CN110637806A - Biological plasticizing specimen opened from back and displaying viscera position relation and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Biological plasticizing specimen opened from back and displaying viscera position relation and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110637806A CN110637806A CN201910905314.9A CN201910905314A CN110637806A CN 110637806 A CN110637806 A CN 110637806A CN 201910905314 A CN201910905314 A CN 201910905314A CN 110637806 A CN110637806 A CN 110637806A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a biological plasticizing specimen opened from the back and displaying the position relation of internal organs and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of biological plasticizing. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: breaking off ribs from the back of a human body specimen subjected to preservative treatment to enable internal organs to be exposed from the back, separating sacrum and hip bone at the sacroiliac joint, completely separating one side of the human body specimen, retaining ligaments at the other side of the human body specimen, bleaching the human body specimen, placing the dissected human body specimen in an acetone solution for 60-80 d, placing the dehydrated and degreased human body specimen in a mixed solution of silica gel and a silica gel catalyst in a vacuum pressure bin for standing for 50-60 d, adjusting the pressure of the vacuum pressure bin during standing to be gradually adjusted from 0.1-0.3 kPa to 0.9-1.2 kPa, shaping and repairing the soaked human body specimen, placing the human body specimen in a curing box, and curing by using organic peroxide and fat nitrogen compound steam to obtain the human body specimen. The biological plasticizing specimen displays the shape and position relation of internal organs from the back, and is favorable for specimen observation in later period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological plasticization, and particularly relates to a biological plasticization specimen which is opened from the back and displays the position relation of internal organs, and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The plasticizing specimen technology applied to the field of biological anatomical landmarks has the history of about 20 years, and the biological plasticizing specimen produced by the plasticizing technology has the advantages of no toxicity, no smell, long-term preservation, convenient use, long-term preservation in the air and the like.
At present, the currently common biological plasticizing specimens for teaching and learning in schools are to open the chest abdominal wall from the front to display the viscera plasticizing specimen, and to open the chest abdominal wall from the front to display the viscera plasticizing specimen can only display the position relation of the viscera in the front of the chest and abdomen, but can not clearly display the position relation of the viscera in the back.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a biological plasticizing specimen for displaying the viscera position relation by opening from the back, which has strong sense of reality, safety, environmental protection and convenient teaching and can display the shape and the position relation of organs from the back.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a biological plasticized specimen which is opened from the back and shows the visceral position relationship.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the method for manufacturing the biological plasticizing specimen which is opened from the back and displays the viscera position relationship comprises the following steps:
1) dissecting, namely breaking off the ribs of the preserved human body specimen from the back to expose internal organs from the back, separating the sacrum and the hipbone at the sacroiliac joint, completely separating one side of the sacrum and the hipbone, reserving ligaments at the other side of the sacrum and the hipbone, and bleaching the human body specimen to obtain a dissected human body specimen;
2) dehydrating and degreasing, namely soaking the dissected human body specimen in an acetone solution for 60-80 days to obtain a dehydrated and degreased human body specimen;
3) vacuum impregnation, namely placing the dehydrated and degreased human body specimen in a mixed solution of silica gel and a silica gel catalyst in a vacuum pressure bin for standing for 50-60 d, adjusting the pressure of the vacuum pressure bin during standing to gradually adjust the pressure from 0.1-0.3 kPa to 0.9-1.2 kPa, and extruding the silica gel into the human body specimen to replace an acetone solution to obtain the impregnated human body specimen;
4) and (5) curing, namely setting and repairing the dipped human body specimen, placing the human body specimen in a curing box, and curing by using a silica gel cross-linking agent to obtain the product.
Further, the silica gel catalyst in the step 3) is dibutyl tin dilaurate, and the mass ratio of the silica gel to the dibutyl tin dilaurate is 1000: 8-1000: 2.
Further, the process of the antiseptic treatment is as follows: and (3) filling the human body specimen with formalin with the volume concentration of 20-30%, and soaking the human body specimen in the formalin with the volume concentration of 10-15% for 5-6 months after filling.
Further, the bleaching process in the step 1) is as follows: and (3) bleaching the dissected human body specimen in a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass concentration of 15-20% for 2-3 d.
Further, the initial mass concentration of the dehydrated and degreased acetone solution in the step 2) is 60-70%, the mass concentration of the acetone solution is gradually increased to 95-98%, and then the acetone solution is continuously soaked for 14-21 d; during the dehydration and degreasing process, the acetone solution is replaced every two weeks.
Further, the temperature of the dehydration and degreasing in the step 2) is-20 to-10 ℃.
Further, the silica gel cross-linking agent is tetraethoxysilane.
Further, in the step 4), the curing is to place the silica gel cross-linking agent in an atomizer for atomization curing, wherein the atomization curing time is 8-10 days, and the curing temperature is 35-55 ℃.
Further, the shaping process in the step 4) is to take the soaked human body specimen out of the silica gel, and fix the shape by using a steel bar to obtain the shaped human body specimen; the repairing process comprises the following steps: repairing bones, ligament tissues and nerve tissues on the shaped human body specimen, and removing excessive silica gel.
Further, the method also comprises the step of trimming the cured human body specimen after curing, wherein the trimming process comprises the following steps: and trimming the excess silica gel on the cured human body specimen to be clean and tidy.
The biological plasticizing specimen which is opened from the back and shows the viscera position relation is prepared by the method for preparing the biological plasticizing specimen which is opened from the back and shows the viscera position relation.
Formalin was purchased from Zhengzhou Sa han chemical products Co.
Hydrogen peroxide was purchased from sierra chemical ltd, guangzhou.
Silica gel was purchased from chemical products, Inc. of Kaibo, Henan.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for manufacturing the biological plasticizing specimen which is opened from the back and displays the viscera position relation opens the human body specimen from the back, displays the shape and the position relation of each organ from the back, and is convenient to watch and learn.
The biological plasticized specimen opened from the back and used for displaying the visceral position relation is made of a real human body specimen, the visceral organ structure is complete and unchanged, the reality is strong, the specimen observation at the later stage is facilitated, the use is more convenient, and the teaching of teachers and the study of students are facilitated.
The biological plasticizing specimen which is opened from the back and displays the position relation of the viscera is non-toxic and tasteless, is convenient to store for a long time, can be repeatedly used and does not damage the health of a user.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a bioplasticizing specimen whose visceral positional relationship is shown opened from the back in example 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The method for manufacturing the biological plasticized specimen which is opened from the back and displays the visceral position relation comprises the following steps:
1) selecting materials, and selecting human body specimens with complete bones, no fracture and no lesion.
2) Performing preservative treatment, namely filling a human body specimen by using 20% formalin, wherein the specific filling mode is as follows: filling and permeating formalin into each part of the human body specimen through a large blood vessel comprising a femoral artery, a carotid artery and the like, and then placing the human body specimen in formalin with the volume concentration of 10% for soaking for 5 months after filling is finished to obtain the human body specimen after preservative treatment.
3) Dissecting, removing skin, superficial fascia and deep fascia from the antiseptic human body specimen, keeping superficial muscles and vascular nerves, cutting off ribs at the back scapula, separating sacrum and hipbone at the sacroiliac joint, completely separating one side and keeping ligament at the other side, facilitating later connection, protecting viscera injury when opening ribs, and trimming. Bleaching the dissected human body specimen, wherein the bleaching process comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the dissected human body specimen in a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass concentration of 15% for bleaching for 2d until the color of the human body specimen becomes white, and washing for 3 days by using tap water to obtain the dissected human body specimen.
4) Dehydrating and degreasing, namely placing the dissected human body specimen in an acetone solution with the mass concentration of 60%, gradually increasing the mass concentration of the acetone solution to 95%, and then continuing to soak for 14 d. The soaking time of the dehydration and the degreasing is 80d, the temperature is-20 ℃, and the acetone solution is replaced every two weeks in the dehydration and the degreasing process until the water and the lipid in the human body specimen are completely removed, so as to obtain the dehydrated and degreased human body specimen.
5) And (3) vacuum impregnation, namely placing the dehydrated and degreased human body specimen in a mixed solution of silica gel and a silica gel catalyst in a vacuum pressure chamber, and standing for 50d, wherein the silica gel catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate, and the mass ratio of the silica gel to the dibutyltin dilaurate is 1000: 5. And (3) adjusting the pressure of the vacuum pressure bin to 0.9kPa gradually from 0.1kPa during standing, and extruding silica gel into the human body specimen to replace the acetone solution to obtain the soaked human body specimen.
6) And (4) shaping, namely taking the soaked human body specimen out of the silica gel, and fixing the shape by using a steel bar to obtain the shaped human body specimen.
7) And (3) repairing, namely repairing bones, ligament tissues and nerve tissues on the shaped human body specimen cleanly and flatly, and treating redundant silica gel to obtain the repaired human body specimen.
8) And curing, namely placing the repaired human body specimen in a curing box, curing by using a silica gel cross-linking agent, wherein the silica gel cross-linking agent is tetraethoxysilane, the tetraethoxysilane is placed in an atomizer for atomization and curing, the atomization and curing time is 8d, and the curing temperature is 35 ℃, so that the cured human body specimen is obtained.
9) And (4) trimming, namely trimming the redundant silica gel on the cured human body specimen to be clean and tidy to obtain the human body specimen.
The bioplasticizing specimen with the visceral positional relationship opened from the back in the present example, that is, the bioplasticizing specimen with the visceral positional relationship opened from the back prepared by the method for producing the bioplasticizing specimen with the visceral positional relationship opened from the back in the present example.
Example 2
The method for manufacturing the biological plasticized specimen which is opened from the back and displays the visceral position relation comprises the following steps:
1) selecting materials, and selecting human body specimens with complete bones, no fracture and no lesion.
2) Performing preservative treatment, namely filling a human body specimen by using 30% formalin, wherein the specific filling mode is as follows: and (3) filling and permeating formalin into each part of the human body specimen through a large blood vessel comprising a femoral artery, a carotid artery and the like, and then placing the human body specimen into formalin with the volume concentration of 15% to soak for 6 months after filling to obtain the human body specimen subjected to preservative treatment.
3) Dissecting, removing skin, superficial fascia and deep fascia from the antiseptic human body specimen, keeping superficial muscles and vascular nerves, cutting off ribs at the back scapula, separating sacrum and hipbone at the sacroiliac joint, completely separating one side and keeping ligament at the other side, facilitating later connection, protecting viscera injury when opening ribs, and trimming. Bleaching the dissected human body specimen, wherein the bleaching process comprises the following steps: and (3) bleaching the dissected human body specimen in a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass concentration of 18% for 3d until the color of the human body specimen becomes white, and washing the human body specimen for 3 days by using tap water to obtain the dissected human body specimen.
4) Dehydrating and degreasing, namely placing the dissected human body specimen in an acetone solution with the mass concentration of 65%, gradually increasing the mass concentration of the acetone solution to 96%, and then continuing to soak for 18 d. The soaking time of the dehydration and the degreasing is 60 days, the temperature is-15 ℃, and the acetone solution is replaced every two weeks in the dehydration and the degreasing process until the water and the lipid in the human body specimen are completely removed, so as to obtain the dehydrated and degreased human body specimen.
5) And (3) vacuum impregnation, namely placing the dehydrated and degreased human body specimen in a mixed solution of silica gel and a silica gel catalyst in a vacuum pressure chamber, standing for 55d, wherein the silica gel catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate, and the mass ratio of the silica gel to the dibutyltin dilaurate is 1000: 2. And (3) adjusting the pressure of the vacuum pressure bin to 1.0kPa gradually from 0.2kPa during standing, and extruding silica gel into the human body specimen to replace the acetone solution to obtain the soaked human body specimen.
6) And (4) shaping, namely taking the soaked human body specimen out of the silica gel, and fixing the shape by using a steel bar to obtain the shaped human body specimen.
7) And (3) repairing, namely repairing bones, ligament tissues and nerve tissues on the shaped human body specimen cleanly and flatly, and treating redundant silica gel to obtain the repaired human body specimen.
8) And curing, namely placing the repaired human body specimen in a curing box, curing by using a silica gel cross-linking agent, wherein the silica gel cross-linking agent is tetraethoxysilane, the tetraethoxysilane is placed in an atomizer for atomization and curing, the atomization and curing time is 9 days, and the curing temperature is 40 ℃, so that the cured human body specimen is obtained.
9) And (4) trimming, namely trimming the redundant silica gel on the cured human body specimen to be clean and tidy to obtain the human body specimen.
The bioplasticizing specimen with the visceral positional relationship opened from the back in the present example, that is, the bioplasticizing specimen with the visceral positional relationship opened from the back prepared by the method for producing the bioplasticizing specimen with the visceral positional relationship opened from the back in the present example.
Example 3
The method for manufacturing the biological plasticized specimen which is opened from the back and displays the visceral position relation comprises the following steps:
1) selecting materials, and selecting human body specimens with complete bones, no fracture and no lesion.
2) Preservative treatment, namely filling a human body specimen with 25% formalin, wherein the specific filling mode is as follows: filling and permeating formalin into each part of the human body specimen through large blood vessels including femoral artery, carotid artery and the like, and then placing the human body specimen into formalin with the volume concentration of 12% to be soaked for 5 months after filling is finished to obtain the human body specimen after preservative treatment.
3) Dissecting, removing skin, superficial fascia and deep fascia from the antiseptic human body specimen, keeping superficial muscles and vascular nerves, cutting off ribs at the back scapula, separating sacrum and hipbone at the sacroiliac joint, completely separating one side and keeping ligament at the other side, facilitating later connection, protecting viscera injury when opening ribs, and trimming. Bleaching the dissected human body specimen, wherein the bleaching process comprises the following steps: and (3) bleaching the dissected human body specimen in a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass concentration of 20% for 3d until the color of the human body specimen becomes white, and washing the human body specimen for 3 days by using tap water to obtain the dissected human body specimen.
4) Dehydrating and degreasing, namely placing the dissected human body specimen in an acetone solution with the mass concentration of 68%, gradually increasing the mass concentration of the acetone solution to 98%, and then continuing to soak for 21 d. The soaking time of the dehydration and the degreasing is 70 days, the temperature is-10 ℃, and the acetone solution is replaced every two weeks in the dehydration and the degreasing process until the water and the lipid in the human body specimen are completely removed, so as to obtain the dehydrated and degreased human body specimen.
5) And (3) vacuum impregnation, namely placing the dehydrated and degreased human body specimen in a mixed solution of silica gel and a silica gel catalyst in a vacuum pressure chamber, standing for 60d, wherein the silica gel catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate, and the mass ratio of the silica gel to the dibutyltin dilaurate is 1000: 3. And (3) adjusting the pressure of the vacuum pressure bin to 1.2kPa gradually from 0.3kPa during standing, and extruding silica gel into the human body specimen to replace the acetone solution to obtain the soaked human body specimen.
6) And (4) shaping, namely taking the soaked human body specimen out of the silica gel, and fixing the shape by using a steel bar to obtain the shaped human body specimen.
7) And (3) repairing, namely repairing bones, ligament tissues and nerve tissues on the shaped human body specimen cleanly and flatly, and treating redundant silica gel to obtain the repaired human body specimen.
8) And curing, namely placing the repaired human body specimen in a curing box, curing by using a silica gel cross-linking agent, wherein the silica gel cross-linking agent is tetraethoxysilane, the tetraethoxysilane is placed in an atomizer for atomization and curing, the atomization and curing time is 10 days, and the curing temperature is 45 ℃, so that the cured human body specimen is obtained.
9) And (4) trimming, namely trimming the redundant silica gel on the cured human body specimen to be clean and tidy to obtain the human body specimen.
The bioplasticizing specimen with the visceral positional relationship opened from the back in the present example, that is, the bioplasticizing specimen with the visceral positional relationship opened from the back prepared by the method for producing the bioplasticizing specimen with the visceral positional relationship opened from the back in the present example.
Example 4
The method for manufacturing the biological plasticized specimen which is opened from the back and displays the visceral position relation comprises the following steps:
1) selecting materials, and selecting human body specimens with complete bones, no fracture and no lesion.
2) Performing preservative treatment, namely filling a human body specimen with 28% formalin, wherein the specific filling mode is as follows: and (3) filling and permeating formalin into each part of the human body specimen through a large blood vessel comprising a femoral artery, a carotid artery and the like, and then placing the human body specimen into formalin with the volume concentration of 13% to soak for 6 months after filling to obtain the human body specimen subjected to preservative treatment.
3) Dissecting, removing skin, superficial fascia and deep fascia from the antiseptic human body specimen, keeping superficial muscles and vascular nerves, cutting off ribs at the back scapula, separating sacrum and hipbone at the sacroiliac joint, completely separating one side and keeping ligament at the other side, facilitating later connection, protecting viscera injury when opening ribs, and trimming. Bleaching the dissected human body specimen, wherein the bleaching process comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the dissected human body specimen in a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass concentration of 16% for bleaching for 2d until the color of the human body specimen becomes white, and washing for 3 days by using tap water to obtain the dissected human body specimen.
4) Dehydrating and degreasing, namely placing the dissected human body specimen in an acetone solution with the mass concentration of 70%, gradually increasing the mass concentration of the acetone solution to 97%, and then continuing to soak for 15 d. The soaking time of the dehydration and the degreasing is 75 days, the temperature is-12 ℃, and the acetone solution is replaced every two weeks in the dehydration and the degreasing process until the water and the lipid in the human body specimen are completely removed, so as to obtain the dehydrated and degreased human body specimen.
5) And (3) vacuum impregnation, namely placing the dehydrated and degreased human body specimen in a mixed solution of silica gel and a silica gel catalyst in a vacuum pressure chamber, standing for 52d, wherein the silica gel catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate, and the mass ratio of the silica gel to the dibutyltin dilaurate is 1000: 4. And (3) adjusting the pressure of the vacuum pressure bin to 1.1kPa gradually from 0.2kPa during standing, and extruding silica gel into the human body specimen to replace the acetone solution to obtain the soaked human body specimen.
6) And (4) shaping, namely taking the soaked human body specimen out of the silica gel, and fixing the shape by using a steel bar to obtain the shaped human body specimen.
7) And (3) repairing, namely repairing bones, ligament tissues and nerve tissues on the shaped human body specimen cleanly and flatly, and treating redundant silica gel to obtain the repaired human body specimen.
8) And curing, namely placing the repaired human body specimen in a curing box, curing by using a silica gel cross-linking agent, wherein the silica gel cross-linking agent is tetraethoxysilane, the tetraethoxysilane is placed in an atomizer for atomization and curing, the atomization and curing time is 9 days, and the curing temperature is 50 ℃, so that the cured human body specimen is obtained.
9) And (4) trimming, namely trimming the redundant silica gel on the cured human body specimen to be clean and tidy to obtain the human body specimen.
The bioplasticizing specimen with the visceral positional relationship opened from the back in the present example, that is, the bioplasticizing specimen with the visceral positional relationship opened from the back prepared by the method for producing the bioplasticizing specimen with the visceral positional relationship opened from the back in the present example.
Example 5
The method for manufacturing the biological plasticized specimen which is opened from the back and displays the visceral position relation comprises the following steps:
1) selecting materials, and selecting human body specimens with complete bones, no fracture and no lesion.
2) Preservative treatment, namely, filling a human body specimen with 22% formalin, wherein the specific filling mode is as follows: filling and permeating formalin into each part of the human body specimen through a large blood vessel comprising a femoral artery, a carotid artery and the like, and then placing the human body specimen into formalin with the volume concentration of 11% to soak for 5 months after filling is completed to obtain the human body specimen after preservative treatment.
3) Dissecting, removing skin, superficial fascia and deep fascia from the antiseptic human body specimen, keeping superficial muscles and vascular nerves, cutting off ribs at the back scapula, separating sacrum and hipbone at the sacroiliac joint, completely separating one side and keeping ligament at the other side, facilitating later connection, protecting viscera injury when opening ribs, and trimming. Bleaching the dissected human body specimen, wherein the bleaching process comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the dissected human body specimen in a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass concentration of 17% for bleaching for 2d until the color of the human body specimen becomes white, and washing for 3 days by using tap water to obtain the dissected human body specimen.
4) Dehydrating and degreasing, namely placing the dissected human body specimen in an acetone solution with the mass concentration of 62%, gradually increasing the mass concentration of the acetone solution to 96%, and continuing to soak for 16 d. The soaking time of the dehydration and the degreasing is 65d, the temperature is-18 ℃, the acetone solution is replaced every two weeks in the dehydration and the degreasing process until the water and the lipid in the human body specimen are completely removed, and the dehydrated and degreased human body specimen is obtained.
5) And (3) vacuum impregnation, namely placing the dehydrated and degreased human body specimen in a mixed solution of silica gel and a silica gel catalyst in a vacuum pressure chamber, standing for 60d, wherein the silica gel catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate, and the mass ratio of the silica gel to the dibutyltin dilaurate is 1000: 5. And (3) adjusting the pressure of the vacuum pressure bin to 0.9kPa gradually from 0.3kPa during standing, and extruding silica gel into the human body specimen to replace the acetone solution to obtain the soaked human body specimen.
6) And (4) shaping, namely taking the soaked human body specimen out of the silica gel, and fixing the shape by using a steel bar to obtain the shaped human body specimen.
7) And (3) repairing, namely repairing bones, ligament tissues and nerve tissues on the shaped human body specimen cleanly and flatly, and treating redundant silica gel to obtain the repaired human body specimen.
8) And curing, namely placing the repaired human body specimen in a curing box, curing by using a silica gel cross-linking agent, wherein the silica gel cross-linking agent is tetraethoxysilane, the tetraethoxysilane is placed in an atomizer for atomization and curing, the atomization and curing time is 10 days, and the curing temperature is 38 ℃, so that the cured human body specimen is obtained.
9) And (4) trimming, namely trimming the redundant silica gel on the cured human body specimen to be clean and tidy to obtain the human body specimen.
The bioplasticizing specimen with the visceral positional relationship opened from the back in the present example, that is, the bioplasticizing specimen with the visceral positional relationship opened from the back prepared by the method for producing the bioplasticizing specimen with the visceral positional relationship opened from the back in the present example.
Example 6
The method for manufacturing the biological plasticized specimen which is opened from the back and displays the visceral position relation comprises the following steps:
1) selecting materials, and selecting human body specimens with complete bones, no fracture and no lesion.
2) Preservative treatment, namely filling a human body specimen with 25% formalin, wherein the specific filling mode is as follows: filling and permeating formalin into each part of the human body specimen through large blood vessels including femoral artery, carotid artery and the like, and then placing the human body specimen into formalin with the volume concentration of 10% to be soaked for 6 months after filling is finished to obtain the human body specimen after preservative treatment.
3) Dissecting, removing skin, superficial fascia and deep fascia from the antiseptic human body specimen, keeping superficial muscles and vascular nerves, cutting off ribs at the back scapula, separating sacrum and hipbone at the sacroiliac joint, completely separating one side and keeping ligament at the other side, facilitating later connection, protecting viscera injury when opening ribs, and trimming. Bleaching the dissected human body specimen, wherein the bleaching process comprises the following steps: and (3) bleaching the dissected human body specimen in a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass concentration of 19% for 3d until the color of the human body specimen becomes white, and washing the human body specimen for 3 days by using tap water to obtain the dissected human body specimen.
4) Dehydrating and degreasing, namely placing the dissected human body specimen in an acetone solution with the mass concentration of 65%, gradually increasing the mass concentration of the acetone solution to 95%, and then continuing to soak for 20 d. The soaking time of the dehydration and the degreasing is 60 days, the temperature is-20 ℃, and the acetone solution is replaced every two weeks in the dehydration and the degreasing process until the water and the lipid in the human body specimen are completely removed, so as to obtain the dehydrated and degreased human body specimen.
5) And (3) vacuum impregnation, namely placing the dehydrated and degreased human body specimen in a mixed solution of silica gel and a silica gel catalyst in a vacuum pressure chamber, standing for 55d, wherein the silica gel catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate, and the mass ratio of the silica gel to the dibutyltin dilaurate is 1000: 2. And (3) adjusting the pressure of the vacuum pressure bin to 1.2kPa gradually from 0.1kPa during standing, and extruding silica gel into the human body specimen to replace the acetone solution to obtain the soaked human body specimen.
6) And (4) shaping, namely taking the soaked human body specimen out of the silica gel, and fixing the shape by using a steel bar to obtain the shaped human body specimen.
7) And (3) repairing, namely repairing bones, ligament tissues and nerve tissues on the shaped human body specimen cleanly and flatly, and treating redundant silica gel to obtain the repaired human body specimen.
8) And curing, namely placing the repaired human body specimen in a curing box, curing by using a silica gel cross-linking agent, wherein the silica gel cross-linking agent is tetraethoxysilane, the tetraethoxysilane is placed in an atomizer for atomization and curing, the atomization and curing time is 8d, and the curing temperature is 55 ℃, so that the cured human body specimen is obtained.
9) And (4) trimming, namely trimming the redundant silica gel on the cured human body specimen to be clean and tidy to obtain the human body specimen.
The bioplasticizing specimen with the visceral positional relationship opened from the back in the present example, that is, the bioplasticizing specimen with the visceral positional relationship opened from the back prepared by the method for producing the bioplasticizing specimen with the visceral positional relationship opened from the back in the present example.
Claims (10)
1. The method for manufacturing the biological plasticizing specimen which is opened from the back and displays the viscera position relationship is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) dissecting, namely breaking off the ribs of the preserved human body specimen from the back to expose internal organs from the back, separating the sacrum and the hipbone at the sacroiliac joint, completely separating one side of the sacrum and the hipbone, reserving ligaments at the other side of the sacrum and the hipbone, and bleaching the human body specimen to obtain a dissected human body specimen;
2) dehydrating and degreasing, namely soaking the dissected human body specimen in an acetone solution for 60-80 days to obtain a dehydrated and degreased human body specimen;
3) vacuum impregnation, namely placing the dehydrated and degreased human body specimen in a mixed solution of silica gel and a silica gel catalyst in a vacuum pressure bin for standing for 50-60 d, adjusting the pressure of the vacuum pressure bin during standing to gradually adjust the pressure from 0.1-0.3 kPa to 0.9-1.2 kPa, and extruding the silica gel into the human body specimen to replace an acetone solution to obtain the impregnated human body specimen;
4) and (5) curing, namely setting and repairing the dipped human body specimen, placing the human body specimen in a curing box, and curing by using a silica gel cross-linking agent to obtain the product.
2. The method for preparing a bioplasticized specimen with an internal organ positional relationship being shown by opening from the back side according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 3), the silica gel catalyst is dibutyl tin dilaurate, and the mass ratio of silica gel to dibutyl tin dilaurate is 1000: 8-1000: 2.
3. The method for preparing a bioplasticized specimen with an internal organ positional relationship displayed by opening from the back according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the procedure of bleaching in step 1) is: and (3) bleaching the dissected human body specimen in a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass concentration of 15-20% for 2-3 d.
4. The method for preparing a biological plasticized specimen which is opened from the back and shows the visceral position relationship as claimed in claim 1, wherein the initial mass concentration of the dehydrated and degreased acetone solution in the step 2) is 60-70%, and the acetone solution is soaked for 14-21 d after the mass concentration is gradually increased to 95-98%; during the dehydration and degreasing process, the acetone solution is replaced every two weeks.
5. The method for preparing a bioplasticized specimen with an internal organ positional relationship being shown by opening from the back side according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the temperature of the dehydration and degreasing in the step 2) is-20 to-10 ℃.
6. The method for preparing a bioplasticized specimen with an internal organ positional relationship opened from the back as claimed in claim 1, wherein the silica gel crosslinking agent is tetraethoxysilane.
7. The method for preparing a bio-plasticized specimen with an opened back and an internal organ positional relationship according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the curing in the step 4) is carried out by placing a silica gel cross-linking agent in an atomizer for atomizing and curing, wherein the atomizing and curing time is 8-10 days, and the curing temperature is 35-55 ℃.
8. The method for preparing a bio-plasticized specimen with an opened back displaying the visceral position according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the shaping in step 4) is performed by taking the immersed human specimen out of the silica gel, fixing the shape with a steel bar to obtain a shaped human specimen; the repairing process comprises the following steps: repairing bones, ligament tissues and nerve tissues on the shaped human body specimen, and removing excessive silica gel.
9. The method for preparing a bio-plasticized specimen with an opened internal organ from the back according to claim 1, wherein the step of trimming the cured human specimen is further included, and the trimming process comprises: and trimming the excess silica gel on the cured human body specimen to be clean and tidy.
10. The bioplasticized specimen exhibiting a visceral positional relationship when opened from the back, prepared by the method for producing a bioplasticized specimen exhibiting a visceral positional relationship when opened from the back according to claim 1.
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