CN101595799A - The kipeming high yield cultivation method of taro - Google Patents
The kipeming high yield cultivation method of taro Download PDFInfo
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- CN101595799A CN101595799A CNA2009101290335A CN200910129033A CN101595799A CN 101595799 A CN101595799 A CN 101595799A CN A2009101290335 A CNA2009101290335 A CN A2009101290335A CN 200910129033 A CN200910129033 A CN 200910129033A CN 101595799 A CN101595799 A CN 101595799A
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Abstract
The present invention is the agricultural planting technique of new and high technology openly, is specifically related to the kipeming high yield cultivation method of taro.The present invention is growth characteristics of utilizing " taro ", create approximate required space, temperature, the illumination condition of plant, through seedling, plastic mulching are selected, cultivated intensely, apply fertilizers scientifically, urge to the breeding of " taro ", sow ahead of time, rational close planting, take pains to foster, measure such as field management, make the taro cultivation by doing sth. in advance April to early December last year, collecting time is from October, ahead of time to annual early July-early August, per mu yield is by the 900-1000 kilogram, bring up to the 2000-2500 kilogram, the per mu yield value is brought up to 3500 yuan from 1100 yuan.The kipeming high yield cultivation method of taro.Can reach large-scale industrialized production, regulate taro and go on the market season, satisfy the process requirements of food industry, the purpose that play premature labor, increase production, increases income taro.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the agricultural planting field of new and high technology, be specifically related to a kind of " high-yield cultivating method of taro ".
Background technology
The invention belongs to the innovation and creation of individual production practices, the experience of planting experimentally in existing 5 years, non-avaible of the present invention can be sought, and can't quote as proof.
" running three and close six harbours, ate Fenghua taro head " is that ancient times is to the informed portrayal of Ningbo people.Taro is a Behavior product of Ningbo of Zhejiang, especially " Fenghua taro head " especially the name Yang Sihai the Ningbo special product, people are to the Jiang Jieshi native place---and Fenghua Xi Kou goes tourism, Chinese invention patent product---" taro cake " and Fenghua special product " smelly taro obstructs " wanting invariably that product taste on " Fenghua taro head " and produced by Fenghua City Xi Kou gantry multi-layer steamed bread factory.
Up to the present, existing 3 of China's patent of invention of relevant taro, they are: patent application number: 200410035609.9, by " processing methods of taro stalk vegetables " of Qingdao Hualing Food Co., Ltd.; Patent application number: 0013840.0, by " preparation method of taro cake " of Fenghua City Xi Kou gantry multi-layer steamed bread factory; With patent application number: 200610030777.8, " deep fried chip of taro and preparation method thereof " of Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, it is the retrofit of taro food, to exploitation taro resource, improve the economic benefit of agricultural product and created condition, still, traditional taro culture technique, the results evening of taro, yield poorly, reality of poor benefits, restrict the development of taro agricultural production, can not satisfy the needs of modern food processing industry simultaneously.
For a change traditional taro planting type, I plant experimentally and invent the precocious efficiency cultivation technology for high of taro through science, achieve success.Can both realize this technology by the training technique personnel.
Traditional taro is planted in annual April, gather in October, by precocious efficiency cultivation technology for high---the plastic mulching of invention taro, seedling is selected, cultivated intensely, applies fertilizers scientifically, urges to breeding, sow ahead of time, rational close planting, take pains to foster, measure such as field management, make the taro cultivation by doing sth. in advance April to early December last year, collecting time is from October, ahead of time to annual early July-early August, per mu yield is by the 900-1000 kilogram, bring up to the 2000-2500 kilogram, the per mu yield value is brought up to 3500 yuan from 1100 yuan.
Summary of the invention
The kipeming high yield cultivation method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of taro, select taro precocity, high yield improved seeds for use, adopt high-yield culture technique---plastic mulching, vernalization ahead of time, sow ahead of time, the rational application of fertilizer, take pains to foster, measures such as field management, preventing disease pest control, realize that taro is early sowed, gather morning, early go public, high yield, improve agricultural income, satisfy food industry processing needs.
The main culture technique feature of invention is:
1, select breeding for use, carry out early, middle and late ripe variety matching plantation:
Select for use morning in maturing stage, output height, of fine quality, food mouthful good, the adaptable taro kind of property to carry out reasonably combined plantation.Select that stature is even, terminal bud is healthy and strong, complete, anosis insect bite spot, single heavy 50 grams taro or the female taro to 75 grams do kind of a taro.Carry out early, middle and late ripe variety matching plantation:
Selecting the taro kind earlier will be based on the improved seeds in the place that adapts to plantation, select earlier the maturing stage early, improved seeds that output is high.Taro is divided by the color of taro stalk, can be divided into blue or green stalk taro, black stalk taro, red stalk taro, white bar taro etc.Blue or green bar taro precocity, taro shape is long little, yields poorly, and general per mu yield is about the 600-800 kilogram, but listing is early, the price height.Ripe in the crow stalk taro, taro shape circle is big, the output height, and general per mu yield is about the 900-1100 kilogram.The red stalk taro in Fenghua, product are of fine quality, output is high, and are ripe late, and taro shape is big, and general per mu yield can reach more than the 1500-2000 kilogram, fragrant round-grained rice taro, taro shape is big, the output height, per mu yield 2000-2500 kilogram, market sale is good, but listing is slower.
Take all factors into consideration market and seasonal factor, existing more options crow stalk taro or the red stalk taro in Fenghua or fragrant round-grained rice taro are govern-house-variety.
The early, middle and late ripe kind plantation of can suitably arranging in pairs or groups that cultivated area is big, early, middle and late ripe blue or green stalk taro, black stalk taro, red bar taro, favourable staggering of fragrant round-grained rice taro go on the market season, increase economic efficiency.
From now on, because the invention of " the kipeming high yield cultivation method of taro " and applying, the early, middle and late ripe kind of taro will not be limited, and can regulate the planting season of taro, regulate the maturing stage of taro.
2, meticulous whole field uses sufficient base manure.
Taro is avoided continuous cropping, select for use soil layer deep, and fertile loose, the row of filling is convenient, do not plant the loam of taro in two years, after the late rice harvesting, turned over early, froze solarization, and began to turn over wholely in early December, meticulous whole furrow, furrow connect furrow width 1.5-1.6 rice, wherein furrow face width 1.3-1.4 rice.Use sufficient the base manure foot, fertilizer and chemical fertilizer collocation are used, and general mu is executed 1000 to 2000 kilograms of hurdle fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer 25-30 kilogram, and 500 to 750 kilograms of scorched clay dusts or ash 150-300 kilogram are made base manure.
3, cultivate in employing Pregermination and seedling breeding, seedbed, plant morning, nuisanceless plastic mulching high-yield culture technique.
(1) Pregermination and seedling breeding: at the beginning of 12 months, choose the taro breeding after, plant with sub-taro or female taro, basked seeds earlier 2～3 days, and the leaf sheath that will dry up removes so that contact, absorb moisture, stratification with soil.And then select leeward area without shade to be incubated Pregermination and seedling breeding; Method is: earlier spread one deck mulch film or film on the ground, put a little soft wet straw on the film, again at the thin mellow soil of careless upper berth 5-6 centimetre humidity, with the taro bud upwards, arrange 6～7 layers then, after cover the thin mellow soil of 5～6 centimetres of humidities again, cover very thin one deck straw, with the heat of abundant absorption sunlight; At last, cover film, sealing all around, make germination bed temperature remain on 10 ℃-15 ℃ or more at film loam cake straw screen or mat evening, and the vernalization through 8～10 days when the taro bud grows 2～3 centimetres of left and right sides, is sowed in the bed of growing seedlings again.
(2) the sowing in bed kind of growing seedlings: the seedbed will be chosen in leeward area without shade equally, general bedside 1.2-1.5 rice, and about native degree of depth 30-35 centimetre of bed requires a bed soil loosening, nutrient is complete, fertilizer efficiency is sufficient, and moisture is moderate, the loam reasonable mixture ratio.The specification of growing seedlings is row, each 14-16 of spacing in the rows centimetre, and sowing depth is imbedded soil for well with bud; After sowing was good, on the taro seedling, very thin diffusing one deck straw or ash to guarantee to absorb amount of solar heat, kept taro to absorb moisture content.Broadcast back tiling mulch film, take small arched shed again and cover the film insulation.Temperature remains on 13～16 ℃, 10～12 ℃ of nights daytime in the bed; After bud is unearthed, throw off mulch film, and look soil moisture and keep the skin wet,, when reaching three leaves, seedling age can transplant the land for growing field crops wholeheartedly the time.
(3), in good time early plant: change the field and grow seedlings and grow seedlings, change the open country plantation and be the cultivation of plastic mulching heat preservation technology for concentrating, planting period is done sth. in advance in 12 months, the last ten-days period are to early January.
By Pregermination and seedling breeding to the taro kind, cultivate in the seedbed, when reaching three leaves, the taro seedling age can transplant land for growing field crops S-younger transplantation of seedlings to the land for growing field crops wholeheartedly the time, be to prevent of the harm of frost low temperature during transplanting, accomplish when accomplishing the empty plantation of a seedling one, plantation that the dell kind plants, make kind of a good Yu Nai S-younger seedling be lower than 10-15 centimetre in furrow face Yu Nai S-younger seedling, be convenient to plastic mulching, change the open country plantation and be the cultivation of nuisanceless plastic mulching insulation high yield technique.Impel the taro seedling to grow up fast, strive for high yield, precocity, good harvest.
4, rational close planting: 0.4 meter of spacing in the rows, 0.7 meter of line-spacing is planted taro seedling 2000-2200 strain for every mu surely, guarantees that the taro growth has sufficient sunlight.
5, field management.Long during to the 4-5 leaf when the taro seedling, the mean temperature of air of this moment is wanted timely rupture of membranes more than 10 ℃ the time, builds mud around seedling, and seedling in time is unearthed in case the hyperthermal injury seedling.Long during at seedling to the 4-6 leaf, the weeds that should in time pull out taro strain pin, and mu executes that 20 kilograms in urea topdresses or every mu execute 15% human excrement.The 500-1000 kilogram removes mulch film, and corrugate lifts furrow on the mud, and protection taro does not go out green grass or young crops vegetative period, carries out simultaneously to pour water, draining, put field management; After mould season, note arid, as finding the just necessary moisturizing drought resisting of taro leaf withering at noon, can irritate horse race water, remaining taro field ditch bottom has water.Suitably cut off the water supply in the taro peak of growing season, prevent blade excessive growth, reach upper-controlling-lower-promoting, but can not be too dried, the soil cracking prevented.Executed tiller fertilizer, knot taro fertilizer,, executed high-quality person poultry muck 700-1000 kilogram for every mu respectively, or to execute total content be that 25% nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium is topdressed, tie to protect that taro is many, output is high in the early June and the last ten-days period.
6, ridging in time: ridging can improve output and the commodity of taro, and the quality of ridging is very big to taro output and appearance effects.A group taro protuberance 2-3 taro, can earth up when cotyledon is extracted ground out, the bottom not had leaf and cotyledon is pressed in the soil together, then the thin earth in the ditch be pasted over, can reduce the pine torch taro like this, increase dark sub-taro, thereby improve quality and the commercial value of taro.
7, diseases and pests controlling: be that the Sheng of prodenia litura is sent out the phase July, and meeting gluttony blade can be selected pesticide control for use.The disease of taro mainly contains taro phytophthora blight and rot, two is sick many in hot and humid weather generation, remove and carry out crop rotation, select anosis kind for use, reduce blade injury, reduce outside the measure such as field humidity, can spray the wettable zineb of green prosperous No. two or 500～600 times 65% of 1: 200 bordeaux mixture or 600 times at the initial stage of a disease; Insect mainly contains two spotted spider mite and grub, and initial stage of origination can be respectively with reaching chemical controls such as mite spirit and Isofenphos methyl.
8, in time gather in the crops, satisfy the late rice plantation.According to market conditions and food industry process requirements to taro, generally early July taro begin listing, to about July 25, finished, late-maturing variety also can go on the market at the beginning of 8 months ahead of time, realize precocity, the high yield and efficient of taro, catch up with late rice and gathered before sowing season, satisfy the late rice plantation.
Embodiment
Example 1
The kipeming high yield culture technique of the taro of " giving taro No. 2 ":
1, soil condition.Selection sand is sticking moderate, soil layer is deep, and is fertile loose, irritates and arrange rice field-upland field rotation field piece easily.
2, select the wheel soil.Taro is avoided continuous cropping, need accomplish crop rotation, and with rice field-upland field rotation for well.
3, require: deep ploughing is rake carefully, the high furrow of zanjon wholely.Require furrow wide 1.5 meters, wherein furrow face width 1.3-1.4 rice.Furrow furrow width 0.25-0.30 rice, the furrow face is smooth.
4, base manure is required: fertilizer and chemical fertilizer collocation are used, and general mu is executed 1000 to 2000 kilograms of hurdle fertilizer, and nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer 25-30 kilogram are about 500 to 750 kilograms of scorched clay dusts, ash 150-300 kilogram.
5, plant taro selection and processing.Kind of taro is selected " giving taro No. 2 " earlier and should be suitable for the sub-taro of a generation and make the taro kind.Require every of kind of taro about the 50-65 gram, no pathology, free from insect pests, a mu sowing quantity is about the 140-150 kilogram.
6, basked seeds 2-3 days before broadcasting.
7, carry out vernalization.Carry out vernalization in late December.Germination accelerating method: the one, adopt greenhouse vernalization in the booth.The 2nd, local method vernalization, kind taro after basking seeds is tiled in seedling on the ground by individual, plant between the taro and had better not contact, in order to avoid germ is infected mutually, the selection plot is done and is wet suitably, sand glues moderate soil, spread the sandy soil of 8-10 cm thick, loose and go up very thin one deck straw, the heat with abundant absorption sunlight covers mulch film, allow soil temperature remains on more than 15 ℃ daytime under the film, remain on evening more than 10 ℃; Dig 15-20 centimetre of dark ditch all around, guarantee that draining is unimpeded.During as cold climate, but above layer overlay straw insulation.
8, early sowing in good time, rational close planting.When the taro bud grows to the 2-3 centimeter length, generally carrying out early sowing to early Febuary by the end of January.Require furrow wide 1.5 meters, furrow face width 1.3-1.4 rice wherein, furrow furrow width 0.25-0.30 rice, the furrow face is smooth.The plantation of promotion triplex row, spacing in the rows is about 0.30-0.35 rice, rational close planting is accomplished in every mu of 2700-2800 strain, makes the taro growth sunny.
9, use sufficient base manure, impose seed manure, knot taro fertilizer.Apply the fertile 1000-2000 kilogram of fertilizer or the hurdle/mu that becomes thoroughly decomposed during whole ground, hole base fertilizer is nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 25-30 kilogram/mu, covers a small amount of mud, puts kind then, covers pugil ash and fine earth, waters then or waters light night soil.Topdress seedling stage and add superphosphate and be advisable to execute light night soil.Earth up in conjunction with uprooting weed mid-May, and the visual growth of cereal crop seedlings imposes 20 kilograms/mu of composite fertilizers.Executed tiller fertilizer, knot taro fertilizer, the early June and the last ten-days period respectively every mu execute high-quality person poultry muck 700-1000 kilogram, or to execute total content be that 25% nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium is topdressed, and ties to protect that taro is many, output is high.
10, plastic mulching.Earlier use the Acetochlor weeding behind the sowing earthing, cover mulch film again.Note 5 points during the lid mulch film:
(1) to squirt soil earlier, evenly spray Acetochlor again.
(2) mulch film will cover bank and tight with soil pressure.
Be strictly on guard against when (3) emerging that the seedling point burns, must every day timely rupture of membranes reveal seedling.
(4) to use the soil pressure film behind the dew seedling.
When (5) 4-5 month weather is hot, timely rupture of membranes.
11, ridging in time: ridging can improve output and the commodity of taro, and the quality of ridging is very big to taro output and appearance effects.A group taro protuberance 2-3 taro, can earth up when cotyledon is extracted ground out, the bottom not had leaf and cotyledon is pressed in the soil together, then the thin earth in the ditch be pasted over, can reduce the pine torch taro like this, increase dark sub-taro, thereby improve quality and the commercial value of taro.
12, field management.Want timely ditch cleaning draining in spring, plum rain season, can not be in furrow face, furrow ditch ponding.High temperature season will prevent arid seedling, can irritate horse race water infiltration furrow soil when soil turns white.The taro prodenia litura can be alternately with pressing down hooligan, the happy control of farmland.Taro phytophthora blight and rot, two is sick many in hot and humid weather generation, except that carrying out crop rotation, selecting anosis kind for use, reduce blade injury, reduce outside the measure such as field humidity, can spray the wettable zineb of green prosperous No. two or 500～600 times 65% of 1: 200 bordeaux mixture or 600 times at the initial stage of a disease; Insect mainly contains two spotted spider mite and grub, and initial stage of origination can be respectively with reaching chemical controls such as mite spirit and Isofenphos methyl.
The kipeming high yield cultivation method of taro can reach large-scale industrialized production, regulates taro and goes on the market season, satisfies the process requirements of food industry to taro, the purpose that play premature labor, increase production, increases income.
Claims (4)
1, the invention belongs to the agricultural planting technique of new and high technology, be specifically related to " the kipeming high yield cultivation method of taro ".The present invention is growth characteristics of utilizing " taro ", create approximate required space, temperature, the illumination condition of plant, through seedling, plastic mulching are selected, cultivated intensely, apply fertilizers scientifically, urge to the breeding of " taro ", sow ahead of time, rational close planting, take pains to foster, measure such as field management, make the taro cultivation by doing sth. in advance April to early December last year, collecting time is from October, ahead of time to annual early July-early August, per mu yield is by the 900-1000 kilogram, bring up to the 2000-2500 kilogram, the per mu yield value is brought up to 3500 yuan from 1100 yuan.
2, described technology can both realize this technology by the training technique personnel.
3, described particular content comprises the early, middle and late ripe variety matching plantation of breeding selection, implementation of " taro ", and meticulous whole field applies fertilizers scientifically, and cultivate in employing Pregermination and seedling breeding, seedbed, plant morning, nuisanceless plastic mulching high-yield culture technique; Rational close planting, field management, time spent ridging, diseases and pests controlling, in time results.
4, described " taro kipeming high yield cultivation method ".Can reach large-scale industrialized production, regulate taro and go on the market season, satisfy the process requirements of food industry, the purpose that play the taro premature labor, increase production, increases income taro.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102893784A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-01-30 | 上海扬升农副产品专业合作社 | Method for planting improved red-bud taro |
| CN103069988A (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2013-05-01 | 武汉市蔬菜科学研究所 | Taro sexual reproduction breeding method |
| CN104145679A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-11-19 | 江西省江天农业科技有限公司 | Forcing planting method for colocasia esulenla schott |
| CN105594424A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-25 | 狄正兴 | Method for high-yield planting of taros by covering field with straw |
| CN115152557A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-10-11 | 太仓市农业技术推广中心 | Method for cultivating and planting taros in greenhouse |
-
2009
- 2009-03-13 CN CNA2009101290335A patent/CN101595799A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102893784A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-01-30 | 上海扬升农副产品专业合作社 | Method for planting improved red-bud taro |
| CN103069988A (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2013-05-01 | 武汉市蔬菜科学研究所 | Taro sexual reproduction breeding method |
| CN104145679A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-11-19 | 江西省江天农业科技有限公司 | Forcing planting method for colocasia esulenla schott |
| CN105594424A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-25 | 狄正兴 | Method for high-yield planting of taros by covering field with straw |
| CN115152557A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-10-11 | 太仓市农业技术推广中心 | Method for cultivating and planting taros in greenhouse |
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Open date: 20091209 |