CN107879784B - Fermented material for rice seedling raising matrix and preparation method thereof, rice seedling raising matrix and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fermented material for rice seedling raising matrix and preparation method thereof, rice seedling raising matrix and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011049 pearl Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 10
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000000292 Gouania lupuloides Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000299452 Gouania lupuloides Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000918585 Pythium aphanidermatum Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000989 no adverse effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008121 plant development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rice seedling raising matrix which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 35-60% of fermentation materials, 15-20% of vermiculite, 5-10% of pearl salt and 20-30% of nutrient soil; the fertilizer is characterized by also comprising a compound fertilizer, the dosage of which is 40-60 jin/ton based on the total mass of fermentation materials, vermiculite, pearl salt and nutrient soil, wherein the fermentation materials mainly comprise 100-200 parts of straw, 50-150 parts of rice bran, 1-10 parts of oil bran, 1-10 parts of bean dregs, 0.1-4 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 50-200 parts of excrement and 1-2 parts of Gaoshi No. 15 strain, and the concentration of viable bacteria of the strain is 1X 10 9 cfu/g. The rice seedling raising substrate prepared from the fermentation material containing the Gaoshi No. 15 strain can play a role in preventing and treating the root disease of rice seedlings, and is matched with nutrient soil and compound fertilizer to ensure healthy growth of the rice seedlings; the seedling raising matrix needs to be further cured through heating and stirring, a certain amount of nutrient substances are supplemented for the seedling raising matrix, the property of the seedling raising matrix can be softer to avoid burning seedlings, and the components are mixed more uniformly to provide nutrition for the seedlings and prevent and treat root diseases.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fermentation material, in particular to a fermentation material for a rice seedling raising matrix, and relates to a rice seedling raising matrix prepared by using the fermentation material, and also relates to the fermentation material and a preparation method of the rice seedling raising matrix.
Background
Seedling raising is usually required before crop planting to increase the survival rate of crops and reserve energy for subsequent growth, and the seedling raising matrix is usually composed of carbon and nitrogen-rich nutrient substances, water-retaining agents, wetting agents, disinfectants, fertilizers and the like so as to meet the nutritional requirements of seedling raising periods and prevent the survival rate and the fruiting rate after transplanting from being affected by microbial infection. More researches on seedling raising substrates are also carried out, for example, chinese patent application CN106431576A discloses a rice mechanical transplanting seedling raising substrate which comprises compost products, peat soil and vermiculite, wherein the effective components are obtained by mixing the compost products, the peat soil and the vermiculite according to the mass ratio of 7:2:1 of dry matters, and the substrate only provides nutrition substances and has no other prevention and treatment effects on seedling root diseases; the Chinese patent application CN 105801286A discloses a rice tray seedling raising matrix which comprises carbonized straws, dry soil of a rice field, compound fertilizer and soil disinfectant, wherein the weight ratio of the carbonized straws is 60%, the weight ratio of the dry soil of the rice field is 39%, and the compound fertilizer N: p: k=15: 15:15 is 0.05% -0.5%, the rest is soil disinfectant and plant growth regulator, the proportion in the matrix is 0.05% -0.5%, the matrix not only provides nutrient substances for seedlings, but also can play a role in sterilization and disinfection, but the latter role is obtained by adding the soil disinfectant, is environment-friendly, and has more severe effect on other components of the matrix.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a seedling raising matrix which can provide nutrition for rice seedlings and can prevent and treat crop seedling root diseases.
The invention provides a fermentation material containing Chinese patent application CN 105112304A Gao's 15 strain, the fermentation base initial raw material mainly comprises, by weight, 100-200 parts of straw, 50-150 parts of rice bran, 1-10 parts of oil bran, 1-10 parts of bean dregs, 0.1-4 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 50-200 parts of excrement, 1-2 parts of Gao's 15 strain, and the viable bacteria concentration is 1X 10 9 cfu/g。
The fermentation material also comprises a small amount of medium trace elements, wherein the medium trace elements are one or more of calcium, magnesium, zinc, silicon and manganese, the mass content of each medium trace element is less than 0.05%, and the addition of the small amount of medium trace elements can enrich the nutrition composition of the fermentation material and is beneficial to subsequent fermentation.
The mass of each component in the fermentation material accounts for no more than 5% of the total mass of the material.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the fermentation material containing the Chinese patent application CN 105112304A Gao's 15 strain, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing raw materials according to a proportion, and uniformly mixing other raw materials except the strain of Gaoshi No. 15;
(2) Heating the mixture twice, and adding a strain Gao's No. 15 strain after the first heating;
(3) And (3) preserving heat and fermenting the fermentation material after the temperature is raised twice for more than 8 hours.
And (3) crushing the straws in the step (1) until the particle size is below 0.5 cm.
And (3) heating to 50-75 ℃ for the first time and 80-95 ℃ for the second time in the step (2).
And (3) controlling the humidity of the material in the fermentation process in the step (3) to be 65-75%.
The invention further provides a rice seedling raising matrix, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 35-60% of fermentation material containing Gaoshi No. 15 strain, 15-20% of vermiculite, 5-10% of pearl salt and 20-30% of nutrient soil; the compound fertilizer is characterized by further comprising a compound fertilizer, wherein the dosage of the compound fertilizer is 40-60 jin/ton based on the total mass of fermentation materials, vermiculite, pearl salt and nutrient soil.
The rice seedling raising matrix also comprises ferrous sulfate heptahydrate.
The consumption of the ferrous sulfate heptahydrate is 10-20 jin/ton based on the total mass of the fermented material, vermiculite, pearl salt and nutrient soil.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the rice seedling raising matrix, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the components according to the proportion of the rice seedling raising matrix;
s2, after mixing other components except the compound fertilizer, heating to 50-80 ℃, stirring for 1-4 hours, and then adding the compound fertilizer and uniformly mixing;
s3, packaging and standing for 10-20 days, and then using the product.
The step S2 also comprises the step of adding ferrous sulfate heptahydrate simultaneously with the step of adding the compound fertilizer.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the fermentation material containing the strain Gao's 15 is used for preparing a rice seedling raising matrix, the strain Gao's 15 can play a role in preventing and treating root diseases of rice seedlings, and the strain Gao's 15 is matched with nutrient soil and compound fertilizer to ensure healthy growth of the rice seedlings; in addition, the fermentation material can be further cured by heating and stirring in the preparation process of the seedling raising matrix, a certain amount of nutrient substances are supplemented for the seedling raising matrix, the property of the seedling raising matrix can be softer to avoid burning seedlings, and the components are uniformly mixed to better provide nutrition for the seedlings and prevent and treat root diseases.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following detailed description.
Example 1
The invention provides a rice seedling raising matrix which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 40% of fermentation material containing Gaoshi No. 15 strain, 20% of vermiculite, 10% of pearl salt and 30% of nutrient soil; based on the total mass of the fermented materials, vermiculite, pearl salt and nutrient soil, the method also comprises the steps of using 60 jin/ton of compound fertilizer and 10 jin/ton of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; wherein the compound fertilizer is a compound fertilizer with the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium being (15:15:15).
The fermentation material is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Preparing a fermentation base, wherein the fermentation base comprises, by weight, 150 parts of straw, 100 parts of rice bran, 5 parts of oil bran, 5 parts of bean dregs, 2 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 100 parts of excrement, and crushing the straw to a particle size of below 0.5 cm;
(2) Adding the prepared fermentation medium into a fermentation tank, heating to 60deg.C, adding 1 part of strain 15 of Gao's, and sterilizing at 1×10 9 cfu/g, heating to 80 ℃ and then preserving heat;
(3) And (3) preserving heat and fermenting the fermentation material after the temperature is raised twice for 8 hours, wherein the material humidity is controlled at 70% in the fermentation process.
The rice seedling raising matrix prepared by the fermentation material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the components according to the proportion of the rice seedling raising matrix;
s2, after mixing other components except the compound fertilizer, heating to 60 ℃, stirring for 2 hours, and then adding the compound fertilizer and uniformly mixing;
s3, packaging and standing for 15 days, and then using the product.
Example 2
The invention provides a rice seedling raising matrix which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 55% of fermentation material containing Gaoshi No. 15 strain, 15% of vermiculite, 5% of pearl salt and 25% of nutrient soil; based on the total mass of the fermented materials, vermiculite, pearl salt and nutrient soil, the method also comprises the steps of using 40 jin/ton of compound fertilizer and 15 jin/ton of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; wherein the compound fertilizer is a compound fertilizer with the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium being (15:15:15).
The proportion of the fermentation materials and the preparation method are the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the rice seedling raising substrate of the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Example 3
The invention provides a rice seedling raising matrix which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50% of fermentation material containing Gaoshi No. 15 strain, 18% of vermiculite, 8% of pearl salt and 24% of nutrient soil; based on the total mass of the fermented materials, vermiculite, pearl salt and nutrient soil, the method also comprises the steps of using 40 jin/ton of compound fertilizer and 20 jin/ton of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; wherein the compound fertilizer is a compound fertilizer with the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium being (15:15:15).
The fermentation material is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Preparing a fermentation base, wherein the fermentation base comprises, by weight, 100 parts of straw, 150 parts of rice bran, 8 parts of oil bran, 4 parts of bean dregs, 1 part of monopotassium phosphate and 150 parts of excrement, and crushing the straw to a particle size of below 0.5 cm;
(2) Adding the prepared fermentation medium into a fermentation tank, heating to 70deg.C, adding 2 parts of strain 15 of Gao's strain with viable bacteria concentration of 1×10 9 cfu/g, heating to 90 ℃ and preserving heat;
(3) And (3) preserving heat and fermenting the fermentation material after the temperature is raised twice for 10 hours, wherein the material humidity is controlled at 75% in the fermentation process.
The preparation method of the rice seedling raising substrate in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1, the temperature in the step S2 is set to 70 ℃ and the stirring time is set to 3 hours.
Example 4
The invention provides a rice seedling raising matrix which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 55% of fermentation material containing Gaoshi No. 15 strain, 20% of vermiculite, 5% of pearl salt and 20% of nutrient soil; based on the total mass of the fermented materials, vermiculite, pearl salt and nutrient soil, the method also comprises the steps of using 55 jin/ton of compound fertilizer and 20 jin/ton of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; wherein the compound fertilizer is a compound fertilizer with the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium being (15:15:15).
The fermentation material is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Preparing a fermentation base, wherein the fermentation base comprises, by weight, 180 parts of straw, 80 parts of rice bran, 6 parts of oil bran, 6 parts of bean dregs, 1.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 160 parts of feces, and crushing the straw to a particle size of below 0.5 cm;
(2) Adding the prepared fermentation medium into a fermentation tank, heating to 65deg.C, adding 1.5 parts of strain Gao's 15 with viable bacteria concentration of 1×10 9 cfu/g, heating to 85 ℃ and preserving heat;
(3) And (3) preserving heat and fermenting the fermentation material after the temperature is raised twice for 12 hours, wherein the material humidity is controlled at 70% in the fermentation process.
The preparation method of the rice seedling raising substrate in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1, the temperature in the step S2 is set to 55 ℃, and the stirring time is set to 4 hours.
Example 5
The invention provides a rice seedling raising matrix which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 45% of fermentation material containing Gaoshi No. 15 strain, 20% of vermiculite, 5% of pearl salt and 30% of nutrient soil; based on the total mass of the fermented materials, vermiculite, pearl salt and nutrient soil, the method also comprises the steps of using 50 jin/ton of compound fertilizer and 15 jin/ton of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; wherein the compound fertilizer is a compound fertilizer with the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium being (15:15:15).
The fermentation material is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Preparing a fermentation base, wherein the fermentation base comprises, by weight, 200 parts of straw, 120 parts of rice bran, 10 parts of oil bran, 8 parts of bean dregs, 2.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 200 parts of excrement, and crushing the straw to a particle size of below 0.5 cm;
(2) Adding the prepared fermentation medium into a fermentation tank, heating to 75deg.C, adding 1.5 parts of strain Gao's 15 with viable bacteria concentration of 1×10 9 cfu/g, heating to 80 ℃ and preserving heat;
(3) And (3) preserving heat and fermenting the fermentation material after the temperature is raised twice for 10 hours, wherein the material humidity is controlled at 65% in the fermentation process.
The preparation method of the rice seedling raising substrate in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1, the temperature in the step S2 is set to 50 ℃, and the stirring time is set to 4 hours.
Example 6
The invention provides a rice seedling raising matrix which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the fermented material containing the strain of Gaoshi 15 is 60%, vermiculite 15%, pearl salt is 5% and nutrient soil is 20%; the total mass of the fermented materials, vermiculite, pearl salt and nutrient soil is taken as a reference, and the compound fertilizer is 45 jin/ton, and the ferrous sulfate heptahydrate is 15 jin/ton; wherein the compound fertilizer is a compound fertilizer with the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium being (15:15:15).
The fermentation material is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Preparing a fermentation base, wherein the fermentation base comprises, by weight, 140 parts of straw, 120 parts of rice bran, 7 parts of oil bran, 8 parts of bean dregs, 3 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 150 parts of excrement, and crushing the straw to a particle size of below 0.5 cm;
(2) Adding the prepared fermentation medium into a fermentation tank, heating to 50deg.C, adding 2 parts of strain 15 of Gao's strain with viable bacteria concentration of 1×10 9 cfu/g, heating to 95 ℃ and preserving heat;
(3) And (3) preserving heat and fermenting the fermentation material after the temperature is raised twice for 10 hours, wherein the material humidity is controlled at 70% in the fermentation process.
The preparation method of the rice seedling raising substrate of the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
The detection process of the rice seedling raising matrix comprises the following steps:
i. subpackaging the matrix into seedling trays, 10 trays in total, and sowing rice seeds;
ii, culturing seedlings in a greenhouse for 20 days;
and (3) measuring seedling conditions after 20 days, wherein the measurement parameters comprise leaf age, seedling height, seedling stem width, number of white roots of a single plant and total weight of seedlings.
The statistical method of each parameter is as follows:
leaf age: the various stages of plant development are generally referred to as leaf ages with the development of several complete leaves; randomly selecting 20 plants per disc, measuring the number of leaves on a main stem, and taking an average value;
seedling height: the maximum length from the highest rooting position of the seedlings to the blade tips; randomly selecting 20 plants per disc, measuring the length from the highest rooting position to the last leaf, and taking an average value;
seedling stem width: the width of the seedling is 1 cm above the highest rooting position; randomly selecting 20 plants per disc, removing seedling roots, measuring the total width of seedling stems in a row, and taking an average value;
number of white roots per plant: number of healthy roots of individual seedlings; randomly selecting 20 strains per disc, measuring the number of white roots, and taking an average value;
seedling total weight: the quality of each tray of soil-removed seedlings; weighing the mass of 20 seedlings randomly planted in each tray;
seedling stage damping off disease: 5 points are selected for each disc, 20 seedlings are selected for each point, the disease condition of each seedling damping off is recorded, and grading investigation is carried out according to five stages of 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7: level 0: the whole plant is free from diseases; stage 1: the base of the stem is slightly brown, and the rice seedlings grow basically normally; 3 stages: the basal stem is significantly browned with softening and slight decay; 5 stages: the basal part of the stem is obviously brown and rotten, and the heart leaves are withered and curled; 7 stages: the basal part of the stem turns brown and decays, and the whole plant is withered or yellow brown dead; and finally calculating the average disease index of each treatment.
The results of the measurements are shown in Table 1
TABLE 1
The control was a plain compost without strain 15 of Gao's.
The result shows that the rice seedling raising matrix has no adverse effect on rice seedling emergence and growth, but can promote rice seedling emergence in the same cultivation time, and is safe to rice; and promote the growth of root system of the rice seedling, promote the increase of the rice seedling, the nutrition in the rice seedling is accumulated fast, the weight is increased fast, and the seedling blight of the rice is obviously inhibited.
The materials, reagents and experimental equipment related to the embodiment of the invention are all commercial products conforming to the field of crop cultivation unless specified.
While the invention has been described with respect to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and variations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
Claims (1)
1. The rice seedling raising matrix is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 55% of fermentation material containing Gaoshi No. 15 strain, 20% of vermiculite, 5% of pearl salt and 20% of nutrient soil; based on the total mass of the fermented materials, vermiculite, pearl salt and nutrient soil, the method also comprises the steps of using 55 jin/ton of compound fertilizer and 20 jin/ton of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; wherein the compound fertilizer is a compound fertilizer with the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium being (15:15:15);
the fermentation material is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Preparing a fermentation base, wherein the fermentation base comprises, by weight, 180 parts of straw, 80 parts of rice bran, 6 parts of oil bran, 6 parts of bean dregs, 1.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 160 parts of feces, and crushing the straw to a particle size of below 0.5 cm;
(2) Adding the prepared fermentation medium into a fermentation tank, heating to 65deg.C, adding 1.5 parts of strain Gao's 15 with viable bacteria concentration of 1×10 9 cfu/g, heating to 85 ℃ and preserving heat;
(3) Fermenting the fermented material after the temperature rise twice for 12 hours in a heat preservation way, wherein the material humidity is controlled at 70% in the fermentation process;
the rice seedling raising matrix prepared by the fermentation material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the components according to the proportion of the rice seedling raising matrix;
s2, after mixing other components except the compound fertilizer, heating to 55 ℃, stirring for 4 hours, and then adding the compound fertilizer and uniformly mixing;
s3, packaging and standing for 15 days, and then using the product.
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| CN105237219A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2016-01-13 | 中国水稻研究所 | Rice organic inorganic seedling-growing matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN105638301A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-06-08 | 安徽飞天农用生物科技有限公司 | Seedling culturing matrix with straw fermentation matter as main raw material and preparation method of seedling culturing matrix |
| CN107226742A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-10-03 | 黄忠南 | A kind of preparation method for being conducive to preventing and treating the microbial manure of rice seedling blight |
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Patent Citations (6)
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| CN101507410A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2009-08-19 | 王其传 | Machine-transplanted rice seedling raising ground substance and production method thereof |
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