CN111072960B - 一种具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN111072960B
CN111072960B CN201911288069.8A CN201911288069A CN111072960B CN 111072960 B CN111072960 B CN 111072960B CN 201911288069 A CN201911288069 A CN 201911288069A CN 111072960 B CN111072960 B CN 111072960B
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polyimide
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刘亦武
谭井华
赵先清
周栋
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Hunan University of Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺及其制备方法和应用。本发明制备的聚酰亚胺的主链中引入刚性平面结构蒽醌环和极性基团仲胺,蒽醌环可使聚酰亚胺分子链堆砌更加紧密,减小聚合物的自由体积,从而有效提高聚酰亚胺的阻隔性能。蒽醌环也可使聚酰亚胺分子链的刚性增加,限制分子链的运动,使聚合物难以形成气体通道,有效提高聚酰亚胺的阻隔性能。同时仲胺结构在分子链内和分子链间产生氢键,氢键作用可提高聚酰亚胺分子链堆砌效率,诱导聚酰亚胺结晶,提高聚酰亚胺的热稳定性、力学性能和阻隔性能。

Description

一种具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明涉及材料科学技术领域,更具体地,涉及一种具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
柔性有机电致发光器件(FOLED)除了具有OLED自发光、轻薄、节能环保的优点外,还具有许多刚性衬底及其他平板显示器件不具备的优势:FOLED常用的衬底采用聚酯类塑料,其柔韧性好,既轻便又超薄,具有良好的弯曲能力,是最具发展前景的下一代显示技术之一。
然而,FOLED存在稳定性和寿命不足的问题,限制了其推广和应用。由于薄膜晶体管(TFT)的制作工艺温度远远高于一般聚合物的玻璃化转变温度,TFT制作过程很难完成,从而大大限制了FOLED性能的提高。并且,空气中的H2O、O2等有害气体也会对FOLED的使用寿命带来不利的影响。因此,提供一种热稳定性好,阻隔性能高、力学性能强的聚合物衬底材料是加速FOLED产业化的关键。
聚酰亚胺(polyimide,PI)是现有聚合物中耐温性最好的一类材料,拥有优良的化学稳定性和力学性能,因此被认为是极具应用潜力的一类柔性衬底材料。但传统商用聚酰亚胺薄膜阻隔性能无法满足柔性显示器件的封装需求。现有提高聚酰亚胺阻隔性能的方法一般添加层状纳米粒子,通过片状纳米层有效延长水蒸气在基材中的扩散路径,从而改善其阻隔性能。如改性绢云母/聚酰亚胺复合薄膜的阻隔性能得到极大提升,其中阻隔效果最好的复合薄膜为添加1%质量分数有机绢云母的复合薄膜,其水阻隔透过率(WVTR)为0.0259g/m2/day,阻隔效果比纯聚酰亚胺薄膜提升98.46%。但是,添加无机纳米材料的聚酰亚胺复合薄膜仍然不能达到FOLED的封装性能要求。若能通过合理的分子结构设计、化学合成直接制备阻隔性能优良的本征型聚酰亚胺材料,这将从根本上解决聚酰亚胺阻隔性能的不足的问题,对促进FOLED的发展具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是针对现有聚酰亚胺作为衬底材料阻隔性能的不足,提供一种耐高温、具有高阻隔性能以及优异力学性能的具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺。
本发明要解决的另一技术问题是提供上述具有高阻隔性能的二胺单体以及聚酰亚胺的制备方法。
本发明还解决的技术问题是提供具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺在多领域内的应用。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案予以实现:
一种具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺,其结构通式如下所示:
Figure BDA0002318592380000021
Ar1选自下列结构式中的任意一种:
Figure BDA0002318592380000022
其中,y=1~10000;n=0~6,m=0~6,同一结构式中的n和m不同时为0。
进一步地,所述Ar2和Ar3选自下列结构式中的任意一种:
Figure BDA0002318592380000031
进一步地,所述X选自下列结构中的任意一种:
Figure BDA0002318592380000032
优选地,所述Ar2
Figure BDA0002318592380000033
的一种或多种,Ar3为
Figure BDA0002318592380000041
的一种或多种;所述X为
Figure BDA0002318592380000042
根据上述所述具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺提供其制备方法,制备步骤包括:在惰性气体保护气氛中,将含蒽醌结构的二胺和含X结构的二酐按摩尔比为1:0.95~1.05溶解在极性非质子溶剂中,在-15~30℃搅拌反应2~48h,得到均相的聚酰胺酸胶液,然后将聚酰胺酸胶液进行热酰亚胺化或化学酰亚胺化脱水得到聚酰亚胺。
上述具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺中所用含蒽醌结构的二胺的制备方法包括:
S1.将含有两个卤原子取代的蒽醌单体
Figure BDA0002318592380000043
在保护气体氛围下与氨水反应后,提纯,干燥得到单体1或单体2;
S2.将步骤S1中单体1或单体2,与含有一个卤原子和一个硝基取代的Ar1单体与加入溶剂中,在保护气体氛围下,加入碱,通过Ullmann偶联反应,提纯,干燥得到含两个硝基的单体3或单体4;
S3.将步骤S2中单体3或单体4加入到溶剂中,加入还原剂,在保护气体的氛围下通过还原反应,提纯,干燥即得结构通式Ⅰ或Ⅱ所示的具有高阻隔性能的二胺单体;
所述步骤S1中的单体1、单体2和单体3、单体4分别具有如下结构特征:
Figure BDA0002318592380000044
进一步地,S2中所述单体1或单体2与含有一个卤原子和一个硝基取代的Ar1单体的物质的量的比为1︰2~8。优选地,S2中所述单体1或单体2与含有一个卤原子和一个硝基取代的Ar1单体的物质的量的比为1︰5。
进一步地,S1~S3所述保护气体为氮气、氦气、氖气、氩气、氪气、氙气、氡气中的一种或几种。
进一步地,S2中加入的碱与单体1或单体2的物质的量的比为1︰0.5~2。优选地,碱的用量与单体1或单体2的物质的量比为1︰1。
进一步地,所述碱为氢化钠、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、氟化铯、正丁基锂、叔丁醇钾、叔丁醇纳、六甲基二硅基胺基锂中的一种或几种。
进一步地,S3中S3中所述单体3或单体4与还原剂的物质的量的比为1:2~32。S3中S3中所述单体3或单体4与还原剂的物质的量的比为1:20。
进一步地,所述还原剂为水合肼、甲酸铵、硼氢化钠、维生素C、柠檬酸钠、铁粉、锌粉中的一种或几种。
进一步地,S1中所述溶剂为二甲基亚砜、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、吡咯烷酮、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、甲苯、二甲苯中的一种或几种;S2中所述溶剂为二甲基亚砜、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、四氢呋喃、1,4二氧六环、甲苯、二甲苯、丙酮、乙腈、二苯醚中的一种或几种;S3中所述溶剂为乙醇、甲醇、正丙醇、叔丁醇、叔戊醇、乙醇、己醇、四氢呋喃、1,4二氧六环、二甲基亚砜、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、乙酸乙酯、甲苯中的一种或几种。
进一步地,S1~S3中所述反应温度为50℃~170℃,反应时间为10~48h,所述干燥温度为40℃~120℃,所述干燥时间为6~30h。优选地,所述S1中反应温度100℃,反应时间为24h,干燥温度为80℃,干燥时间为24h;S2中反应温度150℃,反应时间为24h,干燥温度为80℃,干燥时间为24h;S3中反应温度80℃,反应时间为24h,干燥温度为80℃,干燥时间为24h。
上述得到的具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺应用于微电子、军工、航空航天、包装与防护以及电子器件封装。
与现有技术相比,有益效果是:
本发明通过分子结构设计合成角度,创造性的将刚性平面结构单元蒽醌环和仲胺键引入到聚酰亚胺的主链中,蒽醌环可使聚酰亚胺分子链堆砌更加紧密,减小聚合物的自由体积,从而有效提高聚酰亚胺的阻隔性能,蒽醌环也可使聚酰亚胺分子链的刚性增加,限制分子链的运动,使聚合物难以形成气体通道,有效提高聚酰亚胺的阻隔性能。同时,蒽醌环的刚性也可提高聚酰亚胺的热稳定性和力学性能,仲胺键的引入可以在聚酰亚胺分子链内和分子链间产生氢键,氢键作用可提高聚酰亚胺分子链堆砌效率。氢键作用还可以诱导聚酰亚胺结晶,紧密堆砌和结晶也都可以提高聚酰亚胺的阻隔性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例进一步解释和阐明,但具体实施例并不对本发明有任何形式的限定。若未特别指明,实施例中所用的方法和设备为本领常规方法和设备,所用原料均为常规市售原料。
实施例1
本实施例提供2,7-bis((4-aminophenyl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione的合成:
Figure BDA0002318592380000061
S1.合成中间体2,7-diaminoanthracene-9,10-dione:
将3.66g(0.01mol)2,7-dibromoanthracene-9,10-dione,适量的氧化亚铜,50mlNMP,13ml氨水(29%,0.2mol)加入200ml耐压瓶中,氩气保护,100℃反应,待反应完成后,将反应液倒入冰水中,用二氯甲烷萃取,减压去除溶剂,产物以二氯甲烷∶正己烷=2∶1(体积比)为流动相硅胶为固定相作柱色谱提纯,收集产物并旋干,在80℃真空中干燥24h,得到中间体。该中间体结构如下:
Figure BDA0002318592380000062
S2.合成中间体2,7-bis((4-nitrophenyl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione:
将2.38g(0.01mol)2,7-diaminoanthracene-9,10-dione,7.50g(0.05mol)对氟硝基苯和13.8g(0.1mol)碳酸钾加入250ml三口瓶中,加入150ml二甲基亚砜,磁力搅拌并通氩气,升温至150℃反应12h后将反应液倒入冷水中,滤出沉淀,用盐酸和水洗涤,得到中间体。该中间体结构如下:
Figure BDA0002318592380000071
S3.合成2,7-bis((4-aminophenyl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione:
将4.80g(0.01mol)2,7-bis((4-nitrophenyl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione加入到500ml三口瓶中,加入450ml无水乙醇,磁力搅拌并通氩气,油浴加热至70℃后,加入10%wt的钯碳0.1g,并逐渐滴加10ml水合肼,回流反应24h后,将反应液用漏斗抽虑,将滤液放置在冰箱中24h结晶,抽滤后收集灰白色固体,在80℃真空干燥箱中干燥24h,得到产物。
实施例2
本实施例提供
2-((5-aminopyridin-2-yl)amino)-6-((6-aminopyridin-3-yl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione的合成:
Figure BDA0002318592380000072
S1.合成中间体2,6-diaminoanthracene-9,10-dione:
将3.66g(0.01mol)2,6-dibromoanthracene-9,10-dione,适量的氧化亚铜,50mlNMP,13ml氨水(29%,0.2mol)加入200ml耐压瓶中,氩气保护,100℃反应,待反应完成后,将反应液倒入冰水中,用二氯甲烷萃取,减压去除溶剂,产物以二氯甲烷∶正己烷=2∶1(体积比)为流动相硅胶为固定相作柱色谱提纯,收集产物并旋干,在80℃真空中干燥24h,得到中间体。该中间体结构如下:
Figure BDA0002318592380000073
S2.合成中间体2-((5-nitropyridin-2-yl)amino)-6-((6-nitropyridin-3-yl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione:
将2.38g(0.01mol)2,6-diaminoanthracene-9,10-dione,7.105g(0.05mol)2-fluoro-5-nitropyridine和13.8g(0.1mol)碳酸钾加入250ml三口瓶中,加入150ml二甲基亚砜,磁力搅拌并通氩气,升温至150℃反应12h后将反应液倒入冷水中,滤出沉淀,用盐酸和水洗涤,得到中间体。该中间体结构如下:
Figure BDA0002318592380000081
S3.合成
2-((5-aminopyridin-2-yl)amino)-6-((6-aminopyridin-3-yl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione:
将4.82g(0.01mol)
2-((5-nitropyridin-2-yl)amino)-6-((6-nitropyridin-3-yl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione加入到500ml三口瓶中,加入450ml无水乙醇,磁力搅拌并通氩气,油浴加热至70℃后,加入10%wt的钯碳0.1g,并逐渐滴加10ml水合肼,回流反应24h后,将反应液用漏斗抽虑,将滤液放置在冰箱中24h结晶,抽滤后收集灰白色固体,在80℃真空干燥箱中干燥24h,得到产物。
实施例3
本实施例提供2,7-bis((3-aminophenyl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione的合成:
Figure BDA0002318592380000082
S1.合成中间体2,7-diaminoanthracene-9,10-dione:
将3.66g(0.01mol)2,7-dibromoanthracene-9,10-dione,适量的氧化亚铜,50mlNMP,13ml氨水(29%,0.2mol)加入200ml耐压瓶中,氩气保护,100℃反应,待反应完成后,将反应液倒入冰水中,用二氯甲烷萃取,减压去除溶剂,产物以二氯甲烷∶正己烷=2∶1(体积比)为流动相硅胶为固定相作柱色谱提纯,收集产物并旋干,在80℃真空中干燥24h,得到中间体。该中间体结构如下:
Figure BDA0002318592380000091
S2.合成中间体2,7-bis((3-nitrophenyl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione:
将2.38g(0.01mol)2,7-diaminoanthracene-9,10-dione,7.50g(0.05mol)间氟硝基苯和13.8g(0.1mol)碳酸钾加入250ml三口瓶中,加入150ml二甲基亚砜,磁力搅拌并通氩气,升温至150℃反应12h后将反应液倒入冷水中,滤出沉淀,用盐酸和水洗涤,得到中间体。该中间体结构如下:
Figure BDA0002318592380000092
S3.合成2,7-bis((3-aminophenyl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione:
将4.80g(0.01mol)2,7-bis((3-nitrophenyl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione加入到500ml三口瓶中,加入450ml无水乙醇,磁力搅拌并通氩气,油浴加热至70℃后,加入10%wt的钯碳0.1g,并逐渐滴加10ml水合肼,回流反应24h后,将反应液用漏斗抽虑,将滤液放置在冰箱中24h结晶,抽滤后收集灰白色固体,在80℃真空干燥箱中干燥24h,得到产物。
实施例4
本实施例提供2,6-bis((6-aminonaphthalen-2-yl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione的合成:
Figure BDA0002318592380000093
S1.合成中间体2,6-bis((6-nitronaphthalen-2-yl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione:
将2.38g(0.01mol)2,6-diaminoanthracene-9,10-dione,9.56g(0.05mol)2-fluoro-6-nitronaphthalene和13.8g(0.1mol)碳酸钾加入250ml三口瓶中,加入150ml二甲基亚砜,磁力搅拌并通氩气,升温至150℃反应12h后将反应液倒入冷水中,滤出沉淀,用盐酸和水洗涤,得到中间体。该中间体结构如下:
Figure BDA0002318592380000101
S2.合成2,6-bis((6-aminonaphthalen-2-yl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione:
将5.81g(0.01mol)2,6-bis((6-nitronaphthalen-2-yl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione加入到500ml三口瓶中,加入450ml无水乙醇,磁力搅拌并通氩气,油浴加热至70℃后,加入10%wt的钯碳0.1g,并逐渐滴加10ml水合肼,回流反应24h后,将反应液用漏斗抽虑,将滤液放置在冰箱中24h结晶,抽滤后收集灰白色固体,在80℃真空干燥箱中干燥24h,得到产物。
实施例5
本实施例提供
3,6-bis((4-((4-aminophenyl)amino)phenyl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione的合成:
Figure BDA0002318592380000102
S1.合成中间体
3,6-bis((4-((4-nitrophenyl)amino)phenyl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione:
将2.38g(0.01mol)3,6-diaminoanthracene-9,10-dione,11.61g(0.05mol)4-fluoro-N-(4-nitrophenyl)aniline和13.8g(0.1mol)碳酸钾加入250ml三口瓶中,加入150ml二甲基亚砜,磁力搅拌并通氩气,升温至150℃反应12h后将反应液倒入冷水中,滤出沉淀,用盐酸和水洗涤,得到中间体。该中间体结构如下:
Figure BDA0002318592380000111
S2.合成3,6-bis((4-((4-aminophenyl)amino)phenyl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione:
将6.63g(0.01mol)3,
6-bis((4-((4-nitrophenyl)amino)phenyl)amino)anthracene-9,10-dione加入到500ml三口瓶中,加入450ml无水乙醇,磁力搅拌并通氩气,油浴加热至70℃后,加入10%wt的钯碳0.1g,并逐渐滴加10ml水合肼,回流反应24h后,将反应液用漏斗抽虑,将滤液放置在冰箱中24h结晶,抽滤后收集灰白色固体,在80℃真空干燥箱中干燥24h,得到产物。
实施例6
本实施例提供实施例1~5制备的二胺单体通过热酰亚胺化法制备聚酰亚胺,步骤为:
在氩气保护气氛中,将具有高阻隔性能的二胺和含X结构的二酐按摩尔比为1:0.95~1.05溶解在强极性非质子溶剂中,在-15~30℃搅拌反应2~48h,得到均相的聚酰胺酸胶液,然后将聚酰胺酸胶液在玻璃板刮涂成1~3mm厚的薄层,再将玻璃板置于真空烘箱中,抽真空,升温,升温过程为:升至100℃恒温0.5~1h,从100℃升200℃后恒温0.5~1h,从200℃升300℃后恒温0.5~1h,最后从300℃升420℃后恒温1.0~2.0h,冷却后得到具有高阻隔性能的高平面性聚酰亚胺膜。
实施例7
实施例提供实施例1~5制备的二胺单体通过化学酰亚胺化法制备聚酰亚胺,步骤为:
在氩气保护气氛中,将含蒽醌环结构的二胺和含X结构的二酐按摩尔比为1:0.95~1.05溶解在极性非质子溶剂中,在-15~30℃搅拌反应2~48h,得到均相的聚酰胺酸胶液,将聚酰胺酸胶液加入吡啶/乙酸酐的混合液中,加热至60~170℃搅拌0.5~6h,冷却后倒入甲醇或丙酮中得到聚酰亚胺沉淀,过滤干燥得到聚酰亚胺粉体,然后将聚酰亚胺粉体溶于N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基亚砜、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、间苯酚或四氢呋喃中,加热溶解后,将其刮涂在玻璃板上,在70~300℃真空干燥,冷却后得到聚酰亚胺膜。
以下实施例分别为实施例1~6制备的二胺与下列所示二酐聚合,通过热酰亚胺法或化学酰亚胺法制备聚酰亚胺,其中,所述二酐均在阿拉丁试剂网购买可得,具体二酐结构如下:
实施例8~12 均苯四甲酸二酐
实施例13~17 联苯四甲酸二酐
实施例18~22 1,2,3,4-环丁四甲酸二酐
实施例23~27 1,4,5,8-萘四甲酸酐
实施例28~32 4,4′-联苯醚二酐
实施例33~37 4,4′-(六氟异丙烯)二酞酸酐
实施例38~42 3,3'4,4'-二苯甲酮四羧酸二酐
对实施例8~42制备的蒽醌结构的高平面的聚酰亚胺进行阻隔性能、玻璃化转变温度、热稳定性和热膨胀系数进行检测,对热酰亚胺化制备和化学酰亚胺化的同种聚酰亚胺的测试取平均值,检测结果如表1~7:
所述阻隔性能根据GB/T1038-2000《塑料薄膜和薄片气体透过性试验方法压差法》和GB/T19789-2005《包装材料塑料薄膜和薄片氧气透过性试验库仑计检测法》进行检测,根据GB/T 36800.2-2018《塑料热机械分析法》对热膨胀系数和比咯华转变温度进行检测。
表1
Figure BDA0002318592380000121
表2
Figure BDA0002318592380000131
表3
Figure BDA0002318592380000132
表4
Figure BDA0002318592380000133
表5
Figure BDA0002318592380000134
Figure BDA0002318592380000141
表6
Figure BDA0002318592380000142
表7
Figure BDA0002318592380000143
由表1~7得知,本发明将蒽醌结构和极性基团同时引入二胺单体,制备出含极性基团的高平面性的二胺单体,具有高电子密度和良好的刚性结构。蒽醌结构和极性仲胺基团有效提高了聚酰亚胺的阻隔性能,并具有良好的力学性能和热稳定性。
显然,本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例,而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺,其特征在于,所述聚酰亚胺的结构通式下所示:
Figure FDA0003457104040000011
Ar1选自下列结构式中的任意一种:
Figure FDA0003457104040000012
其中,y=1~10000;n=0~6,m=0~6,同一结构式中的n和m不同时为0;
所述Ar2和Ar3选自下列结构式中的任意一种:
Figure FDA0003457104040000013
所述X选自下列结构中的任意一种:
Figure FDA0003457104040000021
2.根据权利要求1所述具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺,其特征在于,所述聚酰亚胺的制备步骤包括:在惰性气体保护气氛中,将含蒽醌结构的二胺和含X结构的二酐按摩尔比为1:0.95~1.05溶解在极性非质子溶剂中,在-15~30℃搅拌反应2~48h,得到均相的聚酰胺酸胶液,然后将聚酰胺酸胶液进行热酰亚胺化或化学酰亚胺化脱水得到聚酰亚胺。
3.根据权利要求2所述具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺,其特征在于,所述含蒽醌结构的二胺的制备方法包括:
S1.将含有两个卤原子取代的蒽醌单体
Figure FDA0003457104040000022
在保护氛围下与氨水反应后得到单体1或单体2;
S2.将步骤S1中单体1或单体2,与含有一个卤原子和一个硝基取代的Ar1 单体与加入溶剂中,在保护气体氛围下,加入碱,通过Ullmann偶联反应得到含两个硝基的单体3或单体4;
S3.将步骤S2中单体3或单体4加入到溶剂中,加入还原剂,在保护气体的氛围下通过还原反应即得结构通式Ⅰ或Ⅱ所示的具有高阻隔性能的二胺单体;
所述步骤S1中的单体1、单体2和单体3、单体4分别具有如下结构特征:
Figure FDA0003457104040000031
4.根据权利要求3所述具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺,其特征在于,S2中所述单体1或单体2与含有一个卤原子和一个硝基取代的Ar1 单体的物质的量的比为1︰2~4。
5.根据权利要求3所述具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺,其特征在于,S2中所述碱与单体1或单体2的物质的量的比为1︰0.5~2;所述碱为氢化钠、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、氟化铯、正丁基锂、叔丁醇钾、叔丁醇纳、六甲基二硅基胺基锂中的一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求3所述具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺,其特征在于,S3中所述单体3或单体4与还原剂的物质的量的比为1:2~32;所述还原剂为水合肼、甲酸铵、硼氢化钠、维生素C、柠檬酸钠、铁粉、锌粉中的一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求3所述具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺,其特征在于,S2中所述溶剂为二甲基亚砜、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、四氢呋喃、1,4二氧六环、甲苯、二甲苯、丙酮、乙腈、二苯醚中的一种或几种;S3中所述溶剂为乙醇、甲醇、正丙醇、叔丁醇、叔戊醇、乙醇、己醇、四氢呋喃、1,4二氧六环、二甲基亚砜、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、乙酸乙酯、甲苯中的一种或几种。
8.根据权利要求3所述具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺,其特征在于,S1~S3中所述反应温度为50℃~170℃,反应时间为10~48h。
9.根据权利要求1~8任一所述具有高阻隔性能的聚酰亚胺,其特征在于,应用于微电子、军工、航空航天、包装与防护以及电子器件封装。
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