CN110890428A - 氧半导体场效晶体管及其形成方法 - Google Patents

氧半导体场效晶体管及其形成方法 Download PDF

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CN110890428A
CN110890428A CN201811041792.1A CN201811041792A CN110890428A CN 110890428 A CN110890428 A CN 110890428A CN 201811041792 A CN201811041792 A CN 201811041792A CN 110890428 A CN110890428 A CN 110890428A
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layer
field effect
insulating layer
effect transistor
oxygen semiconductor
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CN110890428B (zh
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赖建铭
陈彦臻
黄仁柏
黄圣尧
陈慧玲
邢庆刚
陈鼎龙
丁莉莉
刘耀鸿
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United Microelectronics Corp
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Priority to US16/154,644 priority patent/US11088285B2/en
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Priority to US17/140,114 priority patent/US11342465B2/en
Priority to US17/367,637 priority patent/US11631771B2/en
Priority to US18/103,505 priority patent/US20230178657A1/en
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Abstract

本发明公开一种氧半导体场效晶体管,包含有一第一绝缘层、一源极、一漏极、一U形通道层以及一金属栅极。第一绝缘层设置于一基底上。源极以及漏极设置于第一绝缘层中。U形通道层夹置于源极以及漏极之间。金属栅极设置于U形通道层上,其中U形通道层包含至少一氧半导体层。本发明更提供一种形成此氧半导体场效晶体管的方法。

Description

氧半导体场效晶体管及其形成方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种氧半导体场效晶体管及其形成方法,且特别是涉及一种具有U形通道层的氧半导体场效晶体管及其形成方法。
背景技术
在集成电路中及液晶显示装置中常见使用非晶硅、多晶硅等来形成晶体管,其位于具有绝缘表面的基底或者玻璃基底上。使用非晶硅制造的晶体管较容易形成在较大的玻璃基底上。然而,使用非晶硅制造的晶体管具有低场效迁移率的缺点。虽然使用多晶硅制造的晶体管具有高场效迁移率,但是其具有不适合于较大玻璃基底的缺点。
与具有上述缺点的使用硅制造的晶体管相比,使用氧化物半导体来制造晶体管的技术已受到注目,并将此晶体管应用于电子设备或光学装置。例如,使用包含铟(In)、锌(Zn)、镓(Ga)、锡(Sn)等的氧化物作为氧化物半导体来制造晶体管或者用作显示装置的像素中的开关元件等。
发明内容
本发明提出一种氧半导体场效晶体管及其形成方法,其仅在源极以及漏极之间形成U形通道层而不再另外形成其他通道层,因而能简化制作工艺,并改善背电极的可靠度及对于通道层与临界电压的调变能力。
本发明提供一种氧半导体场效晶体管,包含有一第一绝缘层、一源极、一漏极、一U形通道层以及一金属栅极。第一绝缘层设置于一基底上。源极以及漏极设置于第一绝缘层中。U形通道层夹置于源极以及漏极之间。金属栅极设置于U形通道层上,其中U形通道层包含至少一氧半导体层。
本发明提供一种形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法包含有下述步骤。首先,形成一背电极于一绝缘层中。接着,形成一背电极绝缘层于绝缘层上。接续,形成一源/漏极层于背电极绝缘层上。续之,形成一第一绝缘层覆盖源/漏极层以及背电极绝缘层。之后,图案化第一绝缘层以及源/漏极层,因而形成一源极以及一漏极,以及一凹槽位于第一绝缘层中,凹槽分隔源极以及漏极,并暴露出背电极绝缘层。而后,形成一U形通道层以及一金属栅极于凹槽中,其中U形通道层包含至少一氧半导体层。
基于上述,本发明提出一种氧半导体场效晶体管及其形成方法,其直接形成一源极以及一漏极于背电极绝缘层上,且形成包含至少一氧半导体层的一U形通道层夹置于源极以及漏极之间,一金属栅极则形成于U形通道层上。本发明不再另外形成其他通道层,如此可简化结构、限制仅有U形通道层为载流子来源,进而增进背电极的可靠度及对于通道层的控制能力,使背电极调变临界电压更有效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明优选实施例中形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法的剖面示意图;
图2为本发明优选实施例中形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法的剖面示意图;
图3为本发明优选实施例中形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法的剖面示意图及俯视图;
图4为本发明优选实施例中形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法的剖面示意图;
图5为本发明优选实施例中形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法的剖面示意图;
图6为本发明优选实施例中形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法的剖面示意图;
图7为本发明优选实施例中形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法的剖面示意图;
图8为本发明另一优选实施例中形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法的剖面示意图;
图9为本发明另一优选实施例中形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法的剖面示意图;
图10为本发明另一优选实施例中形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法的剖面示意图。
主要元件符号说明
100:氧半导体场效晶体管
110:基底
120:绝缘层
122:背电极
124:背电极通孔
130:背电极绝缘层
140a、140b:源/漏极层
142、242:源极
144、244:漏极
152、152’、252:盖层
154、154’、254:第一绝缘层
162:U形通道层
162’、262:通道层
164、264:金属栅极
164’:金属栅极层
164a、164a’、264a:栅极氧化层
164ab:复合层
164b、164b’、264b:金属层
164c、164c’、264c:低电阻率金属
270:栅极盖层
R、R1:凹槽
T1、T2、T3、T4:顶面
具体实施方式
图1-图2、图4-图7绘示本发明优选实施例中形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法的剖面示意图。图3绘示本发明优选实施例中形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法的剖面示意图及俯视图。如图1所示,提供一基底110。基底110例如是一硅基底、一含硅基底(例如SiC)、一三五族基底(例如GaN)、一三五族覆硅基底(例如GaN-on-silicon)、一石墨烯覆硅基底(graphene-on-silicon)、一硅覆绝缘(silicon-on-insulator,SOI)基底或一含外延层的基底等半导体基底。形成一绝缘层120于基底110上。绝缘层120可例如为一层间介电层,其可例如为一氧化层,但本发明不以此为限。
接着,形成一背电极122于绝缘层120中。背电极122可例如包含一阻障层(未绘示)、一晶种层(未绘示)以及一导电材料(未绘示)。形成背电极122的方法可例如先形成一凹槽(未绘示)于绝缘层120中,一阻障层(未绘示)以及一晶种层(未绘示)顺应覆盖凹槽,再以一导电材料(未绘示)填满凹槽,之后移除(或者平坦化)凹槽外的导电材料、晶种层以及阻障层至暴露出绝缘层120,因而形成背电极122。阻障层可包含钽(tantalum,Ta)、钛(titanium,Ti)、氮化钽(tantalum nitride,TaN)、氮化钛(titanium nitride,TiN)、氮化钨(tungsten nitride,WN)或此些材料的组合。晶种层的材料较佳与导电材料相同,其可包含铝(aluminum,Al)、钛(titanium,Ti)、钽(tantalum,Ta)、钨(tungsten,W)、铜(copper,Cu)、钼(molybdenum,Mo)、铌(niobium,Nb)等。另外,背电极122又可例如接触下方的一背电极通孔124以连接其他元件,其中背电极122及背电极通孔124可例如以双镶嵌制作工艺形成,但本发明不以此为限。接着,形成一背电极绝缘层130于绝缘层120上。背电极绝缘层130可例如为一氧化层,但本发明不以此为限。
如图2所示,形成一源/漏极层140a于背电极绝缘层130上。源/漏极层140a的材料可包含铝(aluminum,Al)、铬(chromium,Cr)、铜(copper,Cu)、钽(tantalum,Ta)、钛(titanium,Ti)、钨(tungsten,W)等金属或此些金属的合金,但本发明不限于此。接着,如图3所示,图案化源/漏极层140a以定义欲形成一氧半导体场效晶体管的图案,因而形成一源/漏极层140b,其中图3的a部分绘示本发明优选实施例中形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法的剖面示意图,而图3的b部分绘示本发明优选实施例中形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法的俯视图。例如,图3的b部分的源/漏极层140b的俯视图案可为两端宽中间窄的哑铃形,但本发明不以此为限。在此强调,如图3的a部分所示,本发明直接将源/漏极层140b形成于背电极绝缘层130上,而源/漏极层140b及背电极绝缘层130之间不再形成其他材料层,特别是不再形成氧半导体层等通道层,因而本发明可简化制作工艺、并增进背电极的稳定性及调变能力。
如图4所示,选择性形成一盖层152’顺应覆盖源/漏极层140b以及背电极绝缘层130,再形成一第一绝缘层154’覆盖源/漏极层140b以及背电极绝缘层130(覆盖盖层152’)。盖层152’可例如为一氮化层,而第一绝缘层154’可例如为一氧化层,但本发明不限于此。
接续,图案化第一绝缘层154’以及源/漏极层140b,因而形成一源极142以及一漏极144,以及一凹槽R位于一盖层152以及一第一绝缘层154中,其中凹槽R分隔源极142以及漏极144,并直接暴露出背电极绝缘层130,如图5所示。
如图6所示,依序形成一通道层162’顺应覆盖凹槽R以及第一绝缘层154,以及形成一金属栅极层164’顺应覆盖于通道层162’上。本发明的通道层162’必然包含至少一氧半导体层。在一实施例中,通道层162’可例如包含多个氧半导体层,而此些氧半导体层可具有不同材料或者应用不同制作工艺或者额外制作工艺形成。例如,在本实施例中,通道层162’为三层具有不同材料的氧半导体层,以作为载流子来源,其中上层的氧半导体层可经由氧化下层的氧半导体层而形成,但本发明不限于此。氧半导体层的材料可例如为氧化铟镓锌(indium gallium zinc oxide,IGZO)、氧化铟镓(indium gallium oxide,IGO)、氧化铟铝锌(indium alluminum zinc oxide,IAlZO)、氧化铟镓铝锌(indium gallium alluminumzinc oxide,IGAlZO)、氧化铟锌(indium zinc oxide,IZO)、氧化铟锌锡(indium tin zincoxide,IZTO)、氧化铟锌锡铝(indium tin alluminum zinc oxide,IZTAlO)、氧化铟锌铪铝(indium hafnium alluminum zinc oxide,IZHfAlO)、氧化锌锡(zinc tin oxide,ZTO)等,但本发明不以此为限。金属栅极层164’则可包含一栅极氧化层164a’、一金属层164b’以及一低电阻率金属164c’,其中栅极氧化层164a’可例如包含氧化硅;金属层164b’可例如为单层结构或复合层结构,其可包含氮化钛(titanium nitride,TiN)、碳化钛(titaniumcarbide,TiC)、氮化钽(tantalum nitride,TaN)、碳化钽(tantalum carbide,TaC)、碳化钨(tungsten carbide,WC)、铝化钛(titanium aluminide,TiAl)或氮化铝钛(aluminumtitanium nitride,TiAlN);低电阻率金属164c’可包含铝(aluminum,Al)、钛(titanium,Ti)、钽(tantalum,Ta)、钨(tungsten,W)、铜(copper,Cu)、钼(molybdenum,Mo)、铌(niobium,Nb)等金属。在本实施例中,栅极氧化层164a’为一氧化硅层,而金属层164b’为一氮化钛层,但本发明不以此为限。
而后,移除超出凹槽R的金属栅极层164’以及通道层162’,因而形成一U形通道层162以及一金属栅极164,而金属栅极164包含一栅极氧化层164a、一金属层164b以及一低电阻率金属164c,如图7所示。由于本发明先形成源/漏极层140b、盖层152’以及第一绝缘层154’,再图案化第一绝缘层154’、盖层152’以及源/漏极层140b而形成源极142以及漏极144并形成凹槽R于盖层152以及第一绝缘层154中,最后才填入U形通道层162以及金属栅极164,因此本发明的栅极氧化层164a以及金属层164b也具有U形剖面结构,且U形通道层162以及金属栅极164夹置于源极142以及漏极144之间。
再者,U形通道层162的一顶面T1高于源极142以及漏极144的顶面T2;金属栅极164的一顶面T3高于源极142以及漏极144的顶面T2;U形通道层162的顶面T1与第一绝缘层154的一顶面T4共平面。在一优选实施例中,本发明的一氧半导体场效晶体管100的背栅极122设置于U形通道层162正下方,且全部的U形通道层162垂直重叠背栅极122;在一更佳的实施例中,背栅极122突出于U形通道层162,因而能增进背电极122的稳定性及对于U形通道层162的调变能力。
承上,由于源极142以及漏极144直接位于背电极绝缘层130上,而U形通道层162夹置于源极142以及漏极144之间,且源极142/漏极144与背电极绝缘层130之间不再形成例如氧半导体层等通道层,因而本发明可简化氧半导体场效晶体管100的结构、限制载流子来源仅有U形通道层162,进而能增进背电极的可靠度及对于U形通道层162的控制能力,使背电极调变临界电压等更有效率。更进一步而言,当例如图6的栅极氧化层164a’为一氧化硅层,而金属层164b’为一氮化钛层时、栅极氧化层164a以及金属层164b之间可形成一复合层164ab,俾能降低临界电压,如图8所示。
另外,本发明再提出一实施例,其先形成通道层才全面覆盖第一绝缘层。图9-图10绘示本发明另一优选实施例中形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法的剖面示意图。如图9所示,在如图3所示图案化源/漏极层140a以定义欲形成一氧半导体场效晶体管的图案,因而形成源/漏极层140b之后,改为先选择性形成一盖层(未绘示)顺应覆盖源/漏极层140b以及背电极绝缘层130,并图案化盖层以及源/漏极层140b,因而形成一盖层252覆盖一源极242以及一漏极244,以及一凹槽R1分隔源极242以及漏极244,并直接暴露出背电极绝缘层130。盖层252可例如为一氮化层,但本发明不限于此。
接着,如图10所示,可依序形成一通道层(未绘示)、一栅极氧化层(未绘示)、一金属层(未绘示)以及一低电阻率金属(未绘示)顺应覆盖背电极绝缘层130、源极242、漏极244以及凹槽R1;图案化低电阻率金属(未绘示)以及金属层(未绘示);顺应覆盖一栅极盖层(未绘示);再一并图案化栅极盖层(未绘示)、栅极氧化层(未绘示)以及通道层(未绘示),而形成一通道层262、一金属栅极264以及一栅极盖层270。本发明的通道层262必然包含至少一氧半导体层。在一实施例中,通道层262可例如包含多个氧半导体层,而此些氧半导体层可具有不同材料或者应用不同制作工艺或者额外制作工艺形成。例如,在本实施例中,通道层262为三层具有不同材料的氧半导体层,以作为载流子来源,其中上层的氧半导体层可经由氧化下层的氧半导体层而形成,但本发明不限于此。氧半导体层的材料可例如为氧化铟镓锌(indium gallium zinc oxide,IGZO)、氧化铟镓(indium gallium oxide,IGO)、氧化铟铝锌(indium alluminum zinc oxide,IAlZO)、氧化铟镓铝锌(indium gallium alluminumzinc oxide,IGAlZO)、氧化铟锌(indium zinc oxide,IZO)、氧化铟锌锡(indium tin zincoxide,IZTO)、氧化铟锌锡铝(indium tin alluminum zinc oxide,IZTAlO)、氧化铟锌铪铝(indium hafnium alluminum zinc oxide,IZHfAlO)、氧化锌锡(zinc tin oxide,ZTO)等,但本发明不以此为限。金属栅极264则可包含一栅极氧化层264a、一金属层264b以及一低电阻率金属264c,其中栅极氧化层264a可例如包含氧化硅;金属层264b可例如为单层结构或复合层结构,其可包含氮化钛(titanium nitride,TiN)、碳化钛(titanium carbide,TiC)、氮化钽(tantalum nitride,TaN)、碳化钽(tantalum carbide,TaC)、碳化钨(tungstencarbide,WC)、铝化钛(titanium aluminide,TiAl)或氮化铝钛(aluminum titaniumnitride,TiAlN);低电阻率金属264c可包含铝(aluminum,Al)、钛(titanium,Ti)、钽(tantalum,Ta)、钨(tungsten,W)、铜(copper,Cu)、钼(molybdenum,Mo)、铌(niobium,Nb)等金属。栅极盖层270可例如为一氮化层。之后,才全面覆盖并平坦化形成一第一绝缘层254。第一绝缘层254可例如为一氧化层,但本发明不以此为限。本实施例较先前的实施例则具有不同剖面结构的通道层262以及金属栅极264,视实际需要而定。
综上所述,本发明提出一种氧半导体场效晶体管及其形成方法,其直接形成一源极以及一漏极于背电极绝缘层上,且形成包含至少一氧半导体层的一U形通道层夹置于源极以及漏极之间,一金属栅极则形成于U形通道层上。本发明不再另外形成其他通道层,如此可简化结构、限制仅有U形通道层为载流子来源,进而能改善背电极对于U形通道层的控制能力。特别是,本发明不再形成例如氧半导体层等通道层于源极/漏极与下方的背电极绝缘层之间,因而能增进背电极的稳定性及控制能力,使背电极调变临界电压更有效率。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例,凡依本发明权利要求所做的均等变化与修饰,都应属本发明的涵盖范围。

Claims (20)

1.一种氧半导体场效晶体管,其特征在于,包含有:
第一绝缘层,设置于一基底上;
源极以及一漏极,设置于该第一绝缘层中;
U形通道层,夹置于该源极以及该漏极之间;以及
金属栅极,设置于该U形通道层上,其中该U形通道层包含至少一氧半导体层。
2.如权利要求1所述的氧半导体场效晶体管,其中该金属栅极包含一栅极氧化层、一金属层以及一低电阻率金属。
3.如权利要求2所述的氧半导体场效晶体管,还包含:
复合层,位于该栅极氧化层以及该金属层之间。
4.如权利要求2所述的氧半导体场效晶体管,其中该栅极氧化层以及该金属层具有U形剖面结构。
5.如权利要求1所述的氧半导体场效晶体管,其中该金属栅极的一顶面高于该源极以及该漏极的顶面。
6.如权利要求1所述的氧半导体场效晶体管,其中该U形通道层的一顶面高于该源极以及该漏极的顶面。
7.如权利要求1所述的氧半导体场效晶体管,其中该U形通道层包含多个该氧半导体层。
8.如权利要求1所述的氧半导体场效晶体管,还包含:
绝缘层,设置于该第一绝缘层以及该基底之间。
9.如权利要求8所述的氧半导体场效晶体管,还包含:
背栅极绝缘层,设置于该第一绝缘层以及该绝缘层之间。
10.如权利要求8所述的氧半导体场效晶体管,还包含:
背栅极,设置于该U形通道层正下方以及该绝缘层中。
11.如权利要求10所述的氧半导体场效晶体管,其中全部的该U形通道层垂直重叠该背栅极。
12.如权利要求11所述的氧半导体场效晶体管,其中该背栅极突出于该U形通道层。
13.如权利要求1所述的氧半导体场效晶体管,还包含:
盖层顺,应覆盖该源极以及该漏极,且该第一绝缘层全面覆盖该盖层。
14.一种形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法,包含有:
形成一背电极于一绝缘层中;
形成一背电极绝缘层于该绝缘层上;
形成一源/漏极层于该背电极绝缘层上;
形成一第一绝缘层覆盖该源/漏极层以及该背电极绝缘层;
图案化该第一绝缘层以及该源/漏极层,因而形成一源极以及一漏极,以及一凹槽位于该第一绝缘层中,该凹槽分隔该源极以及该漏极,并暴露出该背电极绝缘层;以及
形成一U形通道层以及一金属栅极于该凹槽中,其中该U形通道层包含至少一氧半导体层。
15.如权利要求14所述的形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法,其中该金属栅极包含一栅极氧化层、一金属层以及一低电阻率金属。
16.如权利要求15所述的形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法,还包含:
复合层,位于该栅极氧化层以及该金属层之间。
17.如权利要求15所述的形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法,其中该栅极氧化层以及该金属层具有U形剖面结构。
18.如权利要求14所述的形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法,其中该U形通道层的一顶面高于该源极以及该漏极的顶面。
19.如权利要求14所述的形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法,其中该U形通道层的一顶面与该第一绝缘层的一顶面共平面。
20.如权利要求14所述的形成氧半导体场效晶体管的方法,其中形成该U形通道层以及该金属栅极于该凹槽中的步骤,包含:
依序形成一通道层顺应覆盖该凹槽以及该第一绝缘层,以及一金属栅极层于该通道层上;以及
移除超出该凹槽的该金属栅极层以及该通道层。
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EP4195273A4 (en) * 2020-08-24 2024-01-31 Changxin Memory Tech Inc SEMICONDUCTOR STRUCTURE AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD
WO2023236359A1 (zh) * 2022-06-10 2023-12-14 中国科学院微电子研究所 一种晶体管器件及存储器

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