CN110896841A - Novel method for wheat water culture buds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a new method for wheat water culture buds, which comprises the steps of disinfecting, cleaning and soaking selected high-quality seeds, sowing, taking water-soaked wood pulp paper as a bud culture substrate in a special and disinfected seedling culture tray, and carrying out water culture on buds under the conditions of constant temperature and constant humidity of 23-25 ℃ and relative humidity of 80-90%, wherein the buds can emerge only within about 12-16 hours, and the average germination rate is up to more than 95%.

Description

Novel method for wheat water culture buds

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sprout cultivation, in particular to a novel method for cultivating sprouts by wheat water.

Background

Wheat is an essential nutrient for human life activities, and is found in the research process: the wheat sprouts can radiate biological signals required by human bodies and can provide information nutrition for the human bodies.

At present, most wheat sprouts are bred by soil, and the problems of low germination rate, long period, complex sprout breeding operation, need of sterilization and disinfection of soil, high cost and the like exist.

Therefore, how to develop a novel bud breeding method to solve the above problems is a problem to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a novel wheat water bud cultivation method, which at least solves the problems of low bud ratio, long period, complex bud cultivation operation, high cost and the like existing in the conventional soil bud cultivation.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is specifically a novel method for cultivating buds by wheat water, which comprises the following steps:

seed selection: selecting completely mature fresh seeds for later use;

and (3) disinfection: diluting the disinfectant into a seed soaking vessel according to the proportion of 1ml and 2L of water, uniformly stirring, and soaking the wheat seeds for 20-30 minutes;

seed washing: cleaning the disinfected seeds with clear water;

seed soaking: soaking the cleaned seeds in warm water at the temperature of 40-50 ℃ for 4-6 hours;

sowing: spreading wood pulp paper on the bottom of a seedling tray, watering with water, uniformly sowing the soaked seeds on the wood pulp paper in the seedling tray, and uniformly spraying clear water;

water culture of buds: and (3) placing the sowed seedling raising plate under the conditions of constant temperature and constant humidity with the temperature of 23-25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 80-90% to perform water culture of buds.

Preferably, in the step of soaking seeds, the amount of warm water for soaking the seeds is such that the seeds are completely submerged.

Preferably, in the sowing step, the seedling tray consists of an upper plastic tray 1 and a lower plastic tray 2;

a plurality of water leakage holes 11 are uniformly formed in the bottom surface of the upper plastic plate 1, and the wood pulp paper is fully paved on the bottom surface of the upper plastic plate;

the lower plastic tray 2 is located below the upper plastic tray 1, the area of the lower plastic tray 2 is larger than that of the upper plastic tray 1, and the side surfaces of the periphery of the lower plastic tray 2 are provided with ventilation holes 21.

Preferably, the water leakage holes are square holes or circular holes, and the area of the water leakage holesIs 9-25 mm²。

Further preferably, the size of the vent hole 21 is 8 × 100 mm.

Preferably, the distance between the lower plastic tray 2 and the upper plastic tray 1 is 10-20 mm.

Further preferably, in the sowing step, the sowing distance between the seeds is half to 1 seed.

Preferably, in the step of water culture and bud cultivation, water is uniformly sprayed every 2 hours.

Further preferably, in the step of disinfection, the disinfectant is potassium permanganate;

or potassium permanganate and stock solution are mixed, and the volume ratio of the potassium permanganate to the stock solution is 1: 2.

According to the novel method for cultivating the buds of the wheat in the water, the selected high-quality seeds are cleaned, disinfected, cleaned and soaked, then the seeds are sowed, the water-soaked wood pulp paper is used as a bud cultivating substrate, the buds are cultivated in the water under the conditions of constant temperature and constant humidity, wherein the temperature is 23-25 ℃, and the relative humidity is 80% -90%, the buds can be germinated in about 12-16 hours, and the novel method has the advantages of high germination speed, short period, simplicity in operation and the like.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a seedling tray used in a new wheat water-cultured bud breeding method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following specific embodiments, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In order to solve the problems of long sprouting period, strict soil requirement, complex sprouting operation and the like existing in the prior method for sprouting by adopting soil, the embodiment provides a novel method for sprouting by wheat water, and the sprouting method comprises the following steps:

seed selection: selecting fully mature fresh seeds for later use to improve the germination rate, wherein wheat seeds with uniform and full grains, bright color, no broken petals, no insect pests, no mildew and no silk are selected in the seed selection;

and (3) disinfection: diluting the potassium permanganate disinfection solution into a seed soaking vessel according to the proportion of adding 2L of water into 1ml, uniformly stirring, and soaking for 20-30 minutes;

seed washing: cleaning the fresh seeds for later use with clear water, wherein the fresh seeds are usually required until the water used for cleaning the seeds is clear water;

seed soaking: soaking the cleaned seeds in warm water at the temperature of 40-50 ℃ for 4-6 hours;

sowing: spreading wood pulp paper on the bottom of a seedling tray, watering with water, uniformly sowing the soaked seeds on the wood pulp paper in the seedling tray, and uniformly spraying clear water;

water culture of buds: and (3) placing the sowed seedling raising plate under constant temperature and constant humidity conditions with the temperature of 23-25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 80-90% to perform water bud cultivation.

Wherein, in the seed soaking step, the amount of warm water for soaking the seeds is suitable for submerging all the seeds.

In the disinfection step, the selected disinfection solution can be potassium permanganate, or potassium permanganate and the stock solution according to the volume ratio of 1:2, mixing the components. Potassium permanganate is easy to dissolve in water, and is a vegetable bactericide which is used as both fertilizer and pesticide, has no toxicity, residue and public nuisance, and its solution possesses the functions of sterilization, disinfection and anticorrosion, and can release nascent oxygen and kill bacteria when it meets organic matter, and its bactericidal power is strong, but because potassium permanganate is strong oxidant, the seeds can be soaked in potassium permanganate solution, and then washed clean by clear water, and can be used for germination-accelerating and sowing. The wheat seeds soaked by the potassium permanganate solution can prevent and treat various diseases.

The seed soaking step not only promotes early germination of the seeds, but also kills some eggs and viruses. Different seed soaking requirements are different, and the optimal seed soaking scheme of the wheat seeds is as follows: the seeds are soaked in warm water of 40-50 ℃ for 10-15 minutes, then the water temperature is reduced to about 44 ℃, and the seeds are continuously soaked for 2-6 hours, so that the seeds are soaked, the purpose of the seed soaking is to enable the seeds to absorb water quickly, and the water content capable of normally sprouting is achieved. The water content of the dried seeds is usually below 15%, the physiological activity is very weak, and the seeds are in a dormant state. After the seeds absorb water, the seed coats swell and soften, oxygen dissolved in the water enters cells along with the water, and enzymes in the seeds start to be activated. The respiration of the embryo is enhanced by the action of the enzyme, and the insoluble matter stored in the endosperm is gradually converted into soluble matter and transported to the embryo part along with the water. The embryo obtains water, energy and nutrient substances, and under the condition of proper temperature and oxygen, the cell begins to divide and elongate, and breaks through the glume (germination). It can be seen that to germinate a seed, it must first be allowed to soak up. However, the seeds do not have water to germinate, and at least 15-18% of their own weight must be absorbed to start germination, and 40% of their own weight must be absorbed to normally germinate.

In the seeding step, refer to fig. 1, educate seedling tray and constitute by upper plastics 1 and lower floor's plastics tray 2, the bottom surface of upper plastics dish 1 evenly is provided with a plurality of holes 11 that leak, the wood pulp paper that the water logging is wet has been laid to the bottom surface of upper plastics dish 1, lower floor's plastics dish 2 sets up in the below of upper plastics dish 1, the area of lower floor's plastics dish 2 is greater than the area of upper plastics dish 1, and the distance between the up end of lower floor's plastics dish 2 and the 1 bottom surface of upper plastics dish is 10 ~ 20mm, in order to help the improvement of gas permeability, wherein, in the seedling tray that adopts in the experiment, the size of upper plastics dish 1 is: 24cm by 32cm by 3.3 cm; the size of the lower layer plastic 2 is 25cm 33cm 4.5cm, the seedling tray takes wood pulp paper as a substrate for raising the buds, wherein the wood pulp paper has good wet strength, corrosion resistance, air permeability, water permeability and lateral root penetrability, is beneficial to the growth of crops, can prolong the growth period of the crops, and has the effects of preventing wind, freezing and high-temperature seedling burning, preventing plant diseases and insect pests in the seedling stage, has high-strength stress resistance, improves the seedling protection rate and the like, effectively controls the optimal requirements of the seedlings on temperature, moisture, illumination, nutrients and air in the growth and development process, improves the quality of the buds, saves fertilizer and water, saves manual operation, saves labor and cost, is convenient, saves time and is easy to operate.

In the sowing step, the sowing distance among the seeds is half to 1 seed, and the seeds are not overlapped.

In the step of water culture and bud cultivation, water is preferably sprayed every 2 hours to ensure the humidity requirement.

The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1

The wheat water bud cultivation method comprises the following steps of:

seed selection: selecting completely mature fresh seeds for later use;

and (3) disinfection: diluting the potassium permanganate disinfection solution into a seed soaking vessel according to the proportion of adding 2L of water into 1ml, uniformly stirring, and soaking the wheat seeds for 20-30 minutes;

seed washing: cleaning the disinfected seeds with clear water;

seed soaking: soaking the cleaned seeds in warm water at the temperature of 40-50 ℃ for 4-6 hours;

sowing: after the wood pulp paper is paved at the bottom of the seedling tray, watering with water, and uniformly sowing the soaked seeds on the wood pulp paper in the seedling tray;

water culture of buds: and (3) placing the sowed sowing vessel under the constant-temperature and constant-humidity conditions that the temperature is 23-25 ℃ and the relative humidity is 80-90%, carrying out water cultivation on buds, wherein buds can be obtained within 12-16 hours, and the bud rate is more than 95%.

Here, the seedling raising tray used is the seedling raising tray shown in fig. 1 in the above embodiment, and a repetitive description will not be made here.

Comparative example 1

The traditional wheat seeding method adopts single-strip or double-strip mechanical seeding of 7.5cm, 15cm or 30 cm. And (5) covering soil 3cm after deep sowing and compacting. The density of sowing is determined according to variety, topography and crops for rotation. Generally, 500-600 million seedlings are protected from high-quality wheat hectare. The sowing amount is calculated according to the number of seedlings per hectare, the thousand seed weight, the germination rate, the cleaning rate and the field seedling protection rate (80% -85%). The sowing quality is realized by sowing without re-sowing or leaking, consistent depth, tight covering soil and timely pressing after sowing. Budding in about 7 days, difficult guarantee of budding rate, long period and high cost.

Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.

It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. A new method for cultivating buds of wheat in water is characterized by comprising the following steps:

seed selection: selecting completely mature fresh seeds for later use;

and (3) disinfection: diluting the disinfectant into a seed soaking vessel according to the proportion of 1ml and 2L of water, uniformly stirring, and soaking the wheat seeds for 20-30 minutes;

seed washing: cleaning the disinfected seeds with clear water;

seed soaking: soaking the cleaned seeds in warm water at the temperature of 40-50 ℃ for 4-6 hours;

sowing: spreading wood pulp paper on the bottom of a seedling tray, watering with water, uniformly sowing the soaked seeds on the wood pulp paper in the seedling tray, and uniformly spraying clear water;

water culture of buds: and (3) placing the sowed seedling raising plate under the conditions of constant temperature and constant humidity with the temperature of 23-25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 80-90% to perform water culture of buds.

2. The method for hydroponically growing shoots of wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seed soaking step is performed by soaking the seeds in an amount of warm water so as to submerge the seeds entirely.

3. The new method for wheat water culture sprout as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, in the seeding step, the seedling raising tray is composed of an upper plastic tray (1) and a lower plastic tray (2);

a plurality of water leakage holes (11) are uniformly formed in the bottom surface of the upper plastic plate (1), and the wood pulp paper is fully paved on the bottom surface of the upper plastic plate;

lower floor's plastics tray (2) are located the below of upper plastic tray (1), the area of lower floor's plastics tray (2) is greater than the area of upper plastic tray (1), just the side all around of lower floor's plastics tray (2) all is provided with ventilation hole (21).

4. The new wheat water-culturing sprout cultivation method according to claim 3, wherein the water leakage holes are square holes or circular holes, and the area of the water leakage holes is 9-25 mm²。

5. A new method of wheat hydroponics sprout according to claim 3, characterized in that the size of the ventilation holes (21) is 8 x 100 mm.

6. The new wheat water-cultured sprout cultivation method according to claim 3, wherein the distance between the lower plastic tray (2) and the upper plastic tray (1) is 10-20 mm.

7. The method for water-culturing shoots of wheat according to claim 1, wherein the seeding step is carried out with a seeding interval of half to 1 seed.

8. The method for cultivating malt in wheat water according to claim 1, wherein water is uniformly sprayed every 2 hours in the step of cultivating malt in water culture.

9. The method for water-culturing malt of wheat according to claim 1, wherein in the step of sterilizing, the sterilizing solution is potassium permanganate;

or potassium permanganate and stock solution are mixed, and the volume ratio of the potassium permanganate to the stock solution is 1: 2.

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