CN110833715A - 在冷却回路中用作颗粒过滤器的过滤器元件以及带有电化学的能量转换器和冷却回路的装置 - Google Patents

在冷却回路中用作颗粒过滤器的过滤器元件以及带有电化学的能量转换器和冷却回路的装置 Download PDF

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CN110833715A
CN110833715A CN201910754113.3A CN201910754113A CN110833715A CN 110833715 A CN110833715 A CN 110833715A CN 201910754113 A CN201910754113 A CN 201910754113A CN 110833715 A CN110833715 A CN 110833715A
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A.维尔德姆特
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    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于在特别是电化学的能量转换器的冷却回路中用作颗粒过滤器的过滤器元件,该过滤器元件包括带有纵轴线的锥形的格栅支撑结构,其中,过滤器元件在第一轴向端部上具有用于将有待过滤的冷却介质输送到过滤器元件内的输送开口,其中,格栅支撑结构承载过滤器介质,其中,过滤器元件在沿轴向与输送开口对置的区域中具有用于轴向导出和收集颗粒状的脏物的漏斗。过滤器元件在第二轴向端部上构造为闭合的。锥形的格栅支撑结构从第一轴向端部朝着第二轴向端部变细。此外,本发明还涉及一种装置,其具有电化学的能量转换器、特别是燃料电池以及带有过滤器元件的、用于通过冷却剂来冷却电化学的能量转换器的冷却回路。

Description

在冷却回路中用作颗粒过滤器的过滤器元件以及带有电化学 的能量转换器和冷却回路的装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于在电化学的能量转换器的冷却回路中用作颗粒过滤器的过滤器元件和一种带有电化学的能量转换器和冷却回路的装置。特别优选考虑一个燃料电池或多个特别是经堆叠的燃料电池作为电化学的能量转换器。
背景技术
在燃料电池的领域中使用颗粒过滤器来过滤例如由生产和安装引起的包含在冷却介质中的颗粒状的脏物。在此,处在流体内的污物典型地在冷却介质中通过所谓的深度过滤被从流体过滤出来。污物既在介质内也在介质的表面上粘附在处在那里的纤维和结构上并且因此从一定的污物量起减小介质的自由的横截面,从而越少的流动横截面可供体积流量使用并且通过介质的压力损失提高。
已知带有锥形的外周面的用于燃料电池的过滤器元件。DE 101 01 828 B4公开了一种相应的过滤器元件,在该过滤器元件中使用网状或织物状结构的塑料无纺布、棉无纺布或金属材料作为过滤器介质。但已过滤出的颗粒状的污物在此可能渐渐堵塞所述过滤器介质。
发明内容
基于前述现有技术,本发明的任务是提供一种针对高流动速度的过滤器元件,该过滤器元件要求很少的结构空间、具有相比体积流量很低的压力损失并且在被一定的污物量加载后保持这种低的压力损失。
本发明通过提供一种带有权利要求1的特征的过滤器元件和通过这种过滤器元件在一种带有权利要求17的特征的装置中的应用来解决所述任务。
根据本发明的过滤器元件适用于用作电化学的能量转换器的、特别是燃料电池的冷却回路中的颗粒过滤器。冷却回路在此可以是包括电化学的能量转换器的装置的一部分。
过滤器元件包括带有纵轴线A的锥形的格栅支撑结构。如人们已经由名字可知那样,所述格栅支撑结构构造成格栅形并且尤其可以由撑杆(Strebe)构成。所述格栅支撑结构在第一轴向端部上具有用于输送有待过滤的冷却介质到过滤器元件中的输送开口。所述过滤器元件在另一个轴向端部上被构造成闭合的。
由格栅支撑结构承载和优选支撑所述过滤器介质。过滤器介质可以例如从内部,即从格栅支撑结构的内室的一侧起或者从外部布置在格栅支撑结构上。锥形的格栅支撑结构从第一轴向端部朝着第二轴向端部变细。以这种方式方法有利地在将过滤器元件安装到流体系统的、特别是电化学的能量转换器的冷却回路的管路中时实现了该过滤器元件的轴向的穿流性。过滤器元件构造用于,被从第一轴向端部到第二轴向端部地沿轴向穿流。术语“轴向”在此理解为关于过滤器元件的纵轴线,该纵轴线对应于在使用布置状态(Benutzungsanordnung)中的主流动方向。
根据本发明,所述过滤器元件在与输送开口对置的区域中具有漏斗,该漏斗设置用于从过滤器介质的表面轴向导出颗粒状的脏物并且用于收集该颗粒状的脏物。
颗粒状的脏物的这种轴向的导出反作用于由过滤器介质的增加的负荷而造成的压力损失。
本发明的有利的设计方案是从属权利要求的主题。
格栅支撑结构可以限定一个外周面。所述外周面构造成锥形。所述外周面可以有利地不是闭合的面,而是能配设有格栅窗或在格栅支撑结构中的窗,在所述窗中布置着过滤器介质。因此,所述格栅支撑结构可以通过撑杆、例如环绕的撑杆和通过用于连接纵向撑杆的纵向撑杆限定。所述格栅支撑结构可以沿着它的外周面或例如与该外周面稍微间隔地平行于这个外周面地具有过滤器介质。
过滤器元件可以在末端具有用于颗粒状的脏物的收集室、特别是朝着过滤器元件的外侧壁封闭的污物收集室。这个收集室可以构造用于容纳通过漏斗收集的颗粒状的脏物。所述收集室可以有利地并且优选通过漏斗并且与格栅支撑结构的末端的端盖区段或者与布置在格栅支撑结构上的端盖配合作用地被限定边界(begrenzen)。
所述漏斗可以具有第一漏斗开口和第二漏斗开口,其中,第二漏斗开口小于第一漏斗开口。所述漏斗可以布置成以第二漏斗开口指向收集室。第二漏斗开口优选可以通入到这个收集室中。因此,漏斗横截面朝着污物收集室的方向变小,由此可以实现沉积在过滤器介质上的颗粒的特别良好的集束(Bündelung)并且使所述颗粒导出或运出到收集室中。
过滤器元件除了漏斗开口外还具有一个反冲洗开口(Rückspülöffnung)或多个反冲洗开口以将介质、特别是冷却介质从收集室导出。从收集室导出在此可以尤其在过滤器元件的内室中但或者优选在向外经过过滤器介质的情况下完成,因为在此不存在装载了颗粒的流体的循环的回流的危险。所述一个反冲洗开口或多个反冲洗开口在此可以参照漏斗的径向外部的圆周边缘有利地在边缘侧布置在漏斗上。
过滤器介质可以优选构造成织物筛网(Siebgewebe)、特别是金属织物、特别优选是不锈钢织物筛网,该过滤器介质即使在高温度负荷下和高流动速度下也在机械上特别稳定。
为了避免较高的动态压力(Staudruck),有利的是,织物筛网的平均网孔宽度优选大于70μm并且优选在80至150μm之间、特别优选在100至120μm之间。这个尺寸大小实现了颗粒的沉积并且同时实现了介质的、特别是冷却介质的穿过。
格栅支撑结构、特别是塑料格栅支撑结构,可以限定用于容纳有待过滤的冷却介质的内室,其中,所述漏斗被这样布置,使得颗粒状的脏物能沿轴向从内室中导出。
颗粒朝着收集室的方向的导出可以有利地得到支持,因为过滤器元件具有锥形的形状。
以如下方式达到高流动速度下的额外的稳定性,即,过滤器介质、特别是织物筛网,用格栅支撑结构的材料注塑包封(umspritzen)和/或注塑包覆(umgiessen)。所述格栅支撑结构的材料在此可以优选是塑料。用于制造前述由过滤器介质和格栅支撑结构构成的装置的典型的方法例如由塑料注塑的应用领域已知。
漏斗特别优选可以是这样一种塑料构件,该塑料构件能构造成格栅支撑结构的一部分或者能构造成与格栅支撑结构分开的构件。
过滤器元件可以有利地具有至少两个单独的构件,优选是带有过滤器介质的至少一个格栅支撑结构和带有漏斗的流动引导构件。所述流动引导构件因此可以从格栅支撑结构中取出或与之分离并且加以清洁。倘若漏斗与端盖或端盖区段配合作用地限定了收集室的边界,那么该收集室在取出漏斗后被腾空(freigeben)并且可以加以清洁。因此,过滤器元件有利地是能重复使用的。但特别优选的是,过滤器元件不应包括多于四个的构件,以便使过滤器元件的安装不会过于复杂。
过滤器元件优选在提供收集室的情况下可以有利地具有如下端盖区段,该端盖区段可以与格栅支撑结构一体式构造。
所述端盖替代性地以能够相对于格栅支撑结构能够拆卸的方式布置并且设置用于形成收集室。过滤器元件、特别是收集室,因此可以例如在保养期间在不完全拆卸过滤器元件的情况下通过拆除端盖予以清洁。
漏斗可以具有一个支撑元件或多个支撑元件,优选一个或多个参照漏斗的径向外部的圆周边缘在边缘侧布置在漏斗上的支撑元件。所述支撑元件可以延伸进入到收集室中并且支撑在端盖上或端盖区段上。这可以优选在一个或多个成型在端盖内或端盖区段上的止挡面上进行。
所述一个支撑元件或多个支撑元件在此可以具有一个反冲洗开口或多个反冲洗开口或者与端盖和/或端盖区段配合作用地形成了一个反冲洗开口或多个反冲洗开口。如已经在前文中提到的那样,这些反冲洗开口可以设置用于将冷却介质从收集室回引到过滤器元件的内室中。由此改进了颗粒到收集室中的运输。
漏斗有利地具有流入直径和流出直径,其中,流入直径可以比流出直径要大至少20%、优选25%。
漏斗可以在走势中或者在其沿着漏斗轴线的延伸范围中具有经倒圆的漏斗壁,使得在漏斗的纵向延伸范围内产生了漏斗的凸出的弯曲度,这具有流动技术上的优点。
此外,根据本发明的还有一种装置,其带有电化学的能量转换器、特别是燃料电池和用于通过冷却剂来冷却电化学的能量转换器的冷却回路,其中,冷却回路具有用于前述的根据本发明的过滤器元件,该过滤器元件用于将颗粒状的脏物从冷却剂清除。过滤器元件这样布置在冷却回中,使得过滤器元件能沿轴向方向被穿流。过滤器元件优选容纳在流体回路的、优选用于冷却电化学的能量转化器的冷却回路的至少一条管路的内体积中。基于该过滤器元件的锥形的形状,不需要横截面拓宽的容纳区域来容纳该过滤器元件,而是能简单地并且毫无困难地将过滤器元件集成到可供使用的连续的横截面中。该过滤器元件在根据本发明的装置中被这样有利地穿流,使得流体回路的主流动方向与该过滤器元件的格栅支撑结构的、从第一轴向端部到第二轴向端部的变细方向重合,因为在此由漏斗最为有效地捕集颗粒状的脏物。
附图说明
接下来借助多个实施例并且参考附图来详细阐释本发明的主题。所示的实施例尤为有利,但无论如何都不会限制本发明的主题。各个特征在此能转用到过滤器元件的不同的未示出的变型方案上。图中示出:
图1是电化学的能量转换器的、特别是燃料电池的冷却回路的透视图;
图2是根据本发明的过滤器元件的第一个实施变型方案的侧向的剖视图;
图3是带有已拆卸的流动引导机构的过滤器元件的透视图;
图4是带有已拆卸的流动引导机构的过滤器元件的透视的剖视图;
图5是带有集成的流动引导机构的过滤器元件的透视的剖视图;
图6是流动引导机构的透视的剖视图;
图7是根据本发明的过滤器元件的第二个实施变型方案的剖视图;并且
图8是图7的过滤器元件的透视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了用于冷却优选形式为一个燃料电池102或多个燃料电池的堆垛的电化学的能量转换器的冷却回路100。其它的电化学的能量转换器也可以以这种方式冷却。燃料电池的结构本身公知。所述电化学的能量转换器包括阳极104和阴极105,所述阳极和阴极通过例如半透膜的电解质彼此分离。这种半透膜可以是能透过质子的。通过氢和氧的反应产生能量。
氧气可以通过空气引入管路(Lufteinleitung)111例如作为纯氧气或作为环境空气提供,或者通过液态的介质、例如水提供。氧气或空气可以在引入到燃料电池102之前例如用水润湿。为了提高所引入的气体、例如空气或氧气的湿度,冷却回路具有润湿器103,该润湿器在引入到燃料电池102中之前提高空气湿度。
除了空气引入管路111外,燃料电池102也具有用于燃料106的、特别是氢气的引入管路。此外,燃料电池102还具有用于冷却剂、例如去电离的水的输入管路(Zuleitung)114。所述输入管路111是冷却回路100的一部分。
燃料电池102还具有用于废气(Abgas)或排出空气(Abluft)的排出管路112和用于来自燃料电池102的冷却剂的排出管路115。排出管路具有三路换向阀113。视三路换向阀113的接线而定,冷却剂能输送给换热器108或者在绕开换热器108的情况下输送给旁通管路107。此外,可以在排出管路115上设置冷却储罐109以膨胀冷却剂,所述冷却储罐平衡冷却剂的由温度引起的压力波动。冷却剂泵110在将冷却剂引入到燃料电池102中之前提高冷却剂压力。
燃料电池102和所属的冷却回路100的前述的实施例仅是示例性的。因此也可以使用像酒精、例如甲醇或乙醇那样的碳氢化合物来取代氢气地用作燃料。
过滤器元件101布置在冷却剂到燃料电池的输入管路上,该过滤器元件尤其在开始运转(Inbetriebnahme)时或在填满冷却剂之后将颗粒状的脏物从冷却剂过滤出来。
当前的针对该应用所使用的过滤器元件经常包括用于深度过滤的过滤器介质,用该过滤器介质能将处在流体中的污物从冷却剂或者冷却液过滤出来。污物因此既在介质内部也在介质表面上固定地粘附在处在那里的纤维上并且因此从一定的污物量起会减少介质的自由的横截面,因而可供体积流量使用的流动横截面减少并且冷却介质穿过过滤器元件的压力损失在过滤器元件的运行的时间走势中提高。
例如在图2至6和图7至8的实施变型方案中的根据本发明的过滤器元件,在运行持续时间内具有明显更小的压力损失。
图2至6示出了根据本发明的过滤器元件1的第一种实施变型方案,该过滤器元件布置在管2中。所述管2具有位于末端的突缘(Auskragung)20以用于和过滤器元件1连接。此外,管2具有管接头21以用于将管2连接到冷却回路的、例如图1的冷却回路100的过程管路上。所述连接可以例如通过软管的套接(Überstreifen)和紧接着通过软管卡箍的固定来实现。
过滤器元件1具有带有沿其纵轴线A的锥形的走势的格栅支撑结构3。该格栅支撑结构3限定了多个格栅窗14,在格栅窗中布置着过滤器介质4。所述过滤器介质4是用于沉积过滤器元件1的内室10中的颗粒状的脏物的织物筛网,该内室由格栅支撑结构3限定边界。
所述格栅支撑结构3具有朝着过滤器元件的外侧壁封闭的端盖区段8,该端盖区段在图2至6中是所述格栅支撑结构3的构成整体的一部分。但冷却介质朝着内室10的方向的回引是可能的并且是有利的。
所述格栅支撑结构3具有环形的撑杆5,所述撑杆横向于、特别是垂直于纵轴线A延伸,并且所述撑杆在纵轴线A的走势中朝着端盖区段8相应地在环直径中减小。环形的撑杆5通过纵向撑杆15相互连接并且形成带有锥形的走势的外周面。
在过滤器元件1的与壁封闭的端盖区段8对置的端部上,这个过滤器元件具有带有输送开口23的连接接管7以用于连接到前述冷却回路的过程管路上并且用于将冷却剂引入到过滤器元件1中。这个连接接管7从环形的壁封闭的管区段22起延伸。这个管区段22具有环形环绕的突出部6以用于止挡并且用于和管2的突缘20环绕地形状锁合。突出部6可以例如通过焊接环绕地与管2的突缘20材料锁合地连接。
在端盖区段8和管区段22之间布置有带有过滤器介质4的格栅窗14。端盖区段8具有用于止挡插入到端盖区段8中的流动引导机构9的止挡面12。
这个流动引导机构9在图6中详细示出。该流动引导机构优选可以能拆卸地布置在端盖区段8中。该流动引导机构具有带有漏斗轴线的漏斗16,所述漏斗轴线与格栅支撑结构的纵轴线A同轴地延伸。漏斗具有较大的第一漏斗开口17和较小的第二漏斗开口18。漏斗16和端盖区段8一起限定了用于容纳已过滤好的颗粒状的脏物的收集室13。
在此,较大的漏斗开口17布置在端盖区段8的入口区域中并且较小的漏斗开口18通入到收集室13中。
在漏斗16上布置有支撑元件11,所述支撑元件平行于漏斗轴线地在漏斗16的边缘侧参照其在径向处于外部的圆周边缘延伸,并且所述支撑元件优选材料锁合地与漏斗16连接。在图2至6中,支撑元件11构造成彼此间隔的支承脚部。在支承脚部之间的间隙19同时用作在颗粒留在收集室13的情况下从收集室13流出介质的反冲洗开口。支撑元件11在此放置在止挡面12上。
漏斗16用于将用于颗粒或用于污物的收集室13与原本的过滤器介质4分离。这个漏斗可以准许流体中即将到来的颗粒在该漏斗的漏斗中央进入到收集室并且同时防止了颗粒再次被朝着过滤器介质4的方向反冲洗。
图7和8表明了根据本发明的过滤器元件31的第二种实施变型方案。这个过滤器元件夹紧在两个管51和52之间,所述管通过法兰连接部54相互连接。法兰连接部54具有用于径向密封的第一密封圈53。在末端、即在与法兰连接部54对置的端部上,在每个管51、52上分别布置着用于连接到过程管路上的管法兰55、56。
过滤器元件31本身可以构造成由三部分组成,其包括带有环绕的撑杆35的、有纵轴线A的格栅支撑结构33,所述撑杆通过纵向撑杆相互连接并且限定了外周面以及被该外周面围住的内室41。在格栅支撑结构的格栅窗中或沿着外周面布置有过滤器介质34、特别是织物筛网。
格栅支撑结构33在末端具有壁封闭的管区段37,该管区段带有环形环绕的突出部36。这个突出部可以具有环形槽以容纳用于径向密封的密封圈,如由图7和8可知的那样。
格栅支撑结构33在末端是一侧敞开的并且在另一侧上具有到端盖38的接口32,该端盖能拆卸地布置在格栅支撑结构33上。接口32在这种情况下是旋拧螺纹。端盖与格栅支撑结构33配合构成了用于颗粒的收集室43。
流动引导构件39布置在、特别是夹紧在或旋紧在格栅支撑结构33和端盖38之间。
与图2至6类似,这个流动引导机构也具有漏斗40,所述漏斗实现了朝着收集室的方向的污物引入。
格栅支撑结构33具有进入到过滤器元件31内的输送开口49和在过渡到流动引导机构39的过渡区域上的排出开口。输送开口49的直径在此优选至少是排出开口50的直径的双倍那么大。
漏斗40在边缘侧具有环绕的圆柱形的支撑元件42,该支撑元件在已安装状态下可以支撑在端盖38的止挡面46上以防止轴向的移动。
支撑元件42在边缘侧具有回流开口43,该回流开口用于回引通过漏斗40流入的介质,而颗粒则留在收集室43中。相应地,回流开口43有利地选择得至少小于漏斗40的流入开口。
在图2至8中,漏斗16、40具有向内倒圆的形状,这在流动技术上带来了额外的优点。
在图2至8中示出的漏斗16、40可以例如具有35-45mm的流入直径和20-30mm的用于流出到收集室13、43中的流出直径。流入直径特别优选比流出直径要大至少20%、优选至少25%。
端盖的或端盖区段的内直径可以处在40-50mm之间。该内直径有利地比流出直径要大至少30%。
过滤器元件1、31的长度可以优选在100 mm至230 mm之间、优选在130 mm至200 mm之间。
到过滤器元件31中的输送开口49以及类似地还有用于过滤器元件1的输送开口23,可以优选具有在14至20mm之间的、优选在15至18mm之间的直径。
过滤器介质4、34可以特别优选构造成优选由不生锈的钢、例如不锈钢制成的织物筛网。过滤器介质的、特别是织物筛网的平均的网孔宽度,可以优选大于70μm、特别是在80至150μm之间、尤其在100至120μm之间。
图2至8仅示出了两种优选的实施变型方案,也可以考虑的是,漏斗是过滤器介质4、34的组成部分,过滤器介质可以作为过滤器元件的单独的构件插入到格栅支撑结构中。
在图2至8中示出的过滤器元件分别提供用于污物的收集室13、43,所述收集室处在流动横截面外并且因此并不限制这个流动横截面。因此可以相比于用传统的过滤器介质过滤出更多的污物。在此,在运行中不会出现或仅极小程度地出现压力上升。
因此在带有较小的过滤面的较小的结构空间上可以提供较大的污物容量。此外,所使用的织物作为没有深度过滤的织物筛网在针对高体积流量的压力损失下提供了优点,所述体积流量可能在电化学的能量转换器的冷却回路中出现,例如在250 l/min左右的范围内。
此外,通过过滤器的锥形的形状被证实有利的是,除了已经直接地到达那里的颗粒外,污物颗粒在织物上沿着织物滑动并且在进一步的走势中同样被冲洗到收集室内。

Claims (17)

1.用于在特别是电化学的能量转换器的冷却回路(100)中用作颗粒过滤器的过滤器元件(1、31),该过滤器元件包括带有纵轴线(A)的锥形的格栅支撑结构(3、33),其中,所述过滤器元件在第一轴向端部上具有用于将有待过滤的冷却介质输送到所述过滤器元件(1、31)内的输送开口(23、49),其中,所述格栅支撑结构(3、33)承载过滤器介质(4、34),并且其中,所述过滤器元件(1、31)在第二轴向端部上构造成闭合的,其特征在于,所述过滤器元件(1、31)在轴向上与所述输送开口(23、49)对置的区域中具有用于轴向导出和收集颗粒状的脏物的漏斗(16、40)并且所述锥形的格栅支撑结构(3、33)从所述第一轴向端部朝着所述第二轴向端部变细。
2.根据权利要求1所述的过滤器元件,其特征在于,所述格栅支撑结构(3、33)限定外周面,其中,所述过滤器介质(4、34)平行于该外周面布置。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的过滤器元件,其特征在于,所述过滤器元件(1、31)在末端具有收集室(13、43)、特别是朝着所述过滤器元件(1、31)的外侧壁封闭的污物收集室,该污物收集室构造用于容纳通过所述漏斗(16、40)收集的颗粒状的脏物。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的过滤器元件,其特征在于,所述漏斗(16、40)具有第一漏斗开口(17)和第二漏斗开口(18),其中,所述第二漏斗开口(18)小于所述第一漏斗开口(17),并且其中,所述漏斗(16、40)布置成以所述第二漏斗开口(18)指向所述收集室(13、43),其中,所述第二漏斗开口(18)优选通入到所述收集室(13、43)中。
5.根据权利要求4所述的过滤器元件,其特征在于,所述过滤器元件(1、31)具有一个反冲洗开口或多个反冲洗开口(19、43),所述反冲洗开口构造用于,将冷却介质从沿轴向处在所述漏斗(16、40)后方的区域、特别是从所述收集室(13、40)导出。
6.根据权利要求5所述的过滤器元件,其特征在于,所述一个反冲洗开口或多个反冲洗开口(19、43)参照所述漏斗(16、40)的在径向上处于外部的圆周边缘在边缘侧布置在所述漏斗(16、40)上。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的过滤器元件,其特征在于,所述过滤器介质(4、34)构造成织物筛网、优选构造成金属织物、特别优选构造成不锈钢织物筛网。
8.根据权利要求7所述的过滤器元件,其特征在于,所述织物筛网的平均网孔宽度大于70μm、优选在80至150μm之间、特别优选在100至120μm之间。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的过滤器元件,其特征在于,所述格栅支撑结构(3、33)限定用于容纳有待过滤的冷却介质的内室(10、41),其中,所述漏斗(16、40)这样布置,使得颗粒状的脏物能沿轴向从所述内室(10、41)导出。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的过滤器元件,其特征在于,所述过滤器介质(4、34)、特别是织物筛网,用所述格栅支撑结构(3、33)的材料注塑包封和/或注塑包覆。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的过滤器元件,其特征在于,所述漏斗(16、40)由塑料制成。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的过滤器元件,其特征在于,所述过滤器元件(1、31)具有至少两个单独的构件,优选是带有所述过滤器介质(4、34)的格栅支撑结构(3、33)和带有所述漏斗(16、40)的流动引导构件(9、39)。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的过滤器元件,其特征在于,所述过滤器元件(31)具有端盖(38)或端盖区段(8)以构成所述收集室(43),其中,所述端盖区段(8)优选与所述格栅支撑结构(3)一体式构造,或者其中,所述端盖(38)能拆卸地与所述格栅支撑结构(33)连接。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的过滤器元件,其特征在于,所述漏斗(16、40)具有一个支撑元件或多个支撑元件(11、42),优选具有一个或多个参照所述漏斗(16、40)的在径向上处于外部的圆周边缘在边缘侧布置在所述漏斗(16、40)上的支撑元件(11、42),所述支撑元件延伸进入到所述收集室(13、43)中并且支撑在所述端盖(38)或所述端盖区段(8)上、特别是在所述端盖(38)或所述端盖区段(8)内的所成型的止挡面(12、46)上,其中,优选所述一个支撑元件(42)或多个支撑元件(11)具有一个或多个反冲洗开口(43)或者与所述端盖(38)和/或所述端盖区段(8)配合作用地构成所述一个反冲洗开口或多个反冲洗开口(19),其中,所述反冲洗开口(19、43)设置用于将冷却介质从所述收集室(13、43)回引到所述过滤器元件(1、31)的内室(10、41)中。
15.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的过滤器元件,其特征在于,所述漏斗(16、40)在所述第一漏斗开口(17)上具有流入直径并且在所述第二漏斗开口(18)上具有流出直径,其中,所述流入直径比所述流出直径要大至少20%、优选25%。
16.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的过滤器元件,其特征在于,所述漏斗(16、40)在漏斗轴线的走势中具有经倒圆的漏斗壁,从而产生所述漏斗的沿该漏斗的纵向延伸范围的特别是凸出的弯曲度。
17.一种装置,其具有电化学的能量转换器、特别是燃料电池(102)和用于通过冷却剂来冷却所述电化学的能量转换器的冷却回路(100),其中,所述冷却回路(100)具有用于过滤冷却剂的过滤器元件,以用于将颗粒状的脏物从所述冷却剂中清除,其特征在于,所述过滤器元件(1、31)是按照前述权利要求中任一项所述的过滤器元件(1、31),该过滤器元件这样布置在所述冷却回路(100)中,使得所述过滤器元件(1、31)能沿轴向方向被穿流。
CN201910754113.3A 2018-08-15 2019-08-15 在冷却回路中用作颗粒过滤器的过滤器元件以及带有电化学的能量转换器和冷却回路的装置 Pending CN110833715A (zh)

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