CN111066534B - Greenhouse for selenium sand melon seedling and crop rotation method for seedling and pepper planting - Google Patents
Greenhouse for selenium sand melon seedling and crop rotation method for seedling and pepper planting Download PDFInfo
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- CN111066534B CN111066534B CN201911364871.0A CN201911364871A CN111066534B CN 111066534 B CN111066534 B CN 111066534B CN 201911364871 A CN201911364871 A CN 201911364871A CN 111066534 B CN111066534 B CN 111066534B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/047—Spraying of liquid fertilisers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/22—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like
- A01G9/227—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like rolled up during non-use
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Abstract
The wall body of the greenhouse disclosed by the invention adopts the color steel tile wall body as the rear wall and the gable wall of the greenhouse, and compared with the traditional greenhouse, the wall body of the greenhouse has the advantages that the construction cost is lower, and the dismantling is more convenient; compared with a full-arch shed, the greenhouse has better heat preservation effect and larger planting space. On the premise of not influencing the time of emergence and the rate of emergence, the seedling raising cost is effectively reduced, the recovery of the soil structure in the later period is very quick, and the sustainable development of agricultural production is facilitated. The invention also provides a crop rotation method for seedling raising and pepper planting by using the greenhouse. In the selenium sand melon seedling raising process, the sprayed nutrient solution can be left on the ground from the gaps of the seedling raising hole trays, and nutrients required by the peppers are similar to those required by the seedlings, so that the growth of the peppers can be promoted, the nutrients in the soil can be absorbed, and the soil eutrophication can be prevented. Meanwhile, the planting of the peppers can also increase the economic benefit of the greenhouse, the pests and diseases of the peppers are less, and the health of selenium sand melon seedlings in the second year cannot be influenced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of greenhouse planting, in particular to a greenhouse for selenium sand melon seedling and a crop rotation method for seedling and pepper planting.
Background
The existing common planting greenhouse has two types, one is a full-arch greenhouse with a full-film structure, and the other is a greenhouse with one rear wall and two gable walls. The full-arch shed has the characteristics of low manufacturing cost and no damage to soil, but the available space in the full-arch shed is less and the heat preservation effect is not good, so that the full-arch shed is generally used for the early marketing of spring vegetables or the delayed marketing of autumn vegetables, and the planting shed cannot be used in winter. The greenhouse has the characteristics of high space utilization rate after heat preservation effect, high manufacturing cost and capability of damaging the soil structure. For example, in a greenhouse of the earth wall type, the wall is generally two meters thick, and surface soil needs to be piled up on the wall and tamped with a digger. Doing so is more severe in the destruction of the soil structure and more difficult in the recovery. If the greenhouse is built by bricks or heat-insulating walls, the manufacturing cost is very high and the dismantling is difficult. For seedling raising, particularly for the melon seedlings of selenium sand melons, the seedling raising is generally carried out once a year. If the full-arch shed is used for seedling culture, the heat preservation effect is poor, and the temperature change is large, thereby greatly influencing the yield of the melon seedlings. If a greenhouse is used, the cost of seedling cultivation is very high due to the high cost of the greenhouse.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, a greenhouse for selenium sand melon seedling cultivation is needed to be provided, which is low in construction cost and high in economic benefit.
And a rotation method for seedling raising and pepper planting by using the greenhouse is also necessary.
The utility model provides a selenium sand melon is grown seedlings and uses warmhouse booth includes various steel tile wall body, steel skeleton, plastic film, quilt, book curtain machine, sprinkler, the upper end and the steel skeleton fixed connection of various steel tile wall body, and plastic film covers on the steel skeleton, the upper end and the steel skeleton fixed connection of quilt, the lower extreme and the book curtain machine fixed connection of quilt, sprinkler are located warmhouse booth, sprinkler's upper end and steel skeleton fixed connection to spray water to the cave dish of growing seedlings, various steel tile wall body includes back wall, two gable, and the east side and the west side of back wall are connected in two gable respectively, the steel skeleton includes vertical stand, arc support frame, the upper end and the arc support frame fixed connection of vertical stand, the side of vertical stand still with various steel tile wall body fixed connection to support various steel tile wall body.
Preferably, the spraying device comprises a walking bracket, a driving mechanism, a spraying mechanism and a control mechanism, wherein the upper end of the walking bracket is fixedly connected with the steel framework, the lower end of the walking bracket is connected with the driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is fixedly connected with the spraying mechanism, and the control mechanism is electrically connected with the driving mechanism and the spraying mechanism so as to control the operation of the spraying device; the walking support comprises a plurality of vertical connecting supports and two transverse walking guide rails, the upper end of each vertical connecting support is fixedly connected with the steel skeleton, the lower end of each vertical connecting support is fixedly connected with the transverse walking guide rails, the two transverse walking guide rails are arranged in parallel, and a driving machine frame is arranged on the transverse walking rails; the driving mechanism comprises a traveling wheel, a driving motor and a driving rack, the traveling wheel is arranged on the transverse traveling guide rail, a rotating shaft of the traveling wheel is in chain transmission connection with a rotating shaft of the driving motor, a machine body of the driving motor is fixedly connected with the driving rack so that the driving motor drives the driving rack to move on the transverse traveling guide rail, and the sprinkling mechanism is fixedly connected with the driving rack; the sprinkling mechanism comprises a height adjusting bracket, a longitudinal sprinkling pipeline, a plurality of spray heads, a water delivery hose and a water pump, wherein the upper end of the height adjusting bracket is fixedly connected with the driving rack, the lower end of the height adjusting bracket is fixedly connected with the longitudinal sprinkling pipeline, the longitudinal sprinkling pipeline is parallel to the ground, the spray heads are uniformly distributed on the longitudinal sprinkling pipeline, the water outlet of the water delivery hose is connected with the longitudinal sprinkling pipeline, and the water inlet of the water delivery hose is connected with the water outlet of the water pump; control mechanism includes controller, infrared ray sensor, controller and infrared ray sensor electric connection, controller still with driving motor, water pump electric connection to the operation of control driving motor, water pump, infrared ray sensor gathers the infrared ray information on ground and transmits to the controller with the form of signal of telecommunication, the controller with this signal of telecommunication generation digital information and convert real-time temperature value into, the controller still is equipped with plant temperature range value, when real-time temperature value is in plant temperature range value, the controller starts the water pump and sprays water.
A crop rotation method for selenium sand melon seedling and pepper planting by utilizing a greenhouse for selenium sand melon seedling comprises the following steps:
s001, leveling and compacting the soil in the greenhouse to facilitate placing seedling raising plug trays;
s002, orderly placing the seedling raising plug trays with the selenium sand melon seeds on the land, and reserving a channel for people to pass through on the land;
step S003, regularly spraying water and liquid fertilizer into the seedling raising hole trays, enabling redundant liquid fertilizer to permeate into soil below the seedling raising hole trays from the bottoms of the seedling raising hole trays and gaps among the seedling raising hole trays, and enabling the selenium shaggua seedlings in the seedling raising hole trays of the same batch to grow 2-3 true leaves, wherein the selenium shaggua seedlings have seedling emergence conditions;
step S004, transporting the seedling raising hole trays with seedling emergence conditions out of the greenhouse in batches according to requirements until all the seedling raising hole trays are transported out of the greenhouse;
step S005, closing an air outlet of the greenhouse, rolling up the cotton quilt, and tightly drying the soil at high temperature to transfer the nutrient fertilizer infiltrated into the underground to surface soil through the high-temperature capillary action of water, and simultaneously killing germs and worm eggs in the greenhouse;
s006, replilling the land in the greenhouse with the seedling culture hole tray emptied to prepare for the subsequent pepper planting;
step S007, leveling and ridging the land, mulching the ridging soil ridges, digging holes on the mulching soil ridges according to a preset interval and planting hot peppers;
step S008, irrigating, fertilizing, pest control and pepper harvesting are carried out on the peppers according to a pepper management method, and during the growth process of the peppers, the nutrition fertilizer infiltrated into the ground in the step S003 is transferred to surface soil through the high-temperature capillary action of water and is absorbed by the roots of the peppers;
step S009, cleaning the pepper seedlings and plastic films on the soil ridges and ploughing;
and S010, opening a plastic film on the greenhouse, and killing insect eggs and bacteria at low temperature naturally.
Preferably, the step S001 of leveling and compacting the land in the greenhouse to facilitate placing of the seedling raising plug is as follows: leveling the land in the greenhouse in the middle of 2 months, and meanwhile, disinfecting the greenhouse to reduce the density of germs in the greenhouse.
Preferably, in the step S002, water and liquid fertilizer are regularly sprayed into the seedling raising hole trays, the redundant liquid fertilizer permeates into the soil below the seedling raising hole trays from the bottoms of the seedling raising hole trays and gaps between the seedling raising hole trays, when the selenium sha gua seedlings in the seedling raising hole trays of the same batch grow 2-3 true leaves, the selenium sha gua seedlings have a seedling emergence condition, specifically, in 3 months, the seedling raising hole trays are placed in the greenhouse, and the seedlings begin to be raised, and an empty seedling raising hole tray is further arranged at the bottoms of the seedling raising hole trays so that the seedling raising hole trays are separated from the ground.
Preferably, the step S005 of closing the air outlet of the greenhouse, rolling up the quilt, and sunning the soil at a high temperature so that the nutrient fertilizer infiltrated into the ground is transferred to the surface soil through the high-temperature capillary action of water, and simultaneously killing germs and worm eggs in the greenhouse is as follows: closing an air outlet of the greenhouse in the first 6 th month, and tightly airing the soil at high temperature to transfer the nutrition fertilizer infiltrated into the underground to surface soil through the high-temperature capillary action of water, killing germs and worm eggs in the greenhouse at the same time, and completing the high-temperature tight airing of the soil in the first 7 th month, wherein in the process of tightly airing the soil, the cotton quilt is put down at 7 o 'clock afternoon and half day, and is rolled up at 7 o' clock morning every day to keep the high temperature in the greenhouse; at 12 to 2 pm every day, the upper ventilation opening of the greenhouse is opened to reduce the humidity in the greenhouse and enhance the transpiration in the greenhouse, so that the water and fertilizer can be lifted to the ground surface from the ground.
Preferably, "step S007 of leveling and ridging the land, mulching the ridged ridges, digging holes on the furrows with the ridges at a predetermined interval and planting peppers" includes leveling and ridging the land in the middle 7 th month, mulching the ridges with the ridges, digging holes on the furrows with the ridges with the predetermined interval and planting peppers.
Preferably, the step S009 of cleaning the pepper seedlings and the plastic film on the ridges and cultivating the lands specifically comprises the steps of: cleaning the pepper seedlings and the plastic films on the soil ridges and ploughing in 1 month.
Preferably, the step S010 of opening the plastic film on the greenhouse and killing the insect eggs and bacteria at a low temperature by nature includes: in the middle 1 month, the plastic film on the greenhouse is opened, and natural low temperature is utilized to kill insect eggs and bacteria.
Has the advantages that: the wall body of the greenhouse disclosed by the invention adopts the color steel tile wall body as the rear wall and the gable wall of the greenhouse, and compared with the traditional greenhouse, the wall body of the greenhouse has the advantages that the construction cost is lower, and the dismantling is more convenient; compared with a full-arch shed, the greenhouse has better heat preservation effect and larger planting space. So, to cultivating selenium sand melon seedling, under the prerequisite that does not influence time of emerging and emergence rate, effectively reduced the cost of growing seedlings, it is also very fast in the recovery of later stage soil structure, be favorable to agricultural production's sustainable development.
The invention also provides a crop rotation method for seedling raising and pepper planting by using the greenhouse. In the selenium sand melon seedling raising process, the sprayed nutrient solution can be left on the ground from the gaps of the seedling raising hole trays, and nutrients required by the peppers are similar to those required by the seedlings, so that the growth of the peppers can be promoted, the nutrients in the soil can be absorbed, and the soil eutrophication can be prevented. Meanwhile, the planting of the peppers can also increase the economic benefit of the greenhouse, the pests and diseases of the peppers are less, and the health of selenium sand melon seedlings in the second year cannot be influenced. Meanwhile, after the pepper is coated with the film, the nutrient fertilizer permeating into the ground in the seedling growing process can be transferred to surface soil along with water through high-temperature capillary action, so that the nutrient fertilizer permeating into the ground in the seedling growing process is fully utilized, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved, and the yield of the pepper is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the steel skeleton and the spraying device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the connection between the driving mechanism and the watering mechanism of the present invention.
In the figure: the water spraying device comprises a steel skeleton 10, a spraying device 20, a walking bracket 201, a vertical connecting bracket 2011, a transverse walking guide rail 2012, a driving mechanism 202, walking wheels 2021, a driving motor 2022, a driving rack 2023, a water spraying mechanism 203, a height adjusting bracket 2031, a longitudinal water spraying pipeline 2032, a spray head 2033 and a water delivery hose 2034.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a greenhouse for selenium sand melon seedling comprises a color steel tile wall, a steel skeleton 10, a plastic film, a cotton quilt, a roller shutter, and a spraying device 20, the upper end of the color steel tile wall body is fixedly connected with the steel skeleton 10, the plastic film covers the steel skeleton 10, the upper end of the cotton quilt is fixedly connected with the steel skeleton 10, the lower end of the cotton quilt is fixedly connected with the curtain rolling machine, the spraying device 20 is positioned in the greenhouse, the upper end of the spraying device 20 is fixedly connected with the steel skeleton 10, the color steel tile wall comprises a rear wall and two gable walls, wherein the east side and the west side of the rear wall are respectively connected with the two gable walls, the steel skeleton 10 includes vertical stand, arc support frame, the upper end and the arc support frame fixed connection of vertical stand, the side of vertical stand still with various steel tile wall body fixed connection to support various steel tile wall body.
Selenium sand melons are generally cultivated from middle to late April, so the seedlings are generally grown in early March. The temperature in the north is also relatively low. The full-arch shed can not meet the temperature requirement of the seedbed at night. However, the construction cost of the greenhouse is very high, the influence on the structure of cultivated land is large, and the difficulty of dismantling the wall and recovering cultivation is large. The breeding years in the same planting greenhouse cannot be guaranteed. For example, after 7 years of breeding, the planting greenhouse has to be dismantled for some reasons, and the dismantled land is used as cultivation land for planting food crops. When the greenhouse is built, besides purchasing raw materials such as plastic films, steel frameworks 10 and rolling machines, surface soil needs to be piled up on a wall body for tamping, and a large amount of funds are spent in the process of building the wall. Meanwhile, the surface soil for building the wall is mellow soil, which is beneficial to the growth of crops. After the surface soil is removed, the soil in the greenhouse is changed into raw soil. When the greenhouse is dismantled, the soil on the wall is not suitable for planting crops, and the greenhouse needs to be restored for many years. The removal of the wall also takes time. The cost of building and dismantling the greenhouse can have a great impact on the profit of the seedling. Therefore, the greenhouse in the prior art is not suitable for the seedling culture of the selenium sand melons. The greenhouse for seedling culture comprises the color steel tile wall, the steel skeleton 10, the plastic film, the cotton quilt, the roller shutter machine and the spraying device 20, and the color steel tile is used for replacing the wall of the greenhouse in the prior art, so that the construction cost is reduced, and the recovery of land re-tillage is facilitated. And for seedling raising, the heat preservation effect of the wall body and the cotton quilt can meet the seedling raising requirement.
Further, the spraying device 20 comprises a walking bracket 201, a driving mechanism 202, a spraying mechanism 203 and a control mechanism, wherein the upper end of the walking bracket 201 is fixedly connected with the steel framework 10, the lower end of the walking bracket 201 is connected with the driving mechanism 202, the driving mechanism 202 is fixedly connected with the spraying mechanism 203, and the control mechanism is electrically connected with the driving mechanism 202 and the spraying mechanism 203 so as to control the operation of the spraying device 20; the walking bracket 201 comprises a plurality of vertical connecting brackets 2011 and two transverse walking guide rails 2012, the upper end of the vertical connecting bracket 2011 is fixedly connected with the steel skeleton 10, the lower end of the vertical connecting bracket 2011 is fixedly connected with the transverse walking guide rails 2012, the two transverse walking guide rails 2012 are arranged in parallel, and the driving mechanism 202 is erected on the transverse walking rails; the driving mechanism 202 comprises a traveling wheel 2021, a driving motor 2022 and a driving rack 2023, the traveling wheel 2021 is erected on the transverse traveling guide rail 2012, a rotating shaft of the traveling wheel 2021 is in chain transmission connection with a rotating shaft of the driving motor 2022, a body of the driving motor 2022 is fixedly connected with the driving rack 2023, so that the driving motor 2022 drives the driving rack 2023 to move on the transverse traveling guide rail 2012, and the sprinkling mechanism 203 is fixedly connected with the driving rack 2023; the sprinkling mechanism 203 comprises a height adjusting bracket 2031, a longitudinal sprinkling pipeline 2032, a plurality of spray heads 2033, a water delivery hose 2034 and a water pump, wherein the upper end of the height adjusting bracket 2031 is fixedly connected with the drive rack 2023, the lower end of the height adjusting bracket 2031 is fixedly connected with the longitudinal sprinkling pipeline 2032, the longitudinal sprinkling pipeline 2032 is parallel to the ground, the spray heads 2033 are uniformly distributed on the longitudinal sprinkling pipeline 2032, the water outlet of the water delivery hose 2034 is connected with the longitudinal sprinkling pipeline 2032, and the water inlet of the water delivery hose 2034 is connected with the water outlet of the water pump; the control mechanism comprises a controller and an infrared sensor, the controller is electrically connected with the infrared sensor, the controller is further electrically connected with a driving motor 2022 and a water pump to control the driving motor 2022 and the water pump to run, the infrared sensor collects infrared information on the ground and transmits the infrared information to the controller in the form of electric signals, the controller generates digital information by the electric signals and converts the digital information into real-time temperature values, the controller is further provided with a plant temperature range value, and when the real-time temperature values are within the plant temperature range value, the controller starts the water pump to spray water.
And gradually carrying out the seedlings out of the greenhouse along with the seedling culture hole trays. A plurality of empty spaces can appear in the greenhouse. If the water is applied to the open ground, the ground surface becomes muddy, which is not beneficial to the management of the follow-up seedling raising plug tray. Meanwhile, waste of water resources and fertilizers is caused. An infrared sensor is provided to detect infrared information of the plants to determine the presence of a seedbed on the surface. In the initial stage of seedling culture, the infrared sensor can be closed until some melon seedlings grow out.
S001, leveling and compacting the soil in the greenhouse to facilitate placing seedling raising plug trays;
s002, orderly placing the seedling raising plug trays with the selenium sand melon seeds on the land, and reserving a channel for people to pass through on the land;
step S003, regularly spraying water and liquid fertilizer into the seedling raising hole trays, enabling redundant liquid fertilizer to permeate into soil below the seedling raising hole trays from the bottoms of the seedling raising hole trays and gaps among the seedling raising hole trays, and enabling the selenium shaggua seedlings in the seedling raising hole trays of the same batch to grow 2-3 true leaves, wherein the selenium shaggua seedlings have seedling emergence conditions;
step S004, transporting the seedling raising hole trays with seedling emergence conditions out of the greenhouse in batches according to requirements until all the seedling raising hole trays are transported out of the greenhouse;
step S005, closing an air outlet of the greenhouse, rolling up the cotton quilt, and tightly drying the soil at high temperature to transfer the nutrient fertilizer infiltrated into the underground to surface soil through the high-temperature capillary action of water, and simultaneously killing germs and worm eggs in the greenhouse;
s006, replilling the land in the greenhouse with the seedling culture hole tray emptied to prepare for the subsequent pepper planting;
step S007, leveling and ridging the land, mulching the ridging soil ridges, digging holes on the mulching soil ridges according to a preset interval and planting hot peppers;
step S008, irrigating, fertilizing, pest control and pepper harvesting are carried out on the peppers according to a pepper management method, and during the growth process of the peppers, the nutrition fertilizer infiltrated into the ground in the step S003 is transferred to surface soil through the high-temperature capillary action of water and is absorbed by the roots of the peppers;
step S009, cleaning the pepper seedlings and plastic films on the soil ridges and ploughing;
and S010, opening a plastic film on the greenhouse, and killing insect eggs and bacteria at low temperature naturally.
Further, "step S001, level and compact the soil in the greenhouse to it specifically is to place seedling culture hole tray": leveling the land in the greenhouse in the middle of 2 months, and meanwhile, disinfecting the greenhouse to reduce the density of germs in the greenhouse.
Further, step S002, water and liquid fertilizer are regularly sprayed into the seedling raising hole trays, redundant liquid fertilizer permeates into soil below the seedling raising hole trays from the bottoms of the seedling raising hole trays and gaps between the seedling raising hole trays, when the selenium sha gua seedlings in the seedling raising hole trays of the same batch grow 2-3 true leaves, the selenium sha gua seedlings have a seedling emergence condition, specifically, in the last ten days of 3 months, the seedling raising hole trays are placed in the greenhouse, seedlings begin to be raised, and an empty seedling raising hole tray is further arranged at the bottoms of the seedling raising hole trays so that the seedling raising hole trays are separated from the ground.
Further, "step S005, close warmhouse booth 'S air outlet, the quilt is rolled up, and high temperature smolders the sun-cured soil to make the nutrition fertilizer who permeates to the underground transfer to surface layer soil through the high temperature capillary action of water on, kill germ and the worm' S ovum in the warmhouse booth" specifically do simultaneously: closing an air outlet of the greenhouse in the first 6 th month, and tightly airing the soil at high temperature to transfer the nutrition fertilizer infiltrated into the underground to surface soil through the high-temperature capillary action of water, killing germs and worm eggs in the greenhouse at the same time, and completing the high-temperature tight airing of the soil in the first 7 th month, wherein in the process of tightly airing the soil, the cotton quilt is put down at 7 o 'clock afternoon and half day, and is rolled up at 7 o' clock morning every day to keep the high temperature in the greenhouse; at 12 to 2 pm every day, the upper ventilation opening of the greenhouse is opened to reduce the humidity in the greenhouse and enhance the transpiration in the greenhouse, so that the water and fertilizer can be lifted to the ground surface from the ground.
Further, "step S007, level the land and form ridges, mulching the ridged ridges, digging holes on the furrows with the ridges at a predetermined interval and planting peppers" specifically, level the land and form ridges in the middle 7 months, mulching the ridges with the ridges, digging holes on the furrows with the ridges with the predetermined interval and planting peppers.
Further, the step S009 of cleaning the pepper seedlings and the plastic films on the ridges and ploughing includes: cleaning the pepper seedlings and the plastic films on the soil ridges and ploughing in 1 month.
Further, step S010, opening a plastic film on the greenhouse, and killing insect eggs and bacteria at a low temperature by nature specifically comprises: in the middle 1 month, the plastic film on the greenhouse is opened, and natural low temperature is utilized to kill insect eggs and bacteria.
In the prior art, when the greenhouse is used for raising seedlings, seedling raising hole trays are placed on a frame for raising the seedlings. The seedling raising mode is beneficial to the moisture removal of the seedlings and the management of seedling raising hole trays, such as seedling separation and transportation. But also has higher requirements on the heat insulation performance in the greenhouse. The invention places the seedling raising hole tray on the ground. Because the heat storage capacity of the soil is stronger than that of the air, and the heat dissipation is slower than that of the air. The temperature of the earth surface is used at night to ensure that the environmental temperature of the seedlings can meet the requirement. Meanwhile, the humidity of the ground surface is high, and the use of water can be reduced. Meanwhile, in order to prevent water from accumulating in the seedling raising hole tray, an empty seedling raising hole tray is placed below the seedling raising hole tray, so that redundant water in the seedling raising hole tray can flow away from the empty seedling raising hole tray below the seedling raising hole tray.
The growth period of the pepper is long, generally more than 5 months. And the required nutrient components are similar to those of the seedlings. The peppers are planted after the seedlings are raised, and the utilization rate of the greenhouse is improved. This is also what the seedling greenhouse big-arch shelter of prior art can not accomplish. The existing greenhouse for seedling cultivation can not plant other crops due to the seedbed support. The seedbed support is very many, and the occupied space is very big, and the transport is very inconvenient. After continuous seedling culture for many years, the soil in the greenhouse can become eutrophic raw soil, which is very unfavorable for planting crops. The seedling and pepper planting rotation of the invention not only improves the economic benefit of the greenhouse, but also ensures that the land can not become raw soil, and crops such as grains and the like can be planted immediately even after the later period of dismantling.
The seedling and pepper planting rotation of the invention can also prevent the accumulation of pathogenic bacteria. After the pepper is planted, a plurality of pathogenic bacteria can be accumulated in the soil. Through freezing and killing in winter, disinfection of a greenhouse before seedling growing and smoldering and killing in summer, accumulation of pathogenic bacteria can be reduced, and therefore seedlings and hot peppers are less prone to getting ill. Therefore, the pesticide sprayed on the planted peppers is very little, and consumers can eat the peppers healthily. The seedling stage is from early March to early 5 Yue, the blind killing in the first 6 Yue to the first 7 Yue, the pepper planting in the middle 7 Yue to the first 1 Yue, and the blind killing in the winter in the middle 1 Yue. The whole link is very compact, sufficient time can be provided for rest or travel outside in the gap of busy farming, and the management is more humanized.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A crop rotation method for selenium sand melon seedling culture and pepper planting by utilizing a greenhouse for selenium sand melon seedling culture is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s001, leveling and compacting the soil in the greenhouse to facilitate placing seedling raising plug trays;
s002, orderly placing the seedling raising plug trays with the selenium sand melon seeds on the land, and reserving a channel for people to pass through on the land;
step S003, regularly spraying water and liquid fertilizer into the seedling raising hole trays, enabling redundant liquid fertilizer to permeate into soil below the seedling raising hole trays from the bottoms of the seedling raising hole trays and gaps among the seedling raising hole trays, and enabling the selenium shaggua seedlings in the seedling raising hole trays of the same batch to grow 2-3 true leaves, wherein the selenium shaggua seedlings have seedling emergence conditions;
step S004, transporting the seedling raising hole trays with seedling emergence conditions out of the greenhouse in batches according to requirements until all the seedling raising hole trays are transported out of the greenhouse;
step S005, closing an air outlet of the greenhouse, rolling up the cotton quilt, and tightly drying the soil at high temperature to transfer the nutrient fertilizer infiltrated into the underground to surface soil through the high-temperature capillary action of water, and simultaneously killing germs and worm eggs in the greenhouse;
s006, replilling the land in the greenhouse with the seedling culture hole tray emptied to prepare for the subsequent pepper planting;
step S007, leveling and ridging the land, mulching the ridging soil ridges, digging holes on the mulching soil ridges according to a preset interval and planting hot peppers;
step S008, irrigating, fertilizing, pest control and pepper harvesting are carried out on the peppers according to a pepper management method, and during the growth process of the peppers, the nutrition fertilizer infiltrated into the ground in the step S003 is transferred to surface soil through the high-temperature capillary action of water and is absorbed by the roots of the peppers;
step S009, cleaning the pepper seedlings and plastic films on the soil ridges and ploughing;
and S010, opening a plastic film on the greenhouse, and killing insect eggs and bacteria at low temperature naturally.
2. The crop rotation method for selenium sand melon seedling culture and pepper planting by using the greenhouse for selenium sand melon seedling culture as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: step S001, leveling and compacting the land in the greenhouse so as to place seedling culture hole trays, specifically: leveling the land in the greenhouse in the middle of 2 months, and meanwhile, disinfecting the greenhouse to reduce the density of germs in the greenhouse.
3. The crop rotation method for selenium sand melon seedling culture and pepper planting by using the greenhouse for selenium sand melon seedling culture as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: step S002, water and liquid fertilizer are regularly sprayed into the seedling raising hole trays, redundant liquid fertilizer permeates into soil below the seedling raising hole trays from the bottoms of the seedling raising hole trays and gaps among the seedling raising hole trays, when 2-3 true leaves grow out of selenium sha gua seedlings in the seedling raising hole trays of the same batch, the selenium sha gua seedlings have a seedling emergence condition, specifically, in the last ten days of 3 months, the seedling raising hole trays are placed in a greenhouse, seedlings begin to be raised, and an empty seedling raising hole tray is further arranged at the bottoms of the seedling raising hole trays so that the seedling raising hole trays are separated from the ground.
4. The crop rotation method for selenium sand melon seedling culture and pepper planting by using the greenhouse for selenium sand melon seedling culture as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: step S005, closing an air outlet of the greenhouse, rolling up the cotton quilt, and tightly drying the soil at high temperature so that the nutrient fertilizer permeating into the underground is transferred to surface soil through the high-temperature capillary action of water, and simultaneously killing germs and worm eggs in the greenhouse are concretely as follows: closing an air outlet of the greenhouse in the first 6 th month, and tightly airing the soil at high temperature to transfer the nutrition fertilizer infiltrated into the underground to surface soil through the high-temperature capillary action of water, killing germs and worm eggs in the greenhouse at the same time, and completing the high-temperature tight airing of the soil in the first 7 th month, wherein in the process of tightly airing the soil, the cotton quilt is put down at 7 o 'clock afternoon and half day, and is rolled up at 7 o' clock morning every day to keep the high temperature in the greenhouse; at 12 to 2 pm every day, the upper ventilation opening of the greenhouse is opened to reduce the humidity in the greenhouse and enhance the transpiration in the greenhouse, so that the water and fertilizer can be lifted to the ground surface from the ground.
5. The crop rotation method for selenium sand melon seedling culture and pepper planting by using the greenhouse for selenium sand melon seedling culture as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: step S007 of leveling and ridging the land, mulching the ridged soil ridges, digging holes on the furrows with the ridges at a predetermined interval, and planting peppers, includes leveling and ridging the land in the middle 7 th month, mulching the furrows with the ridges, digging holes on the furrows with the ridges at a predetermined interval, and planting peppers.
6. The crop rotation method for selenium sand melon seedling culture and pepper planting by using the greenhouse for selenium sand melon seedling culture as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: step S009, cleaning the pepper seedlings and plastic films on the soil ridges and ploughing specifically comprises the following steps: cleaning the pepper seedlings and the plastic films on the soil ridges and ploughing in 1 month.
7. The crop rotation method for selenium sand melon seedling culture and pepper planting by using the greenhouse for selenium sand melon seedling culture as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: "step S010: the method comprises the following steps of opening a plastic film on a greenhouse, and killing insect eggs and bacteria at low temperature: in the middle 1 month, the plastic film on the greenhouse is opened, and natural low temperature is utilized to kill insect eggs and bacteria.
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