CN110692551A - Pond-level ecological breeding method for young ostriches acutifolius - Google Patents
Pond-level ecological breeding method for young ostriches acutifolius Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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Abstract
The invention provides an elevated pond ecological breeding method for young swallow pinus acutifolia fry, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a high pond as a seedling raising pond and carrying out disinfection treatment; (2) constructing an algae phase-fungus phase-biological bait ecological system in the seedling raising pond; (3) hatching the fertilized eggs of the swallow pinicola to obtain the fry of the primarily hatched swallow pinicola, and breeding the fry into a fry pond for fry breeding and management. According to the elevated pond ecological breeding method for the fries of the swallow shark, the algae phase-fungus phase-biological bait ecological system is constructed, a good growth environment is provided for the fries, and the fries of the swallow shark, which grow well and are good in quality, can be bred in a large scale through fry breeding and management.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine fish fry breeding, in particular to an elevated pond ecological breeding method for a swallow sharpiscis fry.
Background
Potiria pinnata (Platax teira), also known as Bat, is a marine fish living offshore in tropical and temperate regions of Potiria of Perciformes, Pteriidae, Potiria, and is mainly distributed in Arabic, Indonesian to Japanese sea areas of the printed Taihai, and is gathered in open water. The juvenile fish has peculiar appearance, 2-3 black transverse belts are arranged on the body, and the dorsal fin, the ventral fin and the hip fin are all extended to be sickle-shaped and can be used as ornamental fish. The adult fish is flat on one side, slightly circular, steeply inclined at the head, small and round in mouth, large in eyes, arc-shaped on the lateral line, shortened in fins, and double-concave in tail fins, and has tender meat quality, delicious taste, rich nutrition and higher economic value. After the fry bred in the current year is bred for 5 months, the weight of the fish body reaches more than 1 jin, the growth speed is high, the whole breeding process can be fed with the compound feed for breeding, the breeding cost ratio is low, the breeding cost performance is high, and the fry is a marine fish species with great breeding and development potential. In addition, the swallow pinipes is also a fish in the reef island area, mainly grows around the reef island area in the sea, and can be used as a good proliferation and releasing variety.
With the over-fishing and the worsening of the ecological environment of the sea area, the wild resource amount of the swallow sharpiscis is deficient day by day, and the key technical research on artificial breeding of the swallow sharpiscis is urgently needed. The existing indoor cement pond for cultivating the young swamp pinus tertiolecta can fully and effectively control the cultivation water body environment, the survival rate of the young pinus tertiolecta is higher, but the cement pond is high in construction cost and limited by the total water body amount of the cultivation facilities, large-scale young pinus cultivation cannot be carried out, the seedling emergence amount is insufficient, meanwhile, the bait feeding needs external supply, and the cultivation cost is further improved.
Based on the method, in order to increase the market supply of the young swallow pinks and meet the requirement of high-quality young swallow pinks in the swallow pinks breeding industry, a method which can breed the swallow pinks in a large scale and is low in cost is needed to be provided, the yield and income of fishermen are promoted, and the healthy and sustainable development of the swallow pinks breeding industry is guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an elevated pond ecological breeding method for fries of the swallow pinkeye, and solves the technical problems that the fry breeding of the swallow pinkeye in the prior art is not large-scale and cannot be carried out in a large-scale mode.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an elevated pond ecological breeding method for young swallow pinus acutifolius comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a high pond as a seedling raising pond and carrying out disinfection treatment;
(2) constructing an algae phase-fungus phase-biological bait ecological system in the seedling raising pond;
(3) hatching the fertilized eggs of the swallow pinicola to obtain the fry of the primarily hatched swallow pinicola, and breeding the fry into a fry pond for fry breeding and management.
According to the invention, the high-level pond is adopted to ecologically cultivate the swallow sharps, the high-level pond is utilized to have large water area, biological bait can be directly cultivated, the nutritional requirements of the fry in different development stages are met, the fry grows rapidly, and the high-level pond ecological cultivation work of the swallow sharps is developed to carry out large-scale breeding of the fry. The dynamic balance system between the constructed algae phase-bacteria phase-biological bait-fry has the following characteristics: the algae can be propagated and amplified by utilizing inorganic ions such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the water body, the dissolved oxygen in the water is increased, the color of the water body can be adjusted, the transparency of the water body is reduced, the shading effect is achieved, and the stress response of the fry can be reduced; the bacteria can reduce the concentration of harmful ions such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrate, nitrite and the like in water and resist the propagation of harmful bacteria such as vibrio and the like; the biological bait takes algae and bacteria as food and is propagated by feeding unicellular algae, bacteria, organic debris and the like; the fry ingests biological baits of rotifer, copepods and the like, and zooplankton corpses, excrement, residual baits and the like can be decomposed by bacteria to generate nutrient elements for the propagation and growth of algae, so that a small ecological system is formed.
In the invention, an inflatable stone is arranged in the elevated tank.
Preferably, the area of the elevated pond can be 1.5-3 mu, and the water depth can be 1.5-2.5 m.
In some embodiments of the invention, the nursery pond is disinfected with bleaching powder.
In the invention, the construction of the algae phase-bacterial phase-biological bait ecological system comprises the oriented cultivation of beneficial algae, the cultivation of probiotics and the ecological propagation of biological bait.
In some embodiments of the invention, the directional culture of beneficial algae is to perform directional culture of chlorella by using chlorella concentrate, inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer aquatic products and trace element products, and supplement organic fertilizer aquatic products and probiotics in time to maintain beneficial algae phase in the seedling pond. The chlorella contains rich nutrients such as protein, vitamins, biological polysaccharide, unsaturated fatty acid, chlorophyll, carotenoid and the like, is one of important baits for floating animals such as rotifers, copepods, cladocera and the like, can degrade harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, nitrite and the like in water, discharges heavy metal ions, achieves the effect of water detoxification, performs amplification propagation to fertilize the water, changes the color and transparency of the culture water, and effectively controls the growth of blue algae and moss by utilizing a biological competition mechanism.
Furthermore, the chlorella concentrated solution is used at an amount of 5L/mu x m.
Furthermore, the inorganic fertilizer is urea and a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and the dosage of the inorganic fertilizer is 2 kg/mu m and 1 kg/mu m respectively.
Preferably, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is 15 percent to 15 percent.
Furthermore, the organic fertilizer aquatic products are algae-cultivating paste and an amino Li algae source, and the using amounts of the organic fertilizer aquatic products are 2 kg/mu m and 2L/mu m respectively.
Further, the trace element product is an algae trace source, and the dosage of the trace element product is 200 g/mu x m. The algae micro-source mainly comprises iron, silicon, manganese, calcium, magnesium, zinc and the like.
In some embodiments of the invention, the probiotic is a photosynthetic bacterium, a lactic acid bacterium, and a bacillus.
The bacillus can secrete rich extracellular enzyme systems, decompose macromolecular organic matters such as protein, fat, nucleic acid, phospholipid and the like, particularly excrement, residual feed, zooplankton residues and the like, and play roles in balancing algal phases, reducing water eutrophication, inhibiting harmful bacteria and forming beneficial bacteria aggregates.
The photosynthetic bacteria can utilize the nutrient substances of hydrogen sulfide, organic acid, ammonium salt, amino acid, nitrate, urea and the like in the culture water body to prevent and control the excessive propagation of algae. Can absorb harmful factors such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide and the like, purify water quality and adjust the pH value of a water body.
The lactobacillus can decompose dissolved organic acids, saccharides, peptides, etc., and promote the propagation of floating microalgae. Absorbing harmful factors such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and hydrogen sulfide, and purifying water quality. The flora balance of the intestinal tract of the fries is adjusted, and the propagation of pathogenic bacteria such as vibrios and the like is effectively inhibited. The metabolite lactic acid can reduce the pH value of the water body.
Furthermore, the dosages of the photosynthetic bacteria and the lactic acid bacteria are 5L/mu m per day, and the dosage of the bacillus is 400 g/mu m every 3-5 days; the photosynthetic bacteria and the lactic acid bacteria are bacteria liquid, wherein the colony number ranges from 20 to 30 hundred million/ml and 1 to 5 hundred million/ml respectively; the bacillus is powder, and the content of viable bacteria is 100 hundred million/g.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ecological propagation of biological feed is by using unicellular algae and fermentation nutrient solution in the seedling culture pond to culture biological feed.
The biological bait comprises rotifers, copepods and cladocerans.
The fermented nutrient solution is prepared by fermenting brown sugar, eel powder, shrimp, lactobacillus and fresh water in a sealed manner. The brown sugar can generate glucose after hydrolysis, provide a carbon source, the eel meal contains higher protein content and can provide a nitrogen source and a carbon source, the shrimp treasure comprises the raw materials such as lactobacillus, bacillus, saccharomyces cerevisiae, bean pulp, fish meal and the like, the feed raw materials have more cured and fermented products, the composite beneficial viable bacteria content is high, the active enzyme is rich, and the nutrition is balanced. The lactic acid bacteria can absorb and utilize dissolved organic matters, expand the number of floras and generate lactic acid. The fresh water can dissolve various organic matters and is hydrolyzed to generate micromolecular organic matters. The nutrient solution obtained by sealed fermentation can stabilize water quality, supplement probiotics in water, promote the propagation of algae and zooplankton, and provide rich baits of algae, bacteria, organic debris and the like for rotifers, cladocerans and copepods.
Preferably, the fermented nutrient solution comprises 200L of fresh water, 10kg of brown sugar, 5kg of eel meal, 5kg of shrimp roe powder and 10L of lactobacillus according to the formula, and is obtained after sealed fermentation for 3-5 days. The pH range of the lactobacillus bacterial liquid is 3.4-4.0, and the colony number of the lactobacillus in the bacterial liquid is 1-5 hundred million/ml.
Further, the amount of the fermented nutrient solution is 10L/mu m per day.
In the invention, the hatching of the fertilized eggs of the swallow sharps is carried out in an incubator which is in a seedling raising pond and has weak illumination and can not avoid direct sunlight. Under the condition of no light or weak light in the dark, the hatching rate of fertilized eggs is more than 90%, and the aberration rate and the death rate of the primary floaters are the lowest, mainly because the hatching period of the fertilized eggs and the endogenous nutrition period (about 3 days of primary hatching) of the primary floaters mainly provide nutrient substances by self yolk sacs. If the external sunlight is direct and the illumination is too strong, the fertilized eggs and the newborn fish can generate stress reaction and digest too much energy.
Further, the hatching seawater of the fertilized eggs is filtered fresh clean seawater, and the hatching density is 8-12 ten thousand grains/m3And the fish eggs are uniformly distributed in the incubator in the incubation process.
In the invention, the time for putting the primarily hatched larval crucian into the fry culture pond is 3 days after hatching, and the stocking density is 22-25 ten thousand fish/mu.
In the invention, the fry breeding and management comprises fine biological bait feeding, ordered replacement of compound feed, water quality monitoring and regulation and control and daily pond patrol management.
In some embodiments of the invention, the fine biological bait feeding mode is as follows: feeding rotifers to fry 3-6 days old, wherein the number of the rotifers is 0.6-1/ml; feeding rotifers and copepods from 7-9 days old, wherein the number of the rotifers is 0.4-0.6/ml, and the number of the copepods is 0.5-0.8/ml; feeding copepods and cladocerans from 10 days old to 14 days old, wherein the number of the copepods is 0.3-0.5 per ml, and the number of the cladocerans is 0.8-1.2 per ml.
Furthermore, the feeding time of the biological bait is 8:00-8:30 per day.
In some embodiments of the invention, the orderly replacement of the compound feed comprises artificial domestication of the compound feed, replacement of the model of the artificial compound feed, and feeding times and quantity of the artificial compound feed.
Further, the artificial domestication of the compound feed is to start at the age of 15 days of the fry, adopt a domestication method of firstly feeding the artificial compound feed and then feeding the cladocera under a starvation state, and finish feeding the artificial compound feed after 4 days of domestication.
The changed artificial mixed feed comprises eel powder, a special material of sea horse brand sweet fish compound feed No. 0, a material of sea horse brand sweet fish compound feed No. 0 and a material of sea horse brand sweet fish compound feed No. 1 in sequence.
The feeding times and the feeding quantity of the artificial mixed feed are 4-6 times per day, a small amount of artificial mixed feed is used for multiple meals, and the total daily feeding quantity of the artificial mixed feed is 5% of the total weight of the fish bodies in the fry raising pond.
In some embodiments of the invention, the water quality monitoring comprises measuring the physicochemical factors of the water quality 2 times a day, wherein the water temperature is 25-29 ℃, the salinity is 30-33 per thousand, the dissolved oxygen is more than 5mg/L, the pH is 8.2-8.5, the ammonia nitrogen is less than 0.2mg/L, and the nitrite is less than 0.005 mg/L.
In some embodiments of the invention, the water quality control comprises replacing fresh seawater for the fry raising pond, and the specific scheme is that the fry raising pond with 3-6 days old fry is not replaced with water, 2% of fresh seawater is supplemented, the fry with 7-9 days old fry is replaced with seawater 5% every day, the fry raising is replaced with seawater 15% in 10-14 days, and the fry raising is replaced with seawater 30% in 15-30 days.
In the invention, the fry is cultivated and managed for 32 days, and the body length of the fry reaches 2.8 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the elevated pond ecological breeding method for the fries of the swallow shark, the algae phase-fungus phase-biological bait ecological system is constructed, a good growth environment is provided for the fries, and the fries of the swallow shark, which grow well and are good in quality, can be bred in a large scale through fry breeding and management.
(2) The method of the invention utilizes the elevated pond to propagate a large amount of rich biological baits such as rotifer, copepods, cladocera and the like, provides rich and palatable initial baits for the newly hatched fries, can meet the nutritional requirements of the fries at different growth stages, and reduces the fry breeding cost.
(3) The invention has the advantages of rapid growth of the fry, good economic benefit and larger development space by constructing the dynamic balance among the algae phase, the bacterial phase, the biological bait and the fry.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples to better understand and implement the technical solutions of the present invention for those skilled in the art. In the examples, a special material No. 0 of the compound feed for Hippocampus japonicus Temminck et Schlegel, a material No. 0 of the compound feed for Hippocampus Temminck et Schlegel and a material No. 1 of the compound feed for Hippocampus Temminck et Schlegel were purchased from Fujian Hippocampus feed Co. The photosynthetic bacteria liquid, the lactobacillus liquid and the bacillus powder are respectively purchased from Fengcbao, Huihubao and concentrated bacillus of Xinhaisheng biological technology limited, Guangzhou.
An elevated pond ecological breeding method for young swallow pinus acutifolius comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a high pond as a seedling raising pond and carrying out disinfection treatment
Selecting a high-level pond with the area of 1.5-3 mu, the water depth of 1.5-2.5m and the pond wall and the pond bottom additionally paved with a black plastic impermeable film as a seedling raising pond, arranging a circle of inflatable stones 1-2m away from the bottom edge of the pond, adding a lead weight on each inflatable stone, wherein the distance between every two adjacent inflatable stones is 2m, and one inflatable stone is 1m away from the bottom edge of the pond, so that the adjacent inflatable stone is 2m away from the bottom edge of the pond. After 20-30cm of seawater is added into the elevated pool, the pool bottom is disinfected by bleaching powder with the effective rate content of 30% according to the proportion of 30-50 kg/mu, and the seawater in the elevated pool is discharged completely after 2 days of soaking and disinfection.
(2) An algae phase-bacterial phase-biological bait ecological system is constructed in the seedling raising pond, and comprises directional culture of beneficial algae, culture of probiotics and ecological propagation of biological bait.
① Directional cultivation of beneficial algae and cultivation of probiotics
Fresh seawater filtered by a 200-mesh screen is added into the high pond, and the water depth is 1-1.2 m. And when 8-10 am in sunny weather is selected, urea and the NPK compound fertilizer are weighed according to the use amounts of 2 kg/mu m and 1 kg/mu m, the inorganic fertilizer is completely dissolved by seawater and then is sprayed into the pond, meanwhile, the chlorella concentrated solution, the algae cultivation paste, the anli algae source and the algae trace source are respectively added into the pond according to the use amounts of 5L/mu m, 2 kg/mu m, 2L/mu m and 200 g/mu m, the aerator is opened for aeration of the whole pond, the pond slowly presents green after 3-4 days, and the transparency is between 20-35 cm. And then, adding probiotics such as water and fertilizer products, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus and the like in a proper amount in time according to weather and algae phase change, wherein the using amount of the photosynthetic bacteria and the using amount of the lactic acid bacteria are 5L/mu m per day, the using amount of the bacillus is 400 g/mu m every 3-5 days, and maintaining the algae phase of the seedling culture pond. The photosynthetic bacteria and the lactic acid bacteria are bacteria liquid, wherein the colony number ranges from 20 to 30 hundred million/ml and 1 to 5 hundred million/ml respectively; the bacillus is powder, and the content of viable bacteria is 100 hundred million/g.
② ecological propagation of biological bait
The method comprises the steps of utilizing fermentation nutrient solutions such as unicellular algae, amino acid, glucose and the like in a seedling pond to efficiently cultivate biological baits such as rotifers, copepods, cladocera and the like, wherein the preparation formula of the fermentation nutrient solutions such as the amino acid, the glucose and the like comprises 200L of fresh water, 10kg of brown sugar, 5kg of eel meal, 5kg of shrimp roe and 10L of lactobacillus, the pH range of lactobacillus bacterial liquid is 3.4-4.0, the bacterial colony number range of the lactobacillus in the bacterial liquid is 1-5 hundred million/ml, the lactobacillus bacterial liquid can be used after being added into a water bucket and sealed and fermented for 3-5 days, and the dosage is 10L of fermentation nutrient solution per mu of rice per day.
(3) Hatching the fertilized eggs of the swallow pinicola to obtain the fry of the primarily hatched swallow pinicola, and breeding the fry into a fry pond for fry breeding and management.
Fertilized egg hatching and fry stocking and raising pond, which comprises the following steps:
manufacturing an incubation frame and an incubation net cage: PVC drain pipes are used for manufacturing the hatching frame, the square shape is 4m multiplied by 0.2m, wherein, upright 0.7m water pipes are added at the central parts of two symmetrical sides and are connected by the water pipes to form a top cross beam. The incubator is made of color strip cloth, is square, has the specification of 4m multiplied by 1.2m, and is bound to the incubation frame by using a plastic rope. The sunshade cloth cover is made of blue-silver woven waterproof cloth, is rectangular, has the specification of 4.8m multiplied by 4m, is bound to the top of the hatching frame, and reflects sunlight to shade when the silver surface of the cloth cover faces upwards. The hatching net cage is arranged in the seedling raising pond close to the pond wall, so that fertilized eggs can be conveniently placed and the hatching condition can be observed. On the day when the fertilized eggs are transported into a seedling raising field, fresh and clean seawater is added into the incubation net cage, the seawater is filtered by a cotton cloth water filtering bag, the incubation net cage is filled with water to a water level of 1m, the incubation box is suspended in the seedling raising pond, and the internal water level is consistent with the water level of the seedling raising pond. The incubator is characterized in that 16 inflatable stones are uniformly arranged in the incubator, namely 1 inflatable stone is placed in every 1 cubic water body, the aerator is started to continuously inflate, and the inflation quantity is adjusted to ensure that the water body in the incubator uniformly boils.
Hatching fertilized eggs: firstly, putting a fertilized egg packaging bag into an incubator, after 20-40min, the water temperature in the packaging bag is consistent with that in the incubator, detaching the packaging bag, and allowing the fertilized eggs to slowly flow into the incubator for incubation, wherein the incubation density is 8-12 ten thousand eggs/m3And the aeration quantity is adjusted to ensure that the fish eggs are uniformly distributed in the incubator. Under the conditions that the salinity is 28-30 per thousand and the water temperature is 26-28 ℃, fertilized eggs are hatched for 36 hours and then hatched into larval fish, and the aeration quantity is adjusted to be small in time.
Putting the fry into a fry raising pond: when the 3 days old of the fish fry come out of the film, the mouth of the fish fry is opened to eat zooplankton, and the fish fry can be put into a fry culture pond. Firstly, 500g of benralin is weighed, and after the benralin is dissolved in water of a fry raising pond, the benralin is splashed around an incubator so as to avoid the stress phenomenon after fry are subjected to the fry raising pond. Then the plastic rope binding the incubator is cut off, weights are bound on 4 edges of the incubator to enable the incubator to sink into the seedling raising pond underwater, the incubator is continuously inflated, and the fry slowly swims into the seedling raising pond along with water flow. And finally, after all the fry swim out of the incubator, slowly pulling the incubator from the water of the fry culture pond, wherein the stocking density of the fry is 22-25 ten thousand pieces per mu.
Fry rearing and management
Fry breeding management is carried out in the fry raising pond, and comprises fine feeding of biological baits, ordered replacement of compound feed, water quality monitoring and regulation and daily pond patrol management. The method comprises the following specific steps:
① Fine feeding of biological bait
In this embodiment, the biological bait fed to the seedling raising pond mainly comprises rotifers, copepods, cladocerans and the like. In the seedling cultivation process, chlorella algae seeds, organic fertilizer aquatic products, probiotics and the like are added regularly, the seedling cultivation pond contains abundant unicellular algae, organic debris, bacteria and the like, rotifers, copepods and cladocera can be propagated in a large quantity, and a large quantity of abundant baits are provided for fries, but because the number of the fries is large, the dynamic change conditions of the types and the quantity of the baits in the seedling cultivation pond, the sizes and the food intake of the fries and the like need to be considered comprehensively, a fine feeding strategy of the biological baits cultivated in an elevated pond of the fries of the prismaid is formulated, the feeding scheme is that the rotifers are fed for 3-6 days of the fries, and the number of the rotifers is 0.6-1/ml; feeding rotifers and copepods from 7-9 days old, wherein the number of the rotifers is 0.4-0.6/ml, and the number of the copepods is 0.5-0.8/ml; feeding copepods and cladocerans from 10 days old to 14 days old, wherein the number of the copepods is 0.3-0.5/ml, the number of the cladocerans is 0.8-1.2/ml, the biological baits are fed once every day at a ratio of 8:00-8:30, and the copepods and the cladocerans are cleaned by fresh seawater and then fed.
② orderly change of compound feed
And (3) starting to domesticate and feed the artificial compound feed when the fry are 15 days old, adopting a domestication method of firstly feeding the artificial compound feed and then feeding the cladocera under a starvation state, and completing the feeding of the artificial compound feed by the fry after 4 days of domestication. With the increasing of the fish body specification, the model of the artificial mixed feed is changed gradually, and the artificial mixed feed comprises eel meal, a special material of the sea horse brand sweet fish mixed feed No. 0, a material of the sea horse brand sweet fish mixed feed No. 0 and a material of the sea horse brand sweet fish mixed feed No. 1 in sequence. When the feed is fed along the periphery of the fry raising pond, the juvenile fishes can eat food within the self swimming capability range, and the feed is fed in a proper amount after the feed is basically eaten by the fishes, so that the residual bait is reduced, and the water quality pollution is avoided. Feeding 4-6 times every day with a small amount of multiple meals, wherein the total amount of artificial compound feed fed every day is 5% of the total weight of the fish bodies in the fry rearing pond.
③ Water quality detection and control
Measuring water quality physicochemical factors 2 times a day, wherein the water quality physicochemical factors are measured once in the morning and once in the afternoon, and the concrete numerical values of the culture environment factors are as follows: the water temperature is 25-29 ℃, the salinity is 30-33 per mill, the dissolved oxygen is more than 5mg/L, the pH is 8.2-8.5, the ammonia nitrogen is less than 0.2mg/L, and the nitrite is less than 0.005 mg/L. Injecting a proper amount of fresh clean seawater into the fry raising pond every day, and replacing a certain amount of pond water, wherein the specific scheme is that the fry raising pond with 3-6 days old fry is not replaced with water, 2% of fresh seawater is supplemented, 5% of seawater is replaced every day with 7-9 days old fry, 15% of seawater is replaced in 10-14 days of fry raising, and 30% of seawater is replaced in 15-30 days of fry raising.
④ daily patrol management
The pond is patrolled 6 times a day, and 2 times respectively in the morning, afternoon and evening, the phase change of algae and the activity of fry in the fry raising pond are observed and recorded, the fry is fished out to carefully check the health state and the ingestion condition of the fry, disease control measures are taken, the occurrence of diseases is strictly prevented, and daily culture logs are written in detail. In addition, whether the oxygenation condition of the seedling raising pond is normal or not is checked, and the sufficient oxygen supply of the seedling raising pond is ensured.
79.7 million fish tails of newly hatched fries are obtained by utilizing 1.5kg of fertilized eggs, 32-day cultivation is carried out, 32 million more fish tails of healthy swallow sharps are obtained, the body length is 2.5-3.2cm, the fry cultivation survival rate is 40.2%, the fries are respectively transported to an inland fish raft net cage, an open sea deep water net cage, an indoor cement pond and a high pond for cultivation, and the fries can be well adapted to various cultivation environments, and the survival rate is more than 95%.
The above embodiments illustrate various embodiments of the present invention in detail, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can achieve the objectives of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention, and any modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An elevated pond ecological breeding method for young swallow pinus acutifolia fry is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting a high pond as a seedling raising pond and carrying out disinfection treatment;
(2) constructing an algae phase-fungus phase-biological bait ecological system in the seedling raising pond;
(3) hatching the fertilized eggs of the swallow pinicola to obtain the fry of the primarily hatched swallow pinicola, and breeding the fry into a fry pond for fry breeding and management.
2. The elevated pond ecological breeding method for the young swamp shark of claim 1, wherein the construction of the algae phase-fungus phase-biological bait ecosystem comprises oriented breeding of beneficial algae, probiotic culture and ecological propagation of biological bait.
3. The elevated pond ecological cultivation method for the young swallow pinus pointeus according to claim 2, wherein the oriented cultivation of beneficial algae is that the oriented cultivation of chlorella is carried out by utilizing chlorella concentrated solution, inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer aquatic products and trace element products, and organic fertilizer aquatic products and probiotics are supplemented in time to maintain beneficial algae phase in the seedling pond.
4. The elevated pond ecological breeding method of the young swallow pinus acutus seeds of claim 3, wherein the use amount of the chlorella concentrated solution is 5L/mu x m; the inorganic fertilizer is urea and a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and the dosage of the inorganic fertilizer is 2 kg/mu m and 1 kg/mu m respectively; the organic fertilizer aquatic products are algae-cultivating paste and an amino-Li algae source, and the using amounts of the organic fertilizer aquatic products are respectively 2 kg/mu m and 2L/mu m; the trace element product is an algae trace source, and the dosage of the trace element product is 200 g/mu x m.
5. The elevated pond ecological breeding method for the fries of the swallow pinipes acutifolia according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the probiotics are photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus; the dosages of photosynthetic bacteria and lactobacillus are 5L/mu m per day, and the dosages of bacillus are 400 g/mu m every 3-5 days; the photosynthetic bacteria and the lactic acid bacteria are bacteria liquid, wherein the colony number ranges from 20 to 30 hundred million/ml and 1 to 5 hundred million/ml respectively; the bacillus is powder, and the content of viable bacteria is 100 hundred million/g.
6. The elevated pond ecological breeding method for the young swamp pinus poinaria according to claim 5, wherein the ecological propagation of the biological bait is to utilize unicellular algae and fermented nutrient solution in a breeding pond to culture the biological bait.
7. The elevated pond ecological breeding method for the young ostriches denticulata as claimed in claim 6, wherein the biological bait comprises rotifers, copepods and cladocerans; the fermented nutrient solution is prepared by fermenting brown sugar, eel powder, shrimp, lactobacillus and fresh water in a sealed manner.
8. The method for ecologically cultivating the high-level pond of the young swallow pinkeye according to claim 1, wherein the hatching of the fertilized eggs of the swallow pinkeye is carried out in an incubator which is in a nursery pond and is low in illumination and free from direct illumination of sunlight; the hatching seawater of the fertilized eggs is filtered fresh clean seawater, and the hatching density is 8-12 ten thousand grains/m3In the hatching process, the fish eggs are uniformly distributed in the hatching box; the time for putting the newly hatched larval crucian into the fry culture pond is 3 days after hatching, and the stocking density is 22-25 ten thousand fish/mu.
9. The elevated pond ecological breeding method for the young swallow pinus acutus seeds as claimed in claim 7 or 8, wherein the young swallow pinus breeding and management comprises fine biological bait feeding, ordered compound feed replacement, water quality monitoring and control and daily pond patrol management.
10. The elevated pond ecological breeding method for the young swallow pinus acutifolia seeds as claimed in claim 9, wherein the fine feeding manner of the biological baits is as follows: feeding rotifers to fry 3-6 days old, wherein the number of the rotifers is 0.6-1/ml; feeding rotifers and copepods from 7-9 days old, wherein the number of the rotifers is 0.4-0.6/ml, and the number of the copepods is 0.5-0.8/ml; feeding copepods and cladocerans from 10 days old to 14 days old, wherein the number of the copepods is 0.3-0.5 per ml, and the number of the cladocerans is 0.8-1.2 per ml; the orderly replacement of the compound feed comprises artificial domestication of the compound feed, replacement of the model of the artificial compound feed, and feeding times and quantity of the artificial compound feed.
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