CN110934154B - Nutrient composition for promoting growth of cucumber seedlings and application thereof - Google Patents
Nutrient composition for promoting growth of cucumber seedlings and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of cucumber seedling culture, and particularly relates to a nutrient composition for promoting the growth of cucumber seedlings and application thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cucumber seedling culture, and particularly relates to a nutritional composition for promoting the growth of cucumber seedlings and application thereof.
Background
The cucumber is a vegetable generally eaten in daily life, and needs to meet the supply and demand of all seasons and grow at the same time as the anti-season seedling growing because of market demands. The existing seedling culture mode generally uses plant ash, vermiculite, peat and the like as nutrient media, so that the nutrient requirements of cucumber seedlings in the growth process are difficult to meet, the disease resistance of the cucumber seedlings is low, the quality of the cucumber is low, and the market requirements are difficult to meet.
In addition, in order to meet the market demand of cucumbers in winter, seedlings need to be raised in summer, and the high-temperature environment in summer can stress seedling raising conditions and seedling raising facilities, so that the cucumber seedlings grow slowly, the stress resistance is reduced, the disease resistance is reduced, the seedling rate is reduced, and the yield and the quality of the cucumbers are further influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the nutrient composition for promoting the growth of the cucumber seedlings, and the nutrient composition can meet the nutrients required in the growth process of the cucumber seedlings, promote the growth of the cucumber seedlings, improve the seedling quality and further improve the quality of the cucumbers when being applied to the seedling raising process of the cucumber seedlings.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a nutrient composition for promoting cucumber seedling growth, which is characterized in that: the nutritional composition consists of bacillus methylotrophicus and a substrate;
wherein the bacillus methylotrophicus and the substrate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 0.05: 6-0.15: 8;
wherein the nutrient content of the matrix is as follows:
15-30 mg/kg of quick-acting phosphorus, 420-450 mg/kg of quick-acting potassium, 75-125 mg/kg of interactive calcium, 50-85 mg/kg of interactive magnesium, 600-650 mg/kg of nitrate nitrogen and 70-80 mg/kg of ammonium nitrogen;
the nutritional composition has an organic content greater than 35%.
Preferably, the pH value of the nutritional composition is 6.2-7.0.
Preferably, the viable count of the bacillus methylotrophicus is 2 x 109~5×1010CFU/g。
The nutrient composition for promoting the growth of cucumber seedlings is applied to the cultivation of cucumber seedlings.
The application of the nutrient composition for promoting the growth of cucumber seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) seed selection: selecting plump cucumber seeds without insect pests, carrying out water bath for 10-15 min at 50-55 ℃, taking out, soaking the cucumber seeds in distilled water at normal temperature in the dark for 3-4 h, taking out the cucumber seeds, wrapping the cucumber seeds with gauze, and accelerating germination in the dark for 24h at 27-29 ℃;
(2) mixing: weighing the nutritional composition according to the mass percent, and uniformly mixing; (not blending with seeds)
(3) Seedling culture: subpackaging the uniformly mixed nutrient composition in the step (2) into seedling raising hole trays, sowing seeds subjected to germination acceleration in the step (1) into the seedling raising hole trays one by one in each hole, and watering;
(4) management: placing the seedling culture hole tray in the step (3) in a seedling culture greenhouse, and controlling the temperature of the greenhouse to be 22-48 ℃ in the daytime and 12-30 ℃ at night;
(5) seedling formation: and (4) finishing the seedling raising process when the seedlings of the seedling raising plug tray in the step (4) grow to be three leaves and one core.
Preferably, the dosage of the nutritional composition in the step (3) is 30.25-40.75 g/grain.
The nutrient composition is applied to cultivation of cucumber seedlings, and is not only suitable for cucumber seedling cultivation in spring, winter and autumn, but also suitable for cucumber seedling cultivation under the condition of high temperature in summer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the nutrient composition is applied to the cucumber seedling raising process, the bacillus methylotrophicus can improve the activity of the matrix enzyme, accelerate the continuous conversion of contained nutrients into absorbable nutrient elements, meet the nutrient requirement in the seedling growth process, promote the rapid growth of cucumber seedlings, improve the stress resistance of the cucumber seedlings, shorten the cucumber seedling raising period and improve the cucumber seedling raising quality;
(2) the nutrient composition is suitable for summer high-temperature cucumber seedlings, overcomes the stress on the cucumber seedlings and seedling raising facilities caused by high-temperature conditions, improves the stress resistance of the cucumber seedlings such as high temperature resistance, drought resistance and the like, continuously keeps the healthy and rapid growth of the cucumber seedlings, and improves the seedling rate.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The technical scheme of the invention is implemented as follows.
Example 1
A nutritional composition for promoting cucumber seedling growth has pH of 6.2, organic matter content greater than 35%, and comprises Bacillus methylotrophicus and matrix;
wherein the bacillus methylotrophicus and the substrate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 0.05: 6;
wherein the nutrient content of the matrix is as follows:
the content of quick-acting phosphorus is 15mg/kg, the content of quick-acting potassium is 420 mg/kg, the content of interactive calcium is 75 mg/kg, the content of interactive magnesium is 50mg/kg, the content of nitrate nitrogen is 600mg/kg, and the content of ammonium nitrogen is 70 mg/kg;
the viable count of the bacillus methylotrophicus is 2 multiplied by 109CFU/g；
The application of the nutrient composition for promoting the growth of cucumber seedlings and the cultivation of the cucumber seedlings comprise the following steps:
(1) seed selection: selecting plump cucumber seeds without insect pests, carrying out water bath at 50 ℃ for 15min, taking out, soaking the cucumber seeds in distilled water at normal temperature in a dark place for 3h, taking out the cucumber seeds, wrapping the cucumber seeds with gauze, and accelerating germination at 27 ℃ in the dark place for 24 h;
(2) mixing: weighing the nutritional composition according to the mass percent, and uniformly mixing;
(3) seedling culture: subpackaging the uniformly mixed nutrient composition in the step (2) into seedling raising hole trays, sowing seeds subjected to germination acceleration in the step (1) into the seedling raising hole trays one by one in each hole, and watering the seeds with the dosage of the nutrient composition of 30.25 g/seed;
(4) management: placing the seedling culture hole tray in the step (3) in a seedling culture greenhouse, and controlling the temperature of the greenhouse to be 22 ℃ in the day and 12 ℃ at night;
(5) seedling formation: and (4) finishing the seedling raising process when the seedlings of the seedling raising plug tray in the step (4) grow to be three leaves and one core.
Example 2
A nutritional composition for promoting cucumber seedling growth has pH of 7.0, organic matter content greater than 35%, and comprises Bacillus methylotrophicus and matrix;
wherein the bacillus methylotrophicus and the substrate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 0.15: 8;
wherein the nutrient content of the matrix is as follows:
30mg/kg of quick-acting phosphorus, 450 mg/kg of quick-acting potassium, 125 mg/kg of interactive calcium, 85 mg/kg of interactive magnesium, 650mg/kg of nitrate nitrogen and 80mg/kg of ammonium nitrogen;
the viable count of the bacillus methylotrophicus is 8 multiplied by 109CFU/g；
The nutrient composition for promoting the growth of cucumber seedlings is applied to the cultivation of cucumber seedlings, and comprises the following steps:
(1) seed selection: selecting plump cucumber seeds without insect pests, carrying out water bath at 55 ℃ for 10min, taking out, soaking the cucumber seeds in distilled water at normal temperature in a dark place for 4h, taking out the cucumber seeds, wrapping the cucumber seeds with gauze, and accelerating germination at 29 ℃ in the dark place for 24 h;
(2) mixing: weighing the nutritional composition according to the mass percent, and uniformly mixing;
(3) seedling culture: subpackaging the uniformly mixed nutrient composition in the step (2) into seedling raising hole trays, sowing seeds subjected to germination acceleration in the step (1) into the seedling raising hole trays one by one in each hole, and watering the seeds with the dosage of the nutrient composition of 40.75 g/seed;
(4) management: placing the seedling culture hole tray in the step (3) in a seedling culture greenhouse, and controlling the temperature of the greenhouse to be 48 ℃ in the day and 30 ℃ at night;
(5) seedling formation: and (4) finishing the seedling raising process when the seedlings of the seedling raising plug tray in the step (4) grow to be three leaves and one core.
Example 3
A nutrient composition for promoting the growth of cucumber seedlings, which has a pH value of 6.5 and an organic matter content of more than 41.7 percent, consists of bacillus methylotrophicus and a matrix;
wherein the bacillus methylotrophicus and the substrate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 0.1: 7;
wherein the nutrient content of the matrix is as follows:
8.6mg/kg of quick-acting phosphorus, 438.9 mg/kg of quick-acting potassium, 98 mg/kg of interactive calcium, 65 mg/kg of interactive magnesium, 634mg/kg of nitrate nitrogen and 75.5mg/kg of ammonium nitrogen;
the viable count of the bacillus methylotrophicus is 5 multiplied by 1010CFU/g；
The application of the nutrient composition for promoting the growth of cucumber seedlings and the cultivation of the cucumber seedlings comprise the following steps:
(1) seed selection: selecting plump cucumber seeds without insect pests, carrying out water bath at 48 ℃ for 13min, taking out, soaking the cucumber seeds in distilled water at normal temperature in a dark place for 3.5h, taking out the cucumber seeds, wrapping the cucumber seeds with gauze, and accelerating germination at 28 ℃ in the dark place for 24 h;
(2) mixing: weighing the nutritional composition according to the mass percent, and uniformly mixing;
(3) seedling culture: subpackaging the uniformly mixed nutrient composition in the step (2) into seedling raising hole trays, sowing seeds subjected to germination acceleration in the step (1) into the seedling raising hole trays one by one in each hole, and watering the seeds, wherein the dosage of the nutrient composition is 35.5 g/seed;
(4) management: placing the seedling culture hole tray in the step (3) in a seedling culture greenhouse, and controlling the temperature of the greenhouse to be 35 ℃ in the daytime and 24 ℃ at night;
(5) seedling formation: and (4) finishing the seedling raising process when the seedlings of the seedling raising plug tray in the step (4) grow to be three leaves and one core.
Comparative test
Seedling culture time: 6-7 months in 2019;
seedling culture environment: plastic film greenhouses;
seedling culture conditions are as follows: seedling in a plug tray, wherein the temperature in the shed is 40-45 ℃ in the daytime and 25-30 ℃ at night;
cucumber varieties: bonito 526, jinyou No. 1, vegetable-131;
test group setup:
group A, using Bonai 526 as cucumber seed, respectively setting a control group and a test group, respectively:
control group: cucumber seeds were treated for germination as described in example 3 and mixed with the substrate described in example 3;
test group 1: treating cucumber seeds for accelerating germination according to the method described in the example 3, and mixing the cucumber seeds with the nutrient composition, wherein the dosage of the bacillus methylotrophicus fungicide is 0.25 g/grain, and the other components and parameters are the same as those in the example 3;
test group 2: cucumber seeds were treated for pregermination as described in example 3 and mixed with the nutritional composition described in example 3;
test group 3: treating cucumber seeds for accelerating germination according to the method described in the example 3, and mixing the cucumber seeds with the nutrient composition, wherein the dosage of the bacillus methylotrophicus fungicide is 0.75 g/grain, and the other components and parameters are the same as those in the example 3;
and the group B takes Jinyou No. 1 as cucumber seeds, and a control group and a test group are respectively arranged, wherein the control group and the test group respectively comprise:
control group: cucumber seeds were treated for germination as described in example 3 and mixed with the substrate described in example 3;
test group 1: treating cucumber seeds for accelerating germination according to the method described in the example 3, and mixing the cucumber seeds with the nutrient composition, wherein the dosage of the bacillus methylotrophicus fungicide is 0.25 g/grain, and the other components and parameters are the same as those in the example 3;
test group 2: cucumber seeds were treated for pregermination as described in example 3 and mixed with the nutritional composition described in example 3;
test group 3: treating cucumber seeds for accelerating germination according to the method described in the example 3, and mixing the cucumber seeds with the nutrient composition, wherein the dosage of the bacillus methylotrophicus fungicide is 0.75 g/grain, and the other components and parameters are the same as those in the example 3;
group C: the method comprises the following steps of setting a control group and a test group respectively by taking the western vegetable-131 as cucumber seeds, wherein the control group and the test group respectively comprise:
control group: cucumber seeds were treated for germination as described in example 3 and mixed with the substrate described in example 3;
test group 1: treating cucumber seeds for accelerating germination according to the method described in the example 3, and mixing the cucumber seeds with the nutrient composition, wherein the dosage of the bacillus methylotrophicus fungicide is 0.25 g/grain, and the other components and parameters are the same as those in the example 3;
test group 2: cucumber seeds were treated for pregermination as described in example 3 and mixed with the nutritional composition described in example 3;
test group 3: treating cucumber seeds for accelerating germination according to the method described in the example 3, and mixing the cucumber seeds with the nutrient composition, wherein the dosage of the bacillus methylotrophicus fungicide is 0.75 g/grain, and the other components and parameters are the same as those in the example 3;
each group is respectively provided with 20 same test groups, cucumber seedling cultivation is carried out on each group under the same environment, in the test process, A, B and C groups of a control group and a test group are respectively recorded on the growth process and parameters of cucumber seedlings, after cultivation for 23 days, the cucumber seedlings of each test group grow to a three-leaf one-heart period, 10 samples of each group are randomly extracted, and different growth characteristics of the cucumber seedlings are represented according to measured average parameters, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
TABLE 1 stem height, stem thickness and leaf area measurement results of cucumber seedlings
According to the determination results in table 1, in A, B, C three tests, the test results of the control group are all smaller than those of the test group, which shows that in the nutritional composition, the bacillus methylotrophicus is a key component for promoting the development of cucumber seedlings, and can significantly improve the parameters of stem height, stem thickness and leaf area; comparing the test results of the test groups, wherein the test result of the test group 2 of each group is superior to that of other groups, and the test results show that when the bacillus methylotrophicus microbial inoculum and the matrix are mixed according to the proportion of 0.1-7, namely the using amount of the bacillus methylotrophicus microbial inoculum is 0.5 g/grain (0.5 g/plant), the promotion effect on the growth of cucumber seedlings is optimal;
TABLE 2 weight measurement of fresh and dried roots of cucumber seedlings
According to the test data in table 2, in A, B, C three tests, the test results of the control group are all smaller than the test results of the test group, which shows that the existence of the bacillus methylotrophicus fungicide component in the nutrient composition can effectively promote the root development of cucumber seedlings, meet the requirement of nutrition required by the growth process of the cucumber seedlings and promote the root growth; comparing the test results of the test groups, wherein the test result of the test group 2 of each group is superior to that of other groups, and the test result shows that when the bacillus methylotrophicus microbial inoculum and the substrate are mixed according to the proportion of 0.1-7, namely the using amount of the bacillus methylotrophicus microbial inoculum is 0.5 g/grain (0.5 g/strain), the effect is best;
TABLE 3 determination of cucumber seedling raising and strengthening index and growth function (G value)
According to the test data in table 3, in A, B, C three tests, the test results of the control group are all smaller than the test results of the test group, which shows that in the nutritional composition, the components of the bacillus methylotrophicus can significantly improve the absorption of the cucumber seedlings on the nutritional ingredients and promote the healthy and strong growth of the cucumber seedlings, and the technical scheme of the embodiment 3 has the optimal effect;
TABLE 4 determination of chlorophyll content in cucumber seedlings
As shown in Table 4, the determination results of cucumber seedlings show that the nutrient composition can remarkably improve the chlorophyll content of leaves of the cucumber seedlings and promote the photosynthesis of the cucumber seedlings, thereby promoting the production of the cucumbers and improving the quality of the cucumbers;
TABLE 5 nutritional composition enzyme Activity assays
As shown in the determination data shown in Table 5, the enzyme activity of the nutrient composition for cultivating cucumber seedlings is determined, and the comparison of the determination results of the control group and the test group shows that the bacillus methylotrophicus can obviously improve the activities of urease, sucrase and catalase in the matrix, so that the conversion, decomposition and release of nutrient substances in the matrix are accelerated, the nutrients required in the rapid growth process of the cucumber seedlings are met, the stress resistance of the cucumbers is improved, the seedling period is shortened, the healthy and rapid growth of the cucumber seedlings is continuously maintained, and the seedling rate is improved;
the setting conditions and test results of the comparative tests show that the nutritional composition can continuously keep healthy growth of cucumber seedlings under a high-temperature environment and an environment of 45 ℃ at most, and the seedling growing time of 23 days can reach a three-leaf one-heart growth period, so that the nutritional composition can improve the stress resistance of the cucumber seedlings, shorten the seedling growing period of the cucumbers and improve the seedling growing rate of the cucumber seedlings.
Claims (5)
1. The application of a nutrient composition for promoting the growth of cucumber seedlings is characterized in that: the nutrient composition is applied to cultivation of high-temperature cucumber seedlings;
wherein the nutritional composition consists of bacillus methylotrophicus and a substrate;
wherein the bacillus methylotrophicus and the substrate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 0.05: 6-0.15: 8;
wherein the nutrient content of the matrix is as follows:
15-30 mg/kg of quick-acting phosphorus, 420-450 mg/kg of quick-acting potassium, 75-125 mg/kg of interactive calcium, 50-85 mg/kg of interactive magnesium, 600-650 mg/kg of nitrate nitrogen and 70-80 mg/kg of ammonium nitrogen;
the nutritional composition has an organic content greater than 35%.
2. Use of a nutritional composition for promoting cucumber seedling growth as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pH value of the nutritional composition is 6.2-7.0.
3. Use of a nutritional composition for promoting cucumber seedling growth as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the viable count of the bacillus methylotrophicus is 2 multiplied by 109~5×1010CFU/g。
4. Use of a nutritional composition for promoting cucumber seedling growth according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the application comprises the following steps:
(1) seed selection: selecting plump cucumber seeds without insect pests, carrying out water bath for 10-15 min at 50-55 ℃, taking out, soaking the cucumber seeds in distilled water at normal temperature in the dark for 3-4 h, taking out the cucumber seeds, wrapping the cucumber seeds with gauze, and accelerating germination in the dark for 24h at 27-29 ℃;
(2) mixing: weighing the nutritional composition according to the mass percent, and uniformly mixing;
(3) seedling culture: subpackaging the uniformly mixed nutrient composition in the step (2) into seedling raising hole trays, sowing seeds subjected to germination acceleration in the step (1) into the seedling raising hole trays one by one in each hole, and watering;
(4) management: placing the seedling culture hole tray in the step (3) in a seedling culture greenhouse, and controlling the temperature of the greenhouse to be 35-48 ℃ in the daytime and 12-30 ℃ at night;
(5) seedling formation: and (4) finishing the seedling raising process when the seedlings of the seedling raising plug tray in the step (4) grow to be three leaves and one core.
5. Use of a nutritional composition for promoting cucumber seedling growth according to claim 4, wherein: in the step (3), the dosage of the nutrient composition is 30.25-40.75 g/grain.
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| CN103045515B (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2015-12-09 | 陕西恒田化工有限公司 | Bacteria agent of a kind of Methylotrophic genus bacillus and its preparation method and application |
| CA2993440A1 (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2016-01-28 | The Royal Institution For The Advancement Of Learning/Mcgill University | A bacillus methylotrophicus strain and method of using the strain to increase drought resistance in a plant |
| CN105925504A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-09-07 | 南京林业大学 | Bacillus methylotrophicus ZY3A and application thereof to promotion of leaf lettuce growth |
| CN107858304B (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2021-06-04 | 四川农业大学 | Bacillus methylotrophicus B18 and liquid preparation and application thereof |
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| CN105557757A (en) * | 2015-12-19 | 2016-05-11 | 佛山市艳晖生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method for bacillus methylotrophicus wettable powder |
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| CN108034608A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-15 | 中国农业大学 | One plant of Methylotrophic Bacillus strain L-39 and its application |
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