CN111034606A - Cultivating device for sprouting vegetables and application thereof - Google Patents
Cultivating device for sprouting vegetables and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111034606A CN111034606A CN202010040270.0A CN202010040270A CN111034606A CN 111034606 A CN111034606 A CN 111034606A CN 202010040270 A CN202010040270 A CN 202010040270A CN 111034606 A CN111034606 A CN 111034606A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cultivating device of sprouting vegetables and application thereof, which can effectively solve the problem of small-scale, simple and efficient cultivating of sprouting vegetables in a family environment or a specific environment, wherein the lower edge of an upper cover is embedded on the upper edge of a bottom box to form a ventilating and shading cavity body; a water absorption base support parallel to the inner bottom surface of the bottom box is placed in a cavity body of the bottom box, the periphery of the upper part of the water absorption base support is provided with a peripheral edge to form a cultivation tray for sprouting vegetables, the water absorption base support is composed of the cultivation tray and a plurality of support legs at the lower part of the cultivation tray, a water storage cavity is arranged below the cultivation tray, water absorption media are filled in the cultivation tray and the support leg cavities, the lower end of the peripheral wall of each support leg is provided with a plurality of water permeable holes, and the cultivation tray is provided with water permeable holes communicated with the hollow support legs; the top of the upper cover is provided with a top light-blocking and ventilating channel, and the edges of the upper cover and the bottom box are embedded to form an embedded light-blocking and ventilating channel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to vegetable planting, in particular to a cultivating device for sprouting vegetables and application thereof.
Background
the sprouting vegetable is a kind of fast-growing vegetable which is made up by using seeds or other nutritive organs of plant and cultivating them in the dark or light condition to obtain the tender shoots, sprouts, tips or stalks which can be eaten, and has the advantages of crisp and tender taste, rich nutrients, short growth period, flexible production field selection and no need of chemical fertilizer and pesticide in the course of production.
The variety of the sprouting vegetable can be dozens of sprouting vegetables, such as pea seedlings, pine willow seedlings, radish seedlings, wheat seedlings and the like, the growth period is usually five to ten days, for example, the sprouting vegetable can be cultivated in a household by self to bring good ornamental and leisure experience, and small-scale self-production vegetables can be provided for special groups under specific environments. However, the growth of the sprouting vegetable has special condition requirements, and particularly, when the sprouting vegetable is cultivated in a family or in a small scale, the good quality of the sprouting vegetable is ensured, and the operation and management are simple and convenient, so that higher requirements are provided for the simplicity and the practicability of a cultivation device and a cultivation technology. For example, sprouting vegetables grown in a dark environment are tender and yellow in color and have a crisp and tender mouthfeel due to chlorophyll deficiency, whereas sprouting vegetables grown in a light condition are rich in chlorophyll, emerald green in color, usually rich in fiber and poor in mouthfeel. Therefore, a plurality of bud seedling vegetables need to be shielded from light in the whole cultivation process, while some bud seedling vegetables need to be shielded from light in a certain growth stage, and the whole process needs to ensure that water is continuously and uniformly supplemented according to needs.
When the existing planting and culturing technology is adopted to culture the sprouting vegetables in a small scale in a family environment or a specific environment, the following technical difficulties exist: firstly, the proper growth conditions which are light-proof and air-permeable are difficult to provide, the humidity in the growth space is too high and the air condition is deteriorated easily due to light-proof, and various kinds of bacteria are easy to breed and the seeds are mildewed and rotten; secondly, watering is carried out regularly and quantitatively for a plurality of times every day to ensure that the roots of the bud seedlings are moistened to prevent water shortage and wilting and aging and the seeds are not submerged to cause suffocation death.
The existing household and small-scale sprout cultivation containers are both cultivation plates or cultivation boxes, a screen plate is placed at the bottom, seeds are placed on the screen plate after being soaked in advance, a small water storage space is reserved at the lower part, water supply is insufficient or dried up due to water level reduction, therefore, the water level must be strictly controlled, 3-4 times of manual spraying or irrigating are needed to supplement water consumption, the water supplementing operation in one cultivation period reaches up to 20-30 times, not only energy is consumed, but also operation accuracy is required, the cultivation container is particularly difficult for household spare planting, bud seedlings are withered and aged or even dried up and dead due to forgetting to supplement water, and seeds are submerged due to excessive supplement water to cause rotten seeds; and then watering for many times every day, and frequently opening a shade, so that the bud seedlings are exposed to light for greening too early, fast excessive growth is inhibited, plants are squashed and small, the yield is reduced, especially for bean seedling crops, the crude fiber is increased remarkably, the flavor and the taste are poor, and the edible value is lost.
The harsh conditions and complicated operations bring a series of inconveniences to families and small-scale cultivation of the sprouting vegetables; the defects of labor and time waste, energy consumption and high failure rate become main reasons for restricting the family planting and the special-demand planting popularization and application of the sprouting vegetables.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a sprout cultivation device and an application thereof, which can effectively solve the problem of small-scale, simple and efficient sprout cultivation in a household environment or a specific environment.
The invention has the technical scheme that the cultivating device for the sprouting vegetables comprises an upper cover and a bottom box, wherein the lower edge of the upper cover is embedded on the upper edge of the bottom box to form a ventilating and shading cavity body; a water absorption base support parallel to the inner bottom surface of the bottom box is placed in a cavity body of the bottom box, the periphery of the upper portion of the water absorption base support is provided with a peripheral edge which is connected with the water absorption base support and extends upwards to form a cultivation tray (or a cultivation tray) of the sprouting vegetable, the water absorption base support is composed of the cultivation tray and a plurality of support legs at the lower portion of the cultivation tray, a water storage cavity is arranged below the cultivation tray, water absorption media are filled in cavities of the cultivation tray and the support legs, the water absorption media are uniformly distributed in the cultivation tray to reach a certain thickness but are not full, a plurality of first water permeable holes are formed in the lower end of the peripheral wall of the support legs, and second water permeable holes communicated with the hollow support legs are formed in the cultivation tray to form; the top of the upper cover is provided with a top light-blocking and ventilating channel, and the edges of the upper cover and the bottom box are embedded to form an embedded light-blocking and ventilating channel which is the lower light-blocking and ventilating channel of the cultivation cavity.
The cultivation device of the sprouting vegetable is effectively used for cultivating the sprouting vegetable (or cultivating the plant seedling), the method is that after the water-absorbing base support is placed into the bottom box, a cultivation cavity (cultivation chamber) formed by embedding the bottom box and the upper cover is divided into an upper part and a lower part, a sprouting growth space is arranged above the cultivation tray, a water storage chamber is arranged at the lower part of the cultivation tray, the volume of the water storage chamber is designed according to the water consumption of the cultivated sprouting vegetable or plant seedling in one growth cycle and is provided with redundancy, so that the added water quantity meets the water-absorbing expansion requirement after the sowing of the seeds and the full growth cycle requirement of the sprouting vegetable or plant seedling. When the sprouting vegetable is cultivated, seeds are placed on a water absorption medium in a cultivation tray, a loose water absorption medium with the thickness of 0.5-6mm is covered, water is injected into a bottom box and the cultivation tray, the seeds are immersed or slightly immersed at the water level, and the sprouting vegetable is usually cultivated at room temperature for 5-10 days; when the yellow bud seedlings with chlorophyll deficiency need to be produced, the whole process of shading culture is needed; when green sprouts need to be produced, shading can be carried out in the early stage of growth, the shading upper cover is removed for illumination greening before harvesting, and the illumination intensity is more than or equal to 500Lux after scattered natural light or indoor lamp illumination, and the total time reaches 12 hours.
The device disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, easy to manufacture and convenient to use, greatly simplifies the production operation of the sprouting vegetables, can meet the requirements of various groups on sprouting vegetable planting, and has the advantages of wide application range, strong applicability and huge economic and social benefits.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an external perspective view of the device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional front view of the device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the upper cover of the device of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the bottom case of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a cavity of a filled water-absorbing base of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the filled water-absorbing base cavity of the device of the present invention after filling water-absorbing medium.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the light and air blocking passage at the top of the upper cover of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the light-blocking and ventilation channel of the present invention at the position where the upper cover and the bottom case are engaged.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a capillary sheet assembled water absorbent base of the device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in figures 1-8, the cultivating device for the sprouting vegetable comprises an upper cover and a bottom box, wherein the lower edge 2-1 of the upper cover 2 is embedded on the upper edge 1-1 of the bottom box 1 to form a cavity body which is air-permeable and light-proof; a water absorption base support 4 parallel to the inner bottom surface of the bottom box is placed in a cavity body of the bottom box, the periphery of the upper part of the water absorption base support 4 is provided with a peripheral edge 9 which is connected with the water absorption base support and extends upwards to form a cultivation tray (or cultivation tray) 10 of the sprouting vegetable, the water absorption base support 4 is composed of the cultivation tray 10 and a plurality of support legs 5 at the lower part of the cultivation tray, a water storage chamber is arranged below the cultivation tray 10, cavities of the cultivation tray 10 and the support legs 5 are filled with water absorption media 7, the water absorption media 7 are uniformly distributed in the cultivation tray 10 to reach a certain thickness but are not filled, the lower end of the peripheral wall of each support leg is provided with a plurality of first water permeable holes 8, and the cultivation tray is provided with second water permeable holes 8-1 communicated with hollow support legs to form a water absorption structure; the top of the upper cover 2 is provided with a top light-blocking and ventilating channel 3, and the edges of the upper cover 2 and the bottom box 1 are embedded to form an embedded light-blocking and ventilating channel 6 which is a lower light-blocking and ventilating channel of the cultivation cavity.
The bottom box 1 and the upper cover 2 are both square or round hollow shells made of waterproof shading engineering plastics;
the water absorbing medium is composed of one or a mixture of more than two of granular or floccules of expanded perlite, rock wool, vermiculite, shredded paper, peat soil, coconut coir, humus, plant fiber, hydrophilic artificial fiber and the like in any mass ratio;
the top light-blocking and ventilating channel 3 is an S-shaped bent channel which is formed between the upper layer 3-1 and the lower layer 3-2 of the upper cover 2, the outer end of the S-shaped bent channel is communicated with the atmosphere outside the box body, and the inner end of the S-shaped bent channel is communicated with the cultivation cavity; the embedded light-blocking and ventilating channel 6 is formed by embedding an upper cover and a bottom box, a lower convex part 6-1 on the lower edge of the upper cover 2 is embedded with an outer convex part 6-2 on the upper edge side of the bottom box 1, an upper convex part 6-3 on the lower edge of the upper cover 2 and an inner convex part 6-4 on the upper edge side of the bottom box 1 form an L-shaped embedded light-blocking and ventilating channel 6 together, the outer end of the channel is communicated with the atmosphere outside the box body, and the inner end of the channel is communicated with a cultivation cavity.
The water absorbing base can be a filling type water absorbing base as shown in figures 5 and 6 or an assembling type water absorbing base as shown in figure 9, but the water absorbing base with any structure has the same application and effect, and any one of the water absorbing bases belongs to the protection scope of the invention.
When the device is used, the application method of the device is the same as that of the invention, and the device is not re-copied.
The device of the invention, when specifically manufactured and used:
firstly, filling type water absorption base:
the filling type water absorption base support cavity is made of water-resistant materials such as nontoxic engineering plastics and the like, can be integrally in a fine grid shape or a thin shell shape, a plurality of first water permeable holes 8 are formed in the lower end of the peripheral wall of the supporting leg of the base support cavity, a second water permeable hole 8-1 communicated with the hollow supporting leg is formed in the cultivation tray, when the cultivation tray is used, water absorption media are filled in the base support cavity to form a water absorption structure of the water absorption base support, and the water absorption media are uniformly distributed in the cultivation tray 10 to reach a certain thickness but are not filled (see fig. 5 and 6).
The water absorbing medium mainly comprises: the mineral fiber is prepared from expanded perlite, rock wool, vermiculite, paper scraps, peat soil, coconut husk, humus, plant fiber, hydrophilic artificial fiber, and one or more of the above materials.
Secondly, assembling type water absorption base support:
the assembled water absorption base support is formed by assembling and combining a water absorption sheet panel component and a water absorption sheet supporting leg component. The water-absorbing sheet can be sheet capillary water-absorbing material made of plant fiber, animal fiber, hydrophilic chemical fiber, hydrophilic porous polymer, hydrophilic porous mineral, hydrophilic mineral fiber, etc., the sheet material can not be loose and disintegrated in water, and can keep shape and certain mechanical strength, and the thickness of the water-absorbing sheet is 2-10mm (see figure 9).
When in use, the assembled water-absorbing base support is put into the bottom box of the device, namely the space of the bottom box is divided into two parts, a sprout seedling growing space is arranged above the water-absorbing base support panel, a water storage space is arranged at the lower part of the water-absorbing base support panel, the volume of the water storage space is designed according to the water consumption of one growing period of the cultivated sprout seedlings and is provided with redundancy, after seeding, the added water quantity is close to or slightly submerging the seeds, the water quantity can meet the requirement of water absorption and expansion after the seeds are sown and also can meet the requirement of the full growth period of the bud seedlings, the conventional seed soaking and sowing steps are combined into one, the seed soaking operation process is omitted, the water level is correspondingly reduced to the proper height after the seeds are soaked and expanded, although the water level is continuously reduced in the subsequent seedling growth process, but the water stored at the lower part of the container is continuously led upwards to the root by the capillary action of the water absorption base, thereby meeting the requirements of the rooting of seeds and the growth of plants.
After the water absorption base support is placed, the seeds are uniformly distributed on a base support panel (a cultivation tray), the seed coverage rate is 50% -90%, the seeds are covered by loose water absorption media, the granularity of the water absorption media is 1-3mm, the covering thickness is 0.5-6mm, sufficient water is added at one time, the added water quantity is close to or slightly submerges the seeds, then the seeds are covered by an upper cover, cultivation is carried out at proper environmental temperature according to the growth temperature requirements of different crops, and manual intervention management is not needed in the whole process.
When the yellow bud seedlings with chlorophyll deficiency need to be produced, the whole process of shading culture is needed; when green sprouts need to be produced, shading can be carried out in the early stage of growth, the shading upper cover is removed for illumination greening before harvesting, and the illumination intensity is more than or equal to 500Lux after scattered natural light or indoor lamp illumination, and the total time reaches 12 hours.
The device and the planting method provided by the invention can meet the requirements of various non-professional groups on the planting of the sprouting vegetables; the planting device can be made into different sizes and capacities, all materials required for planting can be placed in the same package to form a planting material integrated package, and the planting material integrated package can be used after being unpacked, so that the planting device is convenient for commercial production and sale and convenient for storage and transportation, and the used raw materials are low in price, easy to make and obtain, meet the requirements of food safety standards, and have no pollution to the environment. Compared with the existing household and factory planting modes, the method does not need to water regularly and quantitatively for many times every day, saves the most time-consuming and labor-consuming operation process in the planting process, does not need to be additionally provided with special culture equipment and environmental conditions, and can reach the environmental temperature suitable for human life, thereby being suitable for household use, small-batch self-production of sprouting vegetables in field stationed units, ocean vessels and island reefs, and wide country and various climatic conditions in China; the device can be used for producing various bean sprout vegetables, vegetable sprout vegetables, herbaceous plant sprout vegetables and the like, has a common production period of five to ten days according to different varieties, and can also be used as a vegetable seedling culture device and various plant seedling culture devices. Because the whole process after sowing does not need any operation, professional training is not needed, the production field is not limited, and only the space capable of accommodating the culture container is needed, the method is particularly suitable for producing the sprouting vegetables in a narrow space, the illumination intensity can reach 500Lux when producing green sprouting vegetables, and greening can be realized after natural light or indoor lamp light irradiation for accumulating for 12 hours; the water storage tank can also be used for production in the process of vehicle and ship advancing, and because the water is stored at the lower part of the tank and is covered by the water absorption base support, the water can still be ensured not to be thrown out in a large bumping state. In the process of culturing experiments in a traveling process by using an automobile trunk, planting experiments of the spicy pea seedlings are carried out, the planting experiments are carried out in the advancing process of a highway, a mountain winding road and a soil and stone road, the duration is 7 days, the travel is 1800km, and the yield and the quality of the harvested yellow sprouting vegetable finished products are the same as those of fixed planting.
Under the condition of self-sufficient production of small-batch sprout vegetables, non-professional personnel can both sow and harvest by using the cultivating device and the complete set of consumables, so that the labor hour and the energy consumption of management are greatly reduced, the comprehensive cost is reduced, and the success rate is improved. Under the environment that professional production facilities cannot be built and operated, narrow spaces in life, working environments, vehicles and ships and the like can be utilized, effective space is not occupied or is occupied less, and rapid and flexible production and supply are carried out as required; under the condition that long-distance transportation and replenishment of leaf vegetables cannot be carried out in remote areas, and under the conditions of severe climate and water shortage in remote areas such as ships, islands, mountains and deserts, the leaf vegetables can be used as supplements and substitutes for leaf vegetables to be produced. Through field tests and application tests, the method has irreplaceable advantages and very good effects compared with the conventional planting mode under the conditions of families and small-scale production, and the related information is as follows:
the method of the invention carries out a planting comparison test with the prior conventional method, takes the peas as experimental materials: at 170cm250g of seeds are sown on the sowing area, the conventional planting needs to be sprayed and watered once every three hours until the total water consumption for harvesting is 2200ml, the water consumption for one-time irrigation of the method is 600ml, the water consumption is 450ml, the water consumption is about 27% of the conventional planting, the unit yield is slightly higher, and experimental comparison data are provided.
The comparison test results and data show that the height of the plant cultured by the method is obviously higher than that of a control group, the leaves are smaller and fewer, the yield is higher, and the taste is fragrant, sweet, crisp and tender. The control group has low yield, more and larger leaves, more crude fiber, poorer mouthfeel and flavor, and the two forms have obvious difference. The first table shows the comparative experimental conditions and results (the control group used the existing culture apparatus and the operation method of seed soaking and watering many times a day under the same environmental conditions, seeding amount, seeding area, illumination intensity and duration).
The experimental variety is as follows: semen Sesami Niger; seed weight: 50g of the total weight of the mixture; sowing density: about 70 percent of the total weight is uniformly distributed;
the culture temperature is as follows: 20 +/-2 ℃; illumination: the laboratory is shaded for 6.5 days, and the natural scattered light plus lamplight (500 +/-20 Lux) is illuminated for greening for 0.5 days.
Group of the invention (using the cultivation apparatus and method of the invention):
quantity: 10 boxes; planting area: 170cm2X 10 boxes; seeding rate: 50g × 10; and (3) growth time: and 7 days.
Control (using commercially available culture dish and conventional method):
quantity: 10 disks; planting area: 170cm × 10 disc; seeding rate: 50g × 10; and (3) growth time: 7 days (seed soaking time 12 h).
Table one comparative experimental conditions and results:
example 1:
when the invention is implemented specifically, the bottom box 1 and the upper cover 2 are box bodies made of light-proof and waterproof materials, in the embodiment, food-grade plastics are selected and injection-molded; the bottom box 1 and the upper cover 2 can be mutually embedded, a water absorbing base 4 is arranged in the bottom box, a top light-blocking and ventilating channel 3 is arranged above the upper cover 2, and air can pass in a zigzag way but direct light cannot pass through; after the bottom box 1 is embedded with the upper cover 2, a plurality of embedded light-blocking and air-permeable channels 6 which can be bent and passed by air but can not be passed by direct light are formed at the embedding part, thereby forming a light-blocking and air-permeable sprout cultivation space. The bottom box can be internally provided with a filling type water absorption base (figure 6) or an assembling type water absorption base (figure 9).
The shape and the size of the water absorption base support 4 (figures 6 and 9) are matched with the inner cavity of the bottom box 1 and can be placed in the inner cavity, the upper end surface of the water absorption base support 4 is lower than the opening edge of the bottom box 1, three or more water absorption supporting legs 5 are arranged on the water absorption base support 4, and the lower space of the water absorption base support panel (cultivation tray) can store a little more water than the water required by one growth cycle of the sprouting vegetables.
Taking a filling type water absorption base as an example, a water absorption base 4 is placed in a cavity of a bottom box, a peripheral edge 9 which is connected with the water absorption base 4 and extends upwards is arranged on the periphery of the upper portion of the water absorption base 4 to form a cultivation tray 10 (or a cultivation tray) of the sprouting vegetable, the water absorption base 4 is composed of the cultivation tray 10 and a plurality of support legs 5 on the lower portion of the cultivation tray 10, the space below the cultivation tray 10 is used as a water storage chamber, water absorption media 7 are filled in the cultivation tray 10 and the support leg cavities 5, the water absorption media 7 are uniformly distributed in the cultivation tray 10 to reach a certain thickness and are not filled, a plurality of first water permeable holes 8 are arranged at the lower end of the peripheral wall of each support leg, and second water permeable holes 8-1 communicated with the support legs 5 are arranged on the cultivation tray 10 to form a water absorption structure; the top of the upper cover 2 is provided with a light-blocking and ventilating channel 3, and the edges of the upper cover 2 and the bottom box 1 are embedded to form an embedded light-blocking and ventilating channel 6 which is a lower light-blocking and ventilating channel of the cultivation cavity.
The filling type water absorption base support cavity is made of food-grade plastics through injection molding or plastic suction molding, a capillary water absorption medium is filled in the cavity and is filled with the cavity, and the capillary medium material can be expanded perlite, rock wool, vermiculite, paper scraps, peat soil, coconut husk, humus, plant fibers, hydrophilic artificial fibers and the like.
The invention adopts peat soil for filling.
Example 2: manufacturing an assembled water absorption base (figure 9). Each prefabricated component with the thickness of 2-10mm can be tightly matched, and can be assembled to form an assembled water-absorbing base support assembly (shown in figure 9), and the forming method of each component can be molding, die cutting, laser cutting, blanking and the like.
The capillary water-absorbing sheet material can be a sheet material made of plant fiber, animal fiber, hydrophilic chemical fiber, hydrophilic porous polymer, hydrophilic porous mineral, hydrophilic mineral fiber, etc., and the sheet material can not be loosened and disintegrated in water and can keep the shape and a certain mechanical strength.
The capillary water-absorbing sheet adopted in the embodiment is a hydrophilic wool felt with the thickness of 4mm, and is formed by laser cutting.
Example 3:
taking a breeding method of the spicy pea sprouting vegetable as an example:
placing a filling type culture medium support cavity with a seeding area of 170mm into a bottom box, filling peat soil into the cavity of a water absorption supporting leg, slightly compacting, continuously filling peat soil into a cultivation tray and leveling, wherein the granularity interval of the peat soil is 1-5mm, the filling thickness is 2-6mm, in this case 5mm, weighing 50g of garden pea seeds, uniformly sowing the seeds thereon, the coverage rate is 65-70%, screening the peat soil culture medium with the granularity interval of 0.5-3mm, filling the gaps between the seeds and covering the seeds, the coverage thickness is 0.5-3mm, then slowly injecting clear water into the bottom box, the filling water volume is about 600mL, slightly immersing the seeds on the water surface, placing the seeds at the ambient temperature of 20 +/-3 ℃ for cultivation, covering for 6 days without manual intervention management, opening an upper cover for shading on the 6 th day for greening, collected on day 7. And if the yellow bud seedling vegetable needs to be obtained, the shading upper cover does not need to be opened, the whole shading cultivation is carried out, and the harvesting is carried out on the 7 th day.
The water absorbing base support can continuously absorb and uniformly distribute water into the water absorbing medium layer laid in the cultivation tray, so that the water content of the water absorbing medium is always kept at 62-78%, the water absorbing base support is suitable for seedling growth, water required by normal growth of sprouting vegetables is supplied, and the root system can be ensured to breathe and supply oxygen. The volume of the water storage chamber at the lower part of the cultivation tray is designed according to the water consumption of the cultivated sprouting vegetable in one growth cycle, redundancy is reserved, secondary watering is not needed midway, the cultivation operation management process of the sprouting vegetable is greatly simplified, errors of exposure to light, excessive watering, forgetting watering and the like caused by frequent watering operation are avoided, and the success rate, the quality and the yield of sprouting vegetable cultivation are improved.
The breathable light-tight structure designed by the cultivation device can ensure that the cultivation environment in the device is free of illumination, can ensure that air exchange is carried out between the inside and the outside of the container, prevents seeds from mildewing and decaying, enables the sprouting vegetables to complete the growth process of one period until harvesting in an unattended state, is an innovation of the sprouting vegetable cultivation device and a technological method, and has huge economic and social benefits.
Claims (6)
1. A cultivating device for sprouting vegetables comprises an upper cover and a bottom box, and is characterized in that the lower edge (2-1) of the upper cover (2) is embedded on the upper edge (1-1) of the bottom box (1) to form a cavity body which is air-permeable and light-proof; a water absorption base support (4) parallel to the inner bottom surface of the bottom box is placed in a cavity body of the bottom box, a peripheral edge (9) which is connected with the water absorption base support and extends upwards is arranged on the periphery of the upper portion of the water absorption base support (4) to form a cultivation tray (10) of the sprouting vegetable, the water absorption base support (4) is composed of the cultivation tray (10) and a plurality of support legs (5) on the lower portion of the cultivation tray (10), a water storage cavity is formed below the cultivation tray (10), water absorption media (7) are filled in cavities of the cultivation tray (10) and the support legs (5), the water absorption media (7) are uniformly distributed in the cultivation tray (10) to reach a certain thickness but are not full, a plurality of first water permeable holes (8) are formed in the lower end of the peripheral wall of the support legs, and second water permeable holes (8-1) communicated with the hollow support legs are formed in the cultivation tray; the top of the upper cover (2) is provided with a top light-blocking and ventilating channel (3), and the edges of the upper cover (2) and the bottom box (1) are embedded to form an embedded light-blocking and ventilating channel (6), which is a lower light-blocking and ventilating channel of the cultivation cavity.
2. The sprouting vegetable cultivating device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom case (1) and the upper cover (2) are both square or round hollow shells made of waterproof and lightproof engineering plastics.
3. The device for cultivating a sprouting vegetable as claimed in claim 1, wherein said water absorbing medium is composed of one or a mixture of two or more of granular or floccules of expanded perlite, rock wool, vermiculite, shredded paper, peat soil, coconut coir, humus, plant fiber, hydrophilic artificial fiber and the like at an arbitrary mass ratio.
4. The sprouting vegetable cultivating device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top light-blocking and ventilating channel (3) is an S-shaped curved channel which is formed by the upper layer (3-1) and the lower layer (3-2) of the upper cover (2) and has an outer end communicated with the atmosphere outside the box body and an inner end communicated with the cultivation cavity.
5. The sprouting vegetable cultivating device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the embedded light-blocking and ventilation channel (6) is formed by an upper cover and a bottom box which are embedded, a lower protruding part (6-1) on the lower edge of the upper cover (2) is embedded with an outer protrusion (6-2) on the upper edge side of the bottom box (1), an upper protruding part (6-3) on the lower edge of the upper cover (2) and an inner protrusion (6-4) on the upper edge side of the bottom box (1) form an L-shaped embedded light-blocking and ventilation channel (6) together, the outer end of the channel is communicated with the atmosphere outside the box body, and the inner end of the channel is communicated with the cultivating cavity.
6. The method for applying the cultivation device for the sprouting vegetables as claimed in claims 1 to 5, wherein after the water-absorbing base tray is placed in the bottom box, a cultivation cavity formed by the bottom box and the upper cover after being embedded is divided into an upper part and a lower part, a sprouting growth space is arranged above the cultivation tray, a water storage cavity is arranged at the lower part of the cultivation tray, the volume of the water storage cavity is designed according to the water consumption of the cultivated sprouting vegetables or plant seedlings in one growth cycle and is provided with redundancy, so that the added water can meet the water-absorbing expansion requirement after the seeds are sowed and the full growth cycle requirement of the sprouting or plant seedlings; when the sprouting vegetable is cultivated, seeds are placed on a water absorption medium in a cultivation tray, a loose water absorption medium with the thickness of 0.5-6mm is covered, water is injected into a bottom box and the cultivation tray, the seeds are immersed or slightly immersed at the water level, and the sprouting vegetable is usually cultivated at room temperature for 5-10 days; when the yellow bud seedlings with chlorophyll deficiency need to be produced, the whole process of shading culture is needed; when green sprouts need to be produced, shading can be carried out in the early stage of growth, the shading upper cover is removed for illumination greening before harvesting, and the illumination intensity is more than or equal to 500Lux after scattered natural light or indoor lamp illumination, and the total time reaches 12 hours.
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