CN110771463A - Ratooning rice cultivation method and ratooning rice seeds - Google Patents

Ratooning rice cultivation method and ratooning rice seeds Download PDF

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CN110771463A
CN110771463A CN201911142417.0A CN201911142417A CN110771463A CN 110771463 A CN110771463 A CN 110771463A CN 201911142417 A CN201911142417 A CN 201911142417A CN 110771463 A CN110771463 A CN 110771463A
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rice
seeds
cultivating
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CN110771463B (en
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谌锡
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Hunan Jingyou Agricultural Technology Development Co Ltd
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Hunan Jingyou Agricultural Technology Development Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20Cereals
    • A01G22/22Rice
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01HNEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/02Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility

Abstract

The invention discloses a ratoon rice cultivation method and ratoon rice seeds, the method comprises: soaking seeds, namely soaking the seeds in the biological liquid medicine by using the conventional dry rice as a female parent; accelerating germination, namely filling the seeds into a sterilized cloth bag, covering a heat-insulating layer, exposing to the sun, insulating at 20-30 ℃, and watering warm water in the morning and at the evening every day for 2-3 times to accelerate germination until the seeds germinate; sowing, namely uniformly sowing the germinated seeds in the prepared soil, and covering sterile plant ash; cultivating, watering the sowing area for 1-2 times respectively in the morning and evening until the seedlings grown from the seeds tiller 3-5 times, transplanting the seedlings to a field which is transplanted with wild rice 5 days before, and cultivating until the rice is mature, wherein 2 rows of dry rice are planted for each wild rice; and (4) selecting seeds, selecting seeds from the harvested rice ears, and continuing to hybridize the selected seeds in the next year by adopting the steps so as to obtain hybrid seeds through multi-year hybridization. The invention aims to solve the defect of time and labor waste caused by non-renewable rice in the existing rice planting method.

Description

Ratooning rice cultivation method and ratooning rice seeds
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of paddy planting, in particular to a ratoon rice cultivation method and ratoon rice seeds obtained by the ratoon rice cultivation method.
Background
Rice is a main grain crop in China, and is from ancient times: the people take the food as day; and cloud: there is no Qian Jun san of grain every day, and grains can play an important role in people's life. In recent years, the paddy cultivation area is less and less, the planting area of the northern dry paddy exceeds two times and three times of the paddy cultivation area, and most of places with deficient water sources are barren and are not suitable for cultivation. However, rice remains one of the most important food crops. In the prior art, the rice has no regenerability, the land must be cultivated again every year, and the seeds are adopted again to cultivate seedlings and transplant seedlings, so the seeds must be purchased again every year, and a large amount of physical labor is repeated, namely the traditional rice planting method has the defects of time and labor waste, and therefore, a breeding method of the renewable rice needs to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for cultivating regenerated rice, and aims to overcome the defects of time and labor waste caused by non-renewable rice grains in the existing rice grain planting method.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for cultivating ratoon rice, comprising the steps of:
soaking seeds, namely soaking seeds with a biological liquid medicine by taking the conventional upland rice as a female parent in grain rain seasons;
accelerating germination, namely fishing out the soaked seeds, putting the seeds into a sterilized cloth bag, covering the cloth bag filled with the seeds with a heat insulation layer, exposing the cloth bag to the sun, preserving the heat at the temperature of 20-30 ℃, and watering warm water for 2-3 times in the morning and evening every day until the seeds germinate;
sowing, namely uniformly sowing the germinated seeds in the prepared soil, and covering sterile plant ash;
cultivating, watering the sowing area for 1-2 times respectively in the morning and evening until the seedlings grown from the seeds tiller 3-5 times, transplanting the seedlings to a field which is transplanted with wild rice 5 days before, and cultivating until the rice is mature, wherein 2 rows of dry rice are planted for each wild rice;
and (4) selecting seeds, selecting seeds from the harvested rice ears, and continuing to hybridize the selected seeds in the next year by adopting the steps so as to obtain hybrid seeds through multi-year hybridization.
Preferably, after the seed selection step, the method further comprises:
cultivating the obtained hybrid seeds according to the steps of seed soaking, germination accelerating, sowing and cultivating until the rice is mature;
harvesting, namely harvesting the rice field to leave grain roots;
and (4) cultivating the new seedlings, namely cultivating the new seedlings on the rice roots in the next year until the rice is mature.
Preferably, the female parent is conventional rice with ten brilliant or victory glutinous rice, and the wild rice is drought-resistant, cold-resistant, disease-resistant, insect-resistant and lodging-resistant wild rice collected at an altitude of more than 1000 meters and has a developed root system.
Preferably, the biological liquid medicine is prepared by decocting cassia bark, campanumoea root, combined spicebush root, rabbit hair, fleece-flower root and sealwort.
Preferably, the seed soaking time of the biological liquid medicine is 20-28 h.
Preferably, the heat-insulating layer is straw or gauze.
Preferably, the thickness of the plant ash is 8-12 mm.
To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a ratoon rice seed obtained by the ratoon rice cultivation method as described in any one of the above.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the obtained hybrid seeds have wider applicability than the existing rice and dry rice, can be planted and popularized in dry lands all over the country and all over the world, such as northern great plains, Henan, Hebei, Gansu, inner Mongolia desert lands and southern dry lands, and can improve the utilization rate of land resources; the production cost is greatly reduced for the rice grower, the rice grower does not need to buy seeds every year, the seed purchasing cost is saved, the rice grower does not need to cultivate land every year, the land cost and the land labor are saved, and the fertilizer, the time and the expense in the processes of seedling raising and transplanting are saved; the ratoon rice obtains the disease resistance of the wild rice through multiple hybridization of the wild rice and the conventional dry rice, is not easy to cause insect pests, saves the expense and labor for spraying pesticides, reduces pesticide pollution of the rice, is more environment-friendly, and solves the defects of time and labor waste caused by non-renewable rice in the existing rice grain planting method.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a cultivation process of ratoon rice according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of the second year new seedling of the regenerated rice of the present invention.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for cultivating ratoon rice, comprising the steps of:
step S10: soaking seeds, namely soaking the seeds of the conventional upland rice as female parents in biological liquid medicine for 20-28h in grain rain seasons. Soaking every kilogram of seeds in 2-3 kilograms of biological liquid medicine, wherein the female parent is the conventional rice with ten brilliant glutinous rice. Wherein the biological liquid medicine is prepared by decocting cortex Cinnamomi, radix Campanumoeae, radix Linderae, rabbit hair, Polygoni Multiflori radix, and rhizoma Polygonati in water for 2-3 h. The weight parts of the guangui are 10-20 parts, the weight parts of the campanumoea javanica are 12-15 parts, the weight parts of the radix linderae are 5-8 parts, the weight parts of the rabbit hair are 2-5 parts, the weight parts of the fleece-flower root are 20-25 parts, the weight parts of the rhizoma polygonati are 10-15 parts, and the weight parts of water are 80-100 parts. The biological liquid medicine is used for soaking seeds, so that bacteria can be eliminated for the seeds, the disease resistance is enhanced, nutrient components can be supplemented for the seeds, and the germination rate of the seeds can be promoted. The hybrid seeds of the upland rice and the wild rice keep the advantages of the upland rice, do not need to be irrigated, only need to keep the soil moist, and reduce the irrigation workload and water consumption. And the defects that the rice field is densely transplanted and weeds easily grow are avoided, and the defects that the ventilation is poor, diseases and insects are easily infected and a large amount of pesticide is sprayed due to the fact that the rice field is densely transplanted are also avoided. But also can be widely applied to dry lands or hillside dry lands.
Step S20: accelerating germination, namely fishing out the soaked seeds, putting the seeds into a sterilized cloth bag, covering the cloth bag filled with the seeds with 10-15 cm of straws, placing the cloth bag in the sun for insolation, preserving the heat at the temperature of 20-30 ℃, and watering warm water for 2-3 times in the morning and at night every day for accelerating germination until the seeds germinate;
step S30: and (4) sowing, namely uniformly sowing the germinated seeds in the prepared soil, and covering sterile plant ash with the thickness of 8-12 mm. The seeds germinate by breaking the chest in three to five days, and the plant ash contains alkali, so that the soil can be disinfected and the disease resistance of the seedlings can be improved. The seeds can sprout and emerge to grow one leaf of seedling in 5-7 days, the seedling grows one leaf and one needle in 5-10 days, the seedling begins to tillere when the seedling grows three leaves and one needle in 10-15 days, the seedling tilleres 3-5 forks in 15-25 days, and then the transplanting to the field can be started. Transplanting wild rice into field 5 days before transplanting seedling into field.
Step S40: cultivating, watering the sowing area for 1-2 times respectively in the morning and evening until the seedlings grown from the seeds tiller 3-5 times, transplanting the seedlings to a field which is transplanted with wild rice 5 days before, and cultivating until the rice is mature, wherein 2 rows of dry rice are planted for each wild rice; the wild rice is drought-resistant, cold-resistant, disease-resistant and lodging-resistant wild rice collected in a high mountain area with the altitude of more than 1200 m and has a developed root system.
Step S50: and (4) selecting seeds from the harvested rice ears, and continuing to hybridize the selected seeds in the next year by adopting the steps S10-S50 to obtain the hybrid seeds of the ratoon rice through hybridization for 3-6 years.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the obtained hybrid seeds have wider applicability than the existing rice and dry rice, can be planted and popularized in dry lands all over the country and all over the world, such as northern great plains, Henan, Hebei, Gansu, inner Mongolia desert lands and southern dry lands, and can improve the utilization rate of land resources; the production cost is greatly reduced for the rice grower, the rice grower does not need to buy seeds every year, the seed purchasing cost is saved, the rice grower does not need to cultivate land every year, the land cost and the land labor are saved, and the fertilizer, the time and the expense in the processes of seedling raising and transplanting are saved; the ratoon rice obtains the disease resistance of the wild rice through multiple hybridization of the wild rice and the conventional dry rice, is not easy to cause insect pests, saves the expense and labor for spraying pesticides, reduces pesticide pollution of the rice, is more environment-friendly, and solves the defects of time and labor waste caused by non-renewable rice in the existing rice grain planting method.
Preferably, after the seed selection step, the method further comprises:
step S60: cultivating the obtained hybrid seeds according to the steps of seed soaking, germination accelerating, sowing and cultivating until the rice is mature;
step S70: harvesting, namely harvesting the rice field to leave grain roots;
step S80: and (4) cultivating the new seedlings, namely cultivating the new seedlings on the rice roots in the next year until the rice is mature.
After multiple tests, the yield of green seedlings on the roots of the regenerated rice in the next year is about 600 jin. The whole growth period of the ratoon rice is about 240 days, the root system is strong and developed, the seedling height is about 1.4 meters, the leaf surface is dark green, the width is about 5 centimeters, the leaf length is about 15 centimeters, the root is similar to that of a bamboo verbena, and 5 to 10 centimeters each leaf is 5 leaves.
Taking the regenerated rice planted in Huai city \28294u, Mi county, Hunan province in 2018 as an example, the green seedlings are newly generated on the rice roots harvested in 2018 under the conditions of 4-14 months in 2019, 6 days before grain rain and 12-25 ℃ of air temperature. Then, under the conditions of 15-25 ℃ in rainy days and 26 ℃ of average temperature, newly-grown rice begins to spike in 7-20 days in 2019, flowers are raised and pollinated from 11-13 days in sunny days, the air temperature is 20-35 ℃ in rainy days, 18-30 ℃ in rainy days, and the pollination is started to enter the pulp in about 5 days (namely about 25 days in 7 and 25 months in 2019), the pulp is dried and yellow edges are formed in 5 days in 8 and 5 days in 18 months in 2019, the pulp is basically full yellow in 15 days in 8 and 15 days in 2019, and the air temperature is 25-35 ℃, the grains are semicircular, green yellow and white and green.
To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a ratoon rice seed obtained by the ratoon rice cultivation method as described in any one of the above.
Example one
The method for cultivating the ratoon rice provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step S10: soaking seeds, namely soaking the seeds of the conventional upland rice as female parents in biological liquid medicine for 24 hours in grain rain seasons. Soaking every kilogram of seeds in 2 kilograms of biological liquid medicine, wherein the female parent is the conventional rice of Ten brilliant rice. Wherein the biological liquid medicine is prepared by decocting cortex Cinnamomi, radix Campanumoeae, radix Linderae, rabbit hair, Polygoni Multiflori radix, and rhizoma Polygonati in water for 2.5 h. The weight parts of the guangui are 15 parts, the weight parts of the campanumoea javanica are 14 parts, the weight parts of the radix linderae are 6 parts, the weight parts of the rabbit hair are 4 parts, the weight parts of the fleece-flower root are 22 parts, the weight parts of the rhizoma polygonati are 13 parts, and the weight parts of water are 90 parts.
Step S20: accelerating germination, namely fishing out the soaked seeds, putting the seeds into a sterilized cloth bag, covering the cloth bag filled with the seeds with 12 cm of straws, placing the cloth bag in the sun for insolation, preserving the heat at the temperature of between 20 and 30 ℃, and watering warm water for 2 to 3 times in the morning and evening every day until the seeds germinate;
step S30: and (4) sowing, namely uniformly sowing the germinated seeds in the prepared soil, and covering sterile plant ash with the thickness of 10 mm. The seeds germinate by breaking the chest in three to five days, and the plant ash contains alkali, so that the soil can be disinfected and the disease resistance of the seedlings can be improved.
Step S40: cultivating, watering the sowing area for 1-2 times respectively in the morning and evening until the seedlings grown from the seeds tiller 3-5 times, transplanting the seedlings to a field which is transplanted with wild rice 5 days before, and cultivating until the rice is mature, wherein 2 rows of dry rice are planted for each wild rice; the wild rice is drought-resistant, cold-resistant, disease-resistant and lodging-resistant wild rice collected in a high mountain area with the altitude of 1300 m or more and has a developed root system.
Step S50: and (4) selecting seeds, selecting seeds from the harvested rice ears, and continuing to hybridize the selected seeds in the next year by adopting the steps S10-S50 to obtain the hybrid seeds of the regenerated rice through 4-year hybridization.
Preferably, after the seed selection step, the method further comprises:
step S60: cultivating the obtained hybrid seeds according to the steps of seed soaking, germination accelerating, sowing and cultivating until the rice is mature;
step S70: harvesting, namely harvesting the rice field to leave grain roots;
step S80: and (4) cultivating the new seedlings, namely cultivating the new seedlings on the rice roots in the next year until the rice is mature.
Example two
The method for cultivating the ratoon rice provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step S10: soaking seeds, namely soaking the seeds of the conventional upland rice as female parents in a biological liquid medicine for 26 hours in the grain rain season. Soaking every kilogram of seeds in 2.5 kilograms of biological liquid medicine, wherein the female parent is the conventional rice with ten brilliant glutinous rice. Wherein the biological liquid medicine is prepared by decocting cortex cinnamomi japonici, radix codonopsis pilosulae, radix linderae, rabbit hair, fleece-flower root and rhizoma polygonati in water for 2.8 hours. The weight parts of the guangui are 12 parts, the weight parts of the campanumoea javanica are 13 parts, the weight parts of the radix linderae are 7 parts, the weight parts of the rabbit hair are 4.5 parts, the weight parts of the fleece-flower root are 24 parts, the weight parts of the rhizoma polygonati are 14 parts, and the weight parts of water are 95 parts.
Step S20: accelerating germination, namely fishing out the soaked seeds, putting the seeds into a sterilized cloth bag, covering the cloth bag filled with the seeds with 14 cm of straws, placing the cloth bag under the sun for insolation, preserving the heat at the temperature of between 20 and 30 ℃, and watering warm water for 2 to 3 times in the morning and evening every day until the seeds germinate;
step S30: and (4) sowing, namely uniformly sowing the germinated seeds in the prepared soil, and covering sterile plant ash with the thickness of 11 mm. The seeds germinate by breaking the chest in three to five days, and the plant ash contains alkali, so that the soil can be disinfected and the disease resistance of the seedlings can be improved.
Step S40: cultivating, watering the sowing area for 1-2 times respectively in the morning and evening until the seedlings grown from the seeds tiller 3-5 times, transplanting the seedlings to a field which is transplanted with wild rice 5 days before, and cultivating until the rice is mature, wherein 2 rows of dry rice are planted for each wild rice; the wild rice is drought-resistant, cold-resistant, disease-resistant and lodging-resistant wild rice collected in a high mountain area with the altitude of more than 1200 m and has a developed root system.
Step S50: and (4) selecting seeds from the harvested rice ears, and continuing to hybridize the selected seeds in the next year by adopting the steps S10-S40 so as to obtain hybrid seeds of the regenerated rice through 5-year hybridization.
Preferably, after the seed selection step, the method further comprises:
step S60: cultivating the obtained hybrid seeds according to the steps of seed soaking, germination accelerating, sowing and cultivating until the rice is mature;
step S70: harvesting, namely harvesting the rice field to leave grain roots;
step S80: and (4) cultivating the new seedlings, namely cultivating the new seedlings on the rice roots in the next year until the rice is mature.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A method for cultivating ratoon rice is characterized by comprising the following steps:
soaking seeds, namely soaking seeds with a biological liquid medicine by taking the conventional upland rice as a female parent in grain rain seasons;
accelerating germination, namely fishing out the soaked seeds, putting the seeds into a sterilized cloth bag, covering the cloth bag filled with the seeds with a heat insulation layer, exposing the cloth bag to the sun, preserving the heat at the temperature of 20-30 ℃, and watering warm water for 2-3 times in the morning and evening every day until the seeds germinate;
sowing, namely uniformly sowing the germinated seeds in the prepared soil, and covering sterile plant ash;
cultivating, watering the sowing area for 1-2 times respectively in the morning and evening until the seedlings grown from the seeds tiller 3-5 times, transplanting the seedlings to a field which is transplanted with wild rice 5 days before, and cultivating until the rice is mature, wherein 2 rows of dry rice are planted for each wild rice;
and (4) selecting seeds, selecting seeds from the harvested rice ears, and continuing to hybridize the selected seeds in the next year by adopting the steps so as to obtain hybrid seeds through multi-year hybridization.
2. The method for cultivating ratoon rice as claimed in claim 1, further comprising, after the step of selecting seeds:
cultivating the obtained hybrid seeds according to the steps of seed soaking, germination accelerating, sowing and cultivating until the rice is mature;
harvesting, namely harvesting the rice field to leave grain roots;
and (4) cultivating the new seedlings, namely cultivating the new seedlings on the rice roots in the next year until the rice is mature.
3. The method for cultivating ratoon rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the female parent is conventional rice of ten-brilliant-glutinous or victory-glutinous type, and the wild rice is drought-resistant, cold-resistant, disease-resistant, lodging-resistant and developed root system, which is collected at an elevation of 1000 m or more.
4. The method for cultivating ratooning rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biological liquid is prepared by decocting guangui, campanumoea, lindera aggregate, rabbit hair, polygonum multiflorum and polygonatum.
5. The method for cultivating ratoon rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soaking time of the bio-chemical is 20-28 h.
6. The method for cultivating ratooning rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the insulating layer is rice straw or gauze.
7. The ratooning rice cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the plant ash has a thickness of 8 to 12 mm.
8. A ratooning rice seed, obtainable by the method of ratooning rice according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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CN111296274A (en) * 2020-02-21 2020-06-19 芜湖市星火农业实用技术研究所 Rice variety breeding method of ratoon rice
CN114847102A (en) * 2022-04-24 2022-08-05 安徽真金彩种业有限责任公司 Cultivation method of rice with high drought resistance

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CN109258355A (en) * 2018-08-31 2019-01-25 长沙顺意农业开发有限公司 A kind of implantation methods regenerating rice
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WO2015088933A1 (en) * 2013-12-09 2015-06-18 Board Of Supervisors Of Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College Rice cultivar designated 'cl271'
CN103782857A (en) * 2014-01-23 2014-05-14 胡代书 Cultivating method and seedling planting method of cross-year regrowing rice seeds
CN106550831A (en) * 2015-09-29 2017-04-05 重庆格雷恩农业开发有限公司 The plantation of the perennial organic Se-rich paddy rice of peaceful rice and cultural method
CN108901695A (en) * 2017-04-26 2018-11-30 谌锡 A kind of breeding method of high yield rice
CN107278416A (en) * 2017-07-17 2017-10-24 李和平 A kind of implantation methods of high-quality ratooning rice
CN107278418A (en) * 2017-07-26 2017-10-24 安徽省福宁米业有限公司 A kind of vernalization, the method for cultivating rice seedling
CN108293743A (en) * 2017-10-25 2018-07-20 德宏州农业机械化技术推广站 A kind of machine-transplanted rice seedling culture method
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CN109258355A (en) * 2018-08-31 2019-01-25 长沙顺意农业开发有限公司 A kind of implantation methods regenerating rice
CN109328933A (en) * 2018-11-29 2019-02-15 王文斌 A kind of high yield regeneration paddy rice planting method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111296274A (en) * 2020-02-21 2020-06-19 芜湖市星火农业实用技术研究所 Rice variety breeding method of ratoon rice
CN114847102A (en) * 2022-04-24 2022-08-05 安徽真金彩种业有限责任公司 Cultivation method of rice with high drought resistance

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