CN110801007A - 老年肌少症营养肽 - Google Patents
老年肌少症营养肽 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
老年肌少症营养肽属于营养食品，尤以青藏高原天然无污染有机红藜麦速溶粉、肌肽、谷氨酰胺肽、ω‑3脂肪酸、L‑精氨酸、L‑亮氨酸、L‑缬氨酸、L‑肌氨酸、维生素D3、辅料为原料。本产品具有抗氧化、促进肌肉生长，防止肌肉衰减和肌少症、延缓衰老等功能。
Description
一、技术领域：本发明属于老年肌少症营养食品。尤以青藏高原无污染优质红藜麦等原料，采用现代最先进技术工艺制成的营养食品。
二、背景技术：本发明以红藜麦速溶粉等原料制成的营养食品。该产品具有补充多种合成肌肉营养成分、抗氧化、促进老年肌肉生长，防止老年肌肉萎缩和肌少症、延缓衰老等功能。目前市场上还没有本产品出现，创新研发该产品可为给中老年提供一种防止肌肉萎缩的新产品。该产品为粉剂、纯度高、生物活性强、吸收利用好、无任何毒副作用、服务方便，效果显著。
三、发明内容：老年肌少症又称“肌肉衰减综合症”。肌肉衰减综合证是与年龄相关的进行性骨骼肌量减少，伴有肌肉力量和肌肉功能减退的综合症。老年肌肉质量减少和功能丧失可导致出现衰弱、增加跌倒、骨折和感染风险，继而导致老年生活质量降低，死亡率增高，并显著增加医疗费用。临床研究证明，运动和营养治疗是防治肌肉衰减综合症的有效手段。随着我国人口老龄化社会到来，要充分认识肌肉衰减综合症并开展积极防治，对改善老年人的生活质量，降低并发症和延缓衰老具有重要的社会意义。
四、原料配方：红藜麦速溶粉10-50千克、肌肽0.5-3千克、谷氨酰胺肽2-5千克、ω-3脂肪酸1-5千克、L-精氨酸3-7千克、L-亮氨酸4-8千克、L-缬氨酸1-3千克、L-肌氨酸2-5千克、维生素D30.1-0.4克、辅料为原料。
五、技术方案：
(一)红藜麦(Raymond)，红藜麦为藜麦属藜木科双叶子红藜麦的成熟种子。性平味甘。具有全面均衡的补充营养，有增强机体功能和免疫功能、修复体质、调节内分泌、促进肌肉生长、防止肌肉萎缩、延缓衰老等多种功能。被联合国粮农组织认定为是唯一单体植物能满足人体基本营养需求的食物，推荐为最适宜人类完美的营养食品，并列为全球10大健康营养食品的“超级谷物”、“未来食品”，以促进人类的健康。
营养成分：红藜麦含有丰富的蛋白质(高达20％，品质与奶粉和牛肉类相当)，碳水化合物、脂肪、20种氨基酸，其中含有人体必需的9种氨基酸，比例适当且以吸收，还富含不饱和脂肪酸、黄酮、原花青素、胆碱、甜菜碱、胡萝卜素、β-葡聚糖、膳食纤维、矿物质钙、镁、磷、钾、铁、锰、铜、硒等，全部13种维生素，膳食纤维含量高达7.1％，不含胆固醇，特别适应中老年人食用。
生理功能：1、防止肌肉衰减，最新研究认为肌肉衰减综合症是与年龄相关进行性骨骼肌肉减少，伴有肌肉力量和肌肉功能减退的综合症，研究证明，运动和营养治疗是防治肌肉衰减综合症的有效手段。蛋白质摄入量与肌肉的质量和力量呈正相关。机体从食物中吸收的蛋白质可以促进肌肉蛋白质的合成和肌肉生长。临床研究证实，红藜麦含有丰富的优质蛋白等多种营养物质具有促进肌肉蛋白质合成和肌肉生长的作用，可防治随年龄增长肌肉质量和肌肉功能的衰减的作用。
(二)、肌肽(L-carnosine)，肌肽是一种存在于动物肌肉中的天然有机活性物质，也是一种具有重要生理功能的活性肽，是由β-丙氨酸和组氨酸组成的二肽，其功能用途广泛。具有抗氧化，保护蛋白质和膜完整性防止肌肉衰减，延缓衰老等功能。
生理功能：1、保护蛋白质和防肌肉萎缩：最新研究表明，导致人体衰老的一个重要原因使人体内蛋白质的变化，是因为体内一种叫做羰基化的化学反应引起的，人在老年时肌肉萎缩是因为大约有1/3的蛋白质被羰基化。临床研究证实，肌肽是一种天然抗氧化剂能够与蛋白质的碳基团结合，是蛋白质不容易发生交叉连接形成羰基化。从而保护蛋白质分解，防止肌肉萎缩具有显著的作用。
2、抗氧化：肌肽是一种强抗氧化剂，具有很强的清除自由基作用。最新临床研究证实，肌肽可清除，在氧化应缴过程中使细胞脂肪酸过度氧化形成的活性氧自由基，对脂肪和蛋白质氧化具有显著的抑制作用。
3、延缓肌肉衰减：肌肽具有多种抗衰老功效作用。临床研究发现，人体最重要的组织成分蛋白质的变性，是导致人体肌肉衰减老的重要因素。而肌肽具有抗蛋白质变性的重要作用，因此，防止肌肉衰减的奥秘就是机体肌肉组织中含有大量的肌肽。
(三)、谷氨酰胺肽(GIutamine)，谷氨酰胺肽是由谷氨酰胺、丙氨酸和甘氨酸合成的二肽。谷氨酰胺肽是哺乳动物血浆中含量最为丰富的一种游离氨基肽，对人体具有多种生物学活性生理功能。具有核酸和氨基酸的共体，可调节人体蛋白质合成和蛋白质分解，促进肌肉合成和防止肌肉衰减、促进生长激素分泌、缓解肌疲劳、延缓衰老等多种生理功能。
生理功能：1、促进肌肉合成：最新研究表明，谷氨酰胺肽是人体生物合成蛋白质和氨的载体，也能合成许多重要生理物质，可调节人体蛋白质合成，抑制蛋白质分解具有重要的生理活性作用。临床研究发现，谷氨酰胺肽能为机体提供必需的氨源，促使肌肉细胞内蛋白质合成，通过细胞增容作用，促进肌肉细胞的生长和分化，刺激生长激素、胰岛素和睾酮的分泌，使机体处于合成状态。因此，补充谷氨酰胺肽能有效防止肌肉蛋白的分解，并可通过细胞水合作用，增加肌肉细胞体积，促进肌肉合成。
2、防止肌肉衰减：谷氨酰胺肽是人体含量较多的一种氨基酸肽，是合成蛋白的基本构架单位。最新研究表明，谷氨酰胺肽在人体肌肉蛋白中占氨基酸的62％，在血浆中占总游离氨基酸的21％，在培养动物肌肉组织研究中，发现最适宜肌肉生长的各种氨基酸中，谷氨酰胺肽需要量是最多的，由此证明，补充谷氨酰胺肽对防止肌肉衰减具有重要的作用。
(四)ω-3脂肪酸(ω-3 Linolenic acid)，ω-3脂肪酸是存在于深海鱼类体内的一种不饱和脂肪酸，是构成人体组织历胞的重要成分之一，为必需脂肪酸，在人体内不能自行合成，必需从体外摄取。现代药理研究表明，ω-3脂肪酸具有延缓肌肉老化和肌肉衰老、抗氧化、抗炎、增强免疫等多种功能。
生理学功能：1、增加肌肉含量和延缓肌肉衰减：最新研究发现ω-3脂肪酸可增加人体肌肉含量。一项针对两组志愿者实验，一组每天食用适量的ω-3脂肪酸，另一组食用不含ω-3脂肪酸的食物，3个月后结果显示，食用ω-3脂肪酸志愿者肌肉含量明显增加，而食用一般食物的一组肌肉没有变化。另据报道，英国一项最新研究表明，服用ω-3脂肪酸辅以负重训练，可有助于逆转人体肌肉老化。研究人员对14名65岁以上的女生肌肉力量进行比较。结果显示，能过12周抗阻运动训练后，同时服用ω-3脂肪酸的女性肌肉力量增加了38％，而服用安慰组的女性肌肉力量增加11％，研究者认为，衰老的肌肉往往会出现炎症反应，而ω-3脂肪酸能缓解炎症，对肌肉增加力量和质量能力有一定的作用。因此，ω-3脂肪能延缓肌肉衰减和增加肌肉生长的作用。
(五)、L-精氨酸(L-Aiginine)精氨酸是一种双氨基氨基酸，是鸟氨酸循环中的一个组成成分，为人体条件必需氨基酸，也是维持脑下垂体正常功能必需氨基酸，精氨酸是一氧化氨、肌酸、苯丙氨酸、谷氨酸盐等具有重要生理功能的前体物质。近年来研究发现，精氨酸在医疗和保健方面具有极其重要的生理功能。
生理功能：1、增强肌肉合成：临床最新研究显示，精氨酸能促进蛋白质和生长激素的分泌，增强肌肉组织与修复，另外，精氨酸还能增强肌肉生长的长生激素合成，促胰岛素和睾酮分泌增加，从而增强肌肉的合成，延缓肌肉萎缩和肌肉衰老。另外，给营养不良的小鼠服用精氨酸可以降低炎症反应，促进肌肉再生。
2、促进伤口愈合：最新研究表明，精氨酸重要的代谢功能是促进伤口愈合作用，它可促进胶原组织成分，故能修复伤口。临床研究证实，补充精氨酸在伤口分泌液中可以观察到精氨酸活性的升高，这也表明伤口附近的精氨酸需求量大增，因此，精氨酸可促进伤口周围的微循环而使伤口早日愈合。
(六)L-亮氨酸(L-leucine)，亮氨酸属于人体必需氨基酸，在人体不能合成，必须从食物中摄取。具有多种生理活性功能。
生理功能：1、促进肌肉合成和防止肌肉衰减：最新研究表明，亮氨酸可以提供人体肌肉所需要的最接近肌肉组成的支链氨基酸，其实肌肉也是富含支链所基酸营养物质组成。因此，通过补充亮氨酸对促进老年肌肉合成具有很好的作用。临床研究显示，亮氨酸对肌肉合成，尤其是对老年人肌肉合成起着非常重要的作用。通过对28名老年分为两组对照肌肉衰减进行干预试验。结果发现，亮氨酸干预组比对照组的肌肉衰减速度明显减慢，且肌肉的功能明显强于对比照组，由此证明，亮氨酸具有明显的促进老年肌肉合成和防止肌肉衰减的作用。
(七)L-缬氨酸(Valine Val)，缬氨酸属于人体8种必需氨基酸的一种，是人体不能自身合成，必须从食物中摄取的氨基酸。
生理功能：防止肌肉萎缩和促进肌肉生长：缬氨酸是组成蛋白质的20种氨基酸之一，属于支链氨基酸，也是生糖氨基酸。临床研究发现缬氨酸可促进肌肉生长和预防疲劳，并能提供额外的能量葡萄糖有助于肌肉恢复和防止肌肉衰减。
(八)L-肌氨酸(Sarcosine)，肌氨酸也称为肌酸，是一种在肝脏产生的酸性物质。肌氨酸在肌肉中以磷酸肌酸的形式存在，可以增强肌肉无氧力量和爆发力。临床最新研究表明，适当补充肌氨酸可以促进肌肉和力量增长，防止衰老带来的肌肉衰减。
(九)维生素D3(VitD3)又名钙化醇，是类固醇的衍生物。维生素D3是人体必需的营养素具有多种生理活性。临床研究表明，维生素D3能通过改善2型糖尿病肌纤维萎缩状况来增加肌肉生长和肌肉力量，减少老人跌倒及骨折的发生风险，此外，维生素D3还能维持血液中正常氨基酸浓度，有利用细胞正常分化。
综合所述，肌肉衰减营养肽具有显著的促进肌肉合成和防止肌肉衰减的作用。通过142例65-68岁老年肌肉衰减症患者随机分为试验组和对照组，分别给予老年肌少症营养肽和安慰组食物，随访6个月后用双能X线测量爱试者四肢及躯干各断面的瘦体组织，其结果具有显著性，表明口服老年肌少症营养肽可显著增加肌肉合成，防治肌肉衰减，延缓肌肉衰老的功效作用。
六、具体实施方式：
实施例：取红藜麦速溶粉10-50千克、肌肽0.5-6千克、谷氨酰胺肽2-5千克、ω-3脂肪酸1-5千克、L-精氨酸3-7千克、L-亮氨酸4-8千克、L-缬氨酸1-3千克、L-肌氨酸2-5千克、维生素D30.1-0.4克、辅料为原料。先将红藜麦清洗、烘焙、加入1∶6-8倍水浸泡6-8小时后磨浆，将磨好红藜麦浆送入过滤机过滤，过滤后的红藜麦浆加热至50-60℃在25MPa进行均质，均质后的红藜麦浆浓缩至含固体物40-50％，送入冷冻室在-40--70℃干燥6-8小时后粉碎过100-120目筛(即得红藜麦速溶粉)，再与原料配方中剩余其他原料混合，充分搅拌均匀，经检验合格，包装为成品。
Claims (1)
1.老年肌少症营养肽制作工艺，其特征为：红藜麦速溶粉10-50千克、肌肽0.5-6千克、谷氨酰胺肽2-5千克、ω-3脂肪酸1-5千克、L-精氨酸3-7千克、L-亮氨酸4-8千克、L-缬氨酸1-3千克、L-肌氨酸2-5千克、维生素D30.1-0.4克、辅料为原料。先将红藜麦清洗、烘焙、加入1∶6-8倍水浸泡6-8小时后磨浆，将磨好红藜麦浆送入过滤机过滤，过滤后的红藜麦浆加热至50-60℃在25MPa进行均质，均质后的红藜麦浆浓缩至含固体物40-50％，送入冷冻室在-40--70℃干燥6-8小时后粉碎过100-120目筛(即得红藜麦速溶粉)，再与原料配方中剩余其他原料混合，充分搅拌均匀，经检验合格，包装为成品。
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