CN110786216A - Garlic aerial bulb direct seeding planting method - Google Patents
Garlic aerial bulb direct seeding planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110786216A CN110786216A CN201911179282.5A CN201911179282A CN110786216A CN 110786216 A CN110786216 A CN 110786216A CN 201911179282 A CN201911179282 A CN 201911179282A CN 110786216 A CN110786216 A CN 110786216A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/35—Bulbs; Alliums, e.g. onions or leeks
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of economic crop cultivation, and particularly relates to a garlic aerial bulb direct seeding planting method, which comprises the following steps: (1) garlic aerial bulb germination induction: harvesting garlic aerial bulbs which grow normally and mature, spraying a bud inducing agent, then carrying out constant-temperature culture, and stopping inducing after more than 80% of the garlic aerial bulbs emit buds; (2) germinating aerial bulb braided belt: using the garlic aerial bulbs induced to germinate in the step (1) as seed garlic, and fixing the seed garlic on a weaving belt according to a certain arrangement direction and spacing; (3) and (3) sowing the germinated aerial bulbs: adopting garlic-planting braided belt seeding or conventional seeding method; (4) cultivation management: and (5) after sowing, performing field watering, top dressing and field management. The method is used for conventional planting and seed garlic breeding of garlic, not only overcomes continuous cropping obstacles of garlic planting, but also solves the problems of low germination rate, inconsistent growth and difficult splitting of the aerial bulbs of garlic, and improves the yield and quality of garlic.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of economic crop cultivation, and particularly relates to a direct seeding planting method for garlic aerial bulbs.
Background
Garlic belongs to asexual propagation crops, garlic is usually subjected to asexual propagation in production, but continuous planting causes the problems of decline of the vitality and degeneration of the seed properties of the garlic, easy occurrence of virus infection, reduction of yield, quality deterioration and the like, and the garlic is seriously influenced to the production. Research shows that the seed garlic bred by using the garlic aerial bulbs (also called Tiangarlic) can overcome continuous cropping obstacles, thereby improving the yield and the quality, but the garlic aerial bulbs have the objective problems of low germination rate (less than 50 percent), inconsistent growth, difficult splitting and the like in the planting process, and limit the utilization of the garlic seed bulbs in conventional planting and seed garlic breeding. Therefore, the problems of low germination rate, difficult splitting and the like of the garlic aerial bulbs are solved, the utilization potential of the garlic aerial bulbs can be improved, and the application of the garlic aerial bulbs in conventional planting or garlic seed breeding is expanded.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of low germination rate, inconsistent growth, difficult splitting and the like in the garlic aerial bulb planting process in the prior art, and provides a garlic aerial bulb direct seeding planting method which can be used for conventional planting and seed garlic breeding of garlic, overcomes the continuous cropping obstacle of garlic planting, can solve the problems of low germination rate, inconsistent growth and difficult splitting of garlic aerial bulbs and improves the yield and quality of garlic.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a garlic aerial bulb direct seeding planting method comprises the steps of garlic aerial bulb germination induction, germination aerial bulb woven belts, germination aerial bulb seeding and cultivation management, and specifically comprises the following steps: (1) garlic aerial bulb germination induction: harvesting garlic aerial bulbs which grow normally and mature, spraying a bud inducing agent, then carrying out constant-temperature culture, and stopping inducing after more than 80% of the garlic aerial bulbs emit buds; (2) germinating aerial bulb braided belt: using the garlic aerial bulbs induced to germinate in the step (1) as seed garlic, and fixing the seed garlic on a weaving belt according to a certain arrangement direction and spacing; (3) and (3) sowing the germinated aerial bulbs: adopting garlic-planting braided belt seeding or conventional seeding method; (4) cultivation management: and (5) after sowing, performing field watering, top dressing and field management.
Further, the length of the sprouts in the step (1) is 0.3-0.8cm, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram comparing the aerial bulbs of the garlic to be induced to sprout with the normal garlic cloves to sprout, and the normal garlic cloves to sprout are obviously larger than the aerial bulbs on the right side and can sprout without induction. The length of the sprouts is specified according to the length of the sprouts meeting the planting requirement; the adopted bud inducing agent is 0.2mg/L gibberellin solution; any other treatment agent may be selected as long as it can induce the germination of the garlic aerial bulbs.
Further, the constant temperature range in the step (1) is-10-25 ℃; the germination consistency can be improved by culturing under a constant temperature condition, the temperature range is set to be-10-25 ℃, and the germination speed can be adjusted according to the temperature; in order to adapt to objective requirements of environments, climates and the like of different planting areas, a proper local culture temperature can be selected according to the requirements of the actual planting areas or the planting seasons.
Further, the arrangement direction in the step (2) is the same as the direction of the bud points of the seed garlic, and the arrangement distance of the seed garlic on the weaving belt is 7-13cm, as shown in fig. 2. The garlic seeds are arranged in the set direction and the set interval and are fixed on the weaving belt for field sowing, and single garlic seed sowing is not needed, so that the sowing efficiency can be improved, and the cost can be saved.
Furthermore, the braided strap is formed by weaving non-woven fabrics and cords. The materials selected for the braided belt mainly consider that the environment cannot be polluted and the economic cost is saved, and other materials can be selected to be made into the braided belt as long as the materials can be naturally degraded and cannot pollute the soil.
Further, the seeding in the step (3) is specifically operated as follows: and (4) setting the seeding density and the planting depth according to a conventional garlic planting method, and fertilizing and seeding. The sowing can be carried out by adopting braided belt sowing or conventional sowing, and the specific sowing density, depth and the like are set according to a conventional sowing method.
Further, the planting depth is 2-4 cm.
Further, the garlic aerial bulbs in the step (1) can be obtained by two ways: garlic planted in a normal field is used as a material, and the young garlic shoots are not pulled out; or culturing garlic or garlic sprout thereof planted in normal field as material in a climatic chamber.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the garlic aerial bulb direct seeding planting method provided by the invention can be used for garlic seed breeding, not only overcomes the continuous cropping obstacle of garlic planting, but also can overcome the technical problems of low germination rate, inconsistent growth, difficult splitting and the like in the garlic aerial bulb planting process, and improves the yield and quality of garlic.
(2) According to the garlic aerial bulb direct seeding planting method provided by the invention, garlic aerial bulbs capable of inducing germination can be woven into the garlic seed woven belts for planting, so that the field planting efficiency can be greatly improved; in addition, the garlic can be used as seed garlic to be directly planted conventionally, so that common garlic used as seed garlic can be saved during conventional planting, and planting benefit is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the germination-inducing aerial bulbs of garlic in comparison with a conventional garlic clove according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the woven belt of the germinated aerial bulbs provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail and fully with reference to the following specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
For a further understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the following examples.
Example 1
(1) Garlic aerial bulb germination induction: garlic planted in normal fields is used as a material, garlic shoots are not pulled out, and the garlic aerial bulbs are used for propagation. Properly prolonging the harvesting time, harvesting garlic aerial bulbs with dry outer skins and normal development, spraying gibberellin solution of 0.2mg/L for induction, putting the garlic aerial bulbs into a temperature control box, adjusting the garlic aerial bulbs within the temperature range of-10 to 25 ℃, culturing under the constant temperature condition, and setting the constant temperature according to the speed of germination; stopping inducing when more than 80% of garlic aerial bulbs sprout 0.3-0.8 cm.
(2) Germinating aerial bulb braided belt: and (2) using the garlic aerial bulbs induced to germinate in the step (1) as seed garlic, and weaving the seed garlic into seed garlic weaving belts with consistent seed garlic bud point directions and 7-13cm intervals by using non-woven fabrics and ropes for field sowing.
(3) And (3) sowing the germinated aerial bulbs: the sowing density is determined according to the conventional garlic planting method during sowing, and after local conventional fertilization, the germinated aerial bulbs or garlic seed woven belts are used for sowing in an artificial mode or a mechanical mode, wherein the planting depth is 2-4 cm.
(4) Cultivation management: and after sowing, performing field watering, top dressing and field management according to a conventional method.
(5) Harvesting after planting of the germinated aerial bulbs: the progeny garlic harvested conventionally or mechanically can be continuously used as garlic seeds for conventional planting in an artificial mode or a mechanical mode, and yield reduction and quality reduction caused by continuous cropping obstacles can be prevented; the harvested progeny garlic can also be directly used as a common commodity garlic for sale.
Example 2
(1) Garlic aerial bulb germination induction: garlic planted in a normal field is used as a material, and garlic plants without garlic shoots removed are transferred to an artificial climate chamber in the garlic shoot harvesting period or the garlic harvesting period for the propagation of garlic aerial bulbs. Properly prolonging the harvesting time, harvesting garlic aerial bulbs with dry outer skins and normal development, spraying gibberellin solution of 0.2mg/L for induction, putting the garlic aerial bulbs into a temperature control box, adjusting the garlic aerial bulbs within the temperature range of-10 to 25 ℃, culturing under the constant temperature condition, and setting the constant temperature according to the speed of germination; stopping inducing when more than 80% of garlic aerial bulbs sprout 0.3-0.8 cm.
(2) Germinating aerial bulb braided belt: and (2) using the garlic aerial bulbs induced to germinate in the step (1) as seed garlic, and weaving the seed garlic into seed garlic weaving belts with consistent seed garlic bud point directions and 7-13cm intervals by using non-woven fabrics and ropes for field sowing.
(3) And (3) sowing the germinated aerial bulbs: the sowing density is determined according to the conventional garlic planting method during sowing, and after local conventional fertilization, the germinated aerial bulbs or garlic seed woven belts are used for sowing in an artificial mode or a mechanical mode, wherein the planting depth is 2-4 cm.
(4) Cultivation management: and after sowing, performing field watering, top dressing and field management according to a conventional method.
(5) Harvesting after planting of the germinated aerial bulbs: the progeny garlic harvested conventionally or mechanically can be continuously used as garlic seeds for conventional planting in an artificial mode or a mechanical mode, and yield reduction and quality reduction caused by continuous cropping obstacles can be prevented; the harvested progeny garlic can also be directly used as a common commodity garlic for sale.
Example 3
(1) Garlic aerial bulb germination induction: garlic planted in a normal field is taken as a material, and only the pulled garlic stems are transferred to an artificial climate chamber in the harvest period of the garlic stems for the aerial bulb propagation of the garlic. Properly prolonging the harvesting time, harvesting garlic aerial bulbs with dry outer skins and normal development, spraying gibberellin solution of 0.2mg/L for induction, putting the garlic aerial bulbs into a temperature control box, adjusting the garlic aerial bulbs within the temperature range of-10 to 25 ℃, culturing under the constant temperature condition, and setting the constant temperature according to the speed of germination; stopping inducing when more than 80% of garlic aerial bulbs sprout 0.3-0.8 cm.
(2) Germinating aerial bulb braided belt: and (2) using the garlic aerial bulbs induced to germinate in the step (1) as seed garlic, and weaving the seed garlic into seed garlic weaving belts with consistent seed garlic bud point directions and 7-13cm intervals by using non-woven fabrics and ropes for field sowing.
(3) And (3) sowing the germinated aerial bulbs: the sowing density is determined according to the conventional garlic planting method during sowing, and after local conventional fertilization, the germinated aerial bulbs or garlic seed woven belts are used for sowing in an artificial mode or a mechanical mode, wherein the planting depth is 2-4 cm.
(4) Cultivation management: and after sowing, performing field watering, top dressing and field management according to a conventional method.
(5) Harvesting after planting of the germinated aerial bulbs: the progeny garlic harvested conventionally or mechanically can be continuously used as garlic seeds for conventional planting in an artificial mode or a mechanical mode, and yield reduction and quality reduction caused by continuous cropping obstacles can be prevented; the harvested progeny garlic can also be directly used as a common commodity garlic for sale.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the scope of the present invention should be included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A garlic aerial bulb direct seeding planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps of garlic aerial bulb germination induction, germination aerial bulb woven belts, germination aerial bulb seeding and cultivation management:
(1) garlic aerial bulb germination induction: harvesting garlic aerial bulbs which grow normally and mature, spraying a bud inducing agent, then carrying out constant-temperature culture, and stopping inducing after more than 80% of the garlic aerial bulbs emit buds;
(2) germinating aerial bulb braided belt: using the garlic aerial bulbs induced to germinate in the step (1) as seed garlic, and fixing the seed garlic on a weaving belt according to a certain arrangement direction and spacing;
(3) and (3) sowing the germinated aerial bulbs: adopting garlic-planting braided belt seeding or conventional seeding method;
(4) cultivation management: and (5) after sowing, performing field watering, top dressing and field management.
2. The method for directly seeding garlic gas bulbs according to claim 1, wherein the length of the sprouts in step (1) is 0.3-0.8 cm.
3. The garlic aerial bulb direct seeding planting method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the constant temperature in the step (1) is in the range of-10 to 25 ℃.
4. The method for directly sowing and planting the aerial bulbs of garlic as claimed in claim 1, wherein the arrangement direction in step (2) is the same as the direction of the bud points of the seed garlic, and the arrangement distance of the seed garlic on the weaving belt is 7-13 cm.
5. The method for directly sowing and planting the aerial bulbs of garlic as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weaving band is woven by using non-woven fabrics and thread ropes.
6. The garlic aerial bulb direct seeding planting method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seeding in the step (3) is specifically operated as follows: and (4) setting the seeding density and the planting depth according to a conventional garlic planting method, and fertilizing and seeding.
7. The method for directly seeding garlic aerial bulbs according to claim 5, wherein the planting depth is 2-4 cm.
8. The direct garlic aerial bulb planting method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the garlic aerial bulbs in the step (1) can be obtained by two ways: garlic planted in a normal field is used as a material, and the young garlic shoots are not pulled out; or culturing garlic or garlic sprout thereof planted in normal field as material in a climatic chamber.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111374054A (en) * | 2020-04-11 | 2020-07-07 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Method for culturing garlic aerial bulbs by using in-vitro young garlic shoots |
| CN113951121A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-21 | 南京农业大学 | Method for quickly and efficiently germinating aerial bulbs of garlic |
| CN115349414A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-11-18 | 江苏丰收大地种业发展有限公司 | Method for producing single-clove garlic by using garlic aerial bulbs |
| CN117918211A (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-04-26 | 济宁市农业科学研究院 | Method for improving emergence rate and seedling protection rate of garlic aerial bulbs |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111374054A (en) * | 2020-04-11 | 2020-07-07 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Method for culturing garlic aerial bulbs by using in-vitro young garlic shoots |
| CN113951121A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-21 | 南京农业大学 | Method for quickly and efficiently germinating aerial bulbs of garlic |
| CN115349414A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-11-18 | 江苏丰收大地种业发展有限公司 | Method for producing single-clove garlic by using garlic aerial bulbs |
| CN117918211A (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-04-26 | 济宁市农业科学研究院 | Method for improving emergence rate and seedling protection rate of garlic aerial bulbs |
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Application publication date: 20200214 |