CN110731428A - puffed compound feed for breeding black fry eel - Google Patents

puffed compound feed for breeding black fry eel Download PDF

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CN110731428A
CN110731428A CN201911125862.6A CN201911125862A CN110731428A CN 110731428 A CN110731428 A CN 110731428A CN 201911125862 A CN201911125862 A CN 201911125862A CN 110731428 A CN110731428 A CN 110731428A
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parts
meal
mixture
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weight
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翁祥斌
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FUJIAN HAID FEEDS Co Ltd
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FUJIAN HAID FEEDS Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

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Abstract

The invention discloses puffed compound feeds for breeding black fry, which comprise, by weight, 48-50 parts of fish meal, 8-10 parts of chicken meal, 6-7 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 4-5 parts of fermented soybean meal, 1-2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 17-19 parts of wheat flour, 0.1-0.3 part of curcumin, 0.5-1.5 parts of sodium butyrate, 0.5-1.5 parts of fructooligosaccharide, 0.1-0.5 part of garlicin, 5-6 parts of sardine fish oil, 5-6 parts of soybean oil, 1-2 parts of multi-vitamin mixture and 1-2 parts of multi-mineral mixture.

Description

puffed compound feed for breeding black fry eel
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic feed manufacturing, in particular to an expanded compound feed for cultured black fry eels.
Background
The life pattern is opposite to the retrospective river migration of salmon, called as reduced sea migration (Catdromous), the life history is divided into 6 different development stages, and the Egg stage (Egg-stage), willow leaf (Leptocheuhua), Glass eel (Glass eel), eel line (eel), Yellow eel (Yellow) and Silver eel (Silver) of different body types and body colors are changed greatly in order to adapt to different environments.
The eel breeding in China is introduced into the breeding in China from Japan since the seventies and the eighties of the last century, the breeding is mainly distributed in Fujian and east, and the main varieties of the breeding comprise Japanese eels, American eels, European eels, flower eels and the like.
At present, the eel breeding status is that the fry stage is mainly the red worms, and the fry and adult stage is mainly the eel powder, although the eel breeding time is nearly thirty years, the breeding problems are more and more prominent, such as easy enteritis, size differentiation, low feed absorption rate, great water pollution and the like, therefore, feed products are urgently needed to solve the problems, and quality leaps are brought to the eel breeding.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide expanded compound feeds for breeding the black fry eels, which can improve the feed feeding rate, the feed dispersion uniformity, the feed conversion rate and the weight gain rate and reduce the enteritis incidence rate of the black fry eels, thereby improving the breeding benefit of the black fry eels.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is that expanded compound feeds for breeding black fry eels comprise, by weight, 48-50 parts of fish meal, 8-10 parts of chicken meal, 6-7 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 4-5 parts of fermented soybean meal, 1-2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 17-19 parts of wheat flour, 0.1-0.3 part of curcumin, 0.5-1.5 parts of sodium butyrate, 0.5-1.5 parts of fructooligosaccharide, 0.1-0.5 part of garlicin, 5-6 parts of sardine oil, 5-6 parts of soybean oil, 1-2 parts of a multi-vitamin mixture and 1-2 parts of a multi-mineral mixture.
, the feed comprises, by weight, 48 parts of fish meal, 8 parts of chicken meal, 6 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 4 parts of fermented soybean meal, 1 part of monocalcium phosphate, 17 parts of wheat flour, 0.1 part of curcumin, 0.5 part of sodium butyrate, 0.5 part of fructooligosaccharide, 0.5 part of allicin, 6 parts of sardine oil, 6 parts of soybean oil, 2 parts of a multi-vitamin mixture and 2 parts of a multi-mineral mixture.
, the feed comprises fish meal 49 parts, chicken powder 9 parts, soybean protein concentrate 6.5 parts, fermented soybean meal 4.5 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5 parts, wheat flour 18 parts, curcumin 0.2 part, sodium butyrate 1 part, fructooligosaccharide 1 part, garlicin 0.3 part, sardine oil 5.5 parts, soybean oil 5.5 parts, multivitamin mixture 1.5 parts, and multimineral mixture 1.5 parts.
, the feed comprises 50 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of chicken powder, 7 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 5 parts of fermented soybean meal, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 19 parts of wheat flour, 0.3 part of curcumin, 1.5 parts of sodium butyrate, 1.5 parts of fructooligosaccharide, 0.1 part of allicin, 5 parts of sardine oil, 5 parts of soybean oil, 1 part of a multi-vitamin mixture and 1 part of a multi-mineral mixture.
Preferably the multivitamin mixture comprises per kg the following components: biotin 663mg, VB1217mg, folic acid 9227mg, inositol 221454mg, nicotinic acid 123730mg, pantothenic acid 591382mg, riboflavin 29527mg, thiamine 24000 mg;
preferably the multimineral mixture comprises per kg the following components: KI 176mg, CoCl2H2O(1％)10982mg，CuSO4·5H2O 2196mg，FeSO4H2O 17572mg，ZnSO4H2O 10982mg，MnSO4H2O 13179mg，MgSO4·7H2O 263574mg，Ca(H2PO3)2·H2O 658935mg，NaCl 21965mg，NaF 439mg。
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the oxygen atoms in the allicin molecules are combined with the sulfydryl in cysteine molecules necessary for the growth and the propagation of bacteria to inhibit the growth and the propagation of the bacteria, meanwhile, the allicin has the effects of increasing gastric secretion and gastrointestinal peristalsis, stimulating appetite and promoting digestion, the curcumin can improve the activity of intestinal tract digestive enzyme and improve the digestibility of animals to feed, the sodium butyrate is used as acidifiers and can improve the activity of the intestinal tract digestive enzyme by reducing the pH of the intestinal tract, the fructooligosaccharide can inhibit the proliferation of harmful bacteria by improving the growth and the propagation of exogenous beneficial bacteria and is beneficial to the health of the intestinal tract and improve the flora structure, and the growth and the propagation of the harmful bacteria in the intestinal tract of the eel are inhibited through the mutual synergistic effect of the allicin, the curcumin, the sodium butyrate and the fructooligosaccharide, so that the content of the beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract is improved, the enteritis incidence rate is reduced, the immunity of the eel is improved, the.
2. Compared with the fat content of the market compound feed (powder), the invention increases the content of the feed fat by increasing the addition amount of the sardine fish oil and the soybean oil, and can ensure that the fat can permeate into the expanded feed (the fat can be sprayed by more than 20 percent at most) by spraying modes such as vacuum spraying and the like, the fat is 12 to 17 percent higher than that of the common eel powder, the requirement of the black eel on the fat can be better met, the growth of the black eel is promoted, and the weight gain rate of the eel culture process is improved.
3. Because the starch is difficult to digest by the eel, the feed does not contain gelatinized starch, and the starch content is reduced, so that the incidence rate of enteritis of the eel is reduced.
4. The feed is formed into expanded granular material, and when the feed is fed, the feed feeding rate and the feed dispersion uniformity can be improved, the ingestion uniformity of the eels can be increased, the excessive ingestion or no bait robbing of the eels can be prevented, and the probability of enteritis caused by excessive overeating of part of eels can be reduced.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the puffed compound feed for breeding the black fry eels, which comprises the following steps:
step , preparing raw materials according to the components and weight fraction of the puffed compound feed;
step two, uniformly mixing fish meal, chicken meal, soybean protein concentrate, fermented soybean meal, monocalcium phosphate, wheat flour, curcumin, sodium butyrate and fructo-oligosaccharide, then carrying out coarse crushing, and sieving by using a 40-mesh sieve to prepare a large raw material; mixing the multivitamin mixture and the multimineral mixture uniformly to prepare a small material additive;
step three, uniformly mixing the large raw material and the small material additive, then carrying out superfine grinding, and sieving the superfine ground material with a 80-mesh sieve;
step four, performing steam tempering on the material sieved by the 80-mesh sieve in the step three, and then performing puffing granulation;
step five, drying the granulated material, and then cooling;
and step six, uniformly mixing the allicin, the sardine oil and the soybean oil, spraying the mixture on the surfaces of the cooled particles, and infiltrating into feed pores to obtain the finished product of the expanded compound feed.
Preferably, the quenching and tempering temperature is 110-115 ℃, the quenching and tempering time is 120-150 s, the quenching and tempering steam pressure is 0.4-0.6MPa, and the moisture content of the quenched and tempered material is 22-23%.
Preferably, the puffing temperature is 130-150 ℃, the moisture of the material is 23-27%, and the puffing degree is 1.5-1.6.
Preferably, the drying temperature is 70-80 ℃, the drying time is 25-30min, and the moisture content of the dried granular material is less than 10%; the cooling is carried out by adopting normal temperature air at 20-25 ℃, the cooling air speed is 1-1.5m/s, the cooling time is 15-20min, and the temperature difference between the material temperature and the room temperature of the cooled granular material is less than 5 ℃.
Preferably, the spraying is vacuum spraying. Allicin, sardine oil and soybean oil can be better infiltrated into the interior of the granules by vacuum spraying.
The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple in steps and beneficial to realizing large-scale production. Uniformly mixing a multivitamin mixture and a multimineral mixture to prepare a small feed additive, uniformly mixing fish meal, chicken meal, soybean protein concentrate, fermented soybean meal, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, wheat flour, curcumin, sodium butyrate and fructo-oligosaccharide, then carrying out coarse crushing, and sieving by a 40-mesh sieve to prepare a large raw material; and then the large raw material and the small feed additive are mixed for two times, so that the mixing uniformity is ensured, the viscoelasticity and the fish digestion and absorption rate of the feed are improved, and the quality of the feed is improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
puffed compound feed for breeding black fry eel, which comprises the following components, by weight, 48 parts of fish meal, 8 parts of chicken meal, 6 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 4 parts of fermented soybean meal, 1 part of monocalcium phosphate, 17 parts of wheat flour, 0.1 part of curcumin, 0.5 part of sodium butyrate, 0.5 part of fructooligosaccharide, 0.5 part of allicin, 6 parts of sardine oil, 6 parts of soybean oil, 2 parts of a multi-vitamin mixture and 2 parts of a multi-mineral mixture.
The raw materials can be purchased and obtained in the market. The fish powder can be Peru fish powder, and the chicken powder can be American chicken powder.
Preferably the multivitamin mixture comprises per kg the following components: biotin 663mg, VB1217mg, folic acid 9227mg, inositol 221454mg, nicotinic acid 123730mg, pantothenic acid 591382mg, riboflavin 29527mg, thiamine 24000 mg;
preferably the multimineral mixture comprises per kg the following components: KI 176mg, CoCl2H2O(1％)10982mg，CuSO4·5H2O 2196mg，FeSO4H2O 17572mg，ZnSO4H2O 10982mg，MnSO4H2O 13179mg，MgSO4·7H2O 263574mg，Ca(H2PO3)2·H2O 658935mg，NaCl 21965mg，NaF 439mg。
The preparation method of this example is as follows:
step , preparing raw materials according to the components and weight fractions of the above example 1, (for example, 1kg of each part of the raw materials is fish meal 48kg, chicken meal 8kg, soy protein concentrate 6kg, fermented soybean meal 4kg, monocalcium phosphate 1kg, wheat flour 17kg, curcumin 0.1kg, sodium butyrate 0.5kg, fructooligosaccharide 0.5kg, garlicin 0.5kg, sardine fish oil 6kg, soybean oil 6kg, multivitamin mixture 2kg, and multimineral mixture 2 kg.
Step two, uniformly mixing fish meal, chicken meal, soybean protein concentrate, fermented soybean meal, monocalcium phosphate, wheat flour, curcumin, sodium butyrate and fructo-oligosaccharide, then carrying out coarse crushing, and sieving by using a 40-mesh sieve to prepare a large raw material; mixing the multivitamin mixture and the multimineral mixture uniformly to prepare a small material additive;
step three, uniformly mixing the large raw material and the small material additive, then carrying out superfine grinding, and sieving the superfine ground material with a 80-mesh sieve;
step four, performing steam tempering on the material sieved by the 80-mesh sieve in the step three, and then performing puffing granulation;
step five, drying the granulated material, and then cooling;
and step six, uniformly mixing the allicin, the sardine oil and the soybean oil, spraying the mixture on the surfaces of the cooled particles, and infiltrating into feed pores to obtain the finished product of the expanded compound feed.
Preferably, the quenching and tempering temperature is 110-115 ℃, the quenching and tempering time is 120-150 s, the quenching and tempering steam pressure is 0.4-0.6MPa, and the moisture content of the quenched and tempered material is 22-23%.
Preferably, the puffing temperature is 130-150 ℃, the moisture of the material is 23-27%, and the puffing degree is 1.5-1.6.
Preferably, the drying temperature is 70-80 ℃, the drying time is 25-30min, and the moisture content of the dried granular material is less than 10%; the cooling is carried out by adopting normal temperature air at 20-25 ℃, the cooling air speed is 1-1.5m/s, the cooling time is 15-20min, and the temperature difference between the material temperature and the room temperature of the cooled granular material is less than 5 ℃.
Preferably, the spraying is vacuum spraying. The method comprises the steps of placing the materials in a sealed environment, vacuumizing, spraying the liquid obtained by mixing the allicin, the sardine fish oil and the soybean oil onto the surfaces of the materials after reaching a set vacuum degree, and removing the vacuum to enable the liquid to permeate into the feed through feed pores.
Example 2
puffed compound feed for breeding black fry eel, which comprises the following components, by weight, 49 parts of fish meal, 9 parts of chicken meal, 6.5 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 4.5 parts of fermented soybean meal, 1.5 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 18 parts of wheat flour, 0.2 part of curcumin, 1 part of sodium butyrate, 1 part of fructooligosaccharide, 0.3 part of allicin, 5.5 parts of sardine fish oil, 5.5 parts of soybean oil, 1.5 parts of a multi-vitamin mixture and 1.5 parts of a multi-mineral mixture.
The raw materials can be purchased and obtained in the market. The fish powder can be Peru fish powder, and the chicken powder can be American chicken powder.
Preferably the multivitamin mixture comprises per kg the following components: biotin 663mg, VB1217mg, folic acid 9227mg, inositol 221454mg, nicotinic acid 123730mg, pantothenic acid 591382mg, riboflavin 29527mg, thiamine 24000 mg;
preferably the multimineral mixture comprises per kg the following components: KI 176mg, CoCl2H2O(1％)10982mg，CuSO4·5H2O 2196mg，FeSO4H2O 17572mg，ZnSO4H2O 10982mg，MnSO4H2O 13179mg，MgSO4·7H2O 263574mg，Ca(H2PO3)2·H2O 658935mg，NaCl 21965mg，NaF 439mg。
The preparation method of this example is as follows:
step , preparing the raw materials according to the components and weight fractions of the above example 1, (for example, 1kg of each part of the raw materials includes 49kg of fish meal, 9kg of chicken meal, 6.5kg of soybean protein concentrate, 4.5kg of fermented soybean meal, 1.5kg of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 18kg of wheat flour, 0.2kg of curcumin, 1kg of sodium butyrate, 1kg of fructooligosaccharide, 0.3kg of garlicin, 5.5kg of sardine oil, 5.5kg of soybean oil, 1.5kg of multivitamin mixture and 1.5kg of multimineral mixture.
Step two, uniformly mixing fish meal, chicken meal, soybean protein concentrate, fermented soybean meal, monocalcium phosphate, wheat flour, curcumin, sodium butyrate and fructo-oligosaccharide, then carrying out coarse crushing, and sieving by using a 40-mesh sieve to prepare a large raw material; mixing the multivitamin mixture and the multimineral mixture uniformly to prepare a small material additive;
step three, uniformly mixing the large raw material and the small material additive, then carrying out superfine grinding, and sieving the superfine ground material with a 80-mesh sieve;
step four, performing steam tempering on the material sieved by the 80-mesh sieve in the step three, and then performing puffing granulation;
step five, drying the granulated material, and then cooling;
and step six, uniformly mixing the allicin, the sardine oil and the soybean oil, spraying the mixture on the surfaces of the cooled particles, and infiltrating into feed pores to obtain the finished product of the expanded compound feed.
Preferably, the quenching and tempering temperature is 110-115 ℃, the quenching and tempering time is 120-150 s, the quenching and tempering steam pressure is 0.4-0.6MPa, and the moisture content of the quenched and tempered material is 22-23%.
Preferably, the puffing temperature is 130-150 ℃, the moisture of the material is 23-27%, and the puffing degree is 1.5-1.6.
Preferably, the drying temperature is 70-80 ℃, the drying time is 25-30min, and the moisture content of the dried granular material is less than 10%; the cooling is carried out by adopting normal temperature air at 20-25 ℃, the cooling air speed is 1-1.5m/s, the cooling time is 15-20min, and the temperature difference between the material temperature and the room temperature of the cooled granular material is less than 5 ℃.
Preferably, the spraying is vacuum spraying. The method comprises the steps of placing the materials in a sealed environment, vacuumizing, spraying the liquid obtained by mixing the allicin, the sardine fish oil and the soybean oil onto the surfaces of the materials after reaching a set vacuum degree, and removing the vacuum to enable the liquid to permeate into the feed through feed pores.
Example 3
puffed compound feed for breeding black fry eel, which comprises the following components, by weight, 50 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of chicken meal, 7 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 5 parts of fermented soybean meal, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 19 parts of wheat flour, 0.3 part of curcumin, 1.5 parts of sodium butyrate, 1.5 parts of fructooligosaccharide, 0.1 part of allicin, 5 parts of sardine oil, 5 parts of soybean oil, 1 part of multivitamin mixture and 1 part of multimineral mixture.
The raw materials can be purchased and obtained in the market. The fish powder can be Peru fish powder, and the chicken powder can be American chicken powder.
Preferably the multivitamin mixture comprises per kg the following components: biotin 663mg, VB1217mg, folic acid 9227mg, inositol 221454mg, nicotinic acid 123730mg, pantothenic acid 591382mg, riboflavin 29527mg, thiamine 24000 mg;
preferably the multimineral mixture comprises per kg the following components: KI 176mg, CoCl2H2O(1％)10982mg，CuSO4·5H2O 2196mg，FeSO4H2O 17572mg，ZnSO4H2O 10982mg，MnSO4H2O 13179mg，MgSO4·7H2O 263574mg，Ca(H2PO3)2·H2O 658935mg，NaCl 21965mg，NaF 439mg。
The preparation method of this example is as follows:
step , preparing the raw materials according to the components and weight fractions of the above example 1, (for example, each part of the raw materials is calculated by 1kg, 50kg of fish meal, 10kg of chicken meal, 7kg of soybean protein concentrate, 5kg of fermented soybean meal, 2kg of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 19kg of wheat flour, 0.3kg of curcumin, 1.5kg of sodium butyrate, 1.5kg of fructooligosaccharide, 0.1kg of allicin, 5kg of sardine fish oil, 5kg of soybean oil, 1kg of multivitamin mixture and 1kg of multimineral mixture are prepared.
Step two, uniformly mixing fish meal, chicken meal, soybean protein concentrate, fermented soybean meal, monocalcium phosphate, wheat flour, curcumin, sodium butyrate and fructo-oligosaccharide, then carrying out coarse crushing, and sieving by using a 40-mesh sieve to prepare a large raw material; mixing the multivitamin mixture and the multimineral mixture uniformly to prepare a small material additive;
step three, uniformly mixing the large raw material and the small material additive, then carrying out superfine grinding, and sieving the superfine ground material with a 80-mesh sieve;
step four, performing steam tempering on the material sieved by the 80-mesh sieve in the step three, and then performing puffing granulation;
step five, drying the granulated material, and then cooling;
and step six, uniformly mixing the allicin, the sardine oil and the soybean oil, spraying the mixture on the surfaces of the cooled particles, and infiltrating into feed pores to obtain the finished product of the expanded compound feed.
Preferably, the quenching and tempering temperature is 110-115 ℃, the quenching and tempering time is 120-150 s, the quenching and tempering steam pressure is 0.4-0.6MPa, and the moisture content of the quenched and tempered material is 22-23%.
Preferably, the puffing temperature is 130-150 ℃, the moisture of the material is 23-27%, and the puffing degree is 1.5-1.6.
Preferably, the drying temperature is 70-80 ℃, the drying time is 25-30min, and the moisture content of the dried granular material is less than 10%; the cooling is carried out by adopting normal temperature air at 20-25 ℃, the cooling air speed is 1-1.5m/s, the cooling time is 15-20min, and the temperature difference between the material temperature and the room temperature of the cooled granular material is less than 5 ℃.
Preferably, the spraying is vacuum spraying. The method comprises the steps of placing the materials in a sealed environment, vacuumizing, spraying the liquid obtained by mixing the allicin, the sardine fish oil and the soybean oil onto the surfaces of the materials after reaching a set vacuum degree, and removing the vacuum to enable the liquid to permeate into the feed through feed pores.
The fat content of the compound feed prepared by the three embodiments can reach more than 15 percent, and is 12 to 17 percent higher than that of common eel powder in the market.
Comparative example for cultivation test:
feed for breeding black fry eel comprises, by weight, 60 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of chicken powder, 10 parts of fermented soybean meal, 10 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 7 parts of peanut bran, 7 parts of wheat gluten powder, 1 part of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 parts of fatty acid calcium, 0.5 part of soybean phospholipid oil, 17 parts of pre-gelatinized tapioca starch, 2 parts of a multi-mineral mixture and 1 part of a multi-vitamin mixture.
The ingredients and proportions of the multimineral mixture and the multivitamin mixture are the same as in example 1.
The comparative example was prepared as follows:
step , preparing raw materials according to the components and weight fractions of the comparative example, wherein the raw materials comprise 60kg of fish meal, 10kg of chicken meal, 10kg of fermented soybean meal, 10kg of soybean protein concentrate, 7kg of peanut bran, 7kg of wheat gluten powder, 1kg of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 5kg of fatty acid calcium, 0.5kg of soybean phospholipid oil, 17kg of pregelatinized tapioca starch, 2kg of a multi-mineral mixture and 1kg of a multi-vitamin mixture, wherein the weight of each part is calculated by 1 kg.
Step two, uniformly mixing fish meal, chicken meal, fermented soybean meal, soybean protein concentrate, peanut bran, wheat gluten powder, monocalcium phosphate and fatty acid calcium, then carrying out coarse crushing, and sieving by using a 40-mesh sieve to prepare a large raw material; mixing the multivitamin mixture and the multimineral mixture uniformly to prepare a small material additive;
step three, uniformly mixing the large raw material and the small material additive, carrying out superfine grinding, sieving the superfine ground material with a 80-mesh sieve, adding the pregelatinized cassava starch and the soybean phospholipid oil into the sieved material, uniformly stirring, and sieving with the 80-mesh sieve to obtain a powdery compound feed finished product.
The breeding test was carried out as follows:
the compound feed provided by the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2, the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 4 of the invention is used for a comparative breeding experiment with the feed of the comparative example, the experimental site is an eel farm in Rouyuan county of Fuzhou province of Fujian province, the experimental time is 7-15-2019-10-13-2019, the black eel is from the eel farm in Rouyuan county of Fuzhou province of Fujian province, 1200 eels with healthy appearance and uniform specification are selected and are respectively transferred into 12 experimental net cages (10.0m multiplied by 8.0m multiplied by 6.0m, the water depth is 0.6m), each net cage is 100, the breeding period is weeks, the feed of the comparative example is used for 2 times every day at 5:00 and 17:00 times every day, the eels are adapted to the breeding environment and the feed of the comparative example, the group is randomly divided into 4 groups, each group of 3 net cages are fed, the artificial feeding is timed at 5:00 and 17:00 every day, the net cage is thrown into the first group, the first group of the compound feed of the embodiment 1, the compound feed of the invention is thrown into the group, the second group, the compound feed of the invention is thrown into the second group, the compound feed of the experimental example, the compound feed of the invention is taken, the compound feed of the.
Table 1 data table of experimental results
Note: different lower case letters after the same row of data in the table indicate significant difference (P < 0.05).
Weight gain rate (final weight-initial weight)/initial weight;
feed conversion rate (final weight-initial weight)/food intake;
fullness is the cube of body weight/length;
the enteritis rate is the number of days of enteritis/total days of cultivation.
All experimental data are expressed as mean ± standard error, and data were analyzed for One-way ANOVA using SPSS 17.0, with significant differences (P <0.05) followed by Tukey's multiple comparisons (Tukey's multiple comparisons).
The experimental results show that compared with the comparative example compound feed group, the compound feed provided by the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 can improve the feed feeding rate, the feed dispersion uniformity, the feed conversion rate, the weight gain rate and the fatness and reduce the enteritis incidence rate of the black fry eel, thereby improving the breeding benefit of the black fry eel.
The above are only some preferred embodiments of the invention, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims (10)

  1. The puffed compound feed for culturing black fry eel of kinds comprises fish meal 48-50 weight portions, chicken powder 8-10 weight portions, soybean protein concentrate 6-7 weight portions, fermented soybean meal 4-5 weight portions, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1-2 weight portions, wheat flour 17-19 weight portions, curcumin 0.1-0.3 weight portion, sodium butyrate 0.5-1.5 weight portions, fructooligosaccharide 0.5-1.5 weight portions, garlicin 0.1-0.5 weight portion, sardine fish oil 5-6 weight portions, soybean oil 5-6 weight portions, multi-vitamin mixture 1-2 weight portions and multi-mineral mixture 1-2 weight portions.
  2. 2. The expanded compound feed for breeding the black fry eels in claim 1, which comprises, by weight, 48 parts of fish meal, 8 parts of chicken meal, 6 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 4 parts of fermented soybean meal, 1 part of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 17 parts of wheat flour, 0.1 part of curcumin, 0.5 part of sodium butyrate, 0.5 part of fructooligosaccharide, 0.5 part of garlicin, 6 parts of sardine oil, 6 parts of soybean oil, 2 parts of a multi-vitamin mixture and 2 parts of a multi-mineral mixture.
  3. 3. The expanded compound feed for black fry eel cultivation, according to the weight portion, is characterized in that the feed comprises 49 portions of fish meal, 9 portions of chicken meal, 6.5 portions of soybean protein concentrate, 4.5 portions of fermented soybean meal, 1.5 portions of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 18 portions of wheat flour, 0.2 portion of curcumin, 1 portion of sodium butyrate, 1 portion of fructooligosaccharide, 0.3 portion of garlicin, 5.5 portions of sardine fish oil, 5.5 portions of soybean oil, 1.5 portions of multi-vitamin mixture and 1.5 portions of multi-mineral mixture.
  4. 4. The expanded compound feed for breeding the black fry eels in claim 1, which comprises the following components, by weight, 50 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of chicken meal, 7 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 5 parts of fermented soybean meal, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 19 parts of wheat flour, 0.3 part of curcumin, 1.5 parts of sodium butyrate, 1.5 parts of fructooligosaccharide, 0.1 part of garlicin, 5 parts of sardine oil, 5 parts of soybean oil, 1 part of a multi-vitamin mixture and 1 part of a multi-mineral mixture.
  5. 5. The expanded compound feed for breeding black fry eel according to claim 1, wherein:
    the multivitamin mixture comprises the following components per kg: biotin 663mg, VB1217mg, folic acid 9227mg, inositol 221454mg, nicotinic acid 123730mg, pantothenic acid 591382mg, riboflavin 29527mg, thiamine 24000 mg;
    the multimineral mixture comprises the following components per kg: KI 176mg, CoCl2H2O(1％)10982mg，CuSO4·5H2O 2196mg，FeSO4H2O 17572mg，ZnSO4H2O 10982mg，MnSO4H2O 13179mg，MgSO4·7H2O263574mg，Ca(H2PO3)2·H2O 658935mg，NaCl 21965mg，NaF 439mg。
  6. 6, A preparation method of puffed compound feed for breeding black fry eel, comprising the following steps:
    step , preparing raw materials according to the components and weight fractions as claimed in any of claims 1-5;
    step two, uniformly mixing fish meal, chicken meal, soybean protein concentrate, fermented soybean meal, monocalcium phosphate, wheat flour, curcumin, sodium butyrate and fructo-oligosaccharide, then carrying out coarse crushing, and sieving by using a 40-mesh sieve to prepare a large raw material; mixing the multivitamin mixture and the multimineral mixture uniformly to prepare a small material additive;
    step three, uniformly mixing the large raw material and the small material additive, then carrying out superfine grinding, and sieving the superfine ground material with a 80-mesh sieve;
    step four, performing steam tempering on the material sieved by the 80-mesh sieve in the step three, and then performing puffing granulation;
    step five, drying the granulated material, and then cooling;
    and step six, uniformly mixing the allicin, the sardine oil and the soybean oil, spraying the mixture on the surfaces of the cooled particles, and infiltrating into feed pores to obtain the finished product of the expanded compound feed.
  7. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the temperature of the quenching and tempering is 110-115 ℃, the quenching and tempering time is 120-150 s, the quenching and tempering steam pressure is 0.4-0.6MPa, and the moisture content of the quenched and tempered material is 22-23%.
  8. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein: the temperature of the puffing is 130-150 ℃, the moisture of the material is 23-27%, and the puffing degree is 1.5-1.6.
  9. 9. The method of claim 6, wherein: the drying temperature is 70-80 ℃, the drying time is 25-30min, and the moisture content of the dried granular material is less than 10%; the cooling is carried out by adopting normal temperature air at 20-25 ℃, the cooling air speed is 1-1.5m/s, the cooling time is 15-20min, and the temperature difference between the material temperature and the room temperature of the cooled granular material is less than 5 ℃.
  10. 10. The method of claim 6, wherein: the spraying adopts vacuum spraying.
CN201911125862.6A 2019-11-18 2019-11-18 puffed compound feed for breeding black fry eel Pending CN110731428A (en)

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CN111743053A (en) * 2020-08-04 2020-10-09 福建海大饲料有限公司 American eel puffed feed and preparation method and application thereof
CN111743054A (en) * 2020-08-04 2020-10-09 福建海大饲料有限公司 Special puffed feed for Japanese eels and preparation method and application thereof
CN112167475A (en) * 2020-11-17 2021-01-05 广东顺德鼎一生物科技有限公司 Eel feed and immunity-improving additive thereof
CN115918812A (en) * 2022-12-28 2023-04-07 福建天马饲料有限公司 Probiotic-containing eel compound feed

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