CN1107463A - 不对称取代的二氨基二羧酸衍生物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

不对称取代的二氨基二羧酸衍生物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN1107463A
CN1107463A CN94116814A CN94116814A CN1107463A CN 1107463 A CN1107463 A CN 1107463A CN 94116814 A CN94116814 A CN 94116814A CN 94116814 A CN94116814 A CN 94116814A CN 1107463 A CN1107463 A CN 1107463A
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J·海尔堡
F·罗文茨基
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Hafslund Nycomed Pharma AG
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Abstract

本发明涉及I式的新的不对称取代的二氨基二 羧酸衍生物和其用混合的科尔伯合成的制备方法。

Description

本发明涉及新的不对称取代的二氨基二羧酸衍生物及其制备方法。
不对称取代的二氨基二羧酸衍生物是肽合成的有用的中间体。
在J.org.Chem.1980,45,3078-3080中,描述了不对称取代的二氨基二羧酸衍生物,其用混合的科尔伯(Kolbe)合成法来制备。其中对称副产物的分离是不成功的。从Tetrahedron  Lett.30,1982,33,4727-4730中还知道用复杂的九步对映选择合成法来制备不对称取代的二氨基二羧酸衍生物。
意想不到的是现已发现了新的不对称取代的二氨基二羧酸衍生物,其是肽合成的有用的中间体,并是含有非天然氨基酸的化合物。
因此,本发明是涉及下式的不的不对称取代的二氨基二羧酸衍生物。
式中:
A和B在各种情况下相互独立地代表-OR基,其中R代表含有1-10个碳原子的任意地单或多卤代的直链,支链或环状的烷基、苯基或-CH2-X基,其中X代表9-芴基、苯基、-OCH3、-CH2SO2CH3、-CH2SO2C6H5、-CCl3、-CH2-Y,其中Y代表卤素、对甲苯磺酰基、苯基或被卤素、-NO2或烷氧基任意地单或多个取代的苯甲酰甲基、二苯基甲基、三苯基甲基、2-吡啶基或-SiR1R2R3基,其中R1、R2、和R3基在各种情况下相互独立地可代表含有1-4个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基或苯基,
E和F在各种情况下代表含有1-10个碳原子的任意卤代的直链、支链或环状的烷基,或下式的基
式中W可代表9-芴基甲基或被卤素、-NO2、烷氧基或-CN或其中几个基团任意地单或多个取代的苄基,如果去掉氢原子,取代基E和F与氮原子一起形成下列环系中的一个:
Figure 94116814X_IMG10
上式中,如果A和B基不同,E和F可相同或不同,另一方面,如果A和B基相同,E和F一定不同。
n代表2-10的整数,分子中的手性中心由使用的起始原料确定,二者都可具有L构型,或者二者分别具有D或D,L或L,D构型。
本发明还涉及用混合的科尔伯合成法制备不对称取代的二氨基二羧酸衍生物的方法,其特征在于下式的保护的氨基酸衍生物
式中A和E具有上述定义,而K代表一整数,与下式的氨基酸衍生物
Figure 94116814X_IMG12
式中B和F具有上述定义,而L代表一整数,K加L等于n,在铂金丝-石英电极上进行电解。
在式Ⅰ,Ⅱ和Ⅲ中,在各种情况下A和B都代表-OR基,其中R代表具有1-10个碳原子的任意地单或多个卤代的直链、支链或环状的烷基,例如任意卤代的甲基、乙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基等,卤代的环已基、环戊基或环丁基,或苯基。
R还可代表-CH2-X基,其中X代表9-芴基、苯基、-OCH3、-CH2SO2CH3、-CH2SO2C6H5、-CCl3、-CH2-Y,而Y是卤素、对甲苯磺酰基、苯基或被卤素、-NO2或烷氧基任意地单或多取代的苯甲酰甲基,例如对溴苯甲酰甲基、对氯苯甲酰甲基、等等,二苯基甲基、三苯基甲基、2吡啶基,或-SiR1R2R3基团,其中R1,R2和R3在各种情况下或独立地代表含有1-4个碳原子的直链或支链烷基或苯基
优选的A和B代表-OR基,其中R代表9-芴基甲基、取代或未取代的苯基、苄基、苯甲酰甲基或任意卤代的具有1-4个碳原子的直链或支链烷基。
E和F基团在各种情况下代表任意卤代的具有1-10个碳原子的直链、支链或环状的烷基,例如可任意地单或多个卤代的甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、戊基或己基,等等、
E和F基还可代表下式的基
Figure 94116814X_IMG13
式中W代表9-芴基甲基或被卤素、NO2、烷氧基或-CN或其中几个基团任意地单或多个取代的苄基,例如溴苄基、二溴苄基、氯苄基、二氯苄基、硝基苄基、甲氧基苄基或氰基苄基,等等。
如果氢原子去掉,取代基E和F还可形成一个上面已指出的环系。
在各种情况下优选的E和F基代表下式的基
Figure 94116814X_IMG14
式中W代表9-芴基甲基、任意取代的苄基或含有1-4个碳原子的直链或支链烷基。
如果A和B基不同,二羧酸氨基官能团上的取代基可以相同或不同。如果A和B基相同,二羧酸氨基官能团上的取代基一定不同。
二羧酸的手性中心由使用的起始原料的选择来确定。它们两者都可以具有D构型,或者两者分别具有L或D,L或L,D构型,例如在使用N-E-D-谷氨酸A酯和N-F-L-谷氨酸B酯时,得到N′-E-N″-F-2,7-D,L-2,7-二氨基辛二酸单A酯单B酯。
本发明的不对称取代的二羧酸衍生物可以由混合的科尔伯合成法来制备。在该方法中,合适的保护的氨基酸衍生物在铂金丝-石英电极上进行电解。起始化合物在文献中是已知的,或者可用本技术领域中熟练的技术人员熟知的方法制备。
将氨基酸衍生物溶于在反应条件下是惰性的溶剂中。合适的溶剂是例如低级脂肪醇,如甲醇、乙醇、丙醇或异丙醇,或杂环溶剂,如吡啶,或二甲基甲酰胺、乙腈、硝基甲烷,或上述溶剂的混合物。
在电解槽中加入碱性溶液,例如在醇溶液中的碱金属如甲醇中的甲醇钠或乙醇中的乙醇钾。
电解在冷却条件下在铂金丝-石英电极上进行,优选的温度保持在18-25℃。电解中的电流强度在使用60-120V电压下为约5-15A,其与使用电极的几何形状无关。当电解液中的起始原料不能再测出时电解过程就结束了。
然后,电解溶液在低压下任意浓缩,剩余物溶于合适的溶剂如乙酸乙酯中,该溶液依次用稀酸如稀盐酸,饱和盐溶液如饱和碳酸氢钠溶液,和饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤。该溶液再用合适的干燥剂如硫酸钠或硫酸镁,过滤,和在低压下再任意浓缩。
剩余物用色谱如硅胶色谱提纯,其可以分离出对称取代的副产物。该反应收率高达理论量的10-15%,得到需要的不对称取代的最终产物。
实施例1:
在搅拌下将29.41g(96mmol)N-叔丁氧羰基谷氨酸α-叔丁酯和35.63g(96mmol)N-苄氧羰基谷氨酸α-苄酯溶于240ml和MeOH和80ml吡啶中。反应溶液加入装有圆柱形排列的铂金丝-石英电极的电解池中。电解池用MeOH清洗,并加入MeOH,直到两个电极完全浸没。然后加入0.8ml NaOCH3(30%MeOH溶液),电解池被很好冷却。当反应溶液冷却到15℃时,将铂金丝-石英电极接通电源。通过控制温度和电流强度或电压(5-15A,60-120V)使反应温度保持在+18°至+24℃。反应过程由TLC检验。反应完成后反应溶液在40℃的旋转蒸发器中浓缩。
科尔伯合成得到的剩余物溶于500ml乙酸乙酯中,首先用稀HCl溶液(25ml浓HCl用H2O稀释至250ml),然后用250ml饱和NaHCO3溶液,最后每次用250ml饱和NaCl溶液洗涤,直到水呈中性。
有机相用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并蒸发。蒸发剩余物:58.17g。蒸发剩余物用硅胶过滤,用HPLC分离。
产量:4.5g纯的N′-苄氧羰基-N″-叔丁氧羰基-2,7-二氨辛二酸单苄酯单叔丁酯(理论量的10%),m.p.51-56℃,[α]D=-21.5℃。
下列化合物用相似方法制备:
No A B E F n
2 苄基 甲基 丁氧羰基 丁氧羰基 4
3 苄基 苄基 丁氧羰基 苄氧羰基 4
4 苄基 甲苯磺酰乙基 丁氧羰基 苄氧羰基 4
5 苄基 甲苯横酰乙基 丁氧羰基 丁氧羰基 4
6 苄基 甲苯横酰乙基 丁氧羰基 苄氧羰基 3
7 苄基 甲苯横酰乙基 丁氧羰基 苄氧羰基 2
8 苄基 甲基 丁氧羰基 苄氧羰基 3
9 苄基 苯甲酰甲基 丁氧羰基 苄氧羰基 3
10 苄基 三甲基甲硅基乙基 丁氧羰基 苄氧羰基 3
11 苄基 苄基 丁氧羰基 苄氧羰基 3
12 苄基 三  氯乙基 丁氧羰基 苄氧羰基 2
13 苄基 苄基 丁氧羰基 苄氧羰基 2
14 苄基 苯甲磺酰乙基 丁氧羰基 苄氧羰基 3
在实施例5和14中相应的D-和L-氨基酸衍生物以混合物形式使用。
上述化合物的化学数据,其中所用的缩写有下列含义:
缩写 含义
OBn 苄基
OMe 甲基
OEtTos 乙基甲苯磺酰基
OTBu 叔丁基
Boc 丁氧羰基
Z 苄氧羰基
SUB n=4
PIM n=3
ADT n=2
实施例1:Boc-Z-SUB-OtBu-OBn
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):24.80(CH2),24.82(CH2),28.02(O-t-Bu-CH3),28.34(Boc-CH3),32.52(CH3),32.72(CH2),53.82(CH),67.00和67.12(苄基-CH2),79.62(Boc的(CH33C)81.57((CH33Cof OtBu),128.09-128.63(芳族的C),135.36,136.30,155.34和155.87(氨基甲酸酯CO),171.86 172.22(CO).
Mp.51-56℃
[α]D=-21.5
实施例2:Di-Boc-SUB-OBn-OMe
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):24.82(2CH2),28.31(CH33C),32.49(CH2),32.54(CH2),52.18(OCH3),53.38(br s,2CH),66.99(benzyl-CH2),128.31,128.42,128.59,135.46,和155.32(2 氨基甲酸酯-CO),172.57 and 172.20(酯 CO).
M.p.55-59℃
[α]D=-24.9(1% in DMF)
实施例3:Boc-Z-SUB-Di-OBn
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):24.68(CH2),24.81(CH2),28.32(2(CH33C),32.47(2CH2),53.37(CH),53.83(CH),66.99(苄基-CH2),67.13(苄基-CH2),79.90((CH33C),128.10-128.63(芳族的C),135.33,135.46,136.28,155.30 和155.83(氨基甲酸酯CO),172.17and172.56(酯CO)M.P.65-67℃
[α]D=-1.4(5% in CHCl3
实施例4:Boc-Z-SUB-OBn-OEtTos
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):21.65(tolyl-CH3),24.65(CH2),24.81(CH2),28.32((CH33C),32.06(CH2),32.38(CH2),53.12(CH),53.80(CH),54.94(OCH2CH2SO2C7H7),58.27(OCH2CH2SO2C7H7),67.01(苄基-CH2),67.17(苄基-CH2),80.05((CH33C),128.12-128.65(芳族的C),130.08,135.32,136.27,145.23,155.26和155.90(氨基甲酸酯CO),172.15(2酯CO)
[α]D=+3.45(5% in CHCl3
实施例5:Di-Boc-D,L-SUB-OBn-OEtTos
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):21.63(tolyl-CH3),24.79(CH2),24.84(CH2),28.31(CH33C),32.13(CH2),32.52(CH2),53.23(br s,2CH),54.99(OCH2CH2SO2C7H7),58.28(OCH2CH2SO2C7H7),67.01(苄基-CH2),79.98(2(CH33C),128.13-128.61(芳族的C),135.45,136.35,145.21,155.30和155.83(氨基甲酸酯CO),172.11(2酯CO)
实施例6:Boc-Z-PIM-OBn-OEtTos
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):21.10(CH2),21.60(tolyl-CH3),28.31((CH33C),31.62(CH2),31.90(CH2),52.85(CH),53.55(CH),54.93(OCH2CH2SO2C7H7),58.32(OCH2CH2SO2C7H7),67.05和67.22(苄基-CH2),80.08((CH33C),128.11-128.66(芳族的C),130.05,135.31,136.25,145.21,155.45和155.83(氨基甲酸酯CO),171.97 and 172.08(酯CO)
实施例7:Boc-Z-ADr-OBn-OEtTos
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):21.60(tolyl-CH3),28.17((CH33C),28.29(CH2),52.79(CH),53.61(CH),54.87(OCH2CH2SO2C7H7),58.29(OCH2CH2SO2C7H7),67.04和67.31(苄基-CH2),80.18((CH33C),128.05-128.67(芳族的C),130.09,135.24,136.20,136.26,145.27和156.00(氨基甲酸酯CO),171.59和171.75(酯CO)
实施例8:Boc-Z-PIM-OBn-OMe
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):20.82(CH2),21.16(CH2),28.31((CH33C),31.97(CH2),32.17(CH2),52.23(OMe),52.93(CH),53.61(CH),67.07(苄基-CH2),80.01((CH33C),128.17-128.64(芳族的C),135.29,136.23,155.55和156.06(氨基甲酸酯CO),172.12 and173.06(酯CO)
实施例9:Boc-Z-PIM-OBn-OCH2COC6H3
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):20.82(2CH2),28.33((CH33C),31.86(CH2),32.16(CH2),53.08(CH),53.69(CH),66.35(OCH2COC6H5),66.97(苄基-CH2),67.13(苄基CH2),80.05((CH33C),127.77-128.89(芳族的C),133.99,135.43,136.36,155.51和156.17(氨基甲酸酯CO),172.16(2酯CO),191.61(OCH2COC6H5
实施例10:Boc-Z-PIM-OBn-OCH2CH2Si(CH33
13C-NMR(d6-DMSO,100MHz):-1.54((CH33Si),17.42(OCH2CH2Si(CH33),21.22(CH2),22.20(CH3),28.32((CH33C),31.91(CH2),32.34(CH2),53.01(CH),53.73(CH),63.74(OCH2CH2Si(CH33),67.05(苄基-CH2),67.17(苄基-CH2),79.89((CH33C),128.14,128.26,128.50,128.64,135.32,136.25,155.58和156.06(氨基甲酸酯CO),172.17和172.68(2酯CO)
实施例11:Boc-Z-PIM-Di-OBn
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):21.14(CH2),28.30((CH33C),31.92(CH2),32.16(CH2),53.07(CE),53.64(CH),67.06(2benzyl-CH2),67.18(苄基-CH2),79.98((CH33C),128.16,128.29,128.44,128.50,128.61,128.63,135.30,135.40,136.24,155.53和156.04(氨基甲酸酯CO),172.09和172.41(2酯CO).
实施例12:Boc-Z-ADI-OBn-OCH2CCl3
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):28.60((CH33C),29.25(CH2),30.00(CH2),53.34(CH),53.78(CH),74.67(OCH2CCl3),67.47(苄基-CH2),67.72(苄基-CH2),74.67(OCH2CCl3),80.69((CH33C),94.79(OCH2CCl3),128.42,128.54,128.74,128.87,128.96,129.02,135.43,136.46,155.53和156.17(氨基甲酸酯CO),171.09和171.96(2 CO)
实施例13:Boc-Z-ADI-Di-OBn
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):21.22(CH2),22.20(CH2),28.32((CH33C),31.91(CH2),32.34(CH2),53.01(CH),53.73(CH),63.74(OCH2CH2Si(CH33),67.05(苄基-CH2),67.17(苄基-CH2),79.89((CH33C),128.14,128.26,128.50,128.64,135.32,136.25,155.58和156.06(氨基甲酸酯CO),172.17和172.68(2酯CO)
实施例14:Boc-Z-D,L-PIM-OBn-OEtTos
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):20.98(CH2),21.58(tolyl-CH3),28.29((CH33C),31.77(CH2),31.93(CH2),52.98(CH),53.73(CH),54.94(OCH2CH2SO2C7H7),58.25(OCH2CH2SO2C7H7),67.00和67.15(苄基-CH2),80.10((CH33C),128.09-128.64(芳族的C),130.05,135.31,136.32,145.19,155.28和156.02(氨基甲酸酯CO),171.87和171.94,(酯CO)

Claims (4)

1、下式的不对称取代的二氨基二羧酸衍生物
Figure 94116814X_IMG2
式中:
A和B在各种情况下相互独立地代表-OR基,其中R代表含有1-10个碳原子的任意的单或卤代的直链,支链或环状的烷基、苯基或-CH2-X基,其中X代表9-芴基、苯基、OCH3、-CH2SO2CH3、-CH2SO2C6H5、-CCl3、-CH2-Y,其中Y代表卤素、对甲苯磺酰基、苯基或被卤素、-NO2或烷氧基任意地单或多取代的苯甲酰甲基、二苯基甲基、三苯基甲基、2-吡啶基或-SiR1R2R3基,其中R1、R2和R3基在各种情况下相互独立地可代表含有1-4个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基或苯基,
E和F在各种情况下代表含有1-10个碳原子的任意卤代的直链、支链或环状的烷基,或下式的基
Figure 94116814X_IMG3
式中W可代表9-,芴基甲基或被卤素、-NO2、烷氧基或-CN或其中几个基任意地单或多取代的苄基,如果去掉氢原子,取代基E和F与氮原子一起形成下列环系中的一个:
上式中,如果A和B基不同,E和F可相同或不同,另一方面,如果A和B基相同,E和F一定不同,
n代表2-10的整数,分子中的手性中心由使用的起始原料确定,二者都可具有L构型,或者二者分别具有D或D,L或L,D构型。
2、根据权利要求1的式Ⅰ的不对称取代的二氨基二羧酸衍生物,其中A和B代表-OR基,其中R代表9-芴基甲基或取代的或未取代的苯基、苄基或苯甲酰甲基、2-(2-吡啶基)乙基、2-对甲苯磺酰基乙基或任意卤代的含有1-4个碳原子的直链或支链烷基,E和F在各种情况下代表下式的基
Figure 94116814X_IMG5
式中W代表9-芴基甲基、任意取代的苄基或含有1-4个碳原子的直链或支链烷基,n代表2-10的整数。
3、用混合的科尔伯合成制备不对称取代的二氨基二羧酸衍生物的方法,其特征在于下式的保护的氨基酸衍生物
Figure 94116814X_IMG6
式中A和E具有上述含义,而K代表整数,与下式的氨基酸衍生物
Figure 94116814X_IMG7
式中B和F具有上述含义,而L代表整数,K加L等于n,在铂金丝-石英电极上进行电解。
4、根据权利要求3的方法,其特征在于电解温度用冷却保持在18-25℃。
CN94116814A 1993-08-20 1994-08-20 不对称取代的二氨基二羧酸衍生物及其制备方法 Pending CN1107463A (zh)

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