CN110959449A - Planting method of acacia confusa in coastal rocky zone of south China - Google Patents
Planting method of acacia confusa in coastal rocky zone of south China Download PDFInfo
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- CN110959449A CN110959449A CN201911016632.6A CN201911016632A CN110959449A CN 110959449 A CN110959449 A CN 110959449A CN 201911016632 A CN201911016632 A CN 201911016632A CN 110959449 A CN110959449 A CN 110959449A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention relates to a planting method of acacia confusa in coastal rocky zone of south China, belonging to the technical field of ecological environment construction and protection. The invention provides a planting method of acacia confuse in coastal rock zone of south China, which comprises the following steps: preparing a nutrient medium; preparing a paper nutrition bag; constructing a planting hole; planting acacia confusa seeds in a spot mode and planting nutrition bag seedlings; nursing and nutrition management. According to the planting method of the acacia confusa in the coastal rocky zone of south China, the acacia confusa is taken as a plant community of the population establishing tree species to form a continuous and stable community with combination of trees, shrubs and grasses, and the evergreen acacia confusa can be successfully planted in the coastal rocky zone of south China, so that technical support is provided for landscaping in special vertical places of the coastal rocky zone of south China, and the planting method has important significance for environmental construction and urban greening.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a planting method of acacia confusa in coastal rocky zone of south China, belonging to the technical field of ecological environment construction and protection.
Background
At present, the problem of how to make landscaping of exposed rock zones of coastal cities and countryside is increasingly prominent. Therefore, many gardeners have conducted many beneficial explorations to solve this problem, and have also proposed a number of more successful approaches. For example, there are climbing plants such as morning glory, polygonum capitatum and kudzu and there are conventional flowers and plants covered by building a support, but there is no case of successfully planting tree species in bare rock gaps in the coast of south China. Practice proves that the methods have the problem that the continuous and stable plant community combined by the arbor, shrub and grass is difficult to establish to different degrees.
The applicant finds that the prior art is more researched on the conventional seedling raising, forestation, management and the like of Taiwan missing, and the position and the action of Taiwan missing in forest communities through databases such as a Chinese science and technology journal database 1989-containing 2018, a Chinese science and economic news database 1992-containing 2018, a Chinese patent abstract database 1985-containing 2018, a Chinese science and technology achievement database 2018, a Chinese science and technology conference paper database 2018-containing version, a Chinese academic position paper database 2018-containing version, a Chinese company product database 2018-containing version and the like. At present, no report is found on a method for planting acacia confusa in coastal rocky zones of south China.
Disclosure of Invention
The acacia confusa has rhizobia which grows rapidly and has nitrogen fixation, is extremely drought-resistant and barren, and can grow normally in stone cracks in little soil as long as the acacia confusa is planted and survived, so the acacia confusa is an important tree species for barren mountain forestation, water and soil conservation and coastal protection forest in south China. The acacia confusa belongs to evergreen trees, the height of the acacia confusa is 6-15 meters, the branches are gray or brown, no thorns, the small branches are fine, the flowers are golden yellow and have slight fragrance, the flowering phase is 3-10 months and the flowering phase is long, a special beautiful landscape with alternate yellow flower and green leaf fall can be formed, and the acacia confusa is a good plant material for building a beautiful urban landscape in bare rock zones of coastal areas of south China. Meanwhile, the acacia confusa tree also has the inclusion of Hainabaichuan, and can contain rich plant diversity in a community taking the acacia confusa as a colony tree, so that various plants including vines, flowers and plants coexist and co-grow to form a continuous and stable plant community.
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a planting method of acacia confusa in the coastal rock zone of south China.
The planting method of the Acacia confuse provided by the invention is characterized in that the Acacia confuse (Acacia convusamerr) which is a evergreen arbor in Taiwan of Mimosaceae and originally produced in Taiwan is planted in coastal rocky zones of south China, solves the problem of difficulty in planting the Acacia confuse in a large area on special lands of the coastal rocky zones (the width of a stone seam is 5-10cm) and special lands which mainly contain bare rocks (accounting for more than 80 percent) and have scattered and staggered soil (accounting for less than 20 percent) on the coastal rocky zones, and provides the two techniques for nursing and nutrition management within 3 years after planting the Acacia confuse in the terrains on the lands.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a planting method of acacia confusa in coastal rocky zone of south China is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a nutrient medium: mixing red soil core soil, garden soil, soil miscellaneous fertilizer and agricultural water-retaining agent, and stirring uniformly to obtain a nutrient substrate;
(2) preparing a paper nutrition bag: flatly folding and punching 6-8 holes with the diameter of 3mm in a paper bag with a back cover made of kraft paper, and then filling the nutrient substrate prepared in the step (1) into the paper bag to obtain the paper nutrient bag;
(3) constructing a planting hole: comprises the steps of planting a planting hole for dibbling seeds or planting a planting hole for placing a seedling-raising nutrition bag;
and (3) constructing planting holes for dibbling seeds: constructing planting holes with length multiplied by width multiplied by (5-10) multiplied by 10cm and depth multiplied by 10cm by utilizing the original stone seams according to the size of the original stone seams;
and (3) planting holes for placing the seedling culture nutrition bags are built: constructing planting holes with the length multiplied by the width of 15 multiplied by 15cm and the depth of 20cm by utilizing the original stone seams;
(4) planting acacia confusa: comprises the planting of dibbling seeds or the planting of nutrition bag seedling;
(5) nursing and nutrition management: and (4) maintaining the acacia confusa planted in the step (4) in the dibbling and seedling raising of the nutrition bags for 3 years for nursing and nutrition management.
Preferably, in the step (1), the nutrient substrate comprises 40-45% of red loam soil, 40-46% of garden soil, 8-20% of miscellaneous soil fertilizers and 1-3% of agricultural water-retaining agents in percentage by weight.
Preferably, the nutrient substrate comprises 45% of red loam core soil, 45% of garden soil, 8% of soil miscellaneous fertilizer and 2% of agricultural water-retaining agent by weight percentage.
Preferably, the red loam core soil is smashed and sieved by a 40-60 mesh sieve, and the sand content of the red loam core soil is 10-20% of that of the red loam core soil; sterilizing and disinfecting the garden soil, smashing and sieving by a 40-60-mesh sieve; the soil miscellaneous fertilizer is decomposed, sterilized, disinfected, smashed and sieved by a sieve of 40-60 meshes.
Preferably, in the step (2), the kraft paper has a model of 100g, and the folded length × width specification of the kraft paper is at least one selected from the group consisting of 5 × 10cm, 6 × 10cm, 7 × 10cm, 8 × 10cm, 9 × 10cm and 10 × 10 cm; the volume of the nutrient substrate filled into the paper nutrition bag accounts for 80% of the volume of the paper nutrition bag.
Preferably, in the step (3), a planting hole is built in a mode of combining digging and chiseling, the planting hole is round or square, a paper nutrition bag or a nutrition bag seedling raising plug is arranged in the planting hole to achieve the planting purpose, and the density of the planting hole is 1 x 1m of plant-row spacing.
Preferably, in step (4), the planting of the dibble seeds: dibbling 3-5 seeds of acacia confusa in the paper nutrition bag prepared in the step (2) after fully absorbing water, covering saw dust with the thickness of 5mm, transplanting the paper nutrition bag into the planting holes for dibbling the seeds in the step (3), filling gaps at the periphery of the planting holes with red loam soil, and then carrying out shading and sun-screening treatment; planting the seedling in the nutrition bag: and (3) peeling off the seedling raising plastic bags from the height of the acacia confusa seedlings cultured by the nutrition bags to be 20-25cm, transferring the acacia confusa seedlings into the planting holes for placing the seedling raising nutrition bags in the step (3), covering soil, compacting, and shading and sun-screening.
Preferably, in step (4), the planting of the dibble seeds: and (3) fully absorbing water in the paper nutrition bag by adopting a watering mode, and dibbling the acacia confusa seeds which are germinated to be white after fully absorbing water and when not dripping water. The planting of the nutrition bag seedling is as follows: applying a conventional nutrition bag, wherein the height of a small seedling is 20-25cm, stripping off a seedling raising plastic bag, slightly pinching the nutrition soil, moving the nutrition soil into the planting hole for placing the seedling raising nutrition bag in the step (3), righting, filling soil, filling surface soil, compacting by layers, covering the soil 2-3cm deeper than the root of the original seedling, and finally covering 1 layer of loose soil; in order to retain precipitation, the outer edge is slightly higher when returning to the ground.
Preferably, in the step (4), the shading and sun-screening treatment is to insert branches or cover weeds or cover a shading net above the planting holes.
Preferably, in step (5), the specific steps of maintaining 3-year care and nutrition management after the acacia taiwanensis seeds are transplanted by dibbling comprise: patrolling for 1 time every 5 days within 1 month after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted; in 2-3 months after the acacia confusa seeds are dibbled and transplanted, 1 patrol is performed every half month; patrolling for 1 time every month from 4 months to the end of the current year after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted; patrolling for 1 time every 3 months within the 2 nd year after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted; and in 3 rd year after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted, 1 patrol is carried out every 3 months.
Preferably, in the 1 st month after the acacia confusa seeds are dibbled and transplanted, the patrol content comprises the storage integrity, the seed germination condition and the humidity condition of the planting holes of the dibbled acacia confusa seeds, and the dibbled acacia confusa seeds are timely supplemented, watered, moisturized and prevented from diseases and insect pests; in 2-3 months after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted, inspecting the patrol contents including the growth condition of the seedlings and the humidity condition of the planting holes, watering in time for moisturizing and preventing plant diseases and insect pests, and broadcasting 0.1g of compound fertilizer once in each hole 5 days before and after 30 days after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted, and watering until the planting holes are thoroughly wetted; in the 4 th month to the end of the current year after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted, the patrol contents comprise the growth condition of acacia confuse seedlings and the humidity condition of planting holes, watering and moisturizing are carried out in time and preventing plant diseases and insect pests, 0.5g of compound fertilizer is spread in each hole within 5 days before and after every two months, and watering is carried out until the planting holes are thoroughly wetted; in the 2 nd year after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted, the patrol contents comprise the growth condition of acacia confuse seedlings and the humidity condition of planting holes, watering and moisturizing are timely carried out, the plant diseases and insect pests are prevented, 10g of compound fertilizer is sprinkled on each hole within 5 days before and after every three months, and watering is carried out until the planting holes are thoroughly wetted; in 3 rd year after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted, the patrol contents comprise the growth condition of acacia confuse seedlings and the humidity condition of planting holes, watering, moisturizing and pest and disease damage preventing are carried out in time, and 20g of compound fertilizer is scattered in each hole within 5 days before and after every three months.
Preferably, the planting time of the acacia confusa is spring or early summer.
Preferably, the coastal lithologic zone has the gradient of less than 70 degrees, can dig planting holes with the length and width of 5-15cm and the depth of 10-20 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention provides a planting method of acacia confusa in coastal lithologic zone of south China, which can form a plant community with combination of trees, shrubs and grasses and continuous stability because the acacia confusa is used as a group-building tree species;
(2) the invention provides a planting method of acacia confusa in a coastal rocky zone of south China, which can successfully plant evergreen arbor acacia confusa in the coastal rocky zone of south China, provides technical support for carrying out landscaping on special vertical places of coastal rocky zones of south China, and has important significance for environmental construction and urban and rural greening;
(3) the invention provides a planting method of acacia confuse in a coastal rocky zone of south China, which solves the problem of difficulty in planting the acacia confuse in a large area on a special vertical land of the coastal rocky zone (the seam width of stones is more than 5-10cm) and a special vertical land of the coastal rocky zone (more than 80 percent) which mainly contains bare rocks and has sporadically staggered soil distribution (less than 20 percent), and simultaneously provides the technologies of nursing and nutrition management within 3 years after planting the acacia confuse in the two vertical lands;
(4) the invention provides a nutrient medium formula used in a planting method of acacia confusa in coastal lithologic zone of south China, which has positive promotion effect on the seedling stock rate and growth of acacia confusa seeds dibbling or nutrition bag seedling afforestation.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention relates to a planting method of acacia confusa in coastal rock zone of south China, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a nutrient medium: taking 45% of red loam core soil (smashed and sieved by a 60-mesh sieve), 46% of garden soil (subjected to sterilization and disinfection treatment and smashed and sieved by a 40-mesh coarse sieve), 8% of soil miscellaneous fertilizer (subjected to decomposition, sterilization and disinfection treatment and smashed and sieved by a 40-mesh sieve) and 1% of agricultural water-retaining agent, wherein the sand accounts for 15% of the weight of the red loam core soil in percentage by weight, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the nutrient substrate;
(2) preparing a paper nutrition bag: flatly folding and punching 6 holes with the diameter of 3mm in a bottom-sealed paper bag sewn by kraft paper with the length, the width and the model of 5 x 10cm and the size of 100g, and then filling the nutrient substrate prepared in the step (1) into the paper bag until the volume of the paper bag is 80%, thus obtaining the paper nutrient bag;
(3) and (3) planting hole construction of dibbling seeds: a square or round planting hole with the length multiplied by the width of 6 multiplied by 10cm and the depth of 10cm is built at the original stone joint in a mode of combining digging and hole drilling;
(4) and (3) dibbling and planting acacia confusa seeds: adopting a multi-time irrigation mode, dibbling 5 Abrus taiwan seeds which are germinated to be white after the paper nutrition bag prepared in the step (2) fully absorbs water and does not drip water, covering saw dust for 5mm to prevent sun and moisturize, transplanting the paper nutrition bag dibbled with the seeds into a proper planting hole, filling gaps at the periphery of the planting hole with red-red soil so as to promote the nursery stock to root and grow towards the periphery of a stone crack as soon as possible, and inserting branches above the planting hole to prevent sun and moisturize;
(5) nursing and nutrition management: maintaining the acacia confusa seeds which are dibbled and planted in the step (4) for 3 years of nursing and nutrition management, and specifically comprising the following steps: in the 1 st month after the acacia confusa seeds are dibbled and transplanted, patrol contents comprise the preservation integrity of the dibbled acacia confusa seeds, the germination condition of the seeds and the humidity condition of planting holes, and the dibbled acacia confusa seeds are timely supplemented, watered, moisturized and prevented from diseases and insect pests; in 2-3 months after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted, inspecting the patrol contents including the growth condition of the seedlings and the humidity condition of the planting holes, watering in time for moisturizing and preventing plant diseases and insect pests, and broadcasting 0.1g of compound fertilizer once in each hole 5 days before and after 30 days after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted, and watering until the planting holes are thoroughly wetted; in the 4 th month to the end of the current year after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted, the patrol contents comprise the growth condition of acacia confuse seedlings and the humidity condition of planting holes, watering and moisturizing are carried out in time and preventing plant diseases and insect pests, 0.5g of compound fertilizer is spread in each hole within 5 days before and after every two months, and watering is carried out until the planting holes are thoroughly wetted; in the 2 nd year after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted, the patrol contents comprise the growth condition of acacia confuse seedlings and the humidity condition of planting holes, watering and moisturizing are timely carried out, the plant diseases and insect pests are prevented, 10g of compound fertilizer is sprinkled on each hole within 5 days before and after every three months, and watering is carried out until the planting holes are thoroughly wetted; in 3 rd year after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted, the patrol contents comprise the growth condition of acacia confuse seedlings and the humidity condition of planting holes, watering, moisturizing and pest and disease damage preventing are carried out in time, and 20g of compound fertilizer is scattered in each hole within 5 days before and after every three months.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention relates to a planting method of acacia confusa in coastal rock zone of south China, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a nutrient medium: taking 45% of red loam core soil (smashed and sieved by a 60-mesh sieve), 45% of garden soil (subjected to sterilization and disinfection treatment and smashed and sieved by a 60-mesh sieve), 8% of soil miscellaneous fertilizer (subjected to decomposition, sterilization and disinfection treatment and smashed and sieved by a 60-mesh sieve) and 2% of agricultural water-retaining agent, wherein the sand accounts for 10% of the weight of the red loam core soil in percentage by weight, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the nutrient substrate;
(2) preparing a paper nutrition bag: sewing 100g kraft paper into a paper bag with a back cover and a folding length multiplied by the width of 6 multiplied by 10cm, flatly folding and punching 6 holes with the diameter of 3mm, and then filling the nutrient substrate prepared in the step (1) into the paper bag until the volume of the paper bag is 80%, thus obtaining the paper nutrient bag;
(3) and (3) planting hole construction of dibbling seeds: a circular planting hole with the length multiplied by the width of 5 multiplied by 10cm and the depth of 10cm is built at the original stone joint in a mode of combining digging and hole drilling;
(4) and (3) dibbling and planting acacia confusa seeds: adopting a multi-time irrigation mode, enabling the nutrient medium in the paper nutrition bag prepared in the step (2) to fully absorb water, and when water does not drip, dibbling 3 Abrus taiwan seeds which are germinated to be white, then covering saw dust for 5mm to prevent sun and moisturize, transplanting the paper nutrition bag on which the seeds are dibbled into a proper planting hole, filling gaps at the periphery of the planting hole with red-red soil so as to promote the nursery stock to root and grow towards the periphery of the stone gap as soon as possible, and covering weeds above the planting hole to prevent sun and moisturize;
(5) nursing and nutrition management: the same as in example 1.
Example 3
The embodiment of the invention relates to a planting method of acacia confusa in coastal rock zone of south China, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a nutrient medium: taking 45% of red loam core soil (smashed and sieved by a 50-mesh sieve), 44% of garden soil (subjected to sterilization and disinfection treatment and smashed and sieved by a 50-mesh sieve), 8% of soil miscellaneous fertilizer (subjected to decomposition, sterilization and disinfection treatment and smashed and sieved by a 50-mesh sieve) and 3% of agricultural water-retaining agent, wherein the sand accounts for 20% of the weight of the red loam core soil in percentage by weight, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the nutrient substrate;
(2) preparing a paper nutrition bag: flatly folding and punching 6 holes with the diameter of 3mm in a bottom-sealed paper bag with the length multiplied by the width of 7 multiplied by 10cm and made of 100g kraft paper, and then filling the nutrient substrate prepared in the step (1) into the paper bag until the volume of the paper bag is 80%, thus obtaining the paper nutrient bag;
(3) and (3) planting hole construction of dibbling seeds: a circular planting hole with the length multiplied by the width of 10 multiplied by 10cm and the depth of 10cm is built at the original stone joint in a mode of combining digging and hole drilling;
(4) and (3) dibbling and planting acacia confusa seeds: adopting a multi-time irrigation mode, enabling the paper nutrition bag prepared in the step (2) to fully absorb water, dibbling 4 acacia confusa seeds which are germinated to be white in the open area after the nutrition substrate in the paper nutrition bag fully absorbs water without dripping water, then covering saw dust for 5mm to prevent sun and moisturize, transplanting the paper nutrition bag dibbled with seeds into a proper planting hole, filling gaps at the periphery of the planting hole with red and red soil to promote the seedling to root and grow towards the periphery of the stone joint as soon as possible, and covering a shading net above the planting hole to prevent sun and moisturize;
(5) nursing and nutrition management: the same as in example 1.
Example 4
The embodiment of the invention relates to a planting method of acacia confusa in coastal rock zone of south China, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a nutrient medium: taking 45% of red loam core soil (smashed and sieved by a 60-mesh sieve), 47% of garden soil (sterilized, disinfected, smashed and sieved by the 60-mesh sieve) and 8% of miscellaneous soil fertilizers (thoroughly decomposed, sterilized, disinfected, smashed and sieved by the 60-mesh sieve) which are 20% of the weight of the red loam core soil by weight percentage, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the nutrient substrate;
(2) preparing a paper nutrition bag: sewing kraft paper of 100g in size into a paper bag with a folding length multiplied by width of 8 multiplied by 10cm at the bottom, flatly folding and punching 8 holes of 3mm, and then filling the nutrient substrate prepared in the step (1) into the paper bag until the volume of the paper bag is 80%, thus obtaining the paper nutrient bag;
(3) and (3) planting hole construction of dibbling seeds: a circular planting hole with the length multiplied by the width of 5 multiplied by 10cm and the depth of 10cm is built at the original stone joint in a mode of combining digging and hole drilling.
(4) And (3) dibbling and planting acacia confusa seeds: and (3) adopting a multi-time irrigation mode, after the paper nutrition bag prepared in the step (2) fully absorbs water, when the nutrition substrate in the paper nutrition bag fully absorbs water and does not drip water, dibbling 5 Abrus taiwan seeds which are germinated to be white, covering saw dust for 5mm to prevent sun and moisturize, transplanting the paper nutrition bag dibbled with seeds into a proper planting hole, filling gaps at the periphery of the planting hole with red soil core soil to promote the seedling to root and grow towards the periphery of the stone gap as soon as possible, and covering a shading net above the planting hole.
(5) Nursing and nutrition management: the same as in example 1.
Example 5
The embodiment of the invention relates to a planting method of acacia confusa in coastal rock zone of south China, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a nutrient medium: taking red-red loam core soil (smashed and sieved by a 60-mesh sieve) 40% of sand, garden soil (subjected to sterilization and disinfection treatment and smashed and sieved by a 40-mesh sieve) 40%, soil miscellaneous fertilizer (subjected to decomposition, sterilization and disinfection treatment and smashed and sieved by a 40-mesh sieve) 19% and agricultural water-retaining agent 1% by weight percentage, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the nutrient substrate;
(2) culturing the nutrition bag seedlings according to a conventional method;
(3) planting holes for placing the seedling raising nutrition bags are built: constructing planting holes with the length multiplied by the width of 15 multiplied by 15cm and the depth of 20cm by utilizing the original stone seams;
(4) planting of nutrition bag seedling: the height of the acacia confusa seedling cultured by the nutrition bag is 20cm, the seedling raising plastic bag is peeled off, the acacia confusa seedling is moved into the planting hole for placing the seedling raising nutrition bag in the step (3), soil is filled after being straightened, surface soil is filled firstly, the acacia confusa seedling is compacted by treading in layers, the soil covering depth is 2cm deeper than the root of the original seedling, finally 1 layer of loose soil is covered, weeds are covered above the planting hole to prevent sun and preserve moisture, and the outer edge is slightly higher when soil is returned for intercepting precipitation;
(5) nursing and nutrition management: the same as in example 1.
Example 6
The embodiment of the invention relates to a planting method of acacia confusa in coastal rock zone of south China, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a nutrient medium: taking red-red loam core soil (smashed and sieved by a 60-mesh sieve) 40% of sand, garden soil (subjected to sterilization and disinfection treatment and smashed and sieved by a 50-mesh sieve) 40%, soil miscellaneous fertilizer (subjected to decomposition, sterilization and disinfection treatment and smashed and sieved by a 50-mesh sieve) 18% and agricultural water-retaining agent 2% by weight percentage, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the nutrient substrate;
(2) culturing the nutrition bag seedlings according to a conventional method;
(3) planting holes for placing the seedling raising nutrition bags are built: constructing planting holes with the length multiplied by the width of 15 multiplied by 15cm and the depth of 20cm by utilizing the original stone seams;
(4) planting of nutrition bag seedling: the height of the acacia confusa seedling cultured by the nutrition bag is 20-25cm, the seedling raising plastic bag is peeled off, the acacia confusa seedling is moved into the planting hole for placing the seedling raising nutrition bag in the step (3), soil is filled after being straightened, surface soil is filled firstly, the acacia confusa seedling is compacted in layers, the soil covering depth is 2cm deeper than the root of the original seedling, finally 1 layer of loose soil is covered, branches are inserted above the planting hole to prevent sun and preserve moisture, and the outer edge is slightly higher when soil is returned for retaining precipitation;
(5) nursing and nutrition management: the same as in example 1.
Example 7
The embodiment of the invention relates to a planting method of acacia confusa in coastal rock zone of south China, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a nutrient medium: taking red-red loam core soil (smashed and sieved by a 60-mesh sieve) 40% of sand, garden soil (subjected to sterilization and disinfection treatment and smashed and sieved by a 40-mesh sieve), 17% of soil miscellaneous fertilizer (subjected to decomposition, sterilization and disinfection treatment and smashed and sieved by a 50-mesh sieve) and 3% of agricultural water-retaining agent, wherein the sand accounts for 10% of the weight of the red-red loam core soil in percentage by weight, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain a nutrient substrate;
(2) culturing the nutrition bag seedlings according to a conventional method;
(3) planting holes for placing the seedling raising nutrition bags are built: constructing planting holes with the length multiplied by the width of 15 multiplied by 15cm and the depth of 20cm by utilizing the original stone seams;
(4) planting of nutrition bag seedling: the height of the Taiwan acacia seedlings cultured by the nutrition bags is 20-25cm, the seedling raising plastic bags are peeled off, the Taiwan acacia seedlings are moved into the planting holes for placing the seedling raising nutrition bags in the step (3), soil is filled after being straightened, surface soil is filled firstly, the Taiwan acacia seedlings are compacted in a layering and treading mode, the depth of the soil covering is 3cm deeper than the roots of the original seedlings, finally 1 layer of loose soil is covered, branches are inserted above the planting holes to prevent sun and preserve moisture, and the outer edges are slightly higher when soil is returned in order to retain precipitation.
(5) Nursing and nutrition management: the same as in example 1.
Example 8
The embodiment of the invention relates to a planting method of acacia confusa in coastal rock zone of south China, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a nutrient medium: taking red-red loam core soil (smashed and sieved by a 60-mesh sieve) 40% of sand, garden soil (subjected to sterilization and disinfection treatment and smashed and sieved by a 50-mesh sieve) 40% and miscellaneous soil fertilizers (subjected to decomposition, sterilization and disinfection treatment, smashed and sieved by a 50-mesh sieve) 20% by weight, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the nutrient substrate;
(2) culturing the nutrition bag seedlings according to a conventional method;
(3) planting holes for placing the seedling raising nutrition bags are built: constructing planting holes with the length multiplied by the width of 15 multiplied by 15cm and the depth of 20cm by utilizing the original stone seams;
(4) planting of nutrition bag seedling: the height of the Taiwan acacia seedlings cultured by the nutrition bags is 20-25cm, the seedling raising plastic bags are peeled off, the Taiwan acacia seedlings are moved into the planting holes for placing the seedling raising nutrition bags in the step (3), soil is filled after being straightened, surface soil is filled firstly, the Taiwan acacia seedlings are compacted in a layering and treading mode, the soil covering depth is 2cm deeper than the original seedling roots, finally 1 layer of loose soil is covered, branches are inserted above the planting holes to prevent sun and preserve moisture, and the outer edges are slightly higher when soil is returned in order to retain precipitation.
(5) Nursing and nutrition management: the same as in example 1.
Experimental example 1
The experimental example shows the seedling survival rate of acacia confuse planted by the planting method of the embodiment 1-4 of the invention after 1 month, 2 months, half year and 1 year.
After planting acacia confuse for 1 month, 2 months, half a year and 1 year in the planting method of the examples 1-4, the seedling survival rates of 40 planting holes (10 planting holes correspond to each example) are respectively investigated and counted, and the influence of different nutrient media of the examples 1-4 on the acacia confuse seedling survival rate is judged according to the experimental results of the seedling survival rates, wherein the experimental results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Effect of different nutrient media on the acacia confusa seedling survival rate in Point sowing Taiwan
As can be seen from table 1 above, the seedling survival rate of acacia confusa planted in the nutrient medium of example 2 and example 3 is the highest, followed by the higher seedling survival rate of example 1 and the lowest seedling survival rate of example 4. Therefore, the planting method and the nutrient medium of the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 are used for planting the acacia confusa, and the seedling survival rate is high; the 1-year survival rate in table 1, examples 1-4 are 80%, 90% and 0, respectively, wherein the nutrient substrate of example 4 is free of water-retaining agent, which is shown to have an effect of promoting the survival rate of acacia confusa.
Experimental example 2
This experimental example compares the effect of the size of the nutrition bag on the growth of acacia confusa in the immature stage. 40 Taiwan missing plants were planted in paper bags of 10 sizes, each of which was folded to have a length × width of 10 × 5cm, 10 × 8cm, 10 × 10cm and 10 × 15cm, and the planting method was the same as that of example 2 except that the sizes of the paper bags were different.
TABLE 2 influence of the size of the planting hole (nutrition bag) on the growth of acacia confusa at the forestation stage
From the experimental results of table 2 above, it can be seen that, within the range of the experiment, the size of the planting hole (nutrition bag) has no significant change on the influence of the planting of acacia confusa on the growth in the non-forest period of the planting by dibbling.
Experimental example 3
In this example, the influence of 40 different nutrition nursing administration on the growth of acacia confusa in the young forest stage of seeding taiwan was investigated, and 4 treatments, namely a standard method (the nursing and nutrition management of the present invention), occasional water shortage, no fertilization and no watering, were performed for each of 10 acacia confusa, and the method for planting acacia confusa in this example was the same as example 2 except that the nursing and nutrition management steps were different.
TABLE 3 influence of management and protection measures on the growth of acacia confusa at dibbling in the immature stage
From table 3 above, the 3-year old and immature acacia confusa seedling stock rate using the above standardized method (the nursing and nutrition management of the present invention) is 86.0%, the average seedling height is 86.3cm, and the highest tree height is 123 cm; by adopting the method, the seedling survival rate of 3-year-old immature acacia forest which is occasionally lack of water is 60.0 percent, the average seedling height is only 70.0cm, and the highest tree height is only 85.3 cm; the seedling survival rate of 3-year-old immature acacia forest without fertilization is 76%, the average seedling height is only 65.1cm, and the highest tree height is only 80.8 cm; and the seedling survival rate of the 3-year-old immature acacia confusa is zero without watering measures. Therefore, the method for nursing and nutrition management has the highest seedling storage rate and high growth rate, and particularly, timely watering and regular fertilization are key technical measures.
Experimental example 4
The experimental example shows the seedling survival rate of 1 month, half year and 1 year after the acacia confuse is planted by the planting method in the embodiment 5 to 8 of the invention.
After planting acacia confuse in the planting method of the embodiment 5-8 for 1 month, half a year and 1 year, the seedling storage rates of 40 planting holes (10 planting holes are corresponding to each embodiment) are respectively investigated and counted, and the influence of different nutrient media of the embodiment 5-8 on the seedling storage rate of acacia confuse is judged according to the experimental results of the seedling storage rates, wherein the experimental results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 influence of different substrate formulas on acacia confusa seedling survival rate
| Matrix formulations | Example 5 | Example 6 | Example 7 | Example 8 |
| 1 month seedling storage rate | 100 | 100 | 100 | 90 |
| Half year seedling rate | 94 | 100 | 100 | 70 |
| Survival rate of 1 year | 90 | 99 | 99 | 60 |
As can be seen from table 4 above, the seedling survival rate of acacia confuse planted in the nutrient medium of example 6 and example 7 is the highest, followed by the nutrient medium of example 5, and the seedling survival rate of example 8 is the lowest. Therefore, the planting method and the nutrient medium of the example 6 and the example 7 are used for planting the acacia confusa, and the seedling survival rate is high; the 1-year survival rate in table 4, examples 5-8 are 90%, 99% and 60%, respectively, wherein the nutrient substrate of example 8 has no water-retaining agent, and it can be seen that the water-retaining agent has an effect of promoting the survival rate of acacia confusa.
Experimental example 5
This experimental example compares the effect of the size of the planting hole on the growth of acacia confusa in the non-forestation period of nutrition bag seedling forestation. Planting holes of 15 multiplied by 20cm, 20 multiplied by 20cm, 30 multiplied by 25cm and 30 multiplied by 30cm respectively, adopting nutrition bag seedlings to plant Taiwan acacia 40 holes, 10 planting holes of each specification and size, controlling the opening density to be about 1 multiplied by 1m in general, and increasing and decreasing properly according to the condition of stone seams and the construction cost. The planting method is the same as that of example 6 except that the sizes of the planting holes are different.
TABLE 5 Effect of planting hole size on Taiwan acacia forestation growth of Nutrition bagged seedling afforestation (unit: cm)
As can be seen from the experimental results and practical application in Table 5, the size of the planting hole has no significant effect on the growth of the acacia confusa in the non-forestation stage of the nutrition bag seedling forestation within the experimental range. In view of cost, the invention recommends the construction of a planting hole for placing a seedling raising nutrition bag, and the planting hole is a circular or square planting hole with the length multiplied by the width of 15 multiplied by 15cm and the depth of 20 cm.
Experimental example 6
The experimental example investigates and observes the growth influence of 40 different nutrition nursing management on the young planting period of the acacia confusa of the nutrition bag, and the 4 treatments are respectively a standard method (the nursing and nutrition management of the invention), occasionally lack of water, do not fertilize and do not water, and each treatment comprises 10 acacia confusa, and the method for planting the acacia confusa in the experimental example is the same as the example 6 except that the nursing and nutrition management steps are different.
TABLE 6 influence of management and protection measures on the growth of acacia confusa in the immature stage of nutrition bag seedling afforestation
As can be seen from Table 3 above, the application of the above-mentioned standardized method (the nursing and nutrition management of the present invention) has a significant effect on the growth of the acacia confusa in the forestation period of the nutrition bag seedling. The seedling survival rate of 3-year-old immature acacia forest for nursing and nutrition management is 94.0 percent, the average seedling height is 142.0cm, and the highest tree height is 183 cm; the seedling survival rate of 3-year-old immature acacia forest which is produced by adopting the method but is occasionally lack of water is 70.0 percent, the average seedling height is only 98.5cm, and the highest tree height is only 121.5 cm; the seedling survival rate of 3-year-old immature acacia forest which is not fertilized by adopting the method is 76 percent, the average seedling height is only 88.5cm, and the highest tree height is only 102.3 cm; and the seedling survival rate of 3-year-old immature acacia forest without watering measures is only 24%, the average seedling height is only 40.1cm, and the highest tree height is only 62.3 cm. Therefore, the method for nursing and nutrition management has the highest seedling storage rate and high growth rate, and particularly, timely watering and regular fertilization are key technical measures.
The method of the present invention is not only suitable for planting Acacia confusa in the coastal lithoplasmic zone of south china, but also suitable for planting drought-resistant barren trees such as southern hai tea (gordonia hainanensis h. t. chang), bayberry (yur.) s.etzucc.), Acacia grandis (Acacia auricularia lobata a. cunn. ex Benth.), schima superba (schimaserbaguegardn. et Champ.), schima superba (schiawallichi choisy), ficus elastica (ficus indica Blume), masson pine (pinus assania Lamb.) and the like in the above zone.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A planting method of acacia confusa in coastal rocky zone of south China is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a nutrient medium: mixing red soil core soil, garden soil, soil miscellaneous fertilizer and agricultural water-retaining agent, and stirring uniformly to obtain a nutrient substrate;
(2) preparing a paper nutrition bag: flatly folding and punching 6-8 holes with the diameter of 3mm in a paper bag with a back cover made of kraft paper, and then filling the nutrient substrate prepared in the step (1) into the paper bag to obtain the paper nutrient bag;
(3) constructing a planting hole: comprises the steps of planting a planting hole for dibbling seeds or planting a planting hole for placing a seedling-raising nutrition bag;
and (3) constructing planting holes for dibbling seeds: constructing planting holes with length multiplied by width multiplied by (5-10) multiplied by 10cm and depth multiplied by 10cm by utilizing the original stone seams;
and (3) planting holes for placing the seedling culture nutrition bags are built: constructing planting holes with the length multiplied by the width of 15 multiplied by 15cm and the depth of 20cm by utilizing the original stone seams;
(4) planting acacia confusa: comprises the planting of dibbling seeds or the planting of nutrition bag seedling;
(5) nursing and nutrition management: and (4) maintaining the acacia confusa planted in the step (4) in the dibbling and seedling raising of the nutrition bags for 3 years for nursing and nutrition management.
2. The planting method of claim 1, wherein in step (1), the nutrient medium comprises, by weight percentage, red soil core soil 40% -45%, garden soil 40% -46%, soil compost 8% -20% and agricultural water retention agent 1% -3%.
3. The planting method of claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (1), the nutrient medium comprises 45% by weight of red loam soil, 45% by weight of garden soil, 8% by weight of miscellaneous fertilizers and 2% by weight of agricultural water-retaining agents; the red loam core soil is smashed and sieved by a sieve of 40-60 meshes, and the sand content of the red loam core soil is 10-20% of that of the red loam core soil; sterilizing and disinfecting the garden soil, smashing and sieving by a 40-60-mesh sieve; the soil miscellaneous fertilizer is decomposed, sterilized, disinfected, smashed and sieved by a sieve of 40-60 meshes.
4. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the kraft paper has a size of 100g, and the kraft paper has a folded length x width specification selected from at least one of 5 x 10cm, 6 x 10cm, 7 x 10cm, 8 x 10cm, 9 x 10cm and 10 x 10 cm; the volume of the nutrient substrate filled into the paper nutrition bag accounts for 80% of the volume of the paper nutrition bag.
5. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), planting holes are created in a combination of digging and chiseling, the planting holes are round or square, and the density of the planting holes is 1 x 1m of row spacing.
6. The planting method of claim 1, wherein in step (4):
the planting of the dibble seeds comprises the following steps: dibbling 3-5 seeds of acacia confusa in the paper nutrition bag prepared in the step (2) after fully absorbing water, covering saw dust with the thickness of 5mm, transplanting the paper nutrition bag into the planting holes for dibbling the seeds in the step (3), filling gaps at the periphery of the planting holes with red loam soil, and then carrying out shading and sun-screening treatment;
the planting of the nutrition bag seedling is as follows: and (3) peeling off the seedling raising plastic bags from the height of the acacia confusa seedlings cultured by the nutrition bags to be 20-25cm, transferring the acacia confusa seedlings into the planting holes for placing the seedling raising nutrition bags in the step (3), covering soil, compacting, and shading and sun-screening.
7. The planting method of claim 6, wherein the planting of the on-demand seed comprises: adopting a watering mode to ensure that the paper nutrition bag fully absorbs water, and dibbling the acacia confusa seeds which are germinated to be white after fully absorbing water and when not dripping water; planting the seedling in the nutrition bag: the depth of the covering soil is 2-3cm deeper than the root of the original seedling; the shading and sun-screening treatment is to insert tree branches or weeds and other shading measures above the planting holes.
8. The planting method of claim 1, wherein the step (5) of maintaining 3-year care and nutrition management of the acacia confusa seeds on demand comprises the specific steps of: patrolling for 1 time every 5 days within 1 month after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted; in 2-3 months after the acacia confusa seeds are dibbled and transplanted, 1 patrol is performed every half month; patrolling for 1 time every month from 4 months to the end of the current year after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted; patrolling for 1 time every 3 months within the 2 nd year after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted; and in 3 rd year after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted, 1 patrol is carried out every 3 months.
9. The planting method according to claim 8, wherein the patrol contents comprise the preservation integrity, the seed germination condition and the humidity condition of the planting hole of the planted acacia taiwan seeds within 1 month after the acacia taiwan seeds are planted in a dibbling way and the dibbling acacia taiwan seeds are supplemented in time, watered, moisturized and prevented from diseases and insect pests; in 2-3 months after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted, inspecting the patrol contents including the growth condition of the seedlings and the humidity condition of the planting holes, watering in time for moisturizing and preventing plant diseases and insect pests, and broadcasting 0.1g of compound fertilizer once in each hole 5 days before and after 30 days after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted, and watering until the planting holes are thoroughly wetted; in the 4 th month to the end of the current year after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted, the patrol contents comprise the growth condition of acacia confuse seedlings and the humidity condition of planting holes, watering and moisturizing are carried out in time and preventing plant diseases and insect pests, 0.5g of compound fertilizer is spread in each hole within 5 days before and after every two months, and watering is carried out until the planting holes are thoroughly wetted; in the 2 nd year after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted, the patrol contents comprise the growth condition of acacia confuse seedlings and the humidity condition of planting holes, watering and moisturizing are timely carried out, the plant diseases and insect pests are prevented, 10g of compound fertilizer is sprinkled on each hole within 5 days before and after every three months, and watering is carried out until the planting holes are thoroughly wetted; in 3 rd year after the acacia confuse seeds are dibbled and transplanted, the patrol contents comprise the growth condition of acacia confuse seedlings and the humidity condition of planting holes, watering, moisturizing and pest and disease damage preventing are carried out in time, and 20g of compound fertilizer is scattered in each hole within 5 days before and after every three months.
10. The planting method of claim 1, wherein the planting time of acacia confusa is spring or early summer; the coastal rocky zone has the gradient of less than 70 degrees, can dig planting holes with the length and width of 5-15cm and the depth of 10-20 cm.
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