CN114467657A - Pepper cultivation method - Google Patents
Pepper cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114467657A CN114467657A CN202210250267.0A CN202210250267A CN114467657A CN 114467657 A CN114467657 A CN 114467657A CN 202210250267 A CN202210250267 A CN 202210250267A CN 114467657 A CN114467657 A CN 114467657A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pepper cultivation method, which relates to the technical field of agriculture and comprises the following processing steps: placing the seeds on a gauze which is one meter away from the ground in an environment with the outdoor temperature of 20-25 ℃, and then drying the seeds in the sun for later use to avoid the pepper seeds from sprouting. The invention has the beneficial effects that firstly, the seeds are dried by sun light so as to be convenient for subsequent sterilization and disinfection, meanwhile, ultraviolet rays carried by the sun light can kill part of germs in the seeds, the seeds are heated to 70 ℃ by the drying box to passivate and lose the activity of viruses attached to the seeds so as to avoid the influence of diseases when the subsequent seeds germinate and grow seedlings, meanwhile, the activity of the pepper seeds can be increased when the seeds are dried by the drying box so as to be convenient for the vigorous growth of pepper seedlings, the seedlings are effectively interfered by external factors such as diseases, insect pests, temperature and the like when the seedlings are cultivated, and the fruits produced by pepper can be plump after the subsequent careful planting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a pepper cultivation method.
Background
Capsicum of Solanaceae. The fruit and the peel of the pepper are the perennial herb plants of one year or a limited number of years, the pepper has peppery taste due to the fact that the fruit and the peel contain capsaicin, the appetite can be improved, the content of vitamin C in the pepper is the first in vegetables, and the pepper is eaten more in southern areas due to higher humidity in the air.
The hot pepper belongs to the wrong degree of difficulty that the root is more shallow simultaneously and leads to its cultivation breeding, the seedling receives the influence of temperature and disease easily when cultivating the seedling of hot pepper simultaneously, the germ is usually kept in the surface and the inside of seed, thereby absorb the nutrient in the seedling and lead to the hot pepper crop to appear the flower fall easily when the seed is grown, the fruit drop, the fallen leaves, the emergence of phenomenon such as plant premature senility and hot pepper malformed fruit, it is comparatively inconvenient to influence the sale and use of crops, the too low of while high temperature all causes the influence to the cultivation of hot pepper seedling easily, it is comparatively inconvenient to use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a pepper cultivation method, which is used for solving the technical problem that seedlings are easy to be interfered by diseases, temperature and other external factors during cultivation to cause crop death or unhealthy growth in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for cultivating hot pepper includes such steps as preparing raw materials,
the method comprises the following steps: placing the seeds on a gauze which is one meter away from the ground in an environment with the outdoor temperature of 20-25 ℃, and then drying the seeds in the sun for later use to avoid the pepper seeds from sprouting;
step two: and (3) after October, the dry seeds prepared in the step one are placed in a drying box for treatment, so that viruses attached to the seeds can be inactivated and inactivated, and the activity of the pepper seeds is increased.
Step three: and D, placing the pepper seeds in the second step into warm water, continuously stirring, fishing out, soaking in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 10 minutes after fishing out, cleaning the pepper seeds with clear water, soaking the pepper seeds in another part of clear water, wrapping with gauze, storing in a greenhouse for accelerating germination, sowing after the seeds are white after 4-5 days, and enabling the pepper seeds to germinate healthily by a seed soaking and accelerating germination method.
Step four: mixing sterile soil and decomposed manure, then adding 110 g of calcium superphosphate, 9 g of carbendazim, 7 g of trichlorfon, 10 g of wormcast and 5 g of sulfur powder, uniformly mixing to prepare nutrient soil, covering a film, tightly covering for 10-15 days, putting the nutrient soil into a cultivation pot, and watering for later use, wherein a plurality of seedling cultivation pots are required to be prepared for later use;
step five: planting the peppers sprouting in the third step, burying the peppers in the cultivation pots prepared in the fourth step, covering a mulching film for heat preservation and moisture preservation, adjusting the illumination in a greenhouse to enable pepper seeds to grow vigorously, removing the mulching film after more than 50% of the seeds grow to more than 2 true leaves, taking out the seedlings, putting the seedlings into other seedling cultivation pots, only cultivating one pepper seedling in each seedling cultivation pot to avoid the situation that multiple seedlings compete for nutrients due to overlarge planting density, and adjusting the illumination and the temperature in the greenhouse to enhance indoor ventilation to enable the pepper seedlings to grow vigorously;
step six: applying 170 parts of organic fertilizer and 30 parts of compound fertilizer to each mu of base, and then raking, leveling and ridging the soil and the fertilizer.
Step seven: transplanting the pepper seedlings without diseases in the fifth step into the soil in the sixth step when the seedlings grow to more than 4 true leaves and the clear ground temperature is more than 15 ℃ in the middle ten days of 12 months, adopting a double-row planting method, wherein the row spacing of two pepper seedlings is 80 cm, the customized density per mu of land is 2300, and adopting a drip irrigation method to irrigate the pepper seedlings to ensure the soil humidity.
Preferably, the working temperature of the drying oven in the second step is 70 ℃, and the working time of the drying oven in the second step is 2-3 days.
By adopting the technical scheme, the drying oven is heated to 70 ℃ to passivate the viruses attached to the seeds to lose the activity, so that the subsequent seeds are prevented from being affected by diseases during germination and seedling raising, and meanwhile, the activity of the pepper seeds can be increased when the drying oven dries the seeds.
Preferably, the warm water temperature in the third step is 55 ℃, and the stirring time in the third step is 10 m.
By adopting the technical scheme, the pepper seeds are subjected to germination acceleration by a seed soaking and germination acceleration method during germination acceleration, so that the pepper seeds are in a relatively clean environment in a germination stage to avoid the interference of diseases.
Preferably, the soaking time of the seeds in the third step is 4-5 hours, and the room temperature of the greenhouse in the third step is 25-28 ℃.
By adopting the technical scheme, the pepper seeds are subjected to germination acceleration by a seed soaking and germination acceleration method during germination acceleration, so that the pepper seeds are in a relatively clean environment in a germination stage to avoid the interference of diseases.
Preferably, the mixing ratio of the sterile soil and the decomposed manure in the fourth step is 6: and 4, the diameter of the seedling raising pot in the fourth step is 10cm, and the height of the seedling raising pot is 12 cm.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because nutrient soil is that sterile soil and ripe manure mix forms when growing seedlings, inside calcium superphosphate, carbendazim, trichlorfon, earthworm excrement and sulfur powder of having added simultaneously for the seedling is abundant in nutrition so that healthy growth when the cultivation, can avoid the influence of insect pest and disease simultaneously.
Preferably, the room temperature in the daytime in the fifth step is 25-28 ℃, and the room temperature in the evening in the fifth step is constant at 18 ℃.
By adopting the technical scheme, only one pepper seedling can be cultivated in each seedling cultivating pot during seedling division so as to avoid the situation that a plurality of seedlings strive for nutrients due to overlarge planting density, and meanwhile, indoor ventilation is enhanced by adjusting the illumination and temperature in the greenhouse so that the pepper seedlings can thrive.
Preferably, the compound fertilizer in the sixth step is prepared by mixing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate in a proportion of 1: 1: 1, the width of the ridge in the sixth step is 1 meter, and the height of the ridge in the sixth step is 17 centimeters.
By adopting the technical scheme, the two fertilizers of the organic fertilizer and the compound fertilizer are adopted as the fertilizers during field planting to ensure that pepper seedlings have enough nutrients to grow, a double-row field planting method is adopted, the row spacing of the two pepper seedlings is 80 cm, the customized density of each mu of land is 2300 plants, and pepper planting is not too dense or too sparse.
Preferably, the soil humidity in the seventh step is 70% -80%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the two fertilizers of the organic fertilizer and the compound fertilizer are adopted as the fertilizers during field planting to ensure that pepper seedlings have enough nutrients to grow, a double-row field planting method is adopted, the row spacing of the two pepper seedlings is 80 cm, the customized density of each mu of land is 2300 plants, and pepper planting is not too dense or too sparse.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: firstly, seeds are dried by sun so as to be convenient for subsequent sterilization and disinfection, meanwhile, ultraviolet rays carried by the sun can kill part of germs in the seeds, the seeds are heated to 70 ℃ by a drying box to passivate and lose the activity of viruses attached to the seeds so as to avoid the influence of diseases when the subsequent seeds germinate and grow seedlings, meanwhile, the drying box can increase the activity of pepper seeds when the seeds are dried so as to be convenient for the growth of pepper seedlings, the pepper seeds are subjected to germination and germination by a seed soaking and germination accelerating method so as to enable the pepper seeds to be in a cleaner environment in the germination stage so as to avoid the interference of diseases, the seedling is grown by mixing sterile soil and decomposed manure during seedling growing, meanwhile, calcium superphosphate, carbendazim, trichlorfon, earthworm manure and sulfur powder are added inside, so that the seedlings are fully nutritious so as to be convenient for healthy growth during cultivation, and the influence of insect pests and diseases can be avoided, the method is characterized in that only one pepper seedling can be cultivated in each seedling pot during seedling division, so that the situation that multiple seedlings compete for nutrients due to overlarge planting density is avoided, indoor ventilation is enhanced by adjusting illumination and temperature in a greenhouse, the pepper seedlings can grow vigorously, two fertilizers, namely organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer, are adopted as fertilizers during field planting, the pepper seedlings have enough nutrients to grow, the seedlings are effectively interfered by external factors such as diseases, insect pests, temperature and the like during seedling cultivation, and fruits grown by pepper can be plump through careful planting in the follow-up process.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, inventive features, objectives and effects realized by the present invention easy to understand and understand, the present invention is further described below with reference to the specific embodiments.
In the case of the example 1, the following examples are given,
the method comprises the following steps: placing the seeds on a gauze which is one meter away from the ground in an environment with the outdoor temperature of 20-25 ℃, and then drying the seeds in the sun for later use to avoid the pepper seeds from sprouting;
step two: and (3) after October, the dry seeds prepared in the step one are placed in a drying box for treatment, so that viruses attached to the seeds can be inactivated and inactivated, and the activity of the pepper seeds is increased.
Step three: and D, placing the pepper seeds in the step two into warm water, continuously stirring, fishing out, soaking in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 10 minutes after fishing out, cleaning the pepper seeds with clear water, soaking in another part of clear water, wrapping with gauze, storing in a greenhouse for accelerating germination, sowing after 4 days when the seeds are exposed to be white, and enabling the pepper seeds to germinate healthily by a seed soaking and accelerating germination method.
Step four: mixing sterile soil and decomposed manure, then adding 110 g of calcium superphosphate, 9 g of carbendazim, 7 g of trichlorfon, 10 g of wormcast and 5 g of sulfur powder, uniformly mixing to prepare nutrient soil, covering with a film, tightly covering for 10 days, putting into a cultivation pot, watering for later use, and preparing a plurality of seedling cultivation pots for later use;
step five: planting the peppers sprouting in the third step, burying the peppers in the cultivation pots prepared in the fourth step, covering a mulching film for heat preservation and moisture preservation, adjusting the illumination in a greenhouse to enable pepper seeds to grow vigorously, removing the mulching film after more than 50% of the seeds grow to more than 2 true leaves, taking out the seedlings, putting the seedlings into other seedling cultivation pots, only cultivating one pepper seedling in each seedling cultivation pot to avoid the situation that multiple seedlings compete for nutrients due to overlarge planting density, and adjusting the illumination and the temperature in the greenhouse to enhance indoor ventilation to enable the pepper seedlings to grow vigorously;
step six: applying 170 parts of organic fertilizer and 30 parts of compound fertilizer to each mu of base, and then raking, leveling and ridging the soil and the fertilizer.
Step seven: transplanting the pepper seedlings without diseases in the fifth step into the soil in the sixth step when the seedlings grow to more than 4 true leaves and the clear ground temperature is more than 15 ℃ in the middle ten days of 12 months, adopting a double-row planting method, wherein the row spacing of two pepper seedlings is 80 cm, the customized density per mu of land is 2300, and adopting a drip irrigation method to irrigate the pepper seedlings to ensure the soil humidity.
Preferably, the working temperature of the drying oven in the second step is 70 ℃, and the working time of the drying oven in the second step is 2 days.
Preferably, the warm water temperature in the third step is 55 ℃, and the stirring time in the third step is 10 m.
Preferably, the soaking time of the seeds in the third step is 4 hours, and the room temperature of the greenhouse in the third step is 25 ℃.
Preferably, the mixing ratio of the sterile soil and the decomposed manure in the fourth step is 6: and 4, the diameter of the seedling raising pot in the fourth step is 10cm, and the height of the seedling raising pot is 12 cm.
Preferably, the daytime room temperature in the fifth step is 25 ℃, and the room temperature in the evening in the fifth step is constant at 18 ℃.
Preferably, the compound fertilizer in the sixth step is prepared by mixing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate in a proportion of 1: 1: 1, the width of the ridge in the sixth step is 1 meter, and the height of the ridge in the sixth step is 17 centimeters.
Preferably, the soil humidity in the seventh step is 70%.
In the case of the example 2, the following examples are given,
the method comprises the following steps: placing the seeds on a gauze which is one meter away from the ground in an environment with the outdoor temperature of 20-25 ℃, and then drying the seeds in the sun for later use to avoid the pepper seeds from sprouting;
step two: and (3) after October, the dry seeds prepared in the step one are placed in a drying box for treatment, so that viruses attached to the seeds can be inactivated and inactivated, and the activity of the pepper seeds is increased.
Step three: and D, placing the pepper seeds in the step two into warm water, continuously stirring, fishing out, soaking in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 10 minutes after fishing out, cleaning the pepper seeds with clear water, soaking in another part of clear water, wrapping with gauze, storing in a greenhouse for accelerating germination, sowing after 4 days when the seeds are exposed to be white, and enabling the pepper seeds to germinate healthily by a seed soaking and accelerating germination method.
Step four: mixing sterile soil and decomposed manure, then adding 110 g of calcium superphosphate, 9 g of carbendazim, 7 g of trichlorfon, 10 g of wormcast and 5 g of sulfur powder, uniformly mixing to prepare nutrient soil, covering with a film, tightly covering for 12 days, putting into a cultivation pot, watering for later use, and preparing a plurality of seedling cultivation pots for later use;
step five: planting the peppers sprouting in the third step, burying the peppers in the cultivation pots prepared in the fourth step, covering a mulching film for heat preservation and moisture preservation, adjusting the illumination in a greenhouse to enable pepper seeds to grow vigorously, removing the mulching film after more than 50% of the seeds grow to more than 2 true leaves, taking out the seedlings, putting the seedlings into other seedling cultivation pots, only cultivating one pepper seedling in each seedling cultivation pot to avoid the situation that multiple seedlings compete for nutrients due to overlarge planting density, and adjusting the illumination and the temperature in the greenhouse to enhance indoor ventilation to enable the pepper seedlings to grow vigorously;
step six: applying 170 parts of organic fertilizer and 30 parts of compound fertilizer to each mu of base, and then raking, leveling and ridging the soil and the fertilizer.
Step seven: transplanting the pepper seedlings without diseases in the fifth step into the soil in the sixth step when the seedlings grow to more than 4 true leaves and the clear ground temperature is more than 15 ℃ in the middle ten days of 12 months, adopting a double-row planting method, wherein the row spacing of two pepper seedlings is 80 cm, the customized density per mu of land is 2300, and adopting a drip irrigation method to irrigate the pepper seedlings to ensure the soil humidity.
Preferably, the working temperature of the drying oven in the second step is 70 ℃, and the working time of the drying oven in the second step is 2 days.
Preferably, the warm water temperature in the third step is 55 ℃, and the stirring time in the third step is 10 m.
Preferably, the soaking time of the seeds in the third step is 4 hours, and the room temperature of the greenhouse in the third step is 26 ℃.
Preferably, the mixing ratio of the sterile soil and the decomposed manure in the fourth step is 6: and 4, the diameter of the seedling raising pot in the fourth step is 10cm, and the height of the seedling raising pot is 12 cm.
Preferably, the room temperature in the daytime in the fifth step is 26 ℃, and the room temperature in the evening in the fifth step is constant at 18 ℃.
Preferably, the compound fertilizer in the sixth step is prepared by mixing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate in a proportion of 1: 1: 1, the width of the ridge in the sixth step is 1 meter, and the height of the ridge in the sixth step is 17 centimeters.
Preferably, the soil humidity in the seventh step is 70%.
In the case of the example 3, the following examples are given,
the method comprises the following steps: placing the seeds on a gauze which is one meter away from the ground in an environment with the outdoor temperature of 20-25 ℃, and then drying the seeds in the sun for later use to avoid the pepper seeds from sprouting;
step two: and (3) after October, the dry seeds prepared in the step one are placed in a drying box for treatment, so that viruses attached to the seeds can be inactivated and inactivated, and the activity of the pepper seeds is increased.
Step three: and D, placing the pepper seeds in the step two into warm water, continuously stirring, fishing out, soaking in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 10 minutes after fishing out, cleaning the pepper seeds with clear water, soaking in another part of clear water, wrapping with gauze, storing in a greenhouse for accelerating germination, sowing after 5 days when the seeds are exposed to be white, and enabling the pepper seeds to germinate healthily by a seed soaking and accelerating germination method.
Step four: mixing sterile soil and decomposed manure, then adding 110 g of calcium superphosphate, 9 g of carbendazim, 7 g of trichlorfon, 10 g of wormcast and 5 g of sulfur powder, uniformly mixing to prepare nutrient soil, covering with a film, tightly covering for 13 days, putting into a cultivation pot, watering for later use, and preparing a plurality of seedling cultivation pots for later use;
step five: planting the peppers sprouting in the third step, burying the peppers in the cultivation pots prepared in the fourth step, covering a mulching film for heat preservation and moisture preservation, adjusting the illumination in a greenhouse to enable pepper seeds to grow vigorously, removing the mulching film after more than 50% of the seeds grow to more than 2 true leaves, taking out the seedlings, putting the seedlings into other seedling cultivation pots, only cultivating one pepper seedling in each seedling cultivation pot to avoid the situation that multiple seedlings compete for nutrients due to overlarge planting density, and adjusting the illumination and the temperature in the greenhouse to enhance indoor ventilation to enable the pepper seedlings to grow vigorously;
step six: applying 170 parts of organic fertilizer and 30 parts of compound fertilizer to each mu of base, and then raking, leveling and ridging the soil and the fertilizer.
Step seven: transplanting the pepper seedlings without diseases in the fifth step into the soil in the sixth step when the seedlings grow to more than 4 true leaves and the clear ground temperature is more than 15 ℃ in the middle ten days of 12 months, adopting a double-row planting method, wherein the row spacing of two pepper seedlings is 80 cm, the customized density per mu of land is 2300, and adopting a drip irrigation method to irrigate the pepper seedlings to ensure the soil humidity.
Preferably, the working temperature of the drying oven in the second step is 70 ℃, and the working time of the drying oven in the second step is 3 days.
Preferably, the warm water temperature in the third step is 55 ℃, and the stirring time in the third step is 10 m.
Preferably, the soaking time of the seeds in the third step is 5 hours, and the room temperature of the greenhouse in the third step is 27 ℃.
Preferably, the mixing ratio of the sterile soil and the decomposed manure in the fourth step is 6: and 4, the diameter of the seedling raising pot in the fourth step is 10cm, and the height of the seedling raising pot is 12 cm.
Preferably, the daytime room temperature in the fifth step is 27 ℃, and the room temperature in the evening in the fifth step is a constant temperature of 18 ℃.
Preferably, the compound fertilizer in the sixth step is prepared by mixing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate in a proportion of 1: 1: 1, the width of the ridge in the sixth step is 1 meter, and the height of the ridge in the sixth step is 17 centimeters.
Preferably, the soil humidity in the seventh step is 80%.
In the case of the example 4, the following examples are given,
the method comprises the following steps: placing the seeds on a gauze which is one meter away from the ground in an environment with the outdoor temperature of 20-25 ℃, and then drying the seeds in the sun for later use to avoid the pepper seeds from sprouting;
step two: and (3) after October, the dry seeds prepared in the step one are placed in a drying box for treatment, so that viruses attached to the seeds can be inactivated and inactivated, and the activity of the pepper seeds is increased.
Step three: and D, placing the pepper seeds in the step two into warm water, continuously stirring, fishing out, soaking in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 10 minutes after fishing out, cleaning the pepper seeds with clear water, soaking in another part of clear water, wrapping with gauze, storing in a greenhouse for accelerating germination, sowing after 5 days when the seeds are exposed to be white, and enabling the pepper seeds to germinate healthily by a seed soaking and accelerating germination method.
Step four: mixing sterile soil and decomposed manure, then adding 110 g of calcium superphosphate, 9 g of carbendazim, 7 g of trichlorfon, 10 g of wormcast and 5 g of sulfur powder, uniformly mixing to prepare nutrient soil, covering a film, tightly covering for 15 days, putting the nutrient soil into a culture pot, and watering for later use, wherein a plurality of seedling culture pots are required to be prepared for later use;
step five: planting the peppers sprouting in the third step, burying the peppers in the cultivation pots prepared in the fourth step, covering a mulching film for heat preservation and moisture preservation, adjusting the illumination in a greenhouse to enable pepper seeds to grow vigorously, removing the mulching film after more than 50% of the seeds grow to more than 2 true leaves, taking out the seedlings, putting the seedlings into other seedling cultivation pots, only cultivating one pepper seedling in each seedling cultivation pot to avoid the situation that multiple seedlings compete for nutrients due to overlarge planting density, and adjusting the illumination and the temperature in the greenhouse to enhance indoor ventilation to enable the pepper seedlings to grow vigorously;
step six: applying 170 parts of organic fertilizer and 30 parts of compound fertilizer to each mu of base, and then raking, leveling and ridging the soil and the fertilizer.
Step seven: transplanting the pepper seedlings without diseases in the fifth step into the soil in the sixth step when the seedlings grow to more than 4 true leaves and the clear ground temperature is more than 15 ℃ in the middle ten days of 12 months, adopting a double-row planting method, wherein the row spacing of two pepper seedlings is 80 cm, the customized density per mu of land is 2300, and adopting a drip irrigation method to irrigate the pepper seedlings to ensure the soil humidity.
Preferably, the working temperature of the drying oven in the second step is 70 ℃, and the working time of the drying oven in the second step is 3 days.
Preferably, the warm water temperature in the third step is 55 ℃, and the stirring time in the third step is 10 m.
Preferably, the soaking time of the seeds in the third step is 5 hours, and the room temperature of the greenhouse in the third step is 28 ℃.
Preferably, the mixing ratio of the sterile soil and the decomposed manure in the fourth step is 6: and 4, the diameter of the nursery pot in the fourth step is 10cm, and the height of the nursery pot is 12 cm.
Preferably, the room temperature in the daytime in the fifth step is 28 ℃, and the room temperature in the evening in the fifth step is constant at 18 ℃.
Preferably, the compound fertilizer in the sixth step is prepared by mixing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate in a proportion of 1: 1: 1, wherein the width of the ridge in the sixth step is 1 meter, and the height of the ridge in the sixth step is 17 centimeters.
Preferably, the soil humidity in the seventh step is 80%.
The above examples only show certain embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A pepper cultivation method is characterized by comprising the following processing steps,
the method comprises the following steps: placing the seeds on a gauze which is one meter away from the ground in an environment with the outdoor temperature of 20-25 ℃, and then drying the seeds in the sun for later use to avoid the pepper seeds from sprouting;
step two: placing the dry seeds prepared in the step one in a drying box for treatment after October, so that viruses attached to the seeds can be passivated and inactivated, and meanwhile, the activity of the pepper seeds is increased;
step three: placing the pepper seeds in the second step into warm water, continuously stirring, fishing out, soaking in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 10 minutes after fishing out, cleaning the pepper seeds with clear water, soaking the pepper seeds in another part of clear water, wrapping with gauze, storing in a greenhouse for accelerating germination, sowing after the seeds are exposed to white after 4-5 days, and enabling the pepper seeds to germinate healthily by a seed soaking and accelerating germination method;
step four: mixing sterile soil and decomposed manure, then adding 110 g of calcium superphosphate, 9 g of carbendazim, 7 g of trichlorfon, 10 g of wormcast and 5 g of sulfur powder, uniformly mixing to prepare nutrient soil, covering a film, tightly covering for 10-15 days, putting the nutrient soil into a cultivation pot, and watering for later use, wherein a plurality of seedling cultivation pots are required to be prepared for later use;
step five: planting the peppers sprouting in the third step, burying the peppers in the cultivation pots prepared in the fourth step, covering a mulching film for heat preservation and moisture preservation, adjusting the illumination in a greenhouse to enable pepper seeds to grow vigorously, removing the mulching film after more than 50% of the seeds grow to more than 2 true leaves, taking out the seedlings, putting the seedlings into other seedling cultivation pots, only cultivating one pepper seedling in each seedling cultivation pot to avoid the situation that multiple seedlings compete for nutrients due to overlarge planting density, and adjusting the illumination and the temperature in the greenhouse to enhance indoor ventilation to enable the pepper seedlings to grow vigorously;
step six: applying 170 parts of organic fertilizer and 30 parts of compound fertilizer to each mu of base, and then raking, leveling and ridging the soil and the fertilizer;
step seven: transplanting the pepper seedlings without diseases in the fifth step into the soil in the sixth step when the seedlings grow to more than 4 true leaves and the clear ground temperature is more than 15 ℃ in the middle ten days of 12 months, adopting a double-row planting method, wherein the row spacing of two pepper seedlings is 80 cm, the customized density per mu of land is 2300, and adopting a drip irrigation method to irrigate the pepper seedlings to ensure the soil humidity.
2. The method for cultivating pepper as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the drying box in the second step is 70 ℃, and the time of the drying box in the second step is 2-3 days.
3. The method for cultivating pepper as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the warm water in the third step is 55 ℃ and the stirring time in the third step is 10 m.
4. The method for cultivating pepper as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soaking time of the seeds in the third step is 4-5 h, and the room temperature of the greenhouse in the third step is 25-28 ℃.
5. The method for cultivating pepper according to claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio of the sterile soil and the decomposed manure in the fourth step is 6: and 4, the diameter of the seedling raising pot in the fourth step is 10cm, and the height of the seedling raising pot is 12 cm.
6. The method for cultivating pepper as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the room during the day in the fifth step is 25-28 ℃ and the temperature of the room at night in the fifth step is 18 ℃.
7. The method for cultivating pepper as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound fertilizer in the sixth step is a mixture of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate in a ratio of 1: 1: 1, the width of the ridge in the sixth step is 1 meter, and the height of the ridge in the sixth step is 17 centimeters.
8. The method for cultivating pepper as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil humidity in the seventh step is 70-80%.
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