CN110877983A - 一种c/c复合材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种c/c复合材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110877983A
CN110877983A CN201911368787.6A CN201911368787A CN110877983A CN 110877983 A CN110877983 A CN 110877983A CN 201911368787 A CN201911368787 A CN 201911368787A CN 110877983 A CN110877983 A CN 110877983A
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composite material
carbon
resin
density
residue
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严科飞
李婷
拓亚亚
赵柯
梁娜
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Inner Mongol Space Flight Hong Gang Machinery Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及复合材料技术领域,具体涉及一种C/C复合材料的制备方法。包括如下步骤:1)将短切碳纤维与高残碳树脂进行混合,通过模压的工艺获得高残碳树脂基复合材料;2)将步骤1)高残碳树脂基复合材料进行830℃‑850℃常压碳化处理,获得低密度C/C复合材料;3)将步骤2)低密度C/C复合材料置于压力浸渍灌内,浸渍高残碳树脂,获得C/C‑高残碳树脂复合材料;4)将获得C/C‑高残碳树脂复合材料进行常压碳化处理,材料密度进一步提高;5)重复步骤3)和4)过程,直至密度达到1.85g/cm3以上。本发明可以降低制备周期和生产成本。

Description

一种C/C复合材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及复合材料技术领域,具体涉及一种C/C复合材料的制备方法。
背景技术
碳/碳复合材料在高温下具有优异的机械性能和热学性能,已被广泛用于航空和航天领域,如火箭发动机喷管喉衬、飞机用刹车盘、磁浮列车滑撬板等。目前制备C/C复合材料的主流工艺方法是将碳纤维预制体经多次等温CVI工艺或多次液相(树脂或沥青)浸渍碳化(PIC)工艺,或是上述两种工艺的复合法。目前制备密度为1.85g/cm3的C/C复合材料约需要4-5个月,制备周期长,导致生产成本高,限制了其在民用方面的应用。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题:
本发明目的是提供一种C/C复合材料的制备方法,降低制备周期和生产成本。
本发明所采取的技术方案:
一种C/C复合材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)将短切碳纤维与高残碳树脂进行混合,通过模压的工艺获得高残碳树脂基复合材料;
2)将步骤1)高残碳树脂基复合材料进行830℃-850℃常压碳化处理,获得低密度C/C复合材料;
3)将步骤2)低密度C/C复合材料置于压力浸渍灌内,浸渍高残碳树脂,获得C/C-高残碳树脂复合材料;
4)将获得C/C-高残碳树脂复合材料进行常压碳化处理,材料密度进一步提高;
5)重复步骤3)和4)过程,直至密度达到1.85g/cm3以上。
进一步地,所述高残碳树脂为呋喃树脂、酚醛树脂或聚芳基乙炔树脂。
进一步地,所述步骤3)中压力浸渍灌浸渍压力为0.5MPa-1.6MPa、加压时间为10-120min。
进一步地,所述步骤3)中C/C复合材料置于压力浸渍灌内浸渍后,升温固化,最终固化温度为170℃-180℃。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明所制备的C/C复合材料制备周期短,生产成本低。
附图说明
图1.C/C复合材料制备流程图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种C/C复合材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)将T300短切碳纤维与硼酚醛树脂进行混合制成预混料,通过模压的工艺获得碳纤维/硼酚醛模压复合材料;
2)然后将碳纤维/硼酚醛模压复合材料进行850℃常压碳化处理,获得低密度C/C复合材料,材料的密度为1.35g/cm3
3)然后将低密度C/C复合材料置于压力浸渍灌内,在1.6MPa、60℃条件下浸渍硼酚醛树脂,浸渍1.5小时后升温固化,最终固化温度为180℃,获得C/C-硼酚醛树脂复合材料;
4)将获得C/C-硼酚醛树脂复合材料进行850℃常压碳化处理,材料密度进一步提高,密度为1.58g/cm3
5)重复步骤3和4过程5次,密度达到1.87g/cm3以上。
实施例2
一种快速低成本制备C/C复合材料的方法,特征在于,包括如下制造过程:
1)将T700短切碳纤维与呋喃树脂进行混合制成预混料,通过模压的工艺获得碳纤维/呋喃模压复合材料;
2)然后将碳纤维/呋喃模压复合材料进行830℃常压碳化处理,获得低密度C/C复合材料,材料的密度为1.42g/cm3
3)然后将低密度C/C复合材料置于压力浸渍灌内,在1.6MPa、70℃条件下浸渍呋喃树脂,浸渍2.0小时后升温固化,最终固化温度为170℃,获得C/C-呋喃树脂复合材料;
4)将获得C/C-呋喃树脂复合材料进行830℃常压碳化处理,材料密度进一步提高,密度为1.65g/cm3
5)重复步骤3和4过程6次,密度达到1.86g/cm3以上。

Claims (4)

1.一种C/C复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
1)将短切碳纤维与高残碳树脂进行混合,通过模压的工艺获得高残碳树脂基复合材料;
2)将步骤1)高残碳树脂基复合材料进行830℃-850℃常压碳化处理,获得低密度C/C复合材料;
3)将步骤2)低密度C/C复合材料置于压力浸渍灌内,浸渍高残碳树脂,获得C/C-高残碳树脂复合材料;
4)将获得C/C-高残碳树脂复合材料进行常压碳化处理,材料密度进一步提高;
5)重复步骤3)和4)过程,直至密度达到1.85g/cm3以上。
2.根据权利要求1所述C/C复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述高残碳树脂为呋喃树脂、酚醛树脂或聚芳基乙炔树脂。
3.根据权利要求1所述C/C复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤3)中压力浸渍灌浸渍压力为0.5MPa-1.6MPa、加压时间为10-120min。
4.根据权利要求1或3所述C/C复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤3)中C/C复合材料置于压力浸渍灌内浸渍后,升温固化,最终固化温度为170℃-180℃。
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Cited By (1)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115385707A (zh) * 2021-05-20 2022-11-25 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 一种高体积分数碳粘结短切碳纤维复合材料的制备方法
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