matters and amino acids, free of important equipment, capable of efficiently conditioning soil structure and activating soil after being applied to the soil, capable of improving drought resistance, cold resistance, stress resistance, continuous cropping resistance, withering resistance, root rot resistance and immune function of plants and rapid in fertilizer efficiency.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.

Example 1 plant straws accounting for 40 percent of the total amount, dry livestock and poultry manure accounting for 22 percent of the total amount, cake fertilizer accounting for 4 percent of the total amount and dry pollution-free pond sludge accounting for 16 percent of the total amount are sequentially sent into a crusher to be crushed and then sent into a fermentation tank; adding an organic fertilizer starter accounting for 1% of the total amount and a proper amount of water into a fermentation tank, uniformly stirring, sealing and fermenting for 18 days, opening the fermentation tank after fermentation is finished, adding a sterilization deodorant accounting for 1% of the total amount, and stirring for sterilization and deodorization to obtain organic fertilizer water-containing slurry; naturally airing the organic fertilizer aqueous slurry, adding humic acid powder accounting for 3 percent of the total amount and inorganic fertilizer accounting for 17 percent of the total amount, and uniformly mixing to obtain a finished product.

Example 2 plant straws accounting for 41 percent of the total amount, dry livestock and poultry manure accounting for 21 percent of the total amount, cake fertilizer accounting for 4 percent of the total amount and dry pollution-free pond sludge accounting for 16 percent of the total amount are sequentially sent into a crusher to be crushed and then sent into a fermentation tank; adding an organic fertilizer starter accounting for 1% of the total amount and a proper amount of water into a fermentation tank, uniformly stirring, sealing and fermenting for 20 days, opening the fermentation tank after fermentation is finished, adding a sterilization deodorant accounting for 1% of the total amount, and stirring for sterilization and deodorization to obtain organic fertilizer water-containing slurry; naturally airing the organic fertilizer aqueous slurry, adding humic acid powder accounting for 3 percent of the total amount and inorganic fertilizer accounting for 17 percent of the total amount, and uniformly mixing to obtain a finished product.

Example 3 plant straws accounting for 42 percent of the total amount, dry livestock and poultry manure accounting for 20 percent of the total amount, cake fertilizer accounting for 4 percent of the total amount and dry pollution-free pond sludge accounting for 16 percent of the total amount are sequentially sent into a crusher to be crushed and then sent into a fermentation tank; adding an organic fertilizer starter accounting for 1% of the total amount and a proper amount of water into a fermentation tank, uniformly stirring, sealing and fermenting for 22 days, opening the fermentation tank after fermentation is finished, adding a sterilization deodorant accounting for 1% of the total amount, and stirring for sterilization and deodorization to obtain organic fertilizer water-containing slurry; naturally airing the organic fertilizer aqueous slurry, adding humic acid powder accounting for 3 percent of the total amount and inorganic fertilizer accounting for 17 percent of the total amount, and uniformly mixing to obtain a finished product.

Claims

1. The humic acid organic and inorganic fertilizer produced by using plant straws as raw materials comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50-55% of plant straw, 18-24% of dry livestock and poultry manure, 4% of cake fertilizer, 16% of dry pollution-free pond sludge, 1% of organic fertilizer starter, 1% of sterilization deodorant, 3% of humic acid powder and 17% of inorganic fertilizer, and is characterized in that:

(2) adding an organic fertilizer fermenting agent and a proper amount of water into a fermentation tank, uniformly stirring, sealing and fermenting for 18-22 days, opening the fermentation tank after fermentation is finished, adding a sterilizing deodorant in the formula amount, and stirring for sterilization and deodorization to obtain organic fertilizer water-containing slurry;

2. The humic acid organic and inorganic fertilizer produced by using plant straws as the raw material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the plant straws in the step (1) are corn straws, rice straws and peanut straws, and are mixed according to the ratio of 5:4: 1.

3. The humic acid organic and inorganic fertilizer produced by using plant straws as the raw material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the cake fertilizer in the step (1) is a mixture of bean cakes and peanut cakes according to a ratio of 5: 5.

4. The humic acid organic and inorganic fertilizer produced by using plant straws as the raw material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the inorganic fertilizer in the step (3) is a mixture of urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate according to a ratio of 4:3: 3.