CN111084131B - Artificial breeding method for ground-based self-production of pike - Google Patents
Artificial breeding method for ground-based self-production of pike Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 241001502129 Mullus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 241000595940 Notostraca Species 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001632080 Haloxylon Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 241000251592 Halocynthia Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000026109 gonad development Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- 241000237890 Haliotis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001417539 Liza Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001502127 Mullus barbatus Species 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of aquaculture, in particular to a ground-based artificial breeding method for mullet self-production, which comprises the following steps: preparing a cement pond for stocking the ground-based mullet parents, selecting the qualified parents, raising salt, carrying out daily cultivation management on the parents, hastening parturition and breeding, collecting fertilized eggs, hatching and raising seedlings in an indoor seedling raising pond, and finally putting the pond into an external pond for seedling cultivation. The parent cultivation method has the advantages that the parent cultivation is carried out by transferring the parent from an outer pond to a land-based cement pond, so that the fine management, the accurate feeding, the accurate temperature control and the accurate water control can be carried out, and the positive effect on the mature gonad development of the mullet parent is realized; the use amount of bittern is reduced; artificial insemination is changed into natural spawning; the labor intensity is reduced, and the death rate of parent induced spawning is reduced; the induced spawning effect is good, the fertility rate is high, the natural spawning fertility rate and the hatching rate reach more than 90%, and the indoor seedling raising rate is 65-70% and is more than 20% higher than the conventional rate. The invention has simple and convenient operation and is easy to be accepted and popularized by people.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a ground-based artificial breeding method for mullets.
Background
The mullet (Liza haematocoilia) is also called striped mullet, is commonly called as pinella pinkeya and cudgel, belongs to the order of mullet, mullet family and mullet genus, is distributed in western coastal areas of Indian ocean and Pacific ocean, is one of important economic fishes in temperate zone shallow sea areas, and has the characteristics of wide salinity, wide temperature, wide feeding, rapid growth, strong stress resistance and the like. The sexual maturity age of the pike is generally 2-3 ages of male fish and 3-4 ages of female fish. In 4-6 months every year, the mullets lay eggs in each estuary region and only carry out short-distance migratory, and the mullets overwinter in the deep sea water in 12 months. The mullet has rich nutritive value, fresh and tender meat quality and delicious taste, is the most famous and precious aquatic product with high culture value especially from spring.
In view of the excellent characteristics of the pike, the pike is more and more emphasized in the aquatic product world at present, the culture area is increased year by year, and the market demand is more and more vigorous. In order to relieve the contradiction between supply and demand of fries, multiple-channel research and development of artificial breeding and breeding of mullets are urgently needed. At present, wild mullet fries caught only by wild mullet fries are covered with waterwheel salaries, and the wild mullet fries are greatly influenced by external interference, so that uncontrollable factors are more, the wild mullet fries can not be successfully caught every year, and the wild mullet fries are difficult to catch, complex to operate and limited in quantity, so that the aquaculture industry is unstable. Therefore, with the rise of the pike breeding industry, the research and development of the rare economic pike are necessary to ensure the smooth promotion of the pike industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ground-based self-production artificial breeding method for pike.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a ground-based artificial breeding method for mullet self-production, which comprises the following steps: preparing a cement pond for stocking the ground-based mullet parents, selecting the qualified parents, raising salt, carrying out daily cultivation management on the parents, hastening parturition and breeding, collecting fertilized eggs, hatching and raising seedlings in an indoor seedling raising pond, and finally putting the pond into an external pond for seedling cultivation. The method comprises the following specific steps:
A) selecting qualified parents: in the last 2 months of each year, parents meeting the spawning induction standard are selected from a mullet parent breeding soil pond (namely an outer pond) and transferred into a land-based mullet parent stocking cement pond, the male and female mullets are required to be strong in body quality, smooth in body surface and free of damage, the abdomen of the male and female mullets are slightly contoured, the body weight of each female and male mullets is 4-6 kg/tail, the male mullets are good in body shape and strong in vitality, the body weight of each female and male mullets is 2-4 kg/tail, and the male and female ratio is 1: 2;
B) preparing a cement pond for stocking the ground-based mullet parents: the cement pond for stocking the land-based mullet parents needs to be cleaned and disinfected in advance and is 5m2Preparing 1 inflation head, and making the density of the parent of the mullet be 5m21 tail is preferably stocked; the pool is provided with an annular shed frame, and the water temperature is low in the early stageCovering a nylon heat-insulating film to prevent the water temperature from rising too fast in the middle and later periods, adding a layer of shading film on the nylon heat-insulating film, and fully covering or half covering the shading film according to the index required by the change of the water temperature; the cultivation water is taken from natural seawater (salinity is 10-12 per mill) in a local estuary area, is precipitated and then is filtered through a 150-200-mesh silk screen to enter a parent stocking pond, the pond water does not need to be filled up for facilitating salt raising, bittern is added after 1/3-1/4 spaces are left, and the reserved space is determined according to the salinity of the natural seawater in the estuary area.
C) Salt rising: generally, after the parents adapt to the salt for several days, the salt rising process is not too fast, and the salt is required to be slowly lifted until the salt rises to the target requirement of 20-22 per thousand;
further, the salt raising method of step C: the bottom of the tank is added with a 4-inch submersible pump head which plays a role of stirring when bittern is added. Adding bittern in three times to raise the salt: the salinity is increased from 10-12 per mill to 13-15 per mill for the first time; increasing from 13-15 per mill to 16-18 per mill for the second time; the third time, from 16-18 per mill liter to 20-22 per mill of the target position. The time interval between each salt rise is 3 days.
D) And (3) performing daily cultivation and management of parents: after salt raising is finished, bait feeding is started after 1-2 days of stabilization of the pike parents, the fed bait variety is No. 4 (9924) of the swelling compound feed for the minghee freshwater fish produced by Zhejiang minghee feed Limited, and the crude protein content is not less than 36%. Feeding a small amount of the feed, normally feeding the feed after the pike parents are stably adapted, feeding the pike parents for 2 times every day (8: 00 in the morning and 16: 00 in the afternoon), controlling the feed intake within 2 hours each time, and flexibly controlling the feed intake according to the weather, the water temperature, the feed intake and other conditions. Measuring the temperature 2 times in the morning and afternoon every day, finding that the water temperature rises too fast, paying attention to ventilation at two ends of the cement pond for stocking the Lucibed mullet parents and covering the shading film in half or full. And (4) observing the change of the water in the pond, if the water in the pond is too fat, changing the water for 1 time, and keeping the same salinity and temperature.
E) Induction of spawning and propagation: the parent can be induced to spawn and propagate after 2 months of cultivation. The induced spawning step is: firstly, preparing 3 net cages with covers, 2 putting parents and 1 transferring; and secondly, pumping 3/4 water out of the ground-based mullet parent stocking cement pond to select parents, selecting the mullet parents meeting the induced spawning requirement, putting the mullet parents into the net cage, and opening the male and female parents. Selecting a standard: female partThe fish belly has obvious contour and elasticity, the genital pore is slightly red, and the milky semen flows out when the male fish lightly presses the belly. Generally, 3-5 female fishes are selected for the first time, and 6-10 male fishes are matched for artificial spawning induction. And after the parent selection is finished, pumping the pumped water back to the cement pond for stocking the Haloxylon aquaticum parent. Thirdly, artificial spawning induction. And (3) hastening parturition for two times: first female fish induced spawning dose LRH-A22-5 ug/kg, male fish does not induce spawning; the second female fish induced spawning dose LRH-A210-30 ug/kg + HCG 1000-2000 international units/kg, and the spawning induction dosage of the male fish is reduced by half. The interval time of the second induced spawning is 24 hours. Fourthly, the parent which finishes the induced spawning is put back to the cement pond for stocking the halocrocis sativus parent to wait for the spontaneous spawning. Conditional moves to new pools are pending. The effect time is 50-60 hours.
F) Collecting fertilized eggs: and collecting fertilized eggs by using a 30-mesh silk net in time, weighing, counting, and transferring into an indoor seedling raising pond for hatching.
G) Hatching and raising seedlings in an indoor seedling raising pond: firstly, 50cm (half pond) of filtered seawater with same salinity, water temperature and water temperature is added into an indoor seedling raising pond, and an inflation head is matched for 1/m2Putting fertilized eggs at 5 ten thousand per meter2And the remaining half pool is filled with natural seawater (salinity of 10-12 per mill) in the area of the local estuary for 3 days: i.e. 10cm for the day 2, 20cm for the day 3 and 20cm for the day 4. The aim is to dilute while hatching, and finally transit to natural seawater. Hatching the fertilized eggs at the water temperature of 20-22 ℃ for 30-40 hours to rupture membranes, and feeding initial baits 96-100 hours after the membranes rupture: egg yolk and/or rotifers. If the rotifers are sufficient in number, the egg yolk does not have to be fed. And 2 days later, feeding zooplankton filtered by a 80-mesh-sieve silk net or supplementing fairy shrimp bait, wherein the feeding density is 10-13/ml, 5 days later, feeding zooplankton filtered by a 60-mesh-sieve silk net, the feeding density is 8-10/ml, 10 days later, feeding 30-mesh-sieve silk-net-filtered zooplankton, the feeding density is 7-8/ml, 20 days later, feeding 20-mesh-sieve silk-net-filtered zooplankton, the feeding density is 3-5/ml, and then, culturing for several days, putting the fish seeds into an outer pond soil pond for culturing. During the indoor seedling raising period, the sewage is required to be discharged once a day, and the water is required to be changed once a day, namely the sewage is discharged and the water is changed on the 2 nd day when the seedling raising hatching pond is filled with natural seawater, wherein the sequence is that the sewage is discharged firstly and then the water is changedChanging water, 1/3 days before changing water, 1/2 days after 7 days, and 2/3 days after 15 days. The whole seedling raising period is not heated, and the water temperature fluctuates between 20 and 24 ℃; no bittern is added, and the salinity of the seawater in the river estuary is 10-12 per mill.
H) And (3) seedling cultivation: the fish seeds can be put into an external pond for cultivation after indoor cultivation for more than 20 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the outstanding advantages that:
1) the parent cultivation is moved from an outer pond to a ground-based mullet parent stocking cement pond, so that fine management, accurate feeding, accurate temperature control and accurate water control can be performed, and a positive effect on mature gonad development of the mullet parent is achieved; 2) the using amount of bittern is reduced, and the bittern cost is saved by 70% compared with the conventional bittern; 3) the artificial insemination is changed into natural spawning, the parents are not required to be checked every 2 hours in the effector period, and the fertilized eggs are not existed in the pond only required to be checked every morning. Frequent operation and inspection not only influence the gonad development of the parents but also easily damage the parents, especially when the artificial egg-extruding insemination is performed, the damage to the parents caused by the large size of the parent individuals is larger; 4) the labor intensity is reduced, and the death rate of parent induced spawning is reduced; 5) the induced spawning effect is good, the fertility rate is high, the natural spawning fertility rate and the hatching rate reach more than 90%, the artificial insemination effect is not inferior to or even exceeds, and the secondary natural spawning fertility rate exceeds 95% in the third implementation. The indoor seedling raising rate is 65-70%, and is higher than that of the conventional method by more than 20%. The invention has simple and convenient operation and is easy to be accepted and popularized by people.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to illustrate specific embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1:
the ground-based artificial breeding method for the mullets comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a cement pond for stocking the ground-based mullet parents: cleaning a cement pond, sterilizing the whole pond by using 20ppm of bleaching powder for 24 hours (comprising an inflation tube and an inflation head), washing the pond clean, and solarizing the pond for later use. The specification of the stocking cement pond is 30.0 multiplied by 5.0 multiplied by 1.5m according to 5m21 inflation head is equipped, and 30 inflation heads are equipped. And (5) checking whether the upper shed frame and the heat-insulating film of the cement pond are intact and firm. Finally, the parent of the pikePreparing pond water before stocking, and adding natural seawater in a local estuary area filtered by a 150-200 mesh bolting-silk net in a full pond 2/3;
2) selecting qualified parents: generally, parents meeting the spawning induction requirement are selected from an external pond culture pond in late 2 months of each year and transferred into a cement pond for stocking the Haliotis arenacearum parents, the female and male parents are required to be strong in body quality, smooth in body surface and free of damage, the abdomen of the female fish has a slight contour and 4-6 kg/tail of body weight, the male fish is good in body shape and strong in vitality, the body weight is 2-4 kg/tail of the male fish, and the male-female ratio is 1: 2. The density of the parent of the mullet is 5m2Preferably, 1 fish is put in the breeding pond, namely, 30 fish parents of the mullets are generally put in the breeding pond, wherein 10 fish parents of the mullets are 10 fish parents, and 20 fish parents of the male fishes are 20 fish parents.
3) Salt rising: generally, after the parents are adapted for several days, the salt is increased approximately in 3 months and 1 day every year, the salt increasing process is not too fast, and the salt is required to be gradually increased until the salt is increased to 20-22 per thousand of the target requirement. The specific method comprises the following steps: the bottom of the tank is added with a 4-inch submersible pump head which plays a role of stirring when bittern is added. Adding bittern for three times to raise the salt: the salinity is increased from 10-12 per mill to 13-15 per mill for the first time; increasing from 13-15 per mill to 16-18 per mill for the second time; the third time, from 16-18 per mill liter to 20-22 per mill of the target position. The time interval between each salt rise is 3 days.
4) And (3) performing daily cultivation and management of parents: after salt raising is finished, bait feeding is started after 1-2 days of stabilization of the pike parents, the fed bait variety is No. 4 (9924) of the swelling compound feed for the minghee freshwater fish produced by Zhejiang minghee feed Limited, and the crude protein content is not less than 36%. Feeding a small amount of the feed, normally feeding the feed after the pike parents are stably adapted, feeding the pike parents for 2 times every day (8: 00 in the morning and 16: 00 in the afternoon), controlling the feed intake within 2 hours each time, and flexibly controlling the feed intake according to the weather, the water temperature, the feed intake and other conditions. The temperature is measured 2 times in the morning and afternoon every day, the water temperature rises too fast, the two ends of the cultivation pool are noticed to be ventilated, a layer of shading film is added on the nylon heat-preservation film to regulate and control the water temperature, and the full coverage or the half coverage is needed according to the weather change condition, so that the water temperature fluctuation is avoided. And (4) observing the change of the water in the pool, if the water in the pool is too fat, changing the water for 1 time, and keeping the salinity and the temperature of the changed water consistent.
5) Induction of spawning and propagation: after the parent is cultivated for 2 months, the artificial spawning induction can be carried out when the water temperature reaches 20 ℃ in the last ten days of 5 months. The induced spawning step is:firstly, preparing 3 net cages with covers, placing 2 parents, and transferring 1 net cage, wherein the specification of the net cages is 230 multiplied by 130 multiplied by 50 cm; secondly, 3/4 water is pumped out from the parent culture pond to select the parents, the mullet parents meeting the induced spawning requirement are selected and put into the net cage, and the male and female parents are opened. Selecting a standard: the abdomen of the female fish is obvious in contour and rich in elasticity, the genital pore is slightly protruded and reddish, and the male fish slightly presses the abdomen to cause milky semen to flow out. Generally, 3-5 female fishes are selected for the first time, and 6-10 male fishes are matched for artificial spawning induction. And after the parent selection is finished, pumping the pumped water back to the parent cultivation pool. Thirdly, artificial spawning induction. And (3) hastening parturition for two times: first female fish induced spawning dose LRH-A22-5 ug/kg, male fish does not induce spawning; the second female fish induced spawning dose LRH-A210-30 ug/kg + HCG 1000-2000 international units/kg, and the spawning induction dosage of the male fish is reduced by half. The interval time of the second induced spawning is 24 hours. Fourthly, the parents which finish the induced spawning are put back into the parent culture pond by the net cage to wait for the spontaneous spawning. Conditional moves to new pools are pending. The effect time is 50-60 hours.
6) Collecting fertilized eggs: and collecting fertilized eggs by using a 30-mesh silk net in time, weighing and counting the fertilized eggs, and then transferring the fertilized eggs into an indoor seedling raising pond for hatching.
7) Hatching and raising seedlings in an indoor seedling raising pond: the indoor seedling raising pond has specification of 6.0 × 3.5 × 1.2m, seawater with same salinity, water temperature and filtration is prepared, a half pond (50cm) is added first, and an inflation head is matched for 1/m2Putting fertilized eggs at 5 ten thousand per meter2And the remaining half pool is filled with natural seawater (salinity of 10-12 per mill) in the area of the local estuary for 3 days: i.e. 10cm for the day 2, 20cm for the day 3 and 20cm for the day 4. Hatching the fertilized eggs at the water temperature of 20-22 ℃ for 30-40 hours to rupture membranes, and feeding initial baits 96-100 hours after the membranes rupture: yolk + rotifer. If the rotifers are sufficient in number, the egg yolk does not have to be fed. Feeding zooplankton filtered by a 80-mesh silk net or supplementing fairy shrimp bait after 2 days, wherein the feeding density is 10-13/ml, feeding zooplankton filtered by a 60-mesh silk net after 5 days, the feeding density is 8-10/ml, feeding zooplankton filtered by a 30-mesh silk net after 10 days, the feeding density is 7-8/ml, feeding zooplankton filtered by a 20-mesh silk net after 20 days, the feeding density is 3-5/ml, and then, after a few days of cultivation, putting the zooplankton into an outer pond soil pool for fish seed cultivationAnd (5) breeding. During the indoor seedling raising period, the sewage is required to be discharged once a day, and the water is changed once a day, namely the sewage is discharged and the water is changed on the 2 nd day after the natural seawater is filled, wherein the sequence is that the sewage is discharged firstly and then the water is changed, and the water is changed from 1/3 days before the water is changed, from 1/2 days after the water is changed, and from 2/3 days after the water is changed. The whole seedling raising period is not heated, and the water temperature fluctuates between 20 and 24 ℃; no bittern is added, and the salinity of the seawater in the river estuary is 10-12 per mill.
8) The fish seeds can be put into an external pond for cultivation after indoor cultivation for more than 20 days.
Example 2:
the implementation mode is continuously developed for three years in the worthy scientific research base of the aquatic product research institute in Shanghai city, the Musca parents are selected from the outer pond in the last 2 months of each year and are transferred into the land-based cement pond for parent reinforced cultivation, salt is increased to a target position in the last 3 months, and spawning and breeding are promoted in the last 5 months. 3, 4 and 4 days in 2019 at the base 1#Selecting mullet parents in a pond with the north area of 3 mu, and putting 12 male and female parents and 36 female parents in the east 4 of the land-based province#The salt is raised in a cement pool (30.0 × 5.0 × 1.5m) for three times in 10, 13 and 16 days in 3 months, the salinity is raised from 12.0 per thousand to 22.1 per thousand, and the water is changed once in 20 days in 4 months. 5, female and male are selected for 5, 9 and 5 days, and then the spawning is hastened for two times: 16 in the afternoon: 00 and 16 pm the following day: 00, hasten parturition and move into a new pool (Lu Ji Dong 1)#Cement pit, same specification) to be produced. Fertilized eggs are seen in the early morning of 5 months and 13 days, 3300g/330 ten thousand of fertilized eggs are collected, and considering that the number of the fertilized eggs is sufficient, the fertilized eggs are not collected completely. The three rates are respectively: the fertilization rate is 95%, the hatching rate is 91%, and the breeding rate is 66%. 189 thousands of mullets with 1-2 cm are bred, wherein 100 thousands of mullets are released, 50 thousands of mullets are given away, and 30 thousands of mullets are sold.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited thereto, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the scope of the appended claims is to be accorded the full range of equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. The ground-based artificial breeding method for the mullets is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A) selecting qualified parents: in the last 2 months of each year, parents meeting the spawning induction standard are selected from the mullet parent breeding soil pond and transferred into a land-based mullet parent stocking cement pond, the female and male mullets are required to be strong in body quality, smooth in body surface and free of damage, the abdomen of the female mullet is slightly contoured and has the weight of 4-6 kg/tail, the male mullets are good in body shape and strong in vitality, the weight of the male mullets is 2-4 kg/tail, and the male and female ratio is 1: 2;
B) preparing a cement pond for stocking the ground-based mullet parents: the cement pond for stocking the land-based mullet parents needs to be cleaned and disinfected in advance and is 5m2Preparing 1 inflation head, and making the density of the parent of the mullet be 5m21 tail is preferably stocked; the pond is provided with an annular shed frame, a nylon heat-insulating film is covered when the water temperature is low in the early stage, the water temperature is prevented from rising too fast in the middle and later stages, a layer of shading film is added on the nylon heat-insulating film, and the shading film is fully covered or half covered according to the index required by the change of the water temperature; the cultivation water is taken from natural seawater with salinity of 10-12 per mill in the area of the local estuary, is filtered through a 150-200 mesh silk screen after being precipitated and enters a parent stocking pond, the pond water does not need to be filled fully for facilitating salt raising, and bittern is added after 1/3-1/4 space is left;
C) salt rising: generally, after the parents adapt to the salt for several days, the salt rising process is not too fast, and the salt is required to be slowly raised until the salt is raised to the target required salinity of 20-22 per mill;
D) and (3) performing daily cultivation and management of parents: after salt raising is finished, feeding is started after 1-2 days of stabilization of the pike parents, the fed bait variety is No. 4 fish feed in the swelling compound feed for the minghee freshwater fish produced by Zhejiang minghee feed Limited, and the crude protein content is more than or equal to 36 percent; feeding a small amount of the feed, normally feeding the feed after the pike parents are stably adapted, feeding the feed for 2 times every day, controlling the feeding amount to be eaten within 2 hours each time, and flexibly controlling the feeding amount according to the weather, the water temperature and the eating condition; measuring the temperature 2 times in the morning and afternoon every day, finding that the water temperature rises too fast, paying attention to ventilation at two ends of the cement pond for stocking the Luciou mullet parents and covering the shading film in half or full; observing the change of the water in the pool, if the water in the pool is too fat, changing the water for 1 time, wherein the salinity and the temperature are the same;
E) induction of spawning and propagation: the parent can be induced to spawn and propagate after 2 months of cultivation; the induced spawning step is: firstly, preparing 3 net cages with covers, 2 putting parents and 1 transferring; secondly, breeding the haloxylon parents in a cement pondDrawing out 3/4 water to select parents, selecting the mullet parents meeting the induced spawning requirement, putting the mullet parents into the net cage, and opening the male and female parts; selecting a standard: the abdomen contour of the female fish is obvious and rich in elasticity, the genital pore is slightly red, and the milky semen flows out when the male fish lightly presses the abdomen; generally, 3-5 female fishes are selected for the first time, and 6-10 male fishes are matched for artificial spawning induction; after parent selection is finished, pumping the pumped water back to the cement pond for stocking the Halocynthia latifolia parents; thirdly, artificially hastening parturition; and (3) hastening parturition for two times: first female fish induced spawning dose LRH-A22-5 ug/kg, male fish does not induce spawning; the second female fish induced spawning dose LRH-A210-30 ug/kg + HCG 1000-2000 international units/kg, and the spawning induction dosage of the male fish is halved; the interval time of the secondary induced spawning is 24 hours; fourthly, the parent which finishes the induced spawning is put back to the cement pond for stocking the halocrocis sativus parent to wait for the self-spawning; conditionally move to new pool to be produced; the effect time is 50-60 hours;
F) collecting fertilized eggs: collecting fertilized eggs by using a 30-mesh silk net in time, weighing, counting and transferring into an indoor seedling raising pond for hatching;
G) hatching and raising seedlings in an indoor seedling raising pond: firstly, adding half-pond seawater with same salinity, water temperature and filtration into the indoor seedling raising pond, and matching with 1/m inflation head2Putting fertilized eggs at 5 ten thousand per meter2And the remaining half pool is filled with natural sea water with the salinity of 10-12 per mill in the local estuary area for 3 days: adding 10cm for egg laying day 2, adding 20cm for egg laying day 3, and adding 20cm for egg laying day 4; hatching the fertilized eggs at the water temperature of 20-22 ℃ for 30-40 hours to rupture membranes, and feeding initial baits 96-100 hours after the membranes rupture: egg yolk and/or rotifers; feeding zooplankton filtered by a 80-mesh silk screen or supplementing fairy shrimp bait after 2 days, wherein the feeding density is 10-13 per ml, feeding zooplankton filtered by a 60-mesh silk screen after 5 days, the feeding density is 8-10 per ml, feeding zooplankton filtered by a 30-mesh silk screen after 10 days, the feeding density is 7-8 per ml, feeding zooplankton filtered by a 20-mesh silk screen after 20 days, and the feeding density is 3-5 per ml;
H) and (3) seedling cultivation: the fish seeds can be put into an external pond for cultivation after indoor cultivation for more than 20 days.
2. The ground-based artificial breeding method for mullet self-production according to claim 1, wherein the salt-raising method of step C comprises the following steps: a 4-inch submersible pump head is added at the bottom of the pool, and the mixture is stirred uniformly when bittern is added; adding bittern in three times to raise the salt: the salinity is increased from 10-12 per mill to 13-15 per mill for the first time; increasing from 13-15 per mill to 16-18 per mill for the second time; increasing from 16-18 per mill to 20-22 per mill of the target position for the third time; the time interval between each salt rise is 3 days.
3. The ground-based artificial breeding method for mullet self-production according to claim 1, wherein during the indoor breeding period of step G, the sewage is drained once a day, and the water is changed once a day, i.e. the sewage is drained and the water is changed at the 2 nd day when the breeding hatching pond is filled with natural seawater, wherein the sequence of draining is carried out first and then changing the water, and the water is 1/3 before the water is changed, 1/2 after 7 days and 2/3 after 15 days; the whole seedling raising period is not heated, and the water temperature fluctuates between 20 and 24 ℃; no bittern is added, and the salinity of the seawater in the river estuary is 10-12 per mill.
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| EP1139730A1 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2001-10-10 | Östgös AB | Method for commercial edible fish breeding of euroasian pike-perch |
| CN109329138A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-02-15 | 射阳县大洋特种水产苗种场 | A method of improving mullet artificial breed rate and hatching rate |
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| EP1139730A1 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2001-10-10 | Östgös AB | Method for commercial edible fish breeding of euroasian pike-perch |
| CN109329138A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-02-15 | 射阳县大洋特种水产苗种场 | A method of improving mullet artificial breed rate and hatching rate |
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