CN110915344A - Method for improving decomposition rate of yellow soil dry land green manure crops - Google Patents
Method for improving decomposition rate of yellow soil dry land green manure crops Download PDFInfo
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- CN110915344A CN110915344A CN201911124855.4A CN201911124855A CN110915344A CN 110915344 A CN110915344 A CN 110915344A CN 201911124855 A CN201911124855 A CN 201911124855A CN 110915344 A CN110915344 A CN 110915344A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
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- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of green manure crop returning, and discloses a method for improving the decomposition rate of green manure crops in yellow soil dry land. The method can improve the decomposition rate of the yellow soil dry land green manure, is suitable for popularization and use in southwest karst mountainous regions, and provides a new method and thought for reasonable utilization of the green manure in the Guizhou yellow soil dry land and scientific management of farmland nutrients.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of green manure crop returning, in particular to a method for improving the decomposition rate of green manure crops in yellow soil dry land.
Background
After the green manure crops grow for a certain period, the green stems and leaves of the green manure crops are directly turned into the soil, so that the labor can be saved, the transportation cost can be reduced, and the soil composting can also be applied. The green manure contains various nutrients and a large amount of organic matters, and can improve the soil structure, promote soil curing and enhance the soil fertility.
Biochar is a charcoal as a soil conditioner, can help plant growth, can be applied to agricultural use and carbon collection and storage, and is different from conventional charcoal generally used for fuel, and can increase agricultural productivity by 20%, purify water quality, and contribute to reducing the use of chemical fertilizers.
The southwest karst mountain land is not flaky, the large-scale mechanized production degree of agriculture is not high, and small-sized machinery or livestock ploughing land is commonly used in the local area. When the fresh green manure crops are returned to the field, the water content is high, the returning amount of the fresh green manure crops is large, the uniform plowing is extremely inconvenient to use by small machinery or livestock plowing operation modes, the decomposition rate of the plowed green manure crops is slow, the field returning popularization of the green manure crops is seriously influenced, and therefore a method capable of improving the decomposition rate of the green manure crops in the southwest karst mountain region yellow soil dry land is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems, the invention provides the method for improving the decomposition rate of the yellow soil dry land green manure crops, which has a high decomposition rate and is suitable for popularization and application in southwest karst mountainous regions.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for improving the decomposition rate of yellow soil dry land green manure crops comprises the following steps:
s1: cutting any one fresh green manure crop plant on a field, weighing the fresh weight of the fresh green manure crop plant, converting the fresh weight into dry weight, calculating the dry weight of the fresh green manure crop plant by using 85% of water content, and then calculating the total dry weight a of the fresh green manure crop plant on the field according to the total number of the fresh green manure crop plants on the field;
s2: harvesting fresh green manure crop plants in the field, and uniformly paving the harvested fresh green manure crop plants on the surface of the field for later use;
s3: calculating the weight of the biochar required to be added according to the total dry weight a of the field fresh green manure crop plants in the step S1, and weighing the biochar for later use;
s4: and (4) uniformly spraying the biochar weighed in the step S3 on the fresh green manure crop plants treated in the step S2, and ploughing the fresh green manure crop plants and the biochar into soil.
Further, the fresh green manure crop plants from step S2 are allowed to air dry to an air-dried green manure prior to use of the fresh green manure crop plants after the treatment of step S2.
Further, the green manure crop plants in the step S2 are cut to a length of 2-3 cm.
Further, the weight ratio of the dry weight of the green manure crop plants to the biochar in step S3 is 1: 1-2: 1.
further, the plowing depth in the step S4 is 10-20 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can improve the decomposition rate of the yellow soil dry land green manure, is suitable for popularization and use in southwest karst mountainous regions, and provides a new method and thought for reasonable utilization of the green manure in the Guizhou yellow soil dry land and scientific management of farmland nutrients.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating decay of a sample taken 5 days after embedding a bag in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating decay of a sample 20 days after embedding a bag in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating decay of a sample 35 days after embedding a bag in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating decay of a sample taken 60 days after embedding a bag in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating decay of a sample 90 days after embedding a bag in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating the decay of a 120-day sample after embedding in a bag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1:
a method for improving the decomposition rate of yellow soil dry land green manure crops comprises the following steps:
s1: cutting any one fresh green manure crop plant on a field, weighing the fresh weight of the fresh green manure crop plant, converting the fresh weight into dry weight, calculating the dry weight of the fresh green manure crop plant by using 85% of water content, and then calculating the total dry weight a of the fresh green manure crop plant on the field according to the total number of the fresh green manure crop plants on the field;
s2: harvesting fresh green manure crop plants in the field, cutting the green manure crop plants to a length of 2-3cm, and uniformly spreading the cut and cut fresh green manure crop broken stems on the surface of the field for later use;
s3: and (4) calculating the weight of the biochar required to be added according to the total dry weight a of the field fresh green manure crop plants in the step S1, and weighing the biochar for later use, wherein the weight ratio of the dry weight of the green manure crop plants to the biochar is 1: 1-2: 1;
s4: and (4) uniformly spraying the biochar weighed in the step (S3) on the fresh green manure crop plants treated in the step (S2), and ploughing the fresh green manure crop plants and the biochar into soil, wherein the ploughing depth is 10-20 cm.
Example 2:
a method for improving the decomposition rate of yellow soil dry land green manure crops comprises the following steps:
s1: cutting any one fresh green manure crop plant on a field, weighing the fresh weight of the fresh green manure crop plant, converting the fresh weight into dry weight, calculating the dry weight of the fresh green manure crop plant by using 85% of water content, and then calculating the total dry weight a of the fresh green manure crop plant on the field according to the total number of the fresh green manure crop plants on the field;
s2: harvesting fresh green manure crop plants in the field, cutting the green manure crop plants to a length of 2-3cm, uniformly paving the cut and cut fresh green manure crop broken stems on the surface of the field, and naturally airing the fresh green manure crop broken stems into air-dried green manure for later use;
s3: and (4) calculating the weight of the biochar required to be added according to the total dry weight a of the field fresh green manure crop plants in the step S1, and weighing the biochar for later use, wherein the weight ratio of the dry weight of the green manure crop plants to the biochar is 1: 1-2: 1;
s4: and (5) uniformly spraying the biochar weighed in the step (S3) on the air-dried green manure treated in the step (S2), and ploughing the air-dried green manure and the biochar into soil to a depth of 10-20 cm.
This example performs a relevant test in order to verify the effectiveness of the method of the invention.
The test is carried out in 26 days 4 and 4 months 2019 in Guiyang City of Guizhou province, and the test process is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing A, B, C, D four groups of fresh green manure crop plants, wherein the dry weight of each group of fresh green manure crop plants is 30g, each group of fresh green manure crop plants is cut into 2-3 cm-long broken stems, carrying out natural airing treatment on the broken stems of the fresh green manure crop plants in the groups C and D, respectively filling the broken stems of the fresh green manure crop in the group A and the broken stems of the air-dried green manure crop plants in the groups C into different 200-mesh nylon mesh bags, respectively adding 15-30 g of biochar into the broken stems of the fresh green manure crop plants in the group B and the broken stems of the air-dried green manure crop plants in the group D, uniformly mixing, and respectively filling into different 200-mesh nylon mesh bags; sealing the 200-mesh nylon mesh bags filled with the materials by using a sealing machine, burying the bags in an open-air test field by adopting a method of simulating green manure crops to turn over and return to the field, wherein weather, rainfall and the like are all actual weather so as to reduce interference of human factors, the burying depth of the 200-mesh nylon mesh bags is unified to 10cm, the 0 th, 5 th, 10 th, 15 th, 20 th, 25 th, 30 th, 35 th, 40 th, 50 th, 60 th, 70 th, 80 th, 90 th, 100 th, 110 th, 120 th, 130 th and 140 th days after burying the bags are sampled, 4 bags are sampled each time, surface floating soil and root impurities are removed after sampling each time, the mesh bags are disassembled and cleaned, and the dry weight is measured after drying for 24 hours in a 65 ℃ oven, the sample decay condition diagrams of 5 days, 20 days, 35 days, 60 days, 90 days and 120 days after burying the bags are given in the embodiment, and the attached drawings are shown in figures 1 to 6, wherein A represents a fresh green manure crop group added with biochar, c represents the air-dried green manure crop group, and D represents the air-dried green manure crop group added with biochar.
The results of the measurements are shown in the following table:
decay rates of green manure crops for different treatment groups
As can be seen from the table, the decomposition rates of the green manure crops of the combination group of air-dried green manure crop stalks and biochar of group D and the combination group of fresh green manure crop stalks and biochar of group B were both close to 100% at 140 days, with the decomposition rates of the green manure crops of the combination group of air-dried green manure crop stalks and biochar of group D being faster than the latter, while the decomposition rates of the fresh green manure crops were the slowest.
Therefore, the method can improve the decomposition rate of the yellow soil dry land green manure, is suitable for popularization and application in southwest karst mountainous regions, and provides a new method and thought for reasonable utilization of the green manure in the yellow soil dry land of Guizhou and scientific management of farmland nutrients.
The above is an embodiment of the present invention. The embodiments and specific parameters in the embodiments are only for the purpose of clearly illustrating the verification process of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the specification and the drawings of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for improving the decomposition rate of yellow soil dry land green manure crops is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: cutting any one fresh green manure crop plant on a field, weighing the fresh weight of the fresh green manure crop plant, converting the fresh weight into dry weight, calculating the dry weight of the fresh green manure crop plant by using 85% of water content, and then calculating the total dry weight a of the fresh green manure crop plant on the field according to the total number of the fresh green manure crop plants on the field;
s2: harvesting fresh green manure crop plants in the field, and uniformly paving the harvested fresh green manure crop plants on the surface of the field for later use;
s3: calculating the weight of the biochar required to be added according to the total dry weight a of the field fresh green manure crop plants in the step S1, and weighing the biochar for later use;
s4: and (4) uniformly spraying the biochar weighed in the step S3 on the fresh green manure crop plants treated in the step S2, and ploughing the fresh green manure crop plants and the biochar into soil.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fresh green manure crop plants from step S2 are allowed to air dry to produce an air-dried green manure prior to using the fresh green manure crop plants after the treatment of step S2.
3. The method for increasing the decomposition rate of yellow soil dry land green manure crops as claimed in claim 1, wherein the green manure crop plants in the step S2 are cut to a length of 2-3 cm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of dry weight of green manure crop plants to biochar in step S3 is 1: 1-2: 1.
5. the method for improving the decomposition rate of the yellow soil dry land green manure crop as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plowing depth in the step S4 is 10-20 cm.
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Application publication date: 20200327 |